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Edward Bellamy

January 24, 2023

For the banker and Lord Mayor of London, see Edward Bellamy (banker).

Edward Bellamy (March 26, 1850 – May 22, 1898) was an American author, journalist, and political activist most famous for his utopian novel Looking Backward. Bellamy's vision of a harmonious future world inspired the formation of numerous "Nationalist Clubs" dedicated to the propagation of his political ideas.

Edward Bellamy
Edward Bellamy, circa 1889
Born(1850-03-26)March 26, 1850
Chicopee, Massachusetts, US
DiedMay 22, 1898(1898-05-22) (aged 48)
Chicopee, Massachusetts, US
OccupationAuthor
Signature
Website
edwardbellamyhouse.org

After working as a journalist and writing several unremarkable novels, Bellamy published Looking Backward in 1888. It was one of the most commercially successful[citation needed] books published in the United States in the 19th century, and it especially appealed to a generation of intellectuals alienated from the alleged dark side of the Gilded Age. In the early 1890s, Bellamy established a newspaper known as The New Nation and began to promote united action between the various Nationalist Clubs and the emerging Populist Party. He published Equality, a sequel to Looking Backward, in 1897, and died the following year.

Biography

Early years

Edward Bellamy was born in Chicopee, Massachusetts. His father was Rufus King Bellamy (1816–1886), a Baptist minister and a descendant of Joseph Bellamy.[1] His mother, Maria Louisa Putnam Bellamy, was a Calvinist.[2] She was the daughter of a Baptist minister named Benjamin Putnam, who was forced to withdraw from the ministry in Salem, Massachusetts, following objections to his becoming a Freemason.[3]

Bellamy attended public school at Chicopee Falls before leaving for Union College of Schenectady, New York, where he studied for just two semesters.[1] Upon leaving school, he made his way to Europe for a year, spending extensive time in Germany.[1] He briefly studied law but abandoned that field without ever having practiced as a lawyer, instead entering the world of journalism. In this capacity Bellamy briefly served on the staff of the New York Post before returning to his native Massachusetts to take a position at the Springfield Union.[1]

At the age of 25, Bellamy developed tuberculosis, the disease that would ultimately kill him.[1] He suffered with its effects throughout his adult life. In an effort to regain his health, Bellamy spent a year in the Hawaiian Islands (1877 to 1878).[1] Returning to the United States, he decided to abandon the daily grind of journalism in favor of literary work, which put fewer demands upon his time and his health.[1]

Bellamy married Emma Augusta Sanderson in 1882. The couple had two children.

Literary career

Bellamy's early novels, including Six to One (1878), Dr. Heidenhoff's Process (1880), and Miss Ludington's Sister (1885), were unremarkable works, making use of standard psychological plots.[4]

A turn to utopian science fiction with Looking Backward, 2000–1887, published in January 1888, captured the public imagination and catapulted Bellamy to literary fame.[1] Its publisher could scarcely keep up with demand. Within a year it had sold some 200,000 copies, and by the end of the 19th century had sold more copies than any other book published in America up to that time except for Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe and Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ by Lew Wallace.[5] The book gained an extensive readership in the United Kingdom as well, more than 235,000 copies being sold there between 1890 and 1935.[6]

In Looking Backward, a non-violent revolution had transformed the American economy and thereby society; private property had been abolished in favor of state ownership of capital and the elimination of social classes and the ills of society that he thought inevitably followed from them.[7] In the new world of the year 2000, there was no longer war, poverty, crime, prostitution, corruption, money, or taxes.[7] Neither did there exist such occupations seen by Bellamy as of dubious worth to society, such as politicians, lawyers, merchants, or soldiers.[7] Instead, Bellamy's utopian society of the future was based upon the voluntary employment of all citizens between the ages of 21 and 45, after which time all would retire.[7] Work was simple, aided by machine production, working hours short and vacation time long.[7] The new economic basis of society effectively remade human nature itself in Bellamy's idyllic vision, with greed, maliciousness, untruthfulness, and insanity all relegated to the past.[7]

