Exploitation of natural resources started to emerge on an industrial scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of raw materials (such as in mining, steam power, and machinery) developed much further than it had in preindustrial areas. During the 20th century, energy consumption rapidly increased. Today, about 80% of the world's energy consumption is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels, which consists of oil, coal and natural gas.[3]
Increase in the sophistication of technology enabling natural resources to be extracted quickly and efficiently. E.g., in the past, it could take long hours just to cut down one tree only using saws. Due to increased technology, rates of deforestation have greatly increased.[5]
The number of humans is increasing. According to the UN, the world population was 7.6 billion in 2017. This number is expected to rise to about 10 billion in 2050 and about 11 billion in 2100.[6]
Cultures of consumerism. Materialistic views lead to the mining of gold and diamonds to produce jewelry, unnecessary commodities for human life or advancement. Consumerism also leads to extraction of resources for the production of commodities necessary for human life but in amounts excessive of what is needed, because people consume more than is necessary or waste what they have.
Excessive demand often leads to conflicts due to intense competition. Organizations such as Global Witness and the United Nations have documented the connection.
Lack of awareness among the population is striking. People are not aware of ways to reduce depletion and exploitation of materials.[7]
When a mining company enters in a developing country in the global south to extract raw materials, advocating the advantages of the industry's presence and minimizing the potential negative effects gain cooperation of the local people. Advantageous factors are primarily in economic development so services that the government could not provide such as health centers, police departments and schools can be established.[10] However, with economic development, money becomes a dominant subject of interest. This can bring about major conflicts that a local community in a developing country has never dealt with before.[11] These conflicts emerge by a change to more egocentric views among the locals influenced by consumerist values.[12]
The effects of the exploitation of natural resources in the local community of a developing country are exhibited in the impacts from the Ok Tedi Mine. After BHP entered into Papua New Guinea to exploit copper and gold, the economy of the indigenous peoples boomed. Although their quality of life has improved, initially disputes were common among the locals in terms of land rights and who should be getting the benefits from the mining project.[13] The consequences of the Ok Tedi environmental disaster illustrate the potential negative effects from the exploitation of natural resources. The resulting mining pollution includes toxic contamination of the natural water supply for communities along the Ok Tedi River, causing widespread killing of aquatic life. When a mining company ends a project after extracting the raw materials from an area of a developing country, the local people are left to manage with the environmental damage done to their community and the long run sustainability of the economic benefits stimulated by the mining company's presence becomes a concern.[14]
^Cronin, Hemang . (2011). "Natural Resources and the Development-Environment Dilemma 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine." Exploiting Natural Resources. The Henry L. Stimson Centre. p. 63.
^Mittal, Ishwar; Gupta, Ravi Kumar (30 September 2015). "Natural Resources Depletion and Economic Growth in Present Era". SOCH- Mastnath Journal of Science & Technology (BMU, Rohtak) (ISSN: 0976-7312). Rochester, NY. 10 (3). SSRN 2920080 – via SSRN.
^Planas, Florent. . Un An Pour La Planete. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
^ abMcNicoll, Geoffrey (2007). (PDF). Handbook of Sustainable Development. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 125–39. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-11. Retrieved 2012-03-13.
^Sabogal, Cesar; Nasi, Robert (2005). Restoring Overlogged Tropical Forests. In: Forest Restoration in Landscapes. Springer, New York, NY. pp. 361–369. doi:10.1007/0-387-29112-1_52. ISBN978-0-387-29112-3.
^"World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-06-25.
^Pimentel, David; Pimentel, Marcia (September 2006). "Global environmental resources versus world population growth". Ecological Economics. 59 (2): 195–198. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.034.
^Shvidenko, A. (2008-01-01), "Deforestation", in Jørgensen, Sven Erik; Fath, Brian D. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Ecology, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 853–859, ISBN978-0-08-045405-4, retrieved 2023-02-08
^Sorrell, Steve; Speirs, Jamie; Bentley, Roger; Brandt, Adam; Miller, Richard (September 2010). "Global oil depletion: A review of the evidence". Energy Policy. Special Section on Carbon Emissions and Carbon Management in Cities with Regular Papers. 38 (9): 5290–5295. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.04.046. ISSN 0301-4215 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
^Pedro, Antonio M.A. (2004). Mainstreaming Mineral Wealth in Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategies. Economic Commission for Africa. pp. 5–6. ISBN9789211250978. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
^Pegg, Scott (January 2006). "Mining and poverty reduction: Transforming rhetoric into reality". Journal of Cleaner Production. 14 (3–4): 376–387. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.06.006.
