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Falconiformes

January 01, 1970

The order Falconiformes (/fælˈkɒnɪˌfɔːrmiːz/) is represented by the extant family Falconidae (falcons and caracaras) and a handful of enigmatic Paleogene species. Traditionally, the other bird of prey families Cathartidae (New World vultures and condors), Sagittariidae (secretarybird), Pandionidae (ospreys), Accipitridae (hawks) were classified in Falconiformes. A variety of comparative genome analysis published since 2008, however, found that falcons are part of a clade of birds called Australaves, which also includes seriemas, parrots and passerines.[1][2][3] Within Australaves falcons are more closely related to the parrot-passerine clade (Psittacopasserae), which together they form the clade Eufalconimorphae.[4][2][3] The hawks and vultures occupy a basal branch in the clade Afroaves in their own clade Accipitrimorphae, closer to owls and woodpeckers.[1][2][3][5]

Falcons and caracaras
Temporal range: Early Eocene – Holocene, 55–0 Ma
Peregrine falcon
(Falco peregrinus)
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Eufalconimorphae
Order: Falconiformes
Sharpe, 1874
Subtaxa

†Antarctoboenus
?†Parvulivenator
?†Stintonornis
†Masillaraptoridae
Falconidae

See below cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Braun & Kimball (2021):[6]

Telluraves
Accipitrimorphae

Cathartiformes (New World vultures)

Accipitriformes (hawks and relatives)

Strigiformes (owls)

Coraciimorphae

Coliiformes (mouse birds)

Cavitaves

Leptosomiformes (cuckoo roller)

Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)

Picocoraciae
Australaves

Cariamiformes (seriemas)

Eufalconimorphae

Falconiformes (falcons)

Psittacopasserae

Psittaciformes (parrots)

Passeriformes (passerines)

The fossil record of Falconiformes sensu stricto is poorly documented. The only stem-falcons that have mostly complete remains are Masillaraptor parvunguis and Danielsraptor phorusrhacoides, while the other taxa Stintonornis mitchelli and Parvulivenator watteli are known from fragmentary remains.[7] Mayr (2009) noted the similarity of Masillaraptor to the seriemas. One study from Wang et al. (2012) using 30 nuclear loci from 28 taxa found Falconidae and Cariamidae being sister taxa to each other.[8] This has, however, not been supported by the latest major neoavian phylogenetic studies.[2][3][9][10][11][12][5] A 2022 study recovers massilaraptorids as true falcons.[13]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Hackett, Shannon J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Reddy, Sushma; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Cox, W. Andrew; et al. (2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–68. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. PMID 18583609. S2CID 6472805.
  2. ^ a b c d Jarvis, E.D.; et al. (2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. Bibcode:2014Sci...346.1320J. doi:10.1126/science.1253451. PMC 4405904. PMID 25504713.
  3. ^ a b c d Prum, Richard O.; Berv, Jacob S.; Dornberg, Alex; Field, Daniel J.; Townsend, Jeffrey P.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Lemmon, Alan R. (2015). "A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing". Nature. 526 (7574): 569–573. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..569P. doi:10.1038/nature15697. PMID 26444237. S2CID 205246158.
  4. ^ Alexander Suh; Martin Paus; Martin Kiefmann; Gennady Churakov; Franziska Anni Franke; Jürgen Brosius; Jan Ole Kriegs; Jürgen Schmitz (2011). "Mesozoic retroposons reveal parrots as the closest living relatives of passerine birds". Nature Communications. 2 (8): 443. Bibcode:2011NatCo...2..443S. doi:10.1038/ncomms1448. PMC 3265382. PMID 21863010.
  5. ^ a b Kuhl., H.; Frankl-Vilches, C.; Bakker, A.; Mayr, G.; Nikolaus, G.; Boerno, S. T.; Klages, S.; Timmermann, B.; Gahr, M. (2020). "An unbiased molecular approach using 3'UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 38: 108–127. doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa191. PMC 7783168. PMID 32781465.
  6. ^ Braun, E.L.; Kimball, R.T. (2021). "Data types and the phylogeny of Neoaves". Birds. 2 (1): 1–22. doi:10.3390/birds2010001.
  7. ^ Mayr, G. (2018). "Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Geographic Diversity of Diurnal Raptors: Falconiformes, Accipitriformes, and Cathartiformes". Birds of Prey. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 3–32. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73745-4_1. ISBN 978-3-540-89627-2.
  8. ^ Wang, N.; Braun, E. L.; Kimball, R. T. (2012). "Testing Hypotheses about the Sister Group of the Passeriformes Using an Independent 30-Locus Data Set". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 29 (2): 737–750. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr230. PMID 21940640.
  9. ^ Suh, Alexander (2016). "The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves". Zoologica Scripta. 45: 50–62. doi:10.1111/zsc.12213. ISSN 0300-3256.
  10. ^ Reddy, Sushma; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Pandey, Akanksha; Hosner, Peter A.; Braun, Michael J.; Hackett, Shannon J.; Han, Kin-Lan; Harshman, John; Huddleston, Christopher J.; Kingston, Sarah; Marks, Ben D.; Miglia, Kathleen J.; Moore, William S.; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Witt, Christopher C.; Yuri, Tamaki; Braun, Edward L. (2017). "Why Do Phylogenomic Data Sets Yield Conflicting Trees? Data Type Influences the Avian Tree of Life more than Taxon Sampling". Systematic Biology. 66 (5): 857–879. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syx041. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 28369655.
  11. ^ Braun, Edward L.; Cracraft, Joel; Houde, Peter (2019). "Resolving the Avian Tree of Life from Top to Bottom: The Promise and Potential Boundaries of the Phylogenomic Era". Avian Genomics in Ecology and Evolution. pp. 151–210. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16477-5_6. ISBN 978-3-030-16476-8. S2CID 198399272.
  12. ^ Houde, Peter; Braun, Edward L.; Narula, Nitish; Minjares, Uriel; Mirarab, Siavash (2019). "Phylogenetic Signal of Indels and the Neoavian Radiation". Diversity. 11 (7): 108. doi:10.3390/d11070108. ISSN 1424-2818.
  13. ^ Mayr, Gerald; Kitchener, Andrew C. (2022). "New fossils from the London Clay show that the Eocene Masillaraptoridae are stem group representatives of falcons (Aves, Falconiformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (6): e2083515. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.2083515. S2CID 250402777.


