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Gaillardia

December 15, 2023

For the fictional British island colony, see Carlton-Browne of the F.O.

Gaillardia /ɡeɪˈlɑːrdiə/[3] (common name blanket flower)[4] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to North and South America. It was named after Maître Gaillard de Charentonneau,[5][6] an 18th-century French magistrate who was an enthusiastic botanist. The common name may refer to the resemblance of the inflorescence to the brightly patterned blankets made by Native Americans, or to the ability of wild taxa to blanket the ground with colonies.[7] Many cultivars have been bred for ornamental use.

Gaillardia
Gaillardia pulchella
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Helenieae
Subtribe: Gaillardiinae
Genus: Gaillardia
Foug.[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Guentheria Spreng.
  • Galordia Raeusch.
  • Polypteris Less.
  • Calonnea Buc'hoz
  • Cercostylos Less.
  • Othake Raf.
  • Agassizia A.Gray & Engelm.

Description edit

 
Cultivated Gaillardia in Gahkuch, Pakistan.

These are annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, sometimes with rhizomes. The stem is usually branching and erect to a maximum height around 80 centimeters (31.5 inches). The leaves are alternately arranged. Some taxa have only basal leaves. They vary in shape. They are glandular in most species. The inflorescence is a solitary flower head. The head can have 15 or more ray florets, while some taxa lack any ray florets. They can be almost any shade of yellow, orange, red, purplish, brown, white, or bicolored. They are sometimes rolled into a funnel shape. There are many tubular disc florets at the center of the head in a similar range of colors, and usually tipped with hairs. The fruit usually has a pappus of scales.[8]

Ecology edit

Gaillardia species are used as food plants by the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species, including Schinia bina (which has been recorded on G. pulchella), Schinia masoni (which feeds exclusively on G. aristata) and Schinia volupia (which feeds exclusively on G. pulchella).

 
red dome blanketflower (Gaillardia pinnatifida)
 
Gaillardia 'Fanfare'

Symbolism edit

It is the official flower of Wallonia.
The school colors of Texas State University are maroon and old gold, a combination inspired by the gaillardia.[9]

Species edit

Species include:[4][10]

Hybrids edit

Formerly placed here edit

Gallery edit

  •  

    lanceleaf blanketflower (Gaillardia aestivalis)

  •  

    firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella)

  •  

    Gaillardia × hybrida 'Kobold'

  •  

    Gaillardia × grandiflora 'Oranges and Lemons'

  •  
  •  

References edit

  1. ^ "Genus: Gaillardia Foug". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-09-22. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
  2. ^ "Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist". Archived from the original on 2014-11-30. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
  3. ^ Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07.
  4. ^ a b "Gaillardia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
  5. ^ Fougeroux de Bondaroy, Auguste Denis. Observations sur la Physique, sur L'Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts. 29: 55. 1786. [1]
  6. ^ Fougeroux de Bondaroy, Auguste Denis. Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences Paris 1786: 5. 1788. [2]
  7. ^ Gaillardia × grandiflora. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  8. ^ Gaillardia. Flora of North America.
  9. ^ School Colors. Texas State University–San Marcos.
  10. ^ a b c d "GRIN Species Records of Gaillardia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-02-10.

Further reading edit

  •   Media related to Gaillardia at Wikimedia Commons
  • Biddulph, S. F. (1944). "A revision of the genus Gaillardia". Res. Stud. State Coll. Wash. 13: 195–256.

