fbpx
Wikipedia

Edible flower

January 01, 1970

Edible flowers are flowers that can be consumed safely. Flowers may be eaten as vegetables as a main part of a meal, or may be used as herbs. Flowers are part of many regional cuisines, including Asian, European, and Middle Eastern cuisines.[1]

Blue borage is used as a sweet-flavored garnish

Species edit

Main article: List of edible flowers
 
Moringa oleifera flowers are a popular food item on the Indian subcontinent
 
The Vietnamese dish gỏi bông điên điển và tép đồng with Sesbania bispinosa flowers
 
Snapdragons
 
Cichorium intybus
 
Cornflower

A number of foods are types of flowers or are derived from parts of flowers. The costly spice saffron consists of the stigmas and styles collected from the inside of a type of crocus flower. Broccoli, artichokes, and capers are all technically flower buds, albeit immature forms.[2] Other parts of the plants than the flowers mentioned in this list may be poisonous.

Flowers reported as edible include:[1]

Toxicity edit

Some flowers are safe to eat only in small amounts. Apple flowers (Malus spp.) contain cyanide precursors, and Johnny jump-ups (Viola tricolor) contain saponins. Borage (Borago officinalis) and daylily (Hemerocallis spp.) flowers are diuretics, and sweet woodruff (Galium odoratum) can have blood-thinning effects. The flowers of linden trees (Tilia spp.) are reportedly "safe in small amounts", but heavy consumption can cause heart damage. Marigolds (Tagetes spp.) can be harmful in large amounts, and only certain species have an appealing flavor.[1]

Toxic flowers are easily mistaken for edible varieties, and unrelated safe and unsafe species may share a common name. Various non-toxic plants can cause severe allergies in some people. Flowers cultivated as ornamental plants for garden use are not intended for use as food.[8]

Uses edit

 
Chocolate cake with candied violets

Edible flowers are added to foods to provide flavor, aroma, and decoration. They can be eaten as part of a main dish or be incorporated into salads or cakes.[9] Flowers can be added to beverages as flavorings, or be used to make beverages such as tisanes and wines. They are added to spreads such as butter or fruit preserves, and to vinegar, marinades, and dressings.[1][8]

Flowers are also consumed for sustenance.[1] Many flowers that are technically edible can be far from palatable.[10] An example of a species with flowers that are of high nutritional value is the dandelion, whose flowers are shown to contain high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants and possess anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties.[11]

For the best flavor, flowers should be fresh and harvested early in the day. Wilted and faded flowers and the unopened buds of most species can be unpleasant and often bitter. The taste and color of nectar widely vary between different species of flower; consequently, honey may vary in color and taste depending on the species of flower. Many flowers can be eaten whole, but some have bitter parts, such as the stamens and stems.[8]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Lauderdale, C. and E. Evans. Edible Flowers. 2013-10-22 at the Wayback Machine Horticulture Information Leaflet 8513. North Carolina State University. 1999.
  2. ^ "Edible Flowers". Waterfields. Retrieved 2015-03-04.
  3. ^ "Acacia flowers—a potent cough mixture". European Union Development Fund. Archived from the original on 2014-11-22. Retrieved 2014-05-13.
  4. ^ "Acacia flower fritters". Morrison, Médoc, France. 29 May 2013.
  5. ^ "Frittelle di Fiori d'Acacia (Black Locust Flower Pancakes)". Cooking and traveling in Italy.
  6. ^ "ACACIA FLOWER FRITTERS". Tatty Apron. 3 June 2013.
  7. ^ "Riaperta la stagione della cacia". Unazebrapois. 2012.
  8. ^ a b c Newman, S. E. and A. S. O'Connor. Edible Flowers. 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine Colorado State University Extension. 2013.
  9. ^ https://www.rocketgardens.co.uk/growing-using-edible-flowers-2/
  10. ^ Coyle, G. Edible Flowers. 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine University of Minnesota Extension Service. Reviewed 1999.
  11. ^ "Is the Healthiest Part of Dandelion Its Flower?". 17 April 2014.

Further reading edit

  • Barash, C. W. Edible Flowers from Garden to Palate. Golden: Fulcrum Publishing, 1993.
  • Brown, K. Flowerpower. New York: Anness Publishing Limited, 2000.
  • Mead, C. and E. Tolley. A Potpourri of Pansies. New York: Clarkson Potter Publishers, 1993.
  • Strowbridge, C. and F. Tillona. A Feast of Flowers. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1969.

External links edit

  • Edible Flowers. University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension. 2012.
  • Jauron, R., et al. Edible Flowers. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach. 2013.
  • Levitt, B. Cooking with edible flowers. San Diego Union-Tribune March 26, 2013.

