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Dead or Alive (video game)

January 01, 1970

Dead or Alive[a] is a 1996 fighting game by Tecmo and the first entry in Team Ninja's long-running Dead or Alive series. It was released first in Arcades, followed by home ports for the Sega Saturn in Japan, and later for the PlayStation in all regions. An enhanced version was included in Dead or Alive Ultimate for the Xbox.

Dead or Alive
European arcade flyer featuring Leifang (background), Tina (left), Gen Fu (center), and Jann Lee (right)
Developer(s)Team Ninja
Publisher(s)
Director(s)
Producer(s)
  • Tomonobu Itagaki
  • Yujin Rikimaru
  • Yutaka Koga
Designer(s)
  • Motohiro Shiga
  • Jun Hasunuma
Writer(s)"Asamin"
Composer(s)Makoto Hosoi
SeriesDead or Alive
Platform(s)
ReleaseArcade
  • WW: November 26, 1996
  • JP: October 16, 1998 (++)
Sega Saturn
  • JP: October 9, 1997
PlayStation
  • JP: March 12, 1998
  • NA: March 31, 1998
  • EU: July 1, 1998
Genre(s)Fighting
Mode(s)Single-player, multiplayer
Arcade systemSega Model 2

Capitalizing on the success of Sega's Virtua Fighter fighting game series at the time, Dead or Alive takes influence from Virtua Fighter while adding unique gameplay elements of its own. Dead or Alive was well-praised for its fighting system and advanced graphics. The game also attracted attention for its presentation, which was more provocative than other mainstream 3D fighting games at the time.

Dead or Alive was a commercial success, helping Tecmo overcome their financial problems. The success of the game helped turn the series into a franchise, including several sequels and numerous spinoffs. The game was followed by Dead or Alive 2 in 1999.

Gameplay edit

The gameplay of Dead or Alive borrows from Virtua Fighter, but makes some key changes that changes the way Dead or Alive is played in comparison to Virtua Fighter.

Dead or Alive's defining features are its speed and countering system. The game puts an emphasis on speed and relies more on simplistic commands and reaction time rather than long combo strings. Unlike other fighting games of the time, in place of a "guard" button, Dead or Alive uses a "hold" button, which causes the fighter to grab their opponent's limbs if they are attacking at the time.[1] This countering system was the first in the fighting genre to utilize different commands that correspond to each type of attack. There are two kinds of holds, an Offensive Hold and a Defensive Hold; the latter are executed by holding back or forward on the directional pad along with the guard input to either force away or counter-damage an opponent.

The outer edges of the fighting arena, called "danger zones", are set with explosives which deal a high amount of damage to any fighter who comes in contact with them.[1] They can also send an affected character in the air so the opposing player can execute a juggling air combo. However, this can be avoided with a defensive roll.

Characters edit

See also: Characters of the Dead or Alive series
  • Bayman, a Russian mercenary and commando hired to kill DOATEC's founder and CEO, Fame Douglas.
  • Gen Fu, an old Chinese shini-rokugo-ken martial arts master and bookstore owner, who enters the tournament to win the prize money in order to provide funds for his sick granddaughter, Mei Linn.
  • Jann Lee, a Chinese jeet-kune-do martial artist, who enters the tournament with the desire to challenge himself against powerful opponents. His character is modeled on Bruce Lee.
  • Kasumi, a Japanese kunoichi of the Mugen Tenshin Ninja Clan, who abandons her village to search for Raidou, the man who crippled her older brother, Hayate.
  • Leifang, a young Chinese taikyoku-ken prodigy, who enters the tournament to defeat Jann Lee.
  • Raidou,[A] an evil ninja exiled from Kasumi's clan.
  • Ryu Hayabusa, a Japanese ninja hero of the Hayabusa Ninja Clan and best friend of Kasumi's brother. He enters the tournament to fulfil his thirst for a challenge. He is originally from Ninja Gaiden.
  • Tina Armstrong, a flamboyant American professional wrestler, who enters the tournament to be noticed by Hollywood.
  • Zack, a flamboyant African-American DJ and kickboxer, who enters the tournament to win the prize money.

The PlayStation and Arcade++ versions feature two additional characters:

  • Ayane,[B] a Japanese kunoichi from the same clan as Kasumi. Ayane was ordered to kill Kasumi for abandoning their village.
  • Bass Armstrong, an American professional wrestling champion and father of Tina. He tries to stop Tina from being noticed by Hollywood.

