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Diplomatic impact of the 2023 Israel–Hamas war

December 01, 2023

The 2023 Israel–Hamas war sparked a major diplomatic crisis, with many countries around the world reacting strongly to the conflict that affected the momentum of regional relations.[1] At least nine countries took the drastic step of recalling their ambassadors and cutting diplomatic ties with Israel.[2][3]

Severance and recall of diplomatic relations

At least nine countries, including Jordan, Bahrain, Turkey, Colombia, Honduras, Chile, Belize, South Africa and Chad, have recalled their ambassadors to Israel or severed ties altogether. The measures were taken in response to Israel's conflict with Hamas, citing humanitarian concerns about the escalating conflict.[4][5][6][7]

South and Central America

Further information: Bolivia–Israel relations, Chile–Israel relations, Colombia–Israel relations, and Belize–Israel relations

Several South American countries filed diplomatic protests against Israel in response to the conflict with Hamas. On the afternoon of Israel's 31 October airstrike on the Jabalia refugee camp, Bolivia severed all diplomatic ties with Israel,[8][9] attributing its decision to alleged war crimes and human rights violations in the Gaza Strip. Chile and Colombia also recalled their ambassadors.[10] Belize suspended diplomatic relations with Israel.[11]

The Honduran President Xiomara Castro announced the recall of its ambassador on 4 November, shortly after the country's ministry of foreign affairs stated that "Honduras energetically condemns the genocide and serious violations of international humanitarian law that the civilian Palestinian population is suffering in the Gaza Strip".[12]

West Asia

Further information: Bahrain–Israel relations, Israel–Jordan relations, and Israel–Turkey relations

Jordan

Jordan, a major U.S. ally in the Middle East, recalled its ambassador on 1 November, as an "expression of Jordan’s position of rejection and condemnation of the raging Israeli war on Gaza, which is killing innocent people and causing an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe."[12] Likewise, Jordan added that the ambassador of Israel who had departed Amman (the capital city) following Hamas' attack, won't be permitted to return.[13][14]

In November 2023, the prime minister of Jordan, said that Jordan was considering all available options in its response to the Israeli aggression on Gaza and its subsequent consequences.[15][16] He argued that Israel's blockade of the heavily-populated Gaza Strip could not be justified as self-defense, and criticised the indiscriminate Israeli assault, which had included safe zones and ambulances in its targets.[17][18]

Bahrain

Bahrain's National Assembly suspended diplomatic and economic relations on 2 November,[19] citing a "solid and historical stance that supports the Palestinian cause and the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people."[20][21] Israel said they had no prior knowledge of the decision.[22]

Turkey

Turkey recalled its ambassador to Israel over the humanitarian crisis caused by Israel's continued attacks on civilians in Gaza on 4 November.[23] Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has announced that he is cutting off all contact with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.[24]

Africa

Further information: Israel–South Africa relations and Chad–Israel relations

South Africa

South Africa recalled its entire diplomatic mission on 6 November and criticized Israel's ambassador for disparaging those "opposing the atrocities and genocide of the Israeli government".[25] On 21 November, Israel recalled its ambassador in South Africa for "consultation" just hours before South African parliament was due vote on whether to close or suspend Israeli embassy in the country.[26][27] The vote came through in favour of the suspending diplomatic ties and shutting the embassy.[28]

Chad

Chad also recalled its ambassador on 6 November, noting that it condemned "the loss of human lives of many innocent civilians and calls for a ceasefire leading to a lasting solution to the Palestinian question".[12]

Peace process and recognition of Palestine

Main articles: Israeli–Palestinian peace process and Two-state solution

On 18 November, U.S. President Joe Biden said that after the war, "Gaza and the West Bank should be reunited under a single governance structure, ultimately under a revitalized Palestinian Authority, as we all work toward a two-state solution".[29]