December 15, 2023
gaillardia, fictional, british, island, colony, carlton, browne, ɑːr, common, name, blanket, flower, genus, flowering, plants, family, asteraceae, native, north, south, america, named, after, maître, gaillard, charentonneau, 18th, century, french, magistrate, . For the fictional British island colony see Carlton Browne of the F O Gaillardia ɡ eɪ ˈ l ɑːr d i e 3 common name blanket flower 4 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae native to North and South America It was named after Maitre Gaillard de Charentonneau 5 6 an 18th century French magistrate who was an enthusiastic botanist The common name may refer to the resemblance of the inflorescence to the brightly patterned blankets made by Native Americans or to the ability of wild taxa to blanket the ground with colonies 7 Many cultivars have been bred for ornamental use GaillardiaGaillardia pulchellaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeSubfamily AsteroideaeTribe HelenieaeSubtribe GaillardiinaeGenus GaillardiaFoug 1 Synonyms 2 Guentheria Spreng Galordia Raeusch Polypteris Less Calonnea Buc hoz Cercostylos Less Othake Raf Agassizia A Gray amp Engelm Contents 1 Description 2 Ecology 3 Symbolism 4 Species 4 1 Hybrids 4 2 Formerly placed here 5 Gallery 6 References 7 Further readingDescription edit nbsp Cultivated Gaillardia in Gahkuch Pakistan These are annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs sometimes with rhizomes The stem is usually branching and erect to a maximum height around 80 centimeters 31 5 inches The leaves are alternately arranged Some taxa have only basal leaves They vary in shape They are glandular in most species The inflorescence is a solitary flower head The head can have 15 or more ray florets while some taxa lack any ray florets They can be almost any shade of yellow orange red purplish brown white or bicolored They are sometimes rolled into a funnel shape There are many tubular disc florets at the center of the head in a similar range of colors and usually tipped with hairs The fruit usually has a pappus of scales 8 Ecology editGaillardia species are used as food plants by the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species including Schinia bina which has been recorded on G pulchella Schinia masoni which feeds exclusively on G aristata and Schinia volupia which feeds exclusively on G pulchella nbsp red dome blanketflower Gaillardia pinnatifida nbsp Gaillardia Fanfare Symbolism editIt is the official flower of Wallonia The school colors of Texas State University are maroon and old gold a combination inspired by the gaillardia 9 Species editSpecies include 4 10 Gaillardia aestivalis Walter H Rock lanceleaf blanketflower southeastern USA Gaillardia amblyodon J Gay maroon blanketflower Texas Gaillardia aristata Pursh common gaillardia Canada northern western USA Gaillardia arizonica A Gray Arizona blanketflower Sonora southwestern USA Gaillardia cabrerae Lihue Calel Argentina Gaillardia coahuilensis B L Turner bandanna daisy Coahuila Texas Gaillardia comosa A Gray northern Mexico Gaillardia doniana Hook amp Arn Griseb Argentina Gaillardia gypsophila B L Turner Coahuila Gaillardia henricksonii B L Turner Coahuila Gaillardia megapotamica Spreng Baker Argentina 10 boton de oro Gaillardia megapotamica var radiata San Luis Argentina Gaillardia megapotamica var scabiosoides Gaillardia mexicana A Gray northeastern Mexico Gaillardia multiceps Greene onion blanketflower Arizona Texas New Mexico Gaillardia parryi Greene Parry s blanketflower Utah Arizona Gaillardia pinnatifida Torr red dome blanketflower northern Mexico western USA Gaillardia powellii B L Turner Coahuila Gaillardia pulchella Foug firewheel southern central USA central Canada northern Mexico Gaillardia serotina Walter H Rock southeastern USA Gaillardia spathulata A Gray western blanketflower Utah Colorado Gaillardia suavis A Gray amp Engelm Britton amp Rusby perfumeballs northeastern Mexico south central USA Gaillardia tontalensis San Juan Province Argentina Gaillardia turneri Averett amp A M Powell ChihuahuaHybrids edit Gaillardia grandiflora hort ex Van Houtte G aristata G pulchella 10 Formerly placed here edit Helenium amarum Raf H Rock var amarum as G amara Raf Tetraneuris acaulis Pursh Greene var acaulis as G acaulis Pursh 10 Gallery edit nbsp lanceleaf blanketflower Gaillardia aestivalis nbsp firewheel Gaillardia pulchella nbsp Gaillardia hybrida Kobold nbsp Gaillardia grandiflora Oranges and Lemons nbsp nbsp References edit Genus Gaillardia Foug Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture 1998 09 22 Retrieved 2011 02 10 Flann C ed 2009 Global Compositae Checklist Archived from the original on 2014 11 30 Retrieved 2014 11 27 Sunset Western Garden Book 1995 606 07 a b Gaillardia Integrated Taxonomic Information System Retrieved 2011 02 10 Fougeroux de Bondaroy Auguste Denis Observations sur la Physique sur L Histoire Naturelle et sur les Arts 29 55 1786 1 Fougeroux de Bondaroy Auguste Denis Memoires de l Academie Royale des Sciences Paris 1786 5 1788 2 Gaillardia grandiflora Missouri Botanical Garden Gaillardia Flora of North America School Colors Texas State University San Marcos a b c d GRIN Species Records of Gaillardia Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2011 02 10 Further reading edit nbsp Media related to Gaillardia at Wikimedia Commons Biddulph S F 1944 A revision of the genus Gaillardia Res Stud State Coll Wash 13 195 256 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gaillardia amp oldid 1177061778, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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