  1. ^ Boss character, playable only in the console versions
  2. ^ Unlockable in the PlayStation version

Plot edit

A massive corporation known as DOATEC (Dead or Alive Tournament Executive Committee), host a fighting competition called the Dead or Alive World Combat Championship, where fighters from all over the world can compete for the title as world champion and a vast amount of money. A runaway kunoichi known as Kasumi, enters the Dead or Alive tournament to seek revenge against her uncle Raidou, who was responsible for crippling her older brother, Hayate.

Kasumi's brother, Hayate, was next in line to succeed their father, Shiden, as the 18th leader of the Mugen Tenshin Ninja Clan. After Hayate was crippled by Raidou, Shiden was left bitter from what Raidou did to his son, and Shiden refused to discuss the details surrounding the attack. Shiden ordered his daughter, Kasumi, to take her brother's place as the next leader of their clan. However, Kasumi abandoned the village. Learning that her evil uncle was her brother's attacker, Kasumi tracks him down to the Dead or Alive tournament where she enters to defeat him.

Kasumi eventually defeats and kills Raidou, but her decision to leave her village without permission violates the strict laws of the ninja society and is punishable by death. As a result, she becomes a hunted fugitive.

Development and release edit

During the mid 1990s, Japanese gaming company Tecmo was in financial trouble. Seeing how popular Sega's Virtua Fighter series was in Japan at the time, the management asked Tomonobu Itagaki to create a game similar to Virtua Fighter.[2] Itagaki was a fan of Virtua Fighter, but he wanted Dead or Alive to stand out among the competition. This included an emphasis on being fast-paced and a strong emphasis on being provocative, as Itagaki believed entertainment needed both violence and sexuality to truly be entertainment.[3] All the animations in the game were created using motion capture.[4]

The original game, which runs on the Sega Model 2 arcade board, the same arcade board that Virtua Fighter 2 ran on, had polygonal modeled backgrounds.[5] Dead or Alive was unveiled alongside Jaleco's Super GT 24h at the February 1996 AOU show as part of Sega's announcement that they were licensing their Model 2 hardware to third-party companies.[6] It was released in November 1996.[7]

In comparison to other 3D fighters, such as Tekken (which gained a substantial market base in Japan and North America), DOA introduced a countering system unique to the genre and an added emphasis on speed, as well as a rich graphics engine that lacked many jaggies and incorporated very smooth surfaces.

A Nintendo 64 port was rumored,[8] but did not come to fruition. Dead or Alive was instead ported to the Sega Saturn exclusively for the Japanese market in 1997. Acclaim intended to bring the Saturn version to the UK by Christmas 1997,[9][10] but plans were shelved for unknown reasons. When ported to the Saturn, the developers used Gouraud shading (a feature not available on Model 2) for the character models to compensate for the Saturn not being able to generate as many polygons as the Model 2 hardware.[11] The Saturn conversion uses bitmaps and parallax scrolling in the same fashion as the Saturn version of Virtua Fighter 2. It also includes a new rendered intro and tournament and training modes.[10]

In 1998, Tecmo released Dead or Alive for the PlayStation in all regions. It was the first game designed for Sega arcade hardware to be ported to the PlayStation.[11] This version included two new characters, a different graphics engine, a slightly revamped fighting engine, new alternate costumes, and new background music.[12] Most of the PlayStation version's development team had worked on the original arcade version.[12] Also in 1998,[13] Tecmo also released an upgrade titled Dead or Alive++ for the arcades in Japan which was based on the PlayStation version.[14] This version was based on the PlayStation version with a slightly updated gameplay that was later expanded for the sequel, Dead or Alive 2.

Reception edit

In Japan, Game Machine listed Dead or Alive on their January 1, 1997 issue as being the most-popular arcade game for the previous two weeks.[34] Game Machine also listed Dead or Alive++ on their November 15, 1998 issue as being the eleventh most-popular arcade game for the previous two weeks.[35]

Although it was not widely distributed in U.S. arcades, Dead or Alive was a commercial success,[11] helping Tecmo pull in a profit of 9.2 million dollars in 1996 and saving the company from bankruptcy.[36] The Sega Saturn version would top the Japanese charts on release, coming in number 1 during Week 41 in 1997.[37] It would go on to sell more than 161,000 copies in Japan.[38]

Upon the game's release in arcades, a Next Generation reviewer commented, "A fighting game that mimics Virtua Fighter 2 in its look and feel to a frightening degree ... Dead or Alive boasts smooth control, crisp polygonal graphics, and an attitude that may enable this game to stand on its own despite its familiar origins." He identified the variety of characters and the danger zones as the game's standout features, and said the tough AI forces players to learn more complex moves and strategies.[30]