Spanish Foreign Minister José Manuel Albares stated Spain was in favor of recognizing the State of Palestine within a short-term timeframe.[30] Belgium’s Minister of Development Cooperation Caroline Gennez stated Belgium was also considering recognizing the state of Palestine.[31] In an op-ed in the Financial Times, European chief diplomat Josep Borrell stated the two-state solution was the "best security guarantee" for Israel.[32] Biden stated the United States would "not give up" on the two-state solution.[33] Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated, "I am the only one who will prevent a Palestinian state in Gaza and [the West Bank] after the war."[34]

Other impacts

China

The war tested China's strategy of 'balanced diplomacy' in the Middle East. Polarization over the conflict made it difficult to maintain Beijing's strategic Middle East vision.[35][36][37]

Global South

Western support for Israel's invasion of Gaza has led to wide divisions with the Global South. This has resulted in a growing negative perception of "double standards" and the "self-centered" West by the Global South.[38]

U.S. diplomacy

The United States struggled to gain influence when the war in Gaza broke out.[39][40] The United States is engaged in intense diplomacy aimed at undermining its closest Middle Eastern ally and trying to prevent the war from spreading to the region.[41]

G7

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has sought unity among the Group of Seven (G7) on how to deal with the crisis.[42][43] G7 members were seeking common ground to prevent the war in Gaza from further destabilizing already shaky security in the wider Middle East.[44]

Impact on US–Iran relations

Main article: Iran–United States relations

The war between Israel and Hamas has deepened the struggle between the US and Iran for influence in the Middle East. Iran's long-term strategy involves destroying Israel and driving a wedge between Israel and its regional neighbors. Despite tensions and anger across the region, the Biden administration's efforts to contain Iran and prevent a wider war are in line with the priorities of most Arab governments.[45]