January 01, 1970
edible, flower, flowers, that, consumed, safely, flowers, eaten, vegetables, main, part, meal, used, herbs, flowers, part, many, regional, cuisines, including, asian, european, middle, eastern, cuisines, blue, borage, used, sweet, flavored, garnish, contents, . Edible flowers are flowers that can be consumed safely Flowers may be eaten as vegetables as a main part of a meal or may be used as herbs Flowers are part of many regional cuisines including Asian European and Middle Eastern cuisines 1 Blue borage is used as a sweet flavored garnish Contents 1 Species 2 Toxicity 3 Uses 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksSpecies editMain article List of edible flowers nbsp Moringa oleifera flowers are a popular food item on the Indian subcontinent nbsp The Vietnamese dish gỏi bong đien điển va tep đồng with Sesbania bispinosa flowers nbsp Snapdragons nbsp Cichorium intybus nbsp Cornflower A number of foods are types of flowers or are derived from parts of flowers The costly spice saffron consists of the stigmas and styles collected from the inside of a type of crocus flower Broccoli artichokes and capers are all technically flower buds albeit immature forms 2 Other parts of the plants than the flowers mentioned in this list may be poisonous Flowers reported as edible include 1 American elderberry Sambucus canadensis Anise hyssop Agastache foeniculum Arugula Eruca sativa Artichoke Cynara scolymus Banana blossom Basil Ocimum basilicum Bean Phaseolus vulgaris Bergamot Monarda didyma Black locust only flowers The flowers are used as tea and in pancakes 3 Flowers are consumed as fritters in many parts of Europe 4 5 6 7 Broccoli Brassica oleracea var italica Broussonetia kurzii Butterfly pea Clitoria ternatea Cauliflower Brassica oleracea Chamomile Chamaemelum nobile Chervil Anthriscus cerefolium Chinese hibiscus Hibiscus rosa sinensis Chives Allium schoenoprasum Chicory Cichorium intybus Chickweed Stellaria Media Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum spp Cornflower Centaurea cyanus Cosmos C Sulphureus C Bipinatus Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Dianthus Dianthus spp Dill Anethum graveolens English marigold Calendula officinalis English daisy Bellis perennis Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Geranium Pelargonium spp Hollyhock Alcea rosea Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica but not any other honeysuckle Its berries are highly poisonous Lavender Lavandula spp Lilac Syringa vulgaris Lovage Levisticum officinale Maguey flower Agave spp Mangrove trumpet tree Dolichandrone spathacea Markhamia stipulata similar to the Mangrove trumpet tree flower and sometimes confused with it Mint Mentha spp Nasturtium Tropaeolum majus Okra Abelmoschus esculentus nbsp Chinese flower cakes common filling include rose jasmine wisteria among others Passionflower Passiflora spp Pineapple sage Salvia elegans Red clover Trifolium pratense Rose Rosa spp Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis Sage Salvia officinalis Sesbania grandiflora the most popular edible flower in South Asia and Southeast Asia Snapdragon Antirrhinum majus Squash Cucurbita pepo Sunflower Helianthus annuus Thyme Thymus vulgaris Violet Viola odorata Toxicity editSome flowers are safe to eat only in small amounts Apple flowers Malus spp contain cyanide precursors and Johnny jump ups Viola tricolor contain saponins Borage Borago officinalis and daylily Hemerocallis spp flowers are diuretics and sweet woodruff Galium odoratum can have blood thinning effects The flowers of linden trees Tilia spp are reportedly safe in small amounts but heavy consumption can cause heart damage Marigolds Tagetes spp can be harmful in large amounts and only certain species have an appealing flavor 1 Toxic flowers are easily mistaken for edible varieties and unrelated safe and unsafe species may share a common name Various non toxic plants can cause severe allergies in some people Flowers cultivated as ornamental plants for garden use are not intended for use as food 8 Uses edit nbsp Chocolate cake with candied violets Edible flowers are added to foods to provide flavor aroma and decoration They can be eaten as part of a main dish or be incorporated into salads or cakes 9 Flowers can be added to beverages as flavorings or be used to make beverages such as tisanes and wines They are added to spreads such as butter or fruit preserves and to vinegar marinades and dressings 1 8 Flowers are also consumed for sustenance 1 Many flowers that are technically edible can be far from palatable 10 An example of a species with flowers that are of high nutritional value is the dandelion whose flowers are shown to contain high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants and possess anti inflammatory and anti angiogenic properties 11 For the best flavor flowers should be fresh and harvested early in the day Wilted and faded flowers and the unopened buds of most species can be unpleasant and often bitter The taste and color of nectar widely vary between different species of flower consequently honey may vary in color and taste depending on the species of flower Many flowers can be eaten whole but some have bitter parts such as the stamens and stems 8 See also editKitchen garden Hwajeon a small sweet pancake made with edible flower petalsReferences edit a b c d e Lauderdale C and E Evans Edible Flowers Archived 2013 10 22 at the Wayback Machine Horticulture Information Leaflet 8513 North Carolina State University 1999 Edible Flowers Waterfields Retrieved 2015 03 04 Acacia flowers a potent cough mixture European Union Development Fund Archived from the original on 2014 11 22 Retrieved 2014 05 13 Acacia flower fritters Morrison Medoc France 29 May 2013 Frittelle di Fiori d Acacia Black Locust Flower Pancakes Cooking and traveling in Italy ACACIA FLOWER FRITTERS Tatty Apron 3 June 2013 Riaperta la stagione della cacia Unazebrapois 2012 a b c Newman S E and A S O Connor Edible Flowers Archived 2015 09 24 at the Wayback Machine Colorado State University Extension 2013 https www rocketgardens co uk growing using edible flowers 2 Coyle G Edible Flowers Archived 2013 10 29 at the Wayback Machine University of Minnesota Extension Service Reviewed 1999 Is the Healthiest Part of Dandelion Its Flower 17 April 2014 Further reading editBarash C W Edible Flowers from Garden to Palate Golden Fulcrum Publishing 1993 Brown K Flowerpower New York Anness Publishing Limited 2000 Mead C and E Tolley A Potpourri of Pansies New York Clarkson Potter Publishers 1993 Strowbridge C and F Tillona A Feast of Flowers New York Funk amp Wagnalls 1969 External links editEdible Flowers University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension 2012 Jauron R et al Edible Flowers Iowa State University Extension and Outreach 2013 Levitt B Cooking with edible flowers San Diego Union Tribune March 26 2013 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Edible flower amp oldid 1222655937, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.