The Flora of Cape Verde includes the flowers and plants of Cape Verde, mostly native to the islands. There are about 240 species of plants.
Losna (Artemisia gorgonum), an endemic plant of Fogo IslandProsopis juliflora treeCynanchum daltonii, an endemic plant found in the islands except Sal and MaioEchium vulcanorum found only in Fogo's uppermost partsCapeverdean sagebrush (Artemisia gorgonum)Echium hypertropicum near Ribeira Principal in SantiagoCape Verde date palm (Phoenix atlantica)Lavandula rotundifoliaAsteriscus smithii (Nauplius smithii), an endemic plantTamarisk (Tamarix senegalensis), a tree plant grown mainly in sandy areas, places like Tarrafal on Santiago, Tarrafal de São Nicolau and Santo Antão's Tarrafal de Monte Trigo are named after the areas where the plant are found
In the process of development, many lands in the islands were converted to agricultural fields and several hundred varieties of herbaceous plant and tree species were introduced, resulting in depletion of the original vegetation. However, efforts are now underway at reforestation to improve the wildlife of Cape Verde, with reported planting of three million new trees every year (about 7000 per day), with pine, oak, sweet chestnut and acacia as the prominent varieties being planted.[1][2] Cape Verde is also one of the world's top ten coral reefBiodiversity hotspots.[3]
Historically, Cape Verde was probably not rich with greenery, although the evidence of the situation in earlier times is severely lacking.[4] When Cape Verde was first discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century, the wildlife consisted mainly of dry forests and scrub habitat, which underwent a sea change under the influence of the inhabitants of this then isolated and uninhabited group of islands. The endemic flora and fauna of the islands were disturbed and have now remained confined mostly in the mountain peaks, steep slopes and other inaccessible areas.[4] Vegetation in the islands is basically of the savannah or steppe type. There are trees typical of both temperate and tropical climates, depending on elevation. The flatter parts of the islands sustain semi-desert plants while the higher lands have arid shrubland.[4] The leeward slopes tend to contain desert, with a very sparse shrub cover, mostly thorny or toxic.[5] A number of xerophilous plants grow in the brackish subsoil of Maio, Sal, and Boa Vista.[5]
Here is a list of endangered flora in Cape Verde, of which 97 are ranked species and 19 are ranked subspecies. They belong to 62 genera and 28 families. Of which 50 of them are in the island of Santo Antão, 45 in São Nicolau, 38 in Santiago and 37 in Fogo. 80% of them are in the highlands.[7]
^(PDF). Earthtrends countryprofiles. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
^The Cape Verde Islands // Sociedade Caboverdiana de Zoologia
Sourcesedit
Cape Verdean Endemic Plants
Further readingedit
Brochmann, C., Rustan, O. H., Lobin, W. & Kilian, N. 1997. The endemic vascular plants of the Cape Verde Islands, W Africa. Sommerfeltia, 24: 1-356. (in English)
Isildo Gomes et al., Endemic plants and indigenous trees of the Cape Verde islands, Ministry of Environment, Agriculture and Fishery and the Projects "Conservation and Exploration of the Natural Resources on the Island Fogo" (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeitand) and « Conservation of Biodiversity », 2003, p. 36
Duarte, M. C., Rego, F., Romeiras, M. M. & Moreira, I. 2008. Plant species richness in the Cape Verde Islands — eco-geographical determinants. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17: 453–466. (in English)
Sunding, P. 1973. Endemism in the flora of the Cape Verde Islands, with special emphasis on the macaronesian flora elements. Monogr. Biol. Canar. 4: 112–117. (in English)
External linksedit
Cabo Verde // Living National Treasures
Endemic plants of the Cape Verde Islands
Les îles du Cap Vert : géographie, biogéographie, agriculture. Flore de l'archipel. Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, laboratoire d'agronomie coloniale, Paris 1935. (available on pdf via Tela Botanica) (in French)
(in Portuguese)
Endemic vascular plants of the Cape Verde Islands, W. Africa. Botanical Garden and Museum, University of Oslo. 1997. ISBN8274200330.