The home versions were successful critically as well. Due to the Saturn version's planned (and eventually aborted) releases in the U.S. and UK, it saw a considerable number of reviews in those two countries. Sega Saturn Magazine described Dead or Alive as "An incredible beat 'em up both technically and visually, even getting close to beating Sega's own-brand VF [Virtua Fighter] games."[33] Computer and Video Games called it "an essential buy for import Saturn gamers",[9] while Next Generation commented, "Dead or Alive is such a polished game that it's surprising to realize this is Tecmo's first 3D fighter."[31] GamePro lauded it for its vast number of moves and throws, and its fast and intense fights.[39]

Praise for the game typically focused on its "hold" mechanic.[9][23][29][27][31][33][39] Next Generation said this mechanic adds a unique tone to the game and blurs the line between offense and defense during fights, replacing the usual fighting game scenario of one character attacking and the other defending with more of a "push-and-pull" struggle for dominance.[31] Electronic Gaming Monthly editor-in-chief John Davison commented that the requisite "use of a character's weight and inertia blazes a trail for other games to follow." One of his co-reviewers, Dan Hsu, said the system of holds and reversals is the best part of the game.[23] GameSpot noted that using holds, "you can counter holds and attacks and then reverse counters on top of that, so you sometimes can get an awesome Jackie Chan-style grappling match that goes back and forth three or four times till someone messes up and pays the consequences."[29] GamePro, in their review of the PlayStation version, was one of the few to challenge the mechanic's value, arguing that adding an element of aggression to a defensive tactic reduces the gameplay's depth, making Dead or Alive a game for beginners who cannot handle the complexity of other fighting games.[40]

The "bouncing breast" feature was widely ridiculed for its exaggerated and prolonged animation, which critics regarded as comical and grotesque rather than appealing.[9][23][28][29][27][33] Sega Saturn Magazine noted that the breasts "wobble up and down like jellies and seem to operate totally independently to the rest of the girl's body",[33] and Jeff Gerstmann similarly remarked in GameSpot that "They bounce around like gelatin for no apparent reason." He considered it a relief that the feature can be turned off, describing it as "stupid" and "the very definition of overkill."[28] IGN was not as annoyed, but pointed out that the bouncing breasts "don't actually contribute to the gameplay except to add temporary novelty and libido frustration to the typical gamer."[27] Computer and Video Games found humor in how "The slightest movement is enough to set them off, swinging and bouncing around in a most comical fashion!" The reviewer compared it unfavorably to the more realistic breast physics in Fighting Vipers.[9]

A number of reviewers praised the quality of the arcade-to-Saturn conversion,[9][28][31] and most applauded this version's high-resolution graphics and detail.[9][28][31][33][39] However, reviews for the later PlayStation version hailed it as even better, with enhanced graphics and enjoyable new content which adds to the replay value.[23][29][27][40] IGN went so far as to say that "The Model 2 graphics have ported over to the PlayStation better than they've ever been on the Saturn".[27] (Many of the Sega Saturn's killer apps were Model 2 ports, including Virtua Fighter 2).

GamesRadar included Dead or Alive at number 28 in their list of best Sega Saturn games, stating that "the game's high-speed, rock-paper-scissors style of play was a quick hit with arcade players".[41] In 2011, Complex ranked it as the seventh best fighting game of all time.[42]

Remake edit

Main article: Dead or Alive Ultimate

In 2004, Tecmo released Dead or Alive Ultimate, a package that featured revamps of the first two DOA games, on the Xbox. The remake of the first game was based on the Sega Saturn version, as it was Itagaki's preferred version.[2] It featured smoother graphics, sound updated from stereo to surround, and adds Xbox Live online gaming. Both Dead or Alive 1 Ultimate and Dead or Alive 2 Ultimate were among the first fighting games with online play.