Bellamyite movement

Bellamy's book inspired legions of inspired readers to establish so-called Nationalist Clubs, beginning in Boston late in 1888.[8] His vision of a country relieved of its social ills through abandonment of the principle of competition and establishment of state ownership of industry proved an appealing panacea to a generation of intellectuals alienated from the dark side of Gilded Age America. By 1891 it was reported that no fewer than 162 Nationalist Clubs were in existence.[9]

Bellamy's use of the term "Nationalism" rather than "socialism" as a descriptor of his governmental vision was calculated, as he did not want to limit either sales of his novel or the potential influence of its political ideas.[10] In an 1888 letter to literary critic William Dean Howells, Bellamy wrote:

Every sensible man will admit there is a big deal in a name, especially in making first impressions. In the radicalness of the opinions I have expressed, I may seem to out-socialize the socialists, yet the word socialist is one I never could well stomach. In the first place it is a foreign word in itself, and equally foreign in all its suggestions. It smells to the average American of petroleum, suggests the red flag, and with all manner of sexual novelties, and an abusive tone about God and religion, which in this country we at least treat with respect. [...] [W]hatever German and French reformers may choose to call themselves, socialist is not a good name for a party to succeed with in America. No such party can or ought to succeed that is not wholly and enthusiastically American and patriotic in spirit and suggestions.[11]

Bellamy himself came to actively participate in the political movement which emerged around his book, particularly after 1891 when he founded his own magazine, The New Nation, and began to promote united action between the various Nationalist Clubs and the emerging People's Party.[12] For the next three and a half years, Bellamy gave his all to politics, publishing his magazine, working to influence the platform of the People's Party, and publicizing the Nationalist movement in the popular press. This phase of his life came to an end in 1894, when The New Nation was forced to suspend publication owing to financial difficulties.[13]

With the key activists of the Nationalist Clubs largely absorbed into the apparatus of the People's Party (although a Nationalist Party did run three candidates for office in Wisconsin as late as 1896[14]), Bellamy abandoned politics for a return to literature. He set to work on a sequel to Looking Backward titled Equality, attempting to deal with the ideal society of the post-revolutionary future in greater detail. In this final work, he addressed the question of feminism, dealing with the taboo subject of female reproductive rights in a future, post-revolutionary America.[15] Other subjects overlooked in Looking Backward, such as animal rights and wilderness preservation, were dealt with in a similar context.[15] The book saw print in 1897 and would prove to be Bellamy's final creation.

Several short stories of Bellamy's were published in 1898, and The Duke of Stockbridge; a Romance of Shays' Rebellion was published in 1900.

Death and legacy

Edward Bellamy died of tuberculosis in Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts. He was 48 years old.

His lifelong home in Chicopee Falls, built by his father,[16] was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1971.[17]

Bellamy was the cousin of Francis Bellamy, famous for creation of the Pledge of Allegiance.

Bellamy Road, a residential road in Toronto, is named for the author.

Published works

Novels

Short stories

  • "At Pinney's Ranch"
  • "The Blindman's World"
  • "Deserted"
  • "An Echo Of Antietam"
  • "Hooking Watermelons"
  • "Lost"
  • "A Love Story Reversed"
  • "The Old Folks' Party"
  • "A Positive Romance"
  • "Potts's Painless Cure"
  • "A Summer Evening's Dream"
  • "To Whom This May Come"
  • "Two Days' Solitary Imprisonment"
  • "With The Eyes Shut"

