The history of Czchów dates back to the time when this part of Poland probably belonged to Great Moravia. Some sources claim that the very name of the town is of Czech origin, as in the documents from the 13th century, it was spelled Czechou, Cechou, and Cehiov. According to Jan Długosz, among first residents of the settlements were Germans, captured by King Bolesław Chrobry during his wars with the Holy Roman Empire. In 1280, Princess Kinga of Poland met here with Prince of Kraków, Leszek Czarny to discuss a conflict among Piast princes. At that time the village of Czchów belonged to the Bishops of Kraków, and at the beginning of the 14th century, it became a royal possession. During the reign of King Casimir III the Great, Czchów was surrounded by a defensive wall, and on November 24, 1355, it received Magdeburg rights. On a surrounding hill the Czchów Castle was built, to protect a merchant route along the Dunajec river towards Kingdom of Hungary, and a custom house. The castle was based on an earlier, Romanesquewatchtower.
View of the town in 2015
By 1357, Czchów already was the seat of a castellan, a starosta, and of a county, located in Lesser Poland’s Kraków Voivodeship. Here, local szlachta met for their councils (see sejmik), and the town was a location of a court. In 1433, Czchów received a privilege to organize a fair, and in 1565, King Sigismund Augustus marked Czchów as the location of permanent border fairs. The town was conveniently located along a Dunajec river merchant route to Kingdom of Bohemia and Kingdom of Hungary. Czchów was an important urban center, which in 1545 got its own waterworks and sewage system. In the 16th century, Czchów was one of centers of Protestant Reformation, here Fausto Sozzini lived for a few years.
The period of prosperity ended in the mid-17th century. Old merchant route along the Dunajec was replaced with new routes, the river frequently flooded the town, and the area was devastated in the Swedish invasion of Poland. In 1662 the population of Czchów was reduced to only 500, and in 1690, after a disastrous flood, only 36 houses remained. The castle lost its military importance, and was turned into a prison. After the Partitions of Poland, Czchów became part of Austrian province of Galicia (1772), where it remained until 1918. The decline was so severe, that in 1928, the government of the Second Polish Republic reduced it to the status of a village.
^ ab"Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-07-28. Data for territorial unit 1202034.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Czchów.
Jewish Community in Czchów on Virtual Shtetl
January 01, 1970
czchów, ʂxuf, yiddish, טשיכוב, chekhoiv, german, weißenkirchen, town, brzesko, county, lesser, poland, voivodeship, poland, with, inhabitants, december, 2021, lies, dunajec, river, along, national, road, years, 1928, 2000, village, church, nativity, virgin, ma. Czchow t ʂxuf Yiddish טשיכוב Chekhoiv German Weissenkirchen is a town in Brzesko County Lesser Poland Voivodeship Poland with 2 288 inhabitants as of December 2021 1 It lies on the Dunajec river and along National Road Nr 75 In the years 1928 2000 Czchow was a village CzchowChurch of the Nativity of the Virgin MaryCoat of armsCzchowCoordinates 49 51 N 20 41 E 49 850 N 20 683 E 49 850 20 683Country PolandVoivodeshipLesser PolandCountyBrzeskoGminaCzchowGovernment MayorMarek ChudobaArea Total14 08 km2 5 44 sq mi Population 31 December 2021 1 Total2 288 Density160 km2 420 sq mi Postal code32 860Area code 48 14Car platesKBRWebsitehttp www czchow pl Contents 1 History 2 Tourism 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editThe history of Czchow dates back to the time when this part of Poland probably belonged to Great Moravia Some sources claim that the very name of the town is of Czech origin as in the documents from the 13th century it was spelled Czechou Cechou and Cehiov According to Jan Dlugosz among first residents of the settlements were Germans captured by King Boleslaw Chrobry during his wars with the Holy Roman Empire In 1280 Princess Kinga of Poland met here with Prince of Krakow Leszek Czarny to discuss a conflict among Piast princes At that time the village of Czchow belonged to the Bishops of Krakow and at the beginning of the 14th century it became a royal possession During the reign of King Casimir III the Great Czchow was surrounded by a defensive wall and on November 24 1355 it received Magdeburg rights On a surrounding hill the Czchow Castle was built to protect a merchant route along the Dunajec river towards Kingdom of Hungary and a custom house The castle was based on an earlier Romanesque watchtower nbsp View of the town in 2015 By 1357 Czchow already was the seat of a castellan a starosta and of a county located in Lesser Poland s Krakow Voivodeship Here local szlachta met for their councils see sejmik and the town was a location of a court In 1433 Czchow received a privilege to organize a fair and in 1565 King Sigismund Augustus marked Czchow as the location of permanent border fairs The town was conveniently located along a Dunajec river merchant route to Kingdom of Bohemia and Kingdom of Hungary Czchow was an important urban center which in 1545 got its own waterworks and sewage system In the 16th century Czchow was one of centers of Protestant Reformation here Fausto Sozzini lived for a few years The period of prosperity ended in the mid 17th century Old merchant route along the Dunajec was replaced with new routes the river frequently flooded the town and the area was devastated in the Swedish invasion of Poland In 1662 the population of Czchow was reduced to only 500 and in 1690 after a disastrous flood only 36 houses remained The castle lost its military importance and was turned into a prison After the Partitions of Poland Czchow became part of Austrian province of Galicia 1772 where it remained until 1918 The decline was so severe that in 1928 the government of the Second Polish Republic reduced it to the status of a village Tourism editAmong points of interest there are Gothic parish church 1346 Baroque chapel 18th century ruins of the Czchow Castle market square with historic houses numerous manor houses in the area of the town Tropsztyn Castle located 6 kilometres 3 7 miles south of Czchow See also editList of cities and towns in PolandReferences edit a b Local Data Bank Statistics Poland Retrieved 2022 07 28 Data for territorial unit 1202034 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Czchow Jewish Community in Czchow on Virtual Shtetl Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Czchow amp oldid 1142574928, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