Notes edit

  1. ^ Japanese: デッドオアアライブ, Hepburn: Deddo Oa Araibu, DOA

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Dead or Alive". Sega Saturn Magazine. No. 9. Emap International Limited. July 1996. p. 96.
  2. ^ a b . Archive.videogamesdaily.com. 2005-02-15. Archived from the original on 2016-03-19. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  3. ^ "The History Of TECMO - Dead or Alive". YouTube. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  4. ^ "Wanted: Dead or Alive". Maximum: The Video Game Magazine (7). Emap International Limited: 86–87. June 1996.
  5. ^ . IGN. 2004-08-02. Archived from the original on 2007-10-15. Retrieved 2007-10-08.
  6. ^ "Model 3: Sega Affirms Arcade Supremacy". Next Generation. No. 17. Imagine Media. May 1996. pp. 15–16.
  7. ^ "デッド オア アライブ まとめ [アーケード] / ファミ通.com". Famitsu.com. 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  8. ^ "Tecmo's Fighter: Dead Or Alive on N64?". IGN.com. 1997-08-06. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h "Review: Dead or Alive". Computer and Video Games. No. 193. EMAP. December 1997. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  10. ^ a b "Dead or Alive... You're Coming with Me!". Sega Saturn Magazine. No. 25. Emap International Limited. November 1997. p. 11. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
  11. ^ a b c "NG Alphas: Dead or Alive". Next Generation. No. 34. Imagine Media. October 1997. pp. 112–3.
  12. ^ a b "Dead Or Alive". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 104. Ziff Davis. March 1998. p. 56.
  13. ^ "デッド オア アライブ＋＋（プラスプラス） まとめ [アーケード] / ファミ通.com". Famitsu.com. 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  14. ^ "Dead or Alive news and update". IGN. 1998.
  15. ^ . GameRankings. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
  16. ^ . GameRankings. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved 2013-12-22.
  17. ^ "Dead or Alive for PlayStation Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 2013-12-22.
  18. ^ Williamson, Colin (2014-12-11). . Allgame. Archived from the original on December 11, 2014. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  19. ^ Williamson, Colin (2014-12-10). . Allgame. Archived from the original on December 10, 2014. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  20. ^ House, Michael L. . Allgame. Archived from the original on December 11, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
  21. ^ "Computer and Video Games - Issue 200 (1998-07)(EMAP Images)(GB)". Archive.org. July 1998. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  22. ^ Electronic Gaming Monthly, 1999 Video Game Buyer's Guide, page 122.
  23. ^ a b c d e "Review Crew: Dead or Alive". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 106. Ziff Davis. May 1998. p. 100.
  24. ^ "デッド オア アライブ まとめ [PS] / ファミ通.com". Famitsu.com. 2012-09-27. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  25. ^ GameFan, volume 5, issue 12 (December 1997), pages 24 & 112-113.
  26. ^ . 1999-09-15. Archived from the original on September 15, 1999. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  27. ^ a b c d e f "Dead or Alive". IGN. 1998-03-27. Retrieved 2013-12-22.
  28. ^ a b c d e Gerstmann, Jeff (March 4, 1998). "Dead or Alive (Import) Review". GameSpot. from the original on August 17, 2018. Retrieved 2013-12-22.
  29. ^ a b c d e MacDonald, Ryan (April 7, 1998). "Dead or Alive Review". GameSpot. from the original on August 17, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
  30. ^ a b "Dead or Alive". Next Generation. No. 28. Imagine Media. April 1997. p. 132.
  31. ^ a b c d e f "Finals". Next Generation. No. 37. Imagine Media. January 1998. p. 155.
  32. ^ Consoles +, issue 71, pages 180-181.
  33. ^ a b c d e f "Import Review: Dead or Alive". Sega Saturn Magazine. No. 30. April 1998. p. 67.
  34. ^ "Game Machine's Best Hit Games 25 - TVゲーム機ーソフトウェア (Video Game Software)". Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 533. Amusement Press, Inc. 1 January 1997. p. 33.
  35. ^ "Game Machine's Best Hit Games 25 - TVゲーム機ーソフトウェア (Video Game Software)". Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 576. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 November 1998. p. 21.
  36. ^ "The History Of TECMO - Dead or Alive". YouTube. 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  37. ^ Game Data Library - 1997 Weekly
  38. ^ . Archived from the original on December 30, 2008. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
  39. ^ a b c Scary Larry (March 1998). "Saturn ProReview: Dead or Alive". GamePro. No. 114. IDG. p. 100.
  40. ^ a b Scary Larry (May 1998). "PlayStation ProReview: Dead or Alive". GamePro. No. 116. IDG. p. 82.
  41. ^ . GamesRadar. March 6, 2014. Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  42. ^ Peter Rubin, The 50 Best Fighting Games of All Time 2014-06-25 at the Wayback Machine, Complex.com, March 15, 2011

External links edit

  • Saturn version official website (in Japanese)
  • PlayStation version official website (in Japanese)
  • Dead or Alive at MobyGames
  • Dead or Alive at the Killer List of Videogames