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Howard Quint, The Forging of American Socialism: Origins of the Modern Movement: The Impact of Socialism on American Thought and Action, 1886–1901. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1953; p. 74.
  2. ^ "Edward Bellamy". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  3. ^ Joseph Schiffman, "Edward Bellamy's Religious Thought", Transactions and Proceedings of the Modern Language Association of America, vol. 68, no. 4 (Sep. 1953), p. 716.
  4. ^ Quint, The Forging of American Socialism, pp. 74–75.
  5. ^ Arthur E. Morgan, Edward Bellamy. New York: Columbia University Press, 1944; pp. 148, 252.
  6. ^ Bowman, The Year 2000, p. 121.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Franklin Rosemont, "Edward Bellamy (1850–98)," in Mari Jo Buhle, Paul Buhle, and Dan Georgakas (eds.), Encyclopedia of the American Left. First Edition. New York: Garland Publishing, 1990; p. 80.
  8. ^ William D.P. Bliss and Rudolph M. Binder (eds.), The New Encyclopedia of Social Reform. New Edition. New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1908; pp. 810–812.
  9. ^ Morris Hillquit, History of Socialism in the United States. Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition. New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1910; p. 289.
  10. ^ Sylvia E. Bowman, The Year 2000: A Critical Biography of Edward Bellamy. New York: Bookman Associates, 1958; p. 114.
  11. ^ Bellamy to Howells, June 17, 1888, quoted in Bowman, The Year 2000, p. 114.
  12. ^ Arthur Lipow, Authoritarian Socialism in America: Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1982; p. 30.
  13. ^ Lipow, Authoritarian Socialism in America, p. 31.
  14. ^ "Casson, Henry, ed. The blue book of the state of Wisconsin 1897 Madison, 1897; pp. 656, 657, 663".
  15. ^ a b Rosemont, "Edward Bellamy (1850–1898)," p. 82.
  16. ^ "A Noted Writer's Abode: The Home of Edward Bellamy at Chicopee Falls, Mass.", Harrisburg [PA] The Daily Telegraph, July 19, 1890, p. 4.
  17. ^ "Edward Bellamy House: National Historic Landmark summary listing", National Park Service, tps.cr.nps.gov/ October 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography

  • Six to One: A Nantucket Idyl. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1878.
  • Dr. Heidenhoff's Process. London: William Reeves, 1880.
  • Miss Ludington's Sister: A Romance of Immorality. Boston: James R. Osgoode and Co., 1885.
  • Looking Backward, 2000–1887. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1889.
  • "How I Came to Write Looking Backward", The Nationalist (Boston), vol. 1, no. 1 (May 1889), pp. 1–4.
  • Plutocracy or Nationalism – Which?
  • Principles and Purposes of Nationalism: Edward Bellamy's Address at Tremont Temple, Boston, on the Nationalist Club's First Anniversary, Dec. 19, 1889. Philadelphia: Bureau of Nationalist Literature, n.d. [1890].
  • The Programme of the Nationalists. Philadelphia: Bureau of Nationalist Literature, 1894. —First published in The Forum, March 1894.
  • Equality. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1898.
  • The Blindman's World and Other Stories. William Dean Howells, intro. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1898.
  • The Duke of Stockbridge: A Romance of Shays' Rebellion. New York: Silver, Burdett and Co., 1900.
  • Edward Bellamy: Selected Writings on Religion and Society. Joseph Schiffman (ed.) New York: Liberal Arts Press, 1955.
  • Apparitions of Things to Come: Edward Bellamy's Tales of Mystery & Imagination. Franklin Rosemont, ed. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Company, 1990.