^Weber-Fahr, M.; Strongman, J.; Kunanayagam, R.; McMahon, G.; Sheldon, C. (2001). "Mining and Poverty Reduction". Noord Internationaal WB PRSP Sourcebook. pp. 4–6. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
^Bray, John (2003). "Attracting Reputable Companies to Risky Environments: Petroleum and Mining Companies". Natural Resources and Conflict: Options and Actions. World Bank Publications. pp. 287–347. ISBN9780821355039. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
^Brereton, D.; Forbes, P. (2004). (PDF). CSRM. pp. 12–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2012-03-22.
October 21, 2023
exploitation, natural, resources, exploitable, economic, exploitation, redirect, here, other, uses, exploitation, disambiguation, exploitation, destruction, natural, resources, natural, resources, economic, growth, sometimes, with, negative, connotation, accom. Exploitable and Economic exploitation redirect here For other uses see Exploitation disambiguation The exploitation or destruction of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth 1 sometimes with a negative connotation of accompanying environmental degradation Environmental degradation can result from depletion of natural resources this would be accompanied by negative effects to the economic growth of the effected areas 2 TimberExploitation of natural resources started to emerge on an industrial scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of raw materials such as in mining steam power and machinery developed much further than it had in preindustrial areas During the 20th century energy consumption rapidly increased Today about 80 of the world s energy consumption is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels which consists of oil coal and natural gas 3 Another non renewable resource that is exploited by humans is subsoil minerals such as precious metals that are mainly used in the production of industrial commodities Intensive agriculture is an example of a mode of production that hinders many aspects of the natural environment for example the degradation of forests in a terrestrial ecosystem and water pollution in an aquatic ecosystem 4 As the world population rises and economic growth occurs the depletion of natural resources influenced by the unsustainable extraction of raw materials becomes an increasing concern 4 Contents 1 Why resources are under pressure 2 Consequences of exploitation of resources 3 Effects on local communities 3 1 The Global South 4 See also 5 ReferencesWhy resources are under pressure EditIncrease in the sophistication of technology enabling natural resources to be extracted quickly and efficiently E g in the past it could take long hours just to cut down one tree only using saws Due to increased technology rates of deforestation have greatly increased 5 The number of humans is increasing According to the UN the world population was 7 6 billion in 2017 This number is expected to rise to about 10 billion in 2050 and about 11 billion in 2100 6 Cultures of consumerism Materialistic views lead to the mining of gold and diamonds to produce jewelry unnecessary commodities for human life or advancement Consumerism also leads to extraction of resources for the production of commodities necessary for human life but in amounts excessive of what is needed because people consume more than is necessary or waste what they have Excessive demand often leads to conflicts due to intense competition Organizations such as Global Witness and the United Nations have documented the connection Lack of awareness among the population is striking People are not aware of ways to reduce depletion and exploitation of materials 7 Consequences of exploitation of resources EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Exploitation of natural resources news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Natural resources are not limitless and the following consequences can arise from the careless and excessive consumption of these resources Deforestation 8 Desertification Decrease in natural resources Extinction of species Forced migration Soil erosion Oil depletion 9 Ozone depletion Greenhouse gas increase Extreme energy Water gasification Natural hazard Natural disaster Metals and minerals depletion Effects on local communities EditThe Global South Edit nbsp Human Resources Macon Georgia 1909When a mining company enters in a developing country in the global south to extract raw materials advocating the advantages of the industry s presence and minimizing the potential negative effects gain cooperation of the local people Advantageous factors are primarily in economic development so services that the government could