January 01, 1970
dead, alive, video, game, dead, alive, 1996, fighting, game, tecmo, first, entry, team, ninja, long, running, dead, alive, series, released, first, arcades, followed, home, ports, sega, saturn, japan, later, playstation, regions, enhanced, version, included, d. Dead or Alive a is a 1996 fighting game by Tecmo and the first entry in Team Ninja s long running Dead or Alive series It was released first in Arcades followed by home ports for the Sega Saturn in Japan and later for the PlayStation in all regions An enhanced version was included in Dead or Alive Ultimate for the Xbox Dead or AliveEuropean arcade flyer featuring Leifang background Tina left Gen Fu center and Jann Lee right Developer s Team NinjaPublisher s WW TecmoEU Acclaim Arcade EU SCEE PS1 Director s Tomonobu ItagakiKatsunori EharaTakeshi KawaguchiProducer s Tomonobu ItagakiYujin RikimaruYutaka KogaDesigner s Motohiro ShigaJun HasunumaWriter s Asamin Composer s Makoto HosoiSeriesDead or AlivePlatform s ArcadeSega SaturnPlayStationReleaseArcadeWW November 26 1996JP October 16 1998 Sega Saturn JP October 9 1997 PlayStation JP March 12 1998NA March 31 1998EU July 1 1998Genre s FightingMode s Single player multiplayerArcade systemSega Model 2 Capitalizing on the success of Sega s Virtua Fighter fighting game series at the time Dead or Alive takes influence from Virtua Fighter while adding unique gameplay elements of its own Dead or Alive was well praised for its fighting system and advanced graphics The game also attracted attention for its presentation which was more provocative than other mainstream 3D fighting games at the time Dead or Alive was a commercial success helping Tecmo overcome their financial problems The success of the game helped turn the series into a franchise including several sequels and numerous spinoffs The game was followed by Dead or Alive 2 in 1999 Contents 1 Gameplay 2 Characters 3 Plot 4 Development and release 5 Reception 6 Remake 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksGameplay editThe gameplay of Dead or Alive borrows from Virtua Fighter but makes some key changes that changes the way Dead or Alive is played in comparison to Virtua Fighter Dead or Alive s defining features are its speed and countering system The game puts an emphasis on speed and relies more on simplistic commands and reaction time rather than long combo strings Unlike other fighting games of the time in place of a guard button Dead or Alive uses a hold button which causes the fighter to grab their opponent s limbs if they are attacking at the time 1 This countering system was the first in the fighting genre to utilize different commands that correspond to each type of attack There are two kinds of holds an Offensive Hold and a Defensive Hold the latter are executed by holding back or forward on the directional pad along with the guard input to either force away or counter damage an opponent The outer edges of the fighting arena called danger zones are set with explosives which deal a high amount of damage to any fighter who comes in contact with them 1 They can also send an affected character in the air so the opposing player can execute a juggling air combo However this can be avoided with a defensive roll Characters editSee also Characters of the Dead or Alive series Bayman a Russian mercenary and commando hired to kill DOATEC s founder and CEO Fame Douglas Gen Fu an old Chinese shini rokugo ken martial arts master and bookstore owner who enters the tournament to win the prize money in order to provide funds for his sick granddaughter Mei Linn Jann Lee a Chinese jeet kune do martial artist who enters the tournament with the desire to challenge himself against powerful opponents His character is modeled on Bruce Lee Kasumi a Japanese kunoichi of the Mugen Tenshin Ninja Clan who abandons her village to search for Raidou the man who crippled her older brother Hayate Leifang a young Chinese taikyoku ken prodigy who enters the tournament to defeat Jann Lee Raidou A an evil ninja exiled from Kasumi s clan Ryu Hayabusa a Japanese ninja hero of the Hayabusa Ninja Clan and best friend of Kasumi s brother He enters the tournament to fulfil his thirst for a challenge He is originally from Ninja Gaiden Tina Armstrong a flamboyant American professional wrestler who enters the tournament to be noticed by Hollywood Zack a flamboyant African American DJ and kickboxer who enters the tournament to win the prize money The PlayStation and Arcade versions feature two additional characters Ayane B a Japanese kunoichi from the same clan as Kasumi Ayane was ordered to kill Kasumi for abandoning their village Bass Armstrong an American professional wrestling champion and father of Tina He tries to stop Tina from being noticed by Hollywood Boss character playable only in the console versions Unlockable in