Further reading

  • Sylvia E. Bowman, Edward Bellamy Abroad: An American Prophet's Influence. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1962.
  • Sylvia E. Bowman, The Year 2000: A Critical Biography Of Edward Bellamy. New York: Bookman Associates, 1958.
  • John Dewey, "A Great American Prophet", Common Sense, April 1934, pp. 1–4.
  • Louis Filler, "Edward Bellamy and the Spiritual Unrest," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, vol. 8, no. 3 (April 1949), pp. 239–249. In JSTOR
  • Arthur Lipow, Authoritarian Socialism in America: Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1982
  • Fernando Alberto Lizarraga. “Equality, Liberty, and Fraternity: The Relevance of Edward Bellamy’s Utopia for Contemporary Political Theory.” Utopian Studies 31, no. 3 (2021): 512–31.
  • Everett W. MacNair, Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement, 1889 to 1894: A Research Study of Edward Bellamy's Work as a Social Reformer. Milwaukee, WI: Fitzgerald Co., 1957.
  • Arthur E. Morgan, Edward Bellamy. New York: Columbia University Press, 1944.
  • Arthur E. Morgan, The Philosophy of Edward Bellamy. King's Crown Press, 1945.
  • Daphne Patai (ed.), Looking Backward, 1988–1888: Essays on Edward Bellamy. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988.
  • Jean Pfaelzer, The Utopian Novel in America, 1886–1896: The Politics of Form. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1985.
  • Robertson, Michael, 'Edward Bellamy’s Orderly Utopia', The Last Utopians: Four Late Nineteenth-Century Visionaries and Their Legacy (Princeton, NJ, 2018; online edn, Princeton Scholarship Online, 24 Jan. 2019), https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154169.003.0003,
  • Elizabeth Sadler, "One Book's Influence: Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward" New England Quarterly, vol. 17 (Dec. 1944), pp. 530–555.
  • Robert L. Shurter, "The Literary Work of Edward Bellamy", American Literature, vol. 5, no. 3 (Nov. 1933), pp. 229–234.
  • Ida M. Tarbell, "New Dealers of the 'Seventies: Henry George and Edward Bellamy", The Forum, vol. 92, no. 3 (Sept. 1934), p. 157.
  • John Thomas, Alternative America: Henry George, Edward Bellamy, Henry Demarest Lloyd and the Adversary Tradition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983.
  • Richard Toby Widdicombe, Edward Bellamy: An Annotated Bibliography of Secondary Criticism. New York: Garland Publishing, 1988.
  • Frances E. Willard, "An Interview with Edward Bellamy", Our Day, vol. 4, no. 24 (Dec. 1889), pp. 539–542.