November 29, 2023
flora, cape, verde, includes, flowers, plants, cape, verde, mostly, native, islands, there, about, species, plants, losna, artemisia, gorgonum, endemic, plant, fogo, islandprosopis, juliflora, treecynanchum, daltonii, endemic, plant, found, islands, except, ma. The Flora of Cape Verde includes the flowers and plants of Cape Verde mostly native to the islands There are about 240 species of plants Losna Artemisia gorgonum an endemic plant of Fogo IslandProsopis juliflora treeCynanchum daltonii an endemic plant found in the islands except Sal and MaioEchium vulcanorum found only in Fogo s uppermost partsCapeverdean sagebrush Artemisia gorgonum Echium hypertropicum near Ribeira Principal in SantiagoCape Verde date palm Phoenix atlantica Lavandula rotundifoliaAsteriscus smithii Nauplius smithii an endemic plantTamarisk Tamarix senegalensis a tree plant grown mainly in sandy areas places like Tarrafal on Santiago Tarrafal de Sao Nicolau and Santo Antao s Tarrafal de Monte Trigo are named after the areas where the plant are foundContents 1 About the flora 2 List of endangered flora 3 Extinct flora 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External linksAbout the flora editIn the process of development many lands in the islands were converted to agricultural fields and several hundred varieties of herbaceous plant and tree species were introduced resulting in depletion of the original vegetation However efforts are now underway at reforestation to improve the wildlife of Cape Verde with reported planting of three million new trees every year about 7000 per day with pine oak sweet chestnut and acacia as the prominent varieties being planted 1 2 Cape Verde is also one of the world s top ten coral reef Biodiversity hotspots 3 Historically Cape Verde was probably not rich with greenery although the evidence of the situation in earlier times is severely lacking 4 When Cape Verde was first discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century the wildlife consisted mainly of dry forests and scrub habitat which underwent a sea change under the influence of the inhabitants of this then isolated and uninhabited group of islands The endemic flora and fauna of the islands were disturbed and have now remained confined mostly in the mountain peaks steep slopes and other inaccessible areas 4 Vegetation in the islands is basically of the savannah or steppe type There are trees typical of both temperate and tropical climates depending on elevation The flatter parts of the islands sustain semi desert plants while the higher lands have arid shrubland 4 The leeward slopes tend to contain desert with a very sparse shrub cover mostly thorny or toxic 5 A number of xerophilous plants grow in the brackish subsoil of Maio Sal and Boa Vista 5 There are 664 listed plant species which include two threatened species 6 Over 80 vascular plant taxa are reported to be endemic to Cape Verde these include Tornabenea Aeonium gorgoneum Campanula bravensis bellflower Asteriscus smithii Nauplius smithii Artemisia gorgonum sagebrush Sideroxylon marginatum Lotus jacobaeus Lavandula rotundifolia Cynanchum daltonii Euphorbia tuckeyana Polycarpaea gayi and Erysimum caboverdeanum wallflower 3 Several trees are indigenous such as the blue green flat topped dragon tree Dracaena draco Tamarix senegalensis Phoenix atlantica tamateira in the lagoons and deserts of Boavista the ironwood tree and a species of fig tree and Prosopis juliflora which locally is simply called acacia 4 As