the PlayStation versionPlot editA massive corporation known as DOATEC Dead or Alive Tournament Executive Committee host a fighting competition called the Dead or Alive World Combat Championship where fighters from all over the world can compete for the title as world champion and a vast amount of money A runaway kunoichi known as Kasumi enters the Dead or Alive tournament to seek revenge against her uncle Raidou who was responsible for crippling her older brother Hayate Kasumi s brother Hayate was next in line to succeed their father Shiden as the 18th leader of the Mugen Tenshin Ninja Clan After Hayate was crippled by Raidou Shiden was left bitter from what Raidou did to his son and Shiden refused to discuss the details surrounding the attack Shiden ordered his daughter Kasumi to take her brother s place as the next leader of their clan However Kasumi abandoned the village Learning that her evil uncle was her brother s attacker Kasumi tracks him down to the Dead or Alive tournament where she enters to defeat him Kasumi eventually defeats and kills Raidou but her decision to leave her village without permission violates the strict laws of the ninja society and is punishable by death As a result she becomes a hunted fugitive Development and release editDuring the mid 1990s Japanese gaming company Tecmo was in financial trouble Seeing how popular Sega s Virtua Fighter series was in Japan at the time the management asked Tomonobu Itagaki to create a game similar to Virtua Fighter 2 Itagaki was a fan of Virtua Fighter but he wanted Dead or Alive to stand out among the competition This included an emphasis on being fast paced and a strong emphasis on being provocative as Itagaki believed entertainment needed both violence and sexuality to truly be entertainment 3 All the animations in the game were created using motion capture 4 The original game which runs on the Sega Model 2 arcade board the same arcade board that Virtua Fighter 2 ran on had polygonal modeled backgrounds 5 Dead or Alive was unveiled alongside Jaleco s Super GT 24h at the February 1996 AOU show as part of Sega s announcement that they were licensing their Model 2 hardware to third party companies 6 It was released in November 1996 7 In comparison to other 3D fighters such as Tekken which gained a substantial market base in Japan and North America DOA introduced a countering system unique to the genre and an added emphasis on speed as well as a rich graphics engine that lacked many jaggies and incorporated very smooth surfaces A Nintendo 64 port was rumored 8 but did not come to fruition Dead or Alive was instead ported to the Sega Saturn exclusively for the Japanese market in 1997 Acclaim intended to bring the Saturn version to the UK by Christmas 1997 9 10 but plans were shelved for unknown reasons When ported to the Saturn the developers used Gouraud shading a feature not available on Model 2 for the character models to compensate for the Saturn not being able to generate as many polygons as the Model 2 hardware 11 The Saturn conversion uses bitmaps and parallax scrolling in the same fashion as the Saturn version of Virtua Fighter 2 It also includes a new rendered intro and tournament and training modes 10 In 1998 Tecmo released Dead or Alive for the PlayStation in all regions It was the first game designed for Sega arcade hardware to be ported to the PlayStation 11 This version included two new characters a different graphics engine a slightly revamped fighting engine new alternate costumes and new background music 12 Most of the PlayStation version s development team had worked on the original arcade version 12 Also in 1998 13 Tecmo also released an upgrade titled Dead or Alive for the arcades in Japan which was based on the PlayStation version 14 This version was based on the PlayStation version with a slightly updated gameplay that was later expanded for the sequel Dead or Alive 2 Reception editReceptionAggregate scoresAggregatorScoreGameRankings82 SAT 15 84 PS1 16 Metacritic84 100 PS1 17 Review scoresPublicationScoreAllGame nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp ARC 18 nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp SAT 19 nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp PS1 20 Computer and Video Games nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp SAT 9 nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp PS1 21 Electronic Gaming Monthly7 625 40 PS1 22 23 Famitsu31 40 PS1 24 Game Informer7 75 10 PS1 26 GameFan280 300 SAT 25 GameSpot6 8 10 SAT 28 7 3 10 PS1 29 IGN8 5 10 PS1 27 Next Generation nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp ARC SAT 30 31 Consoles 95 SAT 32 Sega Saturn Magazine94 SAT 33 In Japan Game Machine listed Dead or Alive on their January 1 1997 issue as being the most popular arcade game for the previous two weeks 34 Game