 

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January 01, 1970
falconiformes, order, ɔːr, represented, extant, family, falconidae, falcons, caracaras, handful, enigmatic, paleogene, species, traditionally, other, bird, prey, families, cathartidae, world, vultures, condors, sagittariidae, secretarybird, pandionidae, osprey. The order Falconiformes f ae l ˈ k ɒ n ɪ ˌ f ɔːr m iː z is represented by the extant family Falconidae falcons and caracaras and a handful of enigmatic Paleogene species Traditionally the other bird of prey families Cathartidae New World vultures and condors Sagittariidae secretarybird Pandionidae ospreys Accipitridae hawks were classified in Falconiformes A variety of comparative genome analysis published since 2008 however found that falcons are part of a clade of birds called Australaves which also includes seriemas parrots and passerines 1 2 3 Within Australaves falcons are more closely related to the parrot passerine clade Psittacopasserae which together they form the clade Eufalconimorphae 4 2 3 The hawks and vultures occupy a basal branch in the clade Afroaves in their own clade Accipitrimorphae closer to owls and woodpeckers 1 2 3 5 Falcons and caracarasTemporal range Early Eocene Holocene 55 0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Clade Eufalconimorphae Order FalconiformesSharpe 1874 Subtaxa Antarctoboenus Parvulivenator Stintonornis Masillaraptoridae Falconidae See below cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Braun amp Kimball 2021 6 Telluraves Accipitrimorphae Cathartiformes New World vultures Accipitriformes hawks and relatives Strigiformes owls Coraciimorphae Coliiformes mouse birds Cavitaves Leptosomiformes cuckoo roller Trogoniformes trogons and quetzals Picocoraciae Bucerotiformes hornbills and relatives Picodynastornithes Coraciiformes kingfishers and relatives Piciformes woodpeckers and relatives Australaves Cariamiformes seriemas Eufalconimorphae Falconiformes falcons Psittacopasserae Psittaciformes parrots Passeriformes passerines The fossil record of Falconiformes sensu stricto is poorly documented The only stem falcons that have mostly complete remains are Masillaraptor parvunguis and Danielsraptor phorusrhacoides while the other taxa Stintonornis mitchelli and Parvulivenator watteli are known from fragmentary remains 7 Mayr 2009 noted the similarity of Masillaraptor to the seriemas One study from Wang et al 2012 using 30 nuclear loci from 28 taxa found Falconidae and Cariamidae being sister taxa to each other 8 This has however not been supported by the latest major neoavian phylogenetic studies 2 3 9 10 11 12 5 A 2022 study recovers massilaraptorids as true falcons 13 References edit a b Hackett Shannon J Kimball Rebecca T Reddy Sushma Bowie Rauri C K Braun Edward L Braun Michael J Chojnowski Jena L Cox W Andrew et al 2008 A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History Science 320 5884 1763 68 Bibcode 2008Sci 320 1763H doi 10 1126 science 1157704 PMID 18583609 S2CID 6472805 a b c d Jarvis E D et al 2014 Whole genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds Science 346 6215 1320 1331 Bibcode 2014Sci 346 