External links

January 24, 2023
edward, bellamy, banker, lord, mayor, london, banker, march, 1850, 1898, american, author, journalist, political, activist, most, famous, utopian, novel, looking, backward, bellamy, vision, harmonious, future, world, inspired, formation, numerous, nationalist,. For the banker and Lord Mayor of London see Edward Bellamy banker Edward Bellamy March 26 1850 May 22 1898 was an American author journalist and political activist most famous for his utopian novel Looking Backward Bellamy s vision of a harmonious future world inspired the formation of numerous Nationalist Clubs dedicated to the propagation of his political ideas Edward BellamyEdward Bellamy circa 1889Born 1850 03 26 March 26 1850Chicopee Massachusetts USDiedMay 22 1898 1898 05 22 aged 48 Chicopee Massachusetts USOccupationAuthorSignatureWebsiteedwardbellamyhouse wbr orgAfter working as a journalist and writing several unremarkable novels Bellamy published Looking Backward in 1888 It was one of the most commercially successful citation needed books published in the United States in the 19th century and it especially appealed to a generation of intellectuals alienated from the alleged dark side of the Gilded Age In the early 1890s Bellamy established a newspaper known as The New Nation and began to promote united action between the various Nationalist Clubs and the emerging Populist Party He published Equality a sequel to Looking Backward in 1897 and died the following year Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early years 1 2 Literary career 2 Bellamyite movement 2 1 Death and legacy 3 Published works 3 1 Novels 3 2 Short stories 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 Further reading 8 External linksBiography EditEarly years Edit Edward Bellamy was born in Chicopee Massachusetts His father was Rufus King Bellamy 1816 1886 a Baptist minister and a descendant of Joseph Bellamy 1 His mother Maria Louisa Putnam Bellamy was a Calvinist 2 She was the daughter of a Baptist minister named Benjamin Putnam who was forced to withdraw from the ministry in Salem Massachusetts following objections to his becoming a Freemason 3 Bellamy attended public school at Chicopee Falls before leaving for Union College of Schenectady New York where he studied for just two semesters 1 Upon leaving school he made his way to Europe for a year spending extensive time in Germany 1 He briefly studied law but abandoned that field without ever having practiced as a lawyer instead entering the world of journalism In this capacity Bellamy briefly served on the staff of the New York Post before returning to his native Massachusetts to take a position at the Springfield Union 1 At the age of 25 Bellamy developed tuberculosis the disease that would ultimately kill him 1 He suffered with its effects throughout his adult life In an effort to regain his health Bellamy spent a year in the Hawaiian Islands 1877 to 1878 1 Returning to the United States he decided to abandon the daily grind of journalism in favor of literary work which put fewer demands upon his time and his health 1 Bellamy married Emma Augusta Sanderson in 1882 The couple had two children Literary career Edit Bellamy s early novels including Six to One 1878 Dr Heidenhoff s Process 1880 and Miss Ludington s Sister 1885 were unremarkable works making use of standard psychological plots 4 A turn to utopian science fiction with Looking Backward 2000 1887 published in January 1888 captured the public imagination and catapulted Bellamy to literary fame 1 Its publisher could scarcely keep up with demand Within a year it had sold some 200 000 copies and by the end of the 19th century had sold more copies than any other book published in America up to that time except for Uncle Tom s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe and Ben Hur A Tale of the Christ by Lew Wallace 5 The book gained an extensive readership in the United Kingdom as well more than 235 000 copies being sold there between 1890 and 1935 6 In Looking Backward a non violent revolution had transformed the American economy and thereby society private property had been abolished in favor of state ownership of capital and the elimination of social classes and the ills of society that he thought inevitably followed from them 7 In the new world of the year 2000 there was no longer war poverty crime prostitution corruption money or taxes 7 Neither did there exist such occupations seen by Bellamy as of dubious worth to society such as politicians lawyers merchants or soldiers 7 Instead Bellamy s utopian society of the future was based upon the voluntary employment of all citizens between the ages of 21 and 45 after which time all would retire 7 Work was simple aided by machine production working hours short and vacation time long 7 The new economic basis of society effectively remade human nature itself in Bellamy s idyllic vision with greed maliciousness untruthfulness and insanity all relegated to the past 7 Bellamyite movement