not provide such as health centers police departments and schools can be established 10 However with economic development money becomes a dominant subject of interest This can bring about major conflicts that a local community in a developing country has never dealt with before 11 These conflicts emerge by a change to more egocentric views among the locals influenced by consumerist values 12 The effects of the exploitation of natural resources in the local community of a developing country are exhibited in the impacts from the Ok Tedi Mine After BHP entered into Papua New Guinea to exploit copper and gold the economy of the indigenous peoples boomed Although their quality of life has improved initially disputes were common among the locals in terms of land rights and who should be getting the benefits from the mining project 13 The consequences of the Ok Tedi environmental disaster illustrate the potential negative effects from the exploitation of natural resources The resulting mining pollution includes toxic contamination of the natural water supply for communities along the Ok Tedi River causing widespread killing of aquatic life When a mining company ends a project after extracting the raw materials from an area of a developing country the local people are left to manage with the environmental damage done to their community and the long run sustainability of the economic benefits stimulated by the mining company s presence becomes a concern 14 See also EditInternational Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict List of environmental issues Agents of deterioration Biodiversity loss Deforestation Ecocide Environmental protection Habitat destruction Human impact on the environment Land degradation Myth of superabundance Nature based solutions Over consumption Overexploitation Resource depletion Spaceship Earth SustainabilityReferences Edit Cronin Hemang 2011 Natural Resources and the Development Environment Dilemma Archived 2016 03 05 at the Wayback Machine Exploiting Natural Resources The Henry L Stimson Centre p 63 Mittal Ishwar Gupta Ravi Kumar 30 September 2015 Natural Resources Depletion and Economic Growth in Present Era SOCH Mastnath Journal of Science amp Technology BMU Rohtak ISSN 0976 7312 Rochester NY 10 3 SSRN 2920080 via SSRN Planas Florent The Exploitation of Natural Resources Un An Pour La Planete Archived from the original on 12 November 2012 Retrieved 22 March 2012 a b McNicoll Geoffrey 2007 Population and Sustainability PDF Handbook of Sustainable Development Edward Elgar Publishing pp 125 39 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 03 11 Retrieved 2012 03 13 Sabogal Cesar Nasi Robert 2005 Restoring Overlogged Tropical Forests In Forest Restoration in Landscapes Springer New York NY pp 361 369 doi 10 1007 0 387 29112 1 52 ISBN 978 0 387 29112 3 World Population Prospects Population Division United Nations esa un org Retrieved 2018 06 25 Pimentel David Pimentel Marcia September 2006 Global environmental resources versus world population growth Ecological Economics 59 2 195 198 doi 10 1016 j ecolecon 2005 11 034 Shvidenko A 2008 01 01 Deforestation in Jorgensen Sven Erik Fath Brian D eds Encyclopedia of Ecology Oxford Academic Press pp 853 859 ISBN 978 0 08 045405 4 retrieved 2023 02 08 Sorrell Steve Speirs Jamie Bentley Roger Brandt Adam Miller Richard September 2010 Global oil depletion A review of the evidence Energy Policy Special Section on Carbon Emissions and Carbon Management in Cities with Regular Papers 38 9 5290 5295 doi 10 1016 j enpol 2010 04 046 ISSN 0301 4215 via Elsevier Science Direct Pedro Antonio M A 2004 Mainstreaming Mineral Wealth in Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategies Economic Commission for Africa pp 5 6 ISBN 9789211250978 Retrieved 20 March 2012 Pegg Scott January 2006 Mining and poverty reduction Transforming rhetoric into reality Journal of Cleaner Production 14 3 4 376 387 doi 10 1016 j jclepro 2004 06 006 Weber Fahr M Strongman J Kunanayagam R McMahon G Sheldon C 2001 Mining and Poverty Reduction Noord Internationaal WB PRSP Sourcebook pp 4 6 Retrieved 20 March 2012 Bray John 2003 Attracting Reputable Companies to Risky Environments Petroleum and Mining Companies Natural Resources and Conflict Options and Actions World Bank Publications pp 287 347 ISBN 9780821355039 Retrieved 2012 03 12 Brereton D Forbes P 2004 Monitoring the Impact of Mining on Local Communities A Hunter Valley Case Study PDF CSRM pp 12 13 Archived from the original PDF on 2018 05 17 Retrieved 2012 03 22 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Exploitation of natural resources amp oldid 1170689046, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