1320J doi 10 1126 science 1253451 PMC 4405904 PMID 25504713 a b c d Prum Richard O Berv Jacob S Dornberg Alex Field Daniel J Townsend Jeffrey P Lemmon Emily Moriarty Lemmon Alan R 2015 A comprehensive phylogeny of birds Aves using targeted next generation DNA sequencing Nature 526 7574 569 573 Bibcode 2015Natur 526 569P doi 10 1038 nature15697 PMID 26444237 S2CID 205246158 Alexander Suh Martin Paus Martin Kiefmann Gennady Churakov Franziska Anni Franke Jurgen Brosius Jan Ole Kriegs Jurgen Schmitz 2011 Mesozoic retroposons reveal parrots as the closest living relatives of passerine birds Nature Communications 2 8 443 Bibcode 2011NatCo 2 443S doi 10 1038 ncomms1448 PMC 3265382 PMID 21863010 a b Kuhl H Frankl Vilches C Bakker A Mayr G Nikolaus G Boerno S T Klages S Timmermann B Gahr M 2020 An unbiased molecular approach using 3 UTRs resolves the avian family level tree of life Molecular Biology and Evolution 38 108 127 doi 10 1093 molbev msaa191 PMC 7783168 PMID 32781465 Braun E L Kimball R T 2021 Data types and the phylogeny of Neoaves Birds 2 1 1 22 doi 10 3390 birds2010001 Mayr G 2018 Phylogeny Taxonomy and Geographic Diversity of Diurnal Raptors Falconiformes Accipitriformes and Cathartiformes Birds of Prey Berlin Heidelberg Springer pp 3 32 doi 10 1007 978 3 319 73745 4 1 ISBN 978 3 540 89627 2 Wang N Braun E L Kimball R T 2012 Testing Hypotheses about the Sister Group of the Passeriformes Using an Independent 30 Locus Data Set Molecular Biology and Evolution 29 2 737 750 doi 10 1093 molbev msr230 PMID 21940640 Suh Alexander 2016 The phylogenomic forest of bird trees contains a hard polytomy at the root of Neoaves Zoologica Scripta 45 50 62 doi 10 1111 zsc 12213 ISSN 0300 3256 Reddy Sushma Kimball Rebecca T Pandey Akanksha Hosner Peter A Braun Michael J Hackett Shannon J Han Kin Lan Harshman John Huddleston Christopher J Kingston Sarah Marks Ben D Miglia Kathleen J Moore William S Sheldon Frederick H Witt Christopher C Yuri Tamaki Braun Edward L 2017 Why Do Phylogenomic Data Sets Yield Conflicting Trees Data Type Influences the Avian Tree of Life more than Taxon Sampling Systematic Biology 66 5 857 879 doi 10 1093 sysbio syx041 ISSN 1063 5157 PMID 28369655 Braun Edward L Cracraft Joel Houde Peter 2019 Resolving the Avian Tree of Life from Top to Bottom The Promise and Potential Boundaries of the Phylogenomic Era Avian Genomics in Ecology and Evolution pp 151 210 doi 10 1007 978 3 030 16477 5 6 ISBN 978 3 030 16476 8 S2CID 198399272 Houde Peter Braun Edward L Narula Nitish Minjares Uriel Mirarab Siavash 2019 Phylogenetic Signal of Indels and the Neoavian Radiation Diversity 11 7 108 doi 10 3390 d11070108 ISSN 1424 2818 Mayr Gerald Kitchener Andrew C 2022 New fossils from the London Clay show that the Eocene Masillaraptoridae are stem group representatives of falcons Aves Falconiformes Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 41 6 e2083515 doi 10 1080 02724634 2021 2083515 S2CID 250402777 nbsp This bird related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Falconiformes amp oldid 1191988477, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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