Saudi-Israel normalization deal

Main article: Israel–Saudi Arabia relations

Saudi Arabia, under the leadership of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, has been in talks with Israel about possibly normalizing diplomatic relations.[46][47] However, due to the outbreak of war, these negotiations were suspended. The decision to suspend talks was communicated to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, dealing a blow to recent US efforts to restore peace and diplomatic ties between the two countries.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^ "How the Israel-Hamas War Impacts Regional Relations".
  2. ^ "The Diplomatic Off-Ramp After Israel's Invasion of Gaza". 31 October 2023.
  3. ^ "South Africa recalls diplomats from Israel over Gaza war". Al Jazeera. 7 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  4. ^ Bushard, Brian. "South Africa And Chad Latest Pulling Ambassadors From Israel — Joining These 7 Other Countries". Forbes.
  5. ^ "MSN". MSN.
  6. ^ "MSN". MSN.
  7. ^ "Countries that have cut ties with Israel or recalled ambassadors". ICIT Digital Library.
  8. ^ Phillips, Tom; Phillips, Tom (1 November 2023). "South American countries recall ambassadors and cut ties with Israel over war with Hamas". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  9. ^ Flores, Paola; Politi, Daniel. "Bolivia severs diplomatic ties with Israel as Chile and Colombia recall their ambassadors". ABC News. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  10. ^ Phillips, Tom; correspondent, Tom Phillips Latin America (November 1, 2023). "South American countries recall ambassadors and cut ties with Israel over war with Hamas". The Guardian.
  11. ^ "Belize joins diplomatic bachlash against Israel over Gaza bombardment". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  12. ^ a b c "These 8 countries have pulled ambassadors from Israel amid Hamas war". The Hill.
  13. ^ Jordan open to 'all options' as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  14. ^ Over 10,000 Palestinians killed in Gaza, Hamas-run health ministry says; UN calls Gaza a children’s graveyard cnbc.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  15. ^ Jordan open to 'all options' as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  16. ^ Over 10,000 Palestinians killed in Gaza, Hamas-run health ministry says; UN calls Gaza a children’s graveyard cnbc.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  17. ^ Jordan open to 'all options' as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  18. ^ Over 10,000 Palestinians killed in Gaza, Hamas-run health ministry says; UN calls Gaza a children’s graveyard cnbc.com Retrieved 8 November 2023
  19. ^ "Bahrain summons envoy to Israel, suspends economic relations". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  20. ^ "Bahrain expels Israel ambassador and cuts economic ties". Arab News. 2 November 2023.
  21. ^ "Bahrain recalls ambassador from Israel, cuts economic ties over Gaza war: Parliament". gulfnews.com. 2 November 2023.
  22. ^ Hamad, Mohammed (2 November 2023). "Bahrain parliament says envoy to Israel returned home, Israel says ties stable". Reuters.
  23. ^ "Turkey recalls ambassador to Israel over 'humanitarian tragedy in Gaza'". Al Jazeera.
  24. ^ "Israel-Hamas war: Erdogan cuts ties with Netanyahu as Israeli PM rejects call for humanitarian pause". Yahoo News. November 4, 2023.
  25. ^ Magome, Mogomotsi (6 November 2023). "South Africa recalls ambassador and diplomatic mission to Israel and accuses it of genocide in Gaza". Times Union. Associated Press. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  26. ^ Magome, Mogomotsi. "Israel recalls ambassador ahead of South African parliamentary vote to shut down Israeli embassy". ABC News. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  27. ^ "Israel recalls its ambassador from South Africa". BBC News. 2023-11-21. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  28. ^ "South African lawmakers vote to suspend diplomatic ties with Israel, shut embassy". Reuters. 2023-11-21. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  29. ^ "Palestinian Authority should govern Gaza and West Bank, Biden says". November 18, 2023 – via www.reuters.com.
  30. ^ "Spain in favor of recognition of Palestinian state in "the very short term"". The Jerusalem Post. Reuters. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  31. ^ Kasraoui, Safaa. "Belgium Considers Recognizing State of Palestine, Vows Sanctions Against Israel". Morocco World News. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  32. ^ Borrell, Josep. "Why a Palestinian state is the best security guarantee for Israel". Financial Times. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  33. ^ Dhar, Aniruddha. "Joe Biden repeats two-state solution call amid Israeli PM Netanyahu's 'Hamas elimination' plan after Gaza truce". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  34. ^ Magid, Jacob. "PM lobbying Likud MKs, saying only he can prevent a Palestinian state in Gaza, West Bank – report". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  35. ^ "Commentary: Israel-Hamas war puts China's strategy of 'balanced diplomacy' in the Middle East at risk".
  36. ^ "Israel-Hamas Conflict Challenges China's Diplomatic Efforts in Middle East: Analysts". 11 October 2023.
  37. ^ "Israel-Hamas war puts China's strategy of 'balanced diplomacy' in the Middle East at risk". 3 November 2023.
  38. ^ "The West Is Losing the Global South Over Gaza". TIME. November 3, 2023.
  39. ^ "U.S. struggles to exert influence as war rages in Gaza". news.knowledia.com. November 7, 2023.
  40. ^ "U.S. struggles to exert influence as war rages in Gaza". article.wn.com.
  41. ^ "Israel Gaza: US in diplomatic dash to contain conflict". BBC News. October 17, 2023.
  42. ^ "Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel-Hamas war". PBS. 7 November 2023.
  43. ^ "Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel-Hamas war, as cracks emerge over Gaza policy | The Times of Israel". The Times of Israel.
  44. ^ "Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel-Hamas war among items on crisis-heavy global agenda". Associated Press News. 7 November 2023.
  45. ^ Ciorciari, John (October 23, 2023). "The Israel-Hamas war deepens the struggle between US and Iran for influence in the Middle East". The Conversation.
  46. ^ "Saudi Arabia pauses normalisation talks with Israel amid ongoing war with Hamas". France 24. October 14, 2023.
  47. ^ "Israel Latest: Military Goes Into Hamas's Gaza Stronghold". Bloomberg. November 8, 2023 – via www.bloomberg.com.
  48. ^ "Saudi Arabia ends talks on normalization with Israel amid Hamas-Israel war".