EditBellamy s book inspired legions of inspired readers to establish so called Nationalist Clubs beginning in Boston late in 1888 8 His vision of a country relieved of its social ills through abandonment of the principle of competition and establishment of state ownership of industry proved an appealing panacea to a generation of intellectuals alienated from the dark side of Gilded Age America By 1891 it was reported that no fewer than 162 Nationalist Clubs were in existence 9 Bellamy s use of the term Nationalism rather than socialism as a descriptor of his governmental vision was calculated as he did not want to limit either sales of his novel or the potential influence of its political ideas 10 In an 1888 letter to literary critic William Dean Howells Bellamy wrote Every sensible man will admit there is a big deal in a name especially in making first impressions In the radicalness of the opinions I have expressed I may seem to out socialize the socialists yet the word socialist is one I never could well stomach In the first place it is a foreign word in itself and equally foreign in all its suggestions It smells to the average American of petroleum suggests the red flag and with all manner of sexual novelties and an abusive tone about God and religion which in this country we at least treat with respect W hatever German and French reformers may choose to call themselves socialist is not a good name for a party to succeed with in America No such party can or ought to succeed that is not wholly and enthusiastically American and patriotic in spirit and suggestions 11 Bellamy himself came to actively participate in the political movement which emerged around his book particularly after 1891 when he founded his own magazine The New Nation and began to promote united action between the various Nationalist Clubs and the emerging People s Party 12 For the next three and a half years Bellamy gave his all to politics publishing his magazine working to influence the platform of the People s Party and publicizing the Nationalist movement in the popular press This phase of his life came to an end in 1894 when The New Nation was forced to suspend publication owing to financial difficulties 13 With the key activists of the Nationalist Clubs largely absorbed into the apparatus of the People s Party although a Nationalist Party did run three candidates for office in Wisconsin as late as 1896 14 Bellamy abandoned politics for a return to literature He set to work on a sequel to Looking Backward titled Equality attempting to deal with the ideal society of the post revolutionary future in greater detail In this final work he addressed the question of feminism dealing with the taboo subject of female reproductive rights in a future post revolutionary America 15 Other subjects overlooked in Looking Backward such as animal rights and wilderness preservation were dealt with in a similar context 15 The book saw print in 1897 and would prove to be Bellamy s final creation Several short stories of Bellamy s were published in 1898 and The Duke of Stockbridge a Romance of Shays Rebellion was published in 1900 Death and legacy Edit Edward Bellamy died of tuberculosis in Chicopee Falls Massachusetts He was 48 years old His lifelong home in Chicopee Falls built by his father 16 was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1971 17 Bellamy was the cousin of Francis Bellamy famous for creation of the Pledge of Allegiance Bellamy Road a residential road in Toronto is named for the author Published works EditNovels Edit Six to One 1878 Dr Heidenhoff s Process 1880 Miss Ludington s Sister 1885 Looking Backward 2000 1887 1888 Equality 1897 The Duke of Stockbridge a Romance of Shays Rebellion 1900 Short stories Edit At Pinney s Ranch The Blindman s World Deserted An Echo Of Antietam Hooking Watermelons Lost A Love Story Reversed The Old Folks Party A Positive Romance Potts s Painless Cure A Summer Evening s Dream To Whom This May Come Two Days Solitary Imprisonment With The Eyes Shut See also EditNationalist Clubs The Nationalist Equality Colony Dutch Bellamy Party Monument to credit cardReferences Edit a b c d e f g h Howard Quint The Forging of American Socialism Origins of the Modern Movement The Impact of Socialism on American Thought and Action 1886 1901 Columbia SC University of South Carolina Press 1953 p 74 Edward Bellamy Spartacus Educational Retrieved December 15 2016 Joseph Schiffman Edward Bellamy s Religious Thought Transactions and Proceedings of the Modern Language Association of America vol 68 no 4 Sep 1953 p 716 Quint The Forging of American Socialism pp 74 75 Arthur E Morgan Edward Bellamy New York Columbia University Press 1944 pp 148 252 Bowman The Year 2000 p 121 a b c d e f Franklin Rosemont Edward Bellamy 1850 98 in Mari Jo Buhle Paul Buhle and Dan Georgakas eds Encyclopedia of the American Left First Edition New York Garland Publishing 1990 p 80 William D P Bliss and Rudolph M Binder eds The New Encyclopedia of Social Reform New Edition New