a result of extensive tree planting since 1975 there are pine trees oaks and sweet chestnuts on the cool peaks of Santo Antao eucalyptus on the heights of Fogo multiple neem trees in Sao Vicente and forests of acacia on Maio 5 List of endangered flora editHere is a list of endangered flora in Cape Verde of which 97 are ranked species and 19 are ranked subspecies They belong to 62 genera and 28 families Of which 50 of them are in the island of Santo Antao 45 in Sao Nicolau 38 in Santiago and 37 in Fogo 80 of them are in the highlands 7 No Species Family1 Aeonium gorgoneum Crassulaceae2 Aeonium webbii Crassulaceae3 Arenaria gorgonea Caryophyllaceae4 Aristida cardosoi Poaceae5 Aristida funiculata var paradoxa Poaceae6 Artemisia gorgonum Asteraceae7 Asparagus squarrosus Asparagaceae8 Asteriscus daltonii Asteraceae9 Asteriscus smithii Asteraceae10 Asteriscus vogelii Asteraceae11 Brachiaria lata subsp caboverdiana Poaceae12 Campanula bravensis Campanulaceae13 Campanula jacobaea Campanulaceae14 Campylanthus benthamii Plantaginaceae15 Campylanthus glaber subsp spathulatus Plantaginaceae16 Carex antoniensis Cyperaceae17 Carex paniculata subsp hansenii Cyperaceae20 Centaurium tenuiflorum subsp viridense Gentianaceae21 Chloris pilosa Poaceae22 Conyza feae Asteraceae23 Conyza pannosa Asteraceae24 Conyza schlechtendalii Asteraceae25 Conyza varia Asteraceae26 Cuscuta nothochlaena Convolvulaceae27 Cyphia stheno Campanulaceae28 Diplotaxis antoniensis Brassicaceae29 Diplotaxis gorgadensis Brassicaceae30 Diplotaxis gracilis Brassicaceae31 Diplotaxis glauca Brassicaceae32 Diplotaxis harra subsp harra Brassicaceae33 Diplotaxis hirta Brassicaceae34 Diplotaxis sundingii Brassicaceae35 Diplotaxis varia Brassicaceae36 Echium glabrescens Boraginaceae37 Echium hypertropicum Boraginaceae38 Echium stenosiphon subsp lindbergii Boraginaceae39 Echium vulcanorum Boraginaceae40 Enteropogon rupestris Poaceae41 Eragrostis concertii Poaceae42 Eragrostis insulatlantica Poaceae43 Erysimum caboverdeanum Brassicaceae44 Fagonia mayana Zygophyllaceae45 Fagonia sinaica var albiflora Zygophyllaceae46 Festuca gracilis Poaceae47 Forsskaolea procridifolia Urticaceae48 Forsskaolea viridis Urticaceae49 Frankenia ericifolia subsp caboverdeana Frankeniaceae50 Frankenia ericifolia subsp montana Frankeniaceae51 Globularia amygdalifolia Plantaginaceae52 Gongrothamnus bolleanus Asteraceae53 Gossypium capitis viridis Malvaceae54 Helianthemum gorgoneum Cistaceae55 Ipomoea sancti nicolai Convolvulaceae56 Ipomoea webbii Convolvulaceae57 Kickxia brunneri Plantaginaceae58 Kickxia elegans ssp dichondraefolia Plantaginaceae59 Kickxia elegans ssp elegans Plantaginaceae60 Kickxia elegans ssp webbiana Plantaginaceae61 Launaea gorgadensis Asteraceae62 Launaea intybacea Asteraceae63 Launaea melanostigma Asteraceae64 Launaea picridioides Asteraceae65 Launaea thalassica Asteraceae66 Lavendula stricta Lamiaceae67 Limonium braunii Plumbaginaceae68 Limonium brunneri Plumbaginaceae69 Limonium jovibarba Plumbaginaceae70 Limonium lobinii Plumbaginaceae71 Limonium sundingii Plumbaginaceae72 Linaria brunneri Plantaginaceae73 Lobularia canariensis subsp fruticosa Brassicaceae74 Lobularia canariensis subsp spathulata Brassicaceae75 Lotus arborescens Fabaceae76 Lotus brunneri Fabaceae77 Lotus jacobaeus Fabaceae78 Lotus latifolius Fabaceae79 Lotus purpureus Fabaceae80 Lythanthus amygdalifolius Plantaginaceae81 Melanoselinum insulare Apiaceae82 Nauplius daltonii Asteraceae83 Nauplius smithii Asteraceae84 Nervilia simplex Orchidaceae85 Odontospermum