December 01, 2023
diplomatic, impact, 2023, israel, hamas, 2023, israel, hamas, sparked, major, diplomatic, crisis, with, many, countries, around, world, reacting, strongly, conflict, that, affected, momentum, regional, relations, least, nine, countries, took, drastic, step, re. The 2023 Israel Hamas war sparked a major diplomatic crisis with many countries around the world reacting strongly to the conflict that affected the momentum of regional relations 1 At least nine countries took the drastic step of recalling their ambassadors and cutting diplomatic ties with Israel 2 3 Contents 1 Severance and recall of diplomatic relations 1 1 South and Central America 1 2 West Asia 1 2 1 Jordan 1 2 2 Bahrain 1 2 3 Turkey 1 3 Africa 1 3 1 South Africa 1 3 2 Chad 2 Peace process and recognition of Palestine 3 Other impacts 3 1 China 3 2 Global South 3 3 U S diplomacy 3 4 G7 3 5 Impact on US Iran relations 3 6 Saudi Israel normalization deal 4 See also 5 ReferencesSeverance and recall of diplomatic relationsAt least nine countries including Jordan Bahrain Turkey Colombia Honduras Chile Belize South Africa and Chad have recalled their ambassadors to Israel or severed ties altogether The measures were taken in response to Israel s conflict with Hamas citing humanitarian concerns about the escalating conflict 4 5 6 7 South and Central America Further information Bolivia Israel relations Chile Israel relations Colombia Israel relations and Belize Israel relations Several South American countries filed diplomatic protests against Israel in response to the conflict with Hamas On the afternoon of Israel s 31 October airstrike on the Jabalia refugee camp Bolivia severed all diplomatic ties with Israel 8 9 attributing its decision to alleged war crimes and human rights violations in the Gaza Strip Chile and Colombia also recalled their ambassadors 10 Belize suspended diplomatic relations with Israel 11 The Honduran President Xiomara Castro announced the recall of its ambassador on 4 November shortly after the country s ministry of foreign affairs stated that Honduras energetically condemns the genocide and serious violations of international humanitarian law that the civilian Palestinian population is suffering in the Gaza Strip 12 West Asia Further information Bahrain Israel relations Israel Jordan relations and Israel Turkey relations Jordan Jordan a major U S ally in the Middle East recalled its ambassador on 1 November as an expression of Jordan s position of rejection and condemnation of the raging Israeli war on Gaza which is killing innocent people and causing an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe 12 Likewise Jordan added that the ambassador of Israel who had departed Amman the capital city following Hamas attack won t be permitted to return 13 14 In November 2023 the prime minister of Jordan said that Jordan was considering all available options in its response to the Israeli aggression on Gaza and its subsequent consequences 15 16 He argued that Israel s blockade of the heavily populated Gaza Strip could not be justified as self defense and criticised the indiscriminate Israeli assault which had included safe zones and ambulances in its targets 17 18 Bahrain Bahrain s National Assembly suspended diplomatic and economic relations on 2 November 19 citing a solid and historical stance that supports the Palestinian cause and the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people 20 21 Israel said they had no prior knowledge of the decision 22 Turkey Turkey recalled its ambassador to Israel over the humanitarian crisis caused by Israel s continued attacks on civilians in Gaza on 4 November 23 Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has announced that he is cutting off all contact with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu 24 Africa Further information Israel South Africa relations and Chad Israel relations South Africa South Africa recalled its entire diplomatic mission on 6 November and criticized Israel s ambassador for disparaging those opposing the atrocities and genocide of the Israeli government 25 On 21 November Israel recalled its ambassador in South Africa for consultation just hours before South African parliament was due vote on whether to close or suspend Israeli embassy in the country 26 27 The vote came through in favour of the suspending diplomatic ties and shutting the embassy 28 Chad Chad also recalled its