Machine also listed Dead or Alive on their November 15 1998 issue as being the eleventh most popular arcade game for the previous two weeks 35 Although it was not widely distributed in U S arcades Dead or Alive was a commercial success 11 helping Tecmo pull in a profit of 9 2 million dollars in 1996 and saving the company from bankruptcy 36 The Sega Saturn version would top the Japanese charts on release coming in number 1 during Week 41 in 1997 37 It would go on to sell more than 161 000 copies in Japan 38 Upon the game s release in arcades a Next Generation reviewer commented A fighting game that mimics Virtua Fighter 2 in its look and feel to a frightening degree Dead or Alive boasts smooth control crisp polygonal graphics and an attitude that may enable this game to stand on its own despite its familiar origins He identified the variety of characters and the danger zones as the game s standout features and said the tough AI forces players to learn more complex moves and strategies 30 The home versions were successful critically as well Due to the Saturn version s planned and eventually aborted releases in the U S and UK it saw a considerable number of reviews in those two countries Sega Saturn Magazine described Dead or Alive as An incredible beat em up both technically and visually even getting close to beating Sega s own brand VF Virtua Fighter games 33 Computer and Video Games called it an essential buy for import Saturn gamers 9 while Next Generation commented Dead or Alive is such a polished game that it s surprising to realize this is Tecmo s first 3D fighter 31 GamePro lauded it for its vast number of moves and throws and its fast and intense fights 39 Praise for the game typically focused on its hold mechanic 9 23 29 27 31 33 39 Next Generation said this mechanic adds a unique tone to the game and blurs the line between offense and defense during fights replacing the usual fighting game scenario of one character attacking and the other defending with more of a push and pull struggle for dominance 31 Electronic Gaming Monthly editor in chief John Davison commented that the requisite use of a character s weight and inertia blazes a trail for other games to follow One of his co reviewers Dan Hsu said the system of holds and reversals is the best part of the game 23 GameSpot noted that using holds you can counter holds and attacks and then reverse counters on top of that so you sometimes can get an awesome Jackie Chan style grappling match that goes back and forth three or four times till someone messes up and pays the consequences 29 GamePro in their review of the PlayStation version was one of the few to challenge the mechanic s value arguing that adding an element of aggression to a defensive tactic reduces the gameplay s depth making Dead or Alive a game for beginners who cannot handle the complexity of other fighting games 40 The bouncing breast feature was widely ridiculed for its exaggerated and prolonged animation which critics regarded as comical and grotesque rather than appealing 9 23 28 29 27 33 Sega Saturn Magazine noted that the breasts wobble up and down like jellies and seem to operate totally independently to the rest of the girl s body 33 and Jeff Gerstmann similarly remarked in GameSpot that They bounce around like gelatin for no apparent reason He considered it a relief that the feature can be turned off describing it as stupid and the very definition of overkill 28 IGN was not as annoyed but pointed out that the bouncing breasts don t actually contribute to the gameplay except to add temporary novelty and libido frustration to the typical gamer 27 Computer and Video Games found humor in how The slightest movement is enough to set them off swinging and bouncing around in a most comical fashion The reviewer compared it unfavorably to the more realistic breast physics in Fighting Vipers 9 A number of reviewers praised the quality of the arcade to Saturn conversion 9 28 31 and most applauded this version s high resolution graphics and detail 9 28 31 33 39 However reviews for the later PlayStation version hailed it as even better with enhanced graphics and enjoyable new content which adds to the replay value 23 29 27 40 IGN went so far as to say that The Model 2 graphics have ported over to the PlayStation better than they ve ever been on the Saturn 27 Many of the Sega Saturn s killer apps were Model 2 ports including Virtua Fighter 2 GamesRadar included Dead or Alive at number 28 in their list of best Sega Saturn games stating that the game s high speed rock paper scissors style of play was a quick hit with arcade players 41 In 2011 Complex ranked it as the seventh best fighting game of all time 42 Remake editMain article Dead or Alive Ultimate In 2004 Tecmo released Dead or Alive Ultimate a package that featured revamps of the first two DOA games