This species is an emergentaquatic plant. It is an annual or short-lived perennial herb growing up to a meter tall. The floating or emergent leaves have blades up to 10 centimeters long by 4 wide and lance-shaped to heart-shaped. They are borne on petioles up to 30 centimeters long. The branching inflorescence has whorls of flowers. Each flower has tiny green sepals and white or pink petals a few millimeters long. The star-shaped aggregate fruit is made up of follicles containing seeds.[3][7]
This plant grows in habitat with slow-moving and still water, such as swamps.[3]
In agriculture, this plant has been called "the most important broadleaf weed in the Australian rice crop."[5] Most rice is grown in Victoria and New South Wales.[5] This weed has been controlled with the herbicide bensulfuron-methyl, but it has become less effective as herbicide-resistant strains have evolved.[5] A pathogenicfungus, Rhynchosporium alismatis, was discovered on the plant, and it has become an option for biological control as a mycoherbicide. The fungus causes chlorosis and necrosis of the leaves on the mature plant and stunting of immature individuals. If immature weeds in a paddy are stunted, the rice plants may have a competitive advantage.[4] The fungus can kill seedlings, and if it infects the inflorescence of the weed it can reduce seed weight and viability.[8] The fungus can also help control another rice weed, Alisma lanceolatum.[6]
Referencesedit
^ abc"Damasonium minus (R.Br.) Buchenau". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
^"Damasonium%". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database (listing by % wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia). Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
^ abcDamasonium minus. 2011-04-06 at the Wayback Machine Threatened Flora of Tasmania.
^ abJahromi, F.G.; Ash, G.J.; Cother, E.J. (2004). "Factors Affecting Disease Development by Rhynchosporium alismatis in Starfruit (Damasonium minus), a Weed of Rice". Biocontrol Science and Technology. 14 (3): 281–290. doi:10.1080/09583150410001665169.
^ abcdJahromi, F.G.; Cother, E.J.; Ash, G.J. (2002). "Early infection process of Damasonium minusby the potential mycoherbistat Rhynchosporium alismatis". Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology. 24 (2): 131–138. doi:10.1080/07060660309506987.
^ abCother, EJ; Gilbert, RL (1994). "Efficacy of a potential mycoherbicide for control of Alisma lanceolatum and Damasonium minus in Australian rice crops". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 34 (7): 1043–1050. doi:10.1071/EA9941043.
^Damasonium minus. New South Wales Flora Online. National Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney.
^Cother, E. J., et al. "Development of the mycoherbistat fungus Rhynchosporium alismatis for control of Alismataceae weeds in rice." In: Hill, J. E. and B. Hardy, Eds. Proceedings of the Second Temperate Rice Conference. June 13–17, 1999. Sacramento, California. pg. 509.
March 12, 2024
damasonium, minus, species, flowering, plant, water, plantain, family, known, common, names, starfruit, star, fruit, confused, with, cultivated, starfruit, native, australia, where, occurs, everywhere, except, northern, territory, perhaps, best, known, agricul. Damasonium minus is a species of flowering plant in the water plantain family known by the common names starfruit and star fruit not to be confused with the cultivated starfruit 1 It is native to Australia where it occurs everywhere except the Northern Territory 1 3 It is perhaps best known as an agricultural weed It is a major weed of Australian rice crops 4 5 6 Damasonium minusScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AlismatalesFamily AlismataceaeGenus DamasoniumSpecies D minusBinomial nameDamasonium minus R Br Buchenau 1 Synonyms 2 Damasonium australe Salisb nom illeg nom superfl This species is an emergent aquatic plant It is an annual or short lived perennial herb growing up to a meter tall The floating or emergent leaves have blades up to 10 centimeters long by 4 wide and lance shaped to heart shaped They are borne on petioles up to 30 centimeters long The branching inflorescence has whorls of flowers Each flower has tiny green sepals and white or pink petals a few millimeters long The star shaped aggregate fruit is made up of follicles containing seeds 3 7 This plant grows in habitat with slow moving and still water such as swamps 3 In agriculture this plant has been called the most important broadleaf weed in the Australian rice crop 5 Most rice is grown in Victoria and New South Wales 5 This weed has been controlled with the herbicide bensulfuron methyl but it has become less effective as herbicide resistant strains have evolved 5 A pathogenic fungus Rhynchosporium alismatis was discovered on the plant and it has become an option for biological control as a mycoherbicide The fungus causes chlorosis and necrosis of the leaves on the mature plant and stunting of immature individuals If immature weeds in a paddy are stunted the rice plants may have a competitive advantage 4 The fungus can kill seedlings and if it infects the inflorescence of the weed it can reduce seed weight and viability 8 The fungus can also help control another rice weed Alisma lanceolatum 6 References edit a b c Damasonium minus R Br Buchenau Australian Plant Name Index APNI IBIS database Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research Australian Government Retrieved 17 June 2013 Damasonium Australian Plant Name Index APNI Integrated Botanical Information System IBIS database listing by wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research Australian Government Retrieved 17 June 2013 a b c Damasonium minus Archived 2011 04 06 at the Wayback Machine Threatened Flora of Tasmania a b Jahromi F G Ash G J Cother E J 2004 Factors Affecting Disease Development by Rhynchosporium alismatis in Starfruit Damasonium minus a Weed of Rice Biocontrol Science and Technology 14 3 281 290 doi 10 1080 09583150410001665169 a b c d Jahromi F G Cother E J Ash G J 2002 Early infection process of Damasonium minusby the potential mycoherbistat Rhynchosporium alismatis Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 24 2 131 138 doi 10 1080 07060660309506987 a b Cother EJ Gilbert RL 1994 Efficacy of a potential mycoherbicide for control of Alisma lanceolatum and Damasonium minus in Australian rice crops Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34 7 1043 1050 doi 10 1071 EA9941043 Damasonium minus New South Wales Flora Online National Herbarium Royal Botanic Garden Sydney Cother E J et al Development of the mycoherbistat fungus Rhynchosporium alismatis for control of Alismataceae weeds in rice In Hill J E and B Hardy Eds Proceedings of the Second Temperate Rice Conference June 13 17 1999 Sacramento California pg 509 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Damasonium minus amp oldid 1010792677, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