ambassador on 6 November noting that it condemned the loss of human lives of many innocent civilians and calls for a ceasefire leading to a lasting solution to the Palestinian question 12 Peace process and recognition of PalestineMain articles Israeli Palestinian peace process and Two state solution On 18 November U S President Joe Biden said that after the war Gaza and the West Bank should be reunited under a single governance structure ultimately under a revitalized Palestinian Authority as we all work toward a two state solution 29 Spanish Foreign Minister Jose Manuel Albares stated Spain was in favor of recognizing the State of Palestine within a short term timeframe 30 Belgium s Minister of Development Cooperation Caroline Gennez stated Belgium was also considering recognizing the state of Palestine 31 In an op ed in the Financial Times European chief diplomat Josep Borrell stated the two state solution was the best security guarantee for Israel 32 Biden stated the United States would not give up on the two state solution 33 Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated I am the only one who will prevent a Palestinian state in Gaza and the West Bank after the war 34 Other impactsChina The war tested China s strategy of balanced diplomacy in the Middle East Polarization over the conflict made it difficult to maintain Beijing s strategic Middle East vision 35 36 37 Global South Western support for Israel s invasion of Gaza has led to wide divisions with the Global South This has resulted in a growing negative perception of double standards and the self centered West by the Global South 38 U S diplomacy The United States struggled to gain influence when the war in Gaza broke out 39 40 The United States is engaged in intense diplomacy aimed at undermining its closest Middle Eastern ally and trying to prevent the war from spreading to the region 41 G7 US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has sought unity among the Group of Seven G7 on how to deal with the crisis 42 43 G7 members were seeking common ground to prevent the war in Gaza from further destabilizing already shaky security in the wider Middle East 44 Impact on US Iran relations Main article Iran United States relations The war between Israel and Hamas has deepened the struggle between the US and Iran for influence in the Middle East Iran s long term strategy involves destroying Israel and driving a wedge between Israel and its regional neighbors Despite tensions and anger across the region the Biden administration s efforts to contain Iran and prevent a wider war are in line with the priorities of most Arab governments 45 Saudi Israel normalization deal Main article Israel Saudi Arabia relations Saudi Arabia under the leadership of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has been in talks with Israel about possibly normalizing diplomatic relations 46 47 However due to the outbreak of war these negotiations were suspended The decision to suspend talks was communicated to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken dealing a blow to recent US efforts to restore peace and diplomatic ties between the two countries 48 See alsoEffects of the 2023 Israel Hamas war Timeline of the Israeli Palestinian conflict in 2023 Outline of the 2023 Israel Hamas war International reactions to the 2023 Israel Hamas warReferences How the Israel Hamas War Impacts Regional Relations The Diplomatic Off Ramp After Israel s Invasion of Gaza 31 October 2023 South Africa recalls diplomats from Israel over Gaza war Al Jazeera 7 November 2023 Retrieved 25 November 2023 Bushard Brian South Africa And Chad Latest Pulling Ambassadors From Israel Joining These 7 Other Countries Forbes MSN MSN MSN MSN Countries that have cut ties with Israel or recalled ambassadors ICIT Digital Library Phillips Tom Phillips Tom 1 November 2023 South American countries recall ambassadors and cut ties with Israel over war with Hamas The Guardian Retrieved 5 November 2023 Flores Paola Politi Daniel Bolivia severs diplomatic ties with Israel as Chile and Colombia recall their ambassadors ABC News Retrieved 1 November 2023 Phillips Tom correspondent Tom Phillips Latin America November 1 2023 South American countries recall ambassadors and cut ties with Israel over war with Hamas The Guardian Belize joins diplomatic bachlash against Israel over Gaza bombardment Al Jazeera Retrieved 15 November 2023 a b c These 8 