on the Xbox The remake of the first game was based on the Sega Saturn version as it was Itagaki s preferred version 2 It featured smoother graphics sound updated from stereo to surround and adds Xbox Live online gaming Both Dead or Alive 1 Ultimate and Dead or Alive 2 Ultimate were among the first fighting games with online play Notes edit Japanese デッドオアアライブ Hepburn Deddo Oa Araibu DOAReferences edit a b Dead or Alive Sega Saturn Magazine No 9 Emap International Limited July 1996 p 96 a b Video Games Daily Tomonobu Itagaki The Kikizo Interview 2005 with Team Ninja Boss Archive videogamesdaily com 2005 02 15 Archived from the original on 2016 03 19 Retrieved 2016 03 06 The History Of TECMO Dead or Alive YouTube Retrieved 1 January 2016 Wanted Dead or Alive Maximum The Video Game Magazine 7 Emap International Limited 86 87 June 1996 The History of Dead or Alive IGN 2004 08 02 Archived from the original on 2007 10 15 Retrieved 2007 10 08 Model 3 Sega Affirms Arcade Supremacy Next Generation No 17 Imagine Media May 1996 pp 15 16 デッド オア アライブ まとめ アーケード ファミ通 com Famitsu com 2014 02 22 Retrieved 2016 03 06 Tecmo s Fighter Dead Or Alive on N64 IGN com 1997 08 06 Retrieved 2016 03 06 a b c d e f g h Review Dead or Alive Computer and Video Games No 193 EMAP December 1997 Retrieved 2016 03 06 a b Dead or Alive You re Coming with Me Sega Saturn Magazine No 25 Emap International Limited November 1997 p 11 Retrieved December 3 2019 a b c NG Alphas Dead or Alive Next Generation No 34 Imagine Media October 1997 pp 112 3 a b Dead Or Alive Electronic Gaming Monthly No 104 Ziff Davis March 1998 p 56 デッド オア アライブ プラスプラス まとめ アーケード ファミ通 com Famitsu com 2014 02 22 Retrieved 2016 03 06 Dead or Alive news and update IGN 1998 Dead or Alive for Saturn GameRankings CBS Interactive Archived from the original on December 9 2019 Retrieved 2019 03 19 Dead or Alive for PlayStation GameRankings CBS Interactive Archived from the original on December 9 2019 Retrieved 2013 12 22 Dead or Alive for PlayStation Reviews Metacritic CBS Interactive Retrieved 2013 12 22 Williamson Colin 2014 12 11 Dead or Alive Review Allgame Archived from the original on December 11 2014 Retrieved 2016 03 06 Williamson Colin 2014 12 10 Dead or Alive Review Allgame Archived from the original on December 10 2014 Retrieved 2016 03 06 House Michael L Dead or Alive Review Allgame Archived from the original on December 11 2014 Retrieved June 5 2013 Computer and Video Games Issue 200 1998 07 EMAP Images GB Archive org July 1998 Retrieved 2016 03 06 Electronic Gaming Monthly 1999 Video Game Buyer s Guide page 122 a b c d e Review Crew Dead or Alive Electronic Gaming Monthly No 106 Ziff Davis May 1998 p 100 デッド オア アライブ まとめ PS ファミ通 com Famitsu com 2012 09 27 Retrieved 2016 03 06 GameFan volume 5 issue 12 December 1997 pages 24 amp 112 113 Dead or Alive PlayStation 1999 09 15 Archived from the original on September 15 1999 Retrieved 2016 03 06 a b c d e f Dead or Alive IGN 1998 03 27 Retrieved 2013 12 22 a b c d e Gerstmann Jeff March 4 1998 Dead or Alive Import Review GameSpot Archived from the original on August 17 2018 Retrieved 2013 12 22 a b c d e MacDonald Ryan April 7 1998 Dead or Alive Review GameSpot Archived from the original on August 17 2018 Retrieved June 5 2013 a b Dead or Alive Next Generation No 28 Imagine Media April 1997 p 132 a b c d e f Finals Next Generation No 37 Imagine Media January 1998 p 155 Consoles issue 71 pages 180 181 a b c d e f Import Review Dead or Alive Sega Saturn Magazine No 30 April 1998 p 67 Game Machine s Best Hit Games 25 TVゲーム機ーソフトウェア Video Game Software Game Machine in Japanese No 533 Amusement Press Inc 1 January 1997 p 33 Game Machine s Best Hit Games 25 TVゲーム機ーソフトウェア Video Game Software Game Machine in Japanese No 576 Amusement Press Inc 15 November 1998 p 21 The History Of TECMO Dead or Alive YouTube 2011 02 15 Retrieved 2016 03 06 Game Data Library 1997 Weekly Sega Saturn Japanese Ranking Archived from the original on December 30 2008 Retrieved 2016 03 06 a b c Scary Larry March 1998 Saturn ProReview Dead or Alive GamePro No 114 IDG p 100 a b Scary Larry May 1998 PlayStation ProReview Dead or Alive GamePro No 116 IDG p 82 Best Sega Saturn Games of All Time GamesRadar March 6 2014 Archived from the original on March 21 2016 Retrieved 1 May 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Peter Rubin The 50 Best Fighting Games of All Time Archived 2014 06 25 at the Wayback Machine Complex com March 15 2011External links editSaturn version official website in Japanese PlayStation version official website in Japanese Dead or Alive at MobyGames Dead or Alive at the Killer List of Videogames Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dead or Alive video game amp oldid 1220931257, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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