Potassium silicate is the name for a family of inorganic compounds. The most common potassium silicate has the formula K2SiO3, samples of which contain varying amounts of water. These are white solids or colorless solutions.[1]
Potassium silicate can be synthesized in the laboratory by treating silica with potassium hydroxide, according to this idealized equation:
These solutions are highly alkaline. Addition of acids causes the reformation of silica.
K2SiO3 adopts a chain or cyclic structures with interlinked SiO32− monomers. Each Si is tetrahedral.
Usesedit
Woodwork protection against fireedit
Impregnation of wood with a potassium silicate solution is an easy and low cost way for rendering the woodwork of houses secure against catching fire. The woodwork is first saturated with a diluted and nearly neutral solution of potash silicate. After drying, one or two coats of a more concentrated solution are usually applied.[2]
Horticultureedit
In horticulture, potassium silicate is used as a soluble source of potassium and silica. It makes the growing medium more alkaline.
It is also used as a supplement (in conjunction with normal fertilizer) for the numerous benefits that increasing the availability of silicon compounds has. Silicon-containing compounds are valuable to a plant, and serve to support the plant. Stems thicken, the plant becomes more tolerant to drought and resists wilting, and the plant gets larger leaves and fruit (because the stem can support more weight).[3] The thicker cell walls of the plant also provides an added mechanical resistance to sap sucking insects (e.g. spider mite) and various pathogenic fungi (e.g. powdery mildew).
Industrial usesedit
Some metal cleaning formulations use potassium silicate, which also serves as a corrosion inhibitor.[4] It also finds various uses in the fabrication of welding rods or even of cosmetics.
Silicon Dioxide productionedit
Potassium silicate may also be employed in the glass recycling as an intermediate step in obtaining relatively pure and cheap SiO2 for further processing (e.g. for fused glass).[5]
^Gerard Lagaly, Werner Tufar, A. Minihan, A. Lovell "Silicates" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_661
^Cobleigh, Rolfe (1909). Handy farm devices and how to make them. Part II: Worth knowing to render wood fireproof. New York: Orange Judd.
^S. Y. Wang & G. J. Galletta (1998) Foliar application of potassium silicate induces metabolic changes in strawberry plants, Journal of Plant Nutrition, 21:1, 157-167, doi:10.1080/01904169809365390
^Elmore AR (2005). "Final report on the safety assessment of potassium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and sodium silicate". Int. J. Toxicol. 24 (Suppl 1): 103–17. doi:10.1080/10915810590918643. PMID 15981734. S2CID 208153862.
^Mori, H. (2003-08-01). "Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide". Journal of Materials Science. 38 (16): 3461–3468. doi:10.1023/A:1025100901693. ISSN 1573-4803.
^Mori, H. (2003-08-01). "Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide". Journal of Materials Science. 38 (16): 3461–3468. doi:10.1023/A:1025100901693. ISSN 1573-4803.
External linksedit
February 25, 2024
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Potassium silicate is the name for a family of inorganic compounds The most common potassium silicate has the formula K2SiO3 samples of which contain varying amounts of water These are white solids or colorless solutions 1 Potassium silicate NamesPreferred IUPAC name Potassium metasilicateOther names Liquid glass WaterglassIdentifiersCAS Number 1312 76 1 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageChemSpider 59585 YECHA InfoCard 100 029 989EC Number 233 001 1E number E560 acidity regulators PubChem CID 66200UNII J86L1GUL6K YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID20893092InChI InChI 1S 2K O3Si c 1 4 2 3 q2 1 2 YKey NNHHDJVEYQHLHG UHFFFAOYSA N YInChI 1 2K O3Si c 1 4 2 3 q2 1 2Key NNHHDJVEYQHLHG UHFFFAOYAPSMILES K K O Si O OPropertiesChemical formula K 2O 3SiMolar mass 154 279 g mol 1Appearance White crystalsHazardsGHS labelling PictogramsSignal word DangerHazard statements H314 H335Precautionary statements P260 P261 P264 P271 P280 P301 P330 P331 P303 P361 P353 P304 P340 P305 P351 P338 P310 P312 P321 P363 P403 P233 P405 P501NFPA 704 fire diamond 100Related compoundsOther anions Potassium carbonatePotassium germanatePotassium stannatePotassium plumbateOther cations Sodium silicateExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa N verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Synthesis structure reactions 2 Uses 2 1 Woodwork protection against fire 2 2 Horticulture 2 3 Industrial uses 2 4 Silicon Dioxide production 3 Safety 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksSynthesis structure reactions editPotassium silicate can be synthesized in the laboratory by treating silica with potassium hydroxide according to this idealized equation n SiO 2 2 KOH K 2 O n SiO 2 H 2 O displaystyle ce mathit n SiO2 2KOH gt K2O mathit n SiO2 H2O nbsp These solutions are highly alkaline Addition of acids causes the reformation of silica K2SiO3 adopts a chain or cyclic structures with interlinked SiO32 monomers Each Si is tetrahedral Uses editWoodwork protection against fire edit Impregnation of wood with a potassium silicate solution is an easy and low cost way for rendering the woodwork of houses secure against catching fire The woodwork is first saturated with a diluted and nearly neutral solution of potash silicate After drying one or two coats of a more concentrated solution are usually applied 2 Horticulture edit In horticulture potassium silicate is used as a soluble source of potassium and silica It makes the growing medium more alkaline It is also used as a supplement in conjunction with normal fertilizer for the numerous benefits that increasing the availability of silicon compounds has Silicon containing compounds are valuable to a plant and serve to support the plant Stems thicken the plant becomes more tolerant to drought and resists wilting and the plant gets larger leaves and fruit because the stem can support more weight 3 The thicker cell walls of the plant also provides an added mechanical resistance to sap sucking insects e g spider mite and various pathogenic fungi e g powdery mildew Industrial uses edit Some metal cleaning formulations use potassium silicate which also serves as a corrosion inhibitor 4 It also finds various uses in the fabrication of welding rods or even of cosmetics Silicon Dioxide production edit Potassium silicate may also be employed in the glass recycling as an intermediate step in obtaining relatively pure and cheap SiO2 for further processing e g for fused glass 5 Safety editPotassium silicate is strongly alkaline 6 See also editSodium silicate Silica gelReferences edit Gerard Lagaly Werner Tufar A Minihan A Lovell Silicates in Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley VCH 2005 doi 10 1002 14356007 a23 661 Cobleigh Rolfe 1909 Handy farm devices and how to make them Part II Worth knowing to render wood fireproof New York Orange Judd S Y Wang amp G J Galletta 1998 Foliar application of potassium silicate induces metabolic changes in strawberry plants Journal of Plant Nutrition 21 1 157 167 doi 10 1080 01904169809365390 Elmore AR 2005 Final report on the safety assessment of potassium silicate sodium metasilicate and sodium silicate Int J Toxicol 24 Suppl 1 103 17 doi 10 1080 10915810590918643 PMID 15981734 S2CID 208153862 Mori H 2003 08 01 Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide Journal of Materials Science 38 16 3461 3468 doi 10 1023 A 1025100901693 ISSN 1573 4803 Mori H 2003 08 01 Extraction of silicon dioxide from waste colored glasses by alkali fusion using potassium hydroxide Journal of Materials Science 38 16 3461 3468 doi 10 1023 A 1025100901693 ISSN 1573 4803 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Potassium silicate amp oldid 1150160806, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