daltonii Asteraceae86 Odontospermum volgelii Asteraceae87 Papaver gorgoneum Papaveraceae88 Paronychia illecebroides Caryophyllaceae89 Periploca laevigata Apocynaceae90 Phagnalon melanoleucum Asteraceae91 Phoenix atlantica Arecaceae92 Pluchea bravae Asteraceae93 Polycarpaea gayi Caryophyllaceae94 Pulicaria burchardii Asteraceae95 Pulicaria diffusa Asteraceae96 Sarcostemma daltoniisyn of Cynanchum daltonii Apocynaceae97 Satureja forbesii Lamiaceae98 Sideroxylon marmulana var marginata Sapotaceae99 Sinapidendron decumbens Brassicaceae100 Sonchus daltonii Asteraceae101 Sporobolus minutus subsp confertus Poaceae102 Stachytarpheta cayennensis Urticaceae103 Stoechas rotundifolia Lamiaceae104 Tephrosia gorgonea Fabaceae105 Tithymalus tuckeyanus Euphorbiaceae106 Tolpis farinulosa Asteraceae107 Tolpis glandulifera Asteraceae108 Tornabenea annua Apiaceae109 Tornabenea bischoffii Apiaceae110 Tornabenea humilis Apiaceae111 Tornabenea insularis Apiaceae112 Tornabenea tenuissima Apiaceae113 Umbilicus schmidtii Crassulaceae114 Verbascum caboverdeanum Scrophulariaceae115 Verbascum capitis viridis Scrophulariaceae116 Verbascum cystolithicum ScrophulariaceaeExtinct flora editSpecies FamilyStachytarpheta fallax VerbenaceaeHabenaria petromedusa OrchidaceaeSee also editWildlife of Cape VerdeReferences edit Cape Verde Islands Birdlife International Retrieved 3 April 2011 Aisling Irwin Colum Wilson 25 March 2009 Cape Verde Islands Bradt Travel Guides pp 38 41 ISBN 978 1 84162 276 7 Retrieved 3 April 2011 a b Cape Verde Living National Treasures Retrieved 3 April 2011 a b c d Cape Verde Islands dry forests Terrestrial Ecoregions World Wildlife Fund Retrieved 3 April 2011 a b c Cape Verde Plant and animal life Encyclopaedia Britannica Retrieved 3 April 2011 Biodiversity and Protected Areas Cape Verde PDF Earthtrends countryprofiles Archived from the original PDF on 5 January 2011 Retrieved 3 April 2011 The Cape Verde Islands Sociedade Caboverdiana de ZoologiaSources editCape Verdean Endemic PlantsFurther reading editBrochmann C Rustan O H Lobin W amp Kilian N 1997 The endemic vascular plants of the Cape Verde Islands W Africa Sommerfeltia 24 1 356 in English Isildo Gomes et al Endemic plants and indigenous trees of the Cape Verde islands Ministry of Environment Agriculture and Fishery and the Projects Conservation and Exploration of the Natural Resources on the Island Fogo Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeitand and Conservation of Biodiversity 2003 p 36 Duarte M C Rego F Romeiras M M amp Moreira I 2008 Plant species richness in the Cape Verde Islands eco geographical determinants Biodiversity and Conservation 17 453 466 in English Sunding P 1973 Endemism in the flora of the Cape Verde Islands with special emphasis on the macaronesian flora elements Monogr Biol Canar 4 112 117 in English External links editCabo Verde Living National Treasures Endemic plants of the Cape Verde Islands Les iles du Cap Vert geographie biogeographie agriculture Flore de l archipel Museum national d histoire naturelle laboratoire d agronomie coloniale Paris 1935 available on pdf via Tela Botanica in French Endemic Plants and Indigenous Trees of Cape Verde Plantas endemicas e arvores indigenas de Cabo Verde in Portuguese Endemic vascular plants of the Cape Verde Islands W Africa Botanical Garden and Museum University of Oslo 1997 ISBN 8274200330 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Flora of Cape Verde amp oldid 1174391666, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