countries have pulled ambassadors from Israel amid Hamas war The Hill Jordan open to all options as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Over 10 000 Palestinians killed in Gaza Hamas run health ministry says UN calls Gaza a children s graveyard cnbc com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Jordan open to all options as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Over 10 000 Palestinians killed in Gaza Hamas run health ministry says UN calls Gaza a children s graveyard cnbc com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Jordan open to all options as Gaza conflict intensifies reuters com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Over 10 000 Palestinians killed in Gaza Hamas run health ministry says UN calls Gaza a children s graveyard cnbc com Retrieved 8 November 2023 Bahrain summons envoy to Israel suspends economic relations Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 November 2023 Bahrain expels Israel ambassador and cuts economic ties Arab News 2 November 2023 Bahrain recalls ambassador from Israel cuts economic ties over Gaza war Parliament gulfnews com 2 November 2023 Hamad Mohammed 2 November 2023 Bahrain parliament says envoy to Israel returned home Israel says ties stable Reuters Turkey recalls ambassador to Israel over humanitarian tragedy in Gaza Al Jazeera Israel Hamas war Erdogan cuts ties with Netanyahu as Israeli PM rejects call for humanitarian pause Yahoo News November 4 2023 Magome Mogomotsi 6 November 2023 South Africa recalls ambassador and diplomatic mission to Israel and accuses it of genocide in Gaza Times Union Associated Press Retrieved 6 November 2023 Magome Mogomotsi Israel recalls ambassador ahead of South African parliamentary vote to shut down Israeli embassy ABC News Retrieved 2023 11 21 Israel recalls its ambassador from South Africa BBC News 2023 11 21 Retrieved 2023 11 21 South African lawmakers vote to suspend diplomatic ties with Israel shut embassy Reuters 2023 11 21 Retrieved 2023 11 21 Palestinian Authority should govern Gaza and West Bank Biden says November 18 2023 via www reuters com Spain in favor of recognition of Palestinian state in the very short term The Jerusalem Post Reuters Retrieved 26 November 2023 Kasraoui Safaa Belgium Considers Recognizing State of Palestine Vows Sanctions Against Israel Morocco World News Retrieved 26 November 2023 Borrell Josep Why a Palestinian state is the best security guarantee for Israel Financial Times Retrieved 26 November 2023 Dhar Aniruddha Joe Biden repeats two state solution call amid Israeli PM Netanyahu s Hamas elimination plan after Gaza truce Hindustan Times Retrieved 27 November 2023 Magid Jacob PM lobbying Likud MKs saying only he can prevent a Palestinian state in Gaza West Bank report The Times of Israel Retrieved 29 November 2023 Commentary Israel Hamas war puts China s strategy of balanced diplomacy in the Middle East at risk Israel Hamas Conflict Challenges China s Diplomatic Efforts in Middle East Analysts 11 October 2023 Israel Hamas war puts China s strategy of balanced diplomacy in the Middle East at risk 3 November 2023 The West Is Losing the Global South Over Gaza TIME November 3 2023 U S struggles to exert influence as war rages in Gaza news knowledia com November 7 2023 U S struggles to exert influence as war rages in Gaza article wn com Israel Gaza US in diplomatic dash to contain conflict BBC News October 17 2023 Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel Hamas war PBS 7 November 2023 Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel Hamas war as cracks emerge over Gaza policy The Times of Israel The Times of Israel Blinken seeks G7 unity on Israel Hamas war among items on crisis heavy global agenda Associated Press News 7 November 2023 Ciorciari John October 23 2023 The Israel Hamas war deepens the struggle between US and Iran for influence in the Middle East The Conversation Saudi Arabia pauses normalisation talks with Israel amid ongoing war with Hamas France 24 October 14 2023 Israel Latest Military Goes Into Hamas s Gaza Stronghold Bloomberg November 8 2023 via www bloomberg com Saudi Arabia ends talks on normalization with Israel amid Hamas Israel war Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Diplomatic impact of the 2023 Israel Hamas war amp oldid 1187464017, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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