York Funk and Wagnalls 1908 pp 810 812 Morris Hillquit History of Socialism in the United States Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition New York Funk and Wagnalls 1910 p 289 Sylvia E Bowman The Year 2000 A Critical Biography of Edward Bellamy New York Bookman Associates 1958 p 114 Bellamy to Howells June 17 1888 quoted in Bowman The Year 2000 p 114 Arthur Lipow Authoritarian Socialism in America Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement Berkeley CA University of California Press 1982 p 30 Lipow Authoritarian Socialism in America p 31 Casson Henry ed The blue book of the state of Wisconsin 1897 Madison 1897 pp 656 657 663 a b Rosemont Edward Bellamy 1850 1898 p 82 A Noted Writer s Abode The Home of Edward Bellamy at Chicopee Falls Mass Harrisburg PA The Daily Telegraph July 19 1890 p 4 Edward Bellamy House National Historic Landmark summary listing National Park Service tps cr nps gov Archived October 2 2012 at the Wayback MachineBibliography EditSix to One A Nantucket Idyl New York G P Putnam s Sons 1878 Dr Heidenhoff s Process London William Reeves 1880 Miss Ludington s Sister A Romance of Immorality Boston James R Osgoode and Co 1885 Looking Backward 2000 1887 Boston Houghton Mifflin Co 1889 How I Came to Write Looking Backward The Nationalist Boston vol 1 no 1 May 1889 pp 1 4 Plutocracy or Nationalism Which Principles and Purposes of Nationalism Edward Bellamy s Address at Tremont Temple Boston on the Nationalist Club s First Anniversary Dec 19 1889 Philadelphia Bureau of Nationalist Literature n d 1890 The Programme of the Nationalists Philadelphia Bureau of Nationalist Literature 1894 First published in The Forum March 1894 Equality New York D Appleton amp Co 1898 The Blindman s World and Other Stories William Dean Howells intro Boston Houghton Mifflin and Co 1898 The Duke of Stockbridge A Romance of Shays Rebellion New York Silver Burdett and Co 1900 Edward Bellamy Selected Writings on Religion and Society Joseph Schiffman ed New York Liberal Arts Press 1955 Apparitions of Things to Come Edward Bellamy s Tales of Mystery amp Imagination Franklin Rosemont ed Chicago Charles H Kerr Publishing Company 1990 Further reading EditSylvia E Bowman Edward Bellamy Abroad An American Prophet s Influence New York Twayne Publishers 1962 Sylvia E Bowman The Year 2000 A Critical Biography Of Edward Bellamy New York Bookman Associates 1958 John Dewey A Great American Prophet Common Sense April 1934 pp 1 4 Louis Filler Edward Bellamy and the Spiritual Unrest American Journal of Economics and Sociology vol 8 no 3 April 1949 pp 239 249 In JSTOR Arthur Lipow Authoritarian Socialism in America Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement Berkeley CA University of California Press 1982 Fernando Alberto Lizarraga Equality Liberty and Fraternity The Relevance of Edward Bellamy s Utopia for Contemporary Political Theory Utopian Studies 31 no 3 2021 512 31 Everett W MacNair Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement 1889 to 1894 A Research Study of Edward Bellamy s Work as a Social Reformer Milwaukee WI Fitzgerald Co 1957 Arthur E Morgan Edward Bellamy New York Columbia University Press 1944 Arthur E Morgan The Philosophy of Edward Bellamy King s Crown Press 1945 Daphne Patai ed Looking Backward 1988 1888 Essays on Edward Bellamy Amherst MA University of Massachusetts Press 1988 Jean Pfaelzer The Utopian Novel in America 1886 1896 The Politics of Form Pittsburgh PA University of Pittsburgh Press 1985 Robertson Michael Edward Bellamy s Orderly Utopia The Last Utopians Four Late Nineteenth Century Visionaries and Their Legacy Princeton NJ 2018 online edn Princeton Scholarship Online 24 Jan 2019 https doi org 10 23943 princeton 9780691154169 003 0003 Elizabeth Sadler One Book s Influence Edward Bellamy s Looking Backward New England Quarterly vol 17 Dec 1944 pp 530 555 Robert L Shurter The Literary Work of Edward Bellamy American Literature vol 5 no 3 Nov 1933 pp 229 234 Ida M Tarbell New Dealers of the Seventies Henry George and Edward Bellamy The Forum vol 92 no 3 Sept 1934 p 157 John Thomas Alternative America Henry George Edward Bellamy Henry Demarest Lloyd and the Adversary Tradition Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1983 Richard Toby Widdicombe Edward Bellamy An Annotated Bibliography of Secondary Criticism New York Garland Publishing 1988 Frances E Willard An Interview with Edward Bellamy Our Day vol 4 no 24 Dec 1889 pp 539 542 External links EditEdward Bellamy at Wikipedia s sister projects Media from Commons Quotations from Wikiquote Texts from Wikisource Data from Wikidata Works by Edward Bellamy at Project Gutenberg Works by Edward Bellamy at Faded Page Canada Edward Bellamy Archive at marxists org Works by or about Edward Bellamy at Internet Archive Works by Edward Bellamy at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edward Bellamy amp oldid 1134437163, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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