This article is about the digestive croup. For the top of the hindquarters, also known as the croup, see Rump (animal).
A crop (sometimes also called a croup or a craw, ingluvies, or sublingual pouch) is a thin-walled expanded portion of the alimentary tract used for the storage of food prior to digestion. This anatomical structure is found in a wide variety of animals. It has been found in birds, and in invertebrate animals including gastropods (snails and slugs), earthworms,[1]leeches,[2] and insects.[3]
Cropping is used by bees to temporarily store nectar of flowers. When bees "suck" nectar, it is stored in their crops.[4] Other Hymenoptera also use crops to store liquid food. The crop in eusocial insects, such as ants, has specialized to be distensible, and this specialization enables important communication between colonial insects through trophallaxis. [5] The crop can be found in the foregut of insects. [6]
Birds
In a bird's digestive system, the crop is an expanded, muscular pouch near the gullet or throat. It is a part of the digestive tract, essentially an enlarged part of the esophagus. As with most other organisms that have a crop, it is used to temporarily store food. Not all bird species have one. In adult doves and pigeons, it can produce crop milk to feed newly hatched birds.[7]
Scavenging birds, such as vultures, will gorge themselves when prey is abundant, causing their crop to bulge. They subsequently sit, sleepy or half torpid, to digest their food.
"Craw" is an obsolete term for "crop",[13] and this is still seen in the saying "it sticks in my craw" meaning "I can't [metaphorically] swallow it", that is, that a situation or other entity is unacceptable, or at any rate annoying.[14]
^. Archived from the original on 2008-12-04. Retrieved 2008-12-16.
^Sawyer, Roy T. "Leech Biology and Behaviour, Volume II" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-01-09.
^Triplehorn, Charles A; Johnson, Norman F (2005). Borror and DeLong's introduction to the study of insects (7th ed.). Australia: Thomson, Brooks/Cole. ISBN9780030968358.
^Grindol, Diane (12 December 2013). "Five Pet Parrot Facts". Lafeber Company. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
^O'Connor, Jingmai K.; Zhou, Zhonghe (2020). "The evolution of the modern avian digestive system: Insights from paravian fossils from the Yanliao and Jehol biotas". Palaeontology. 63: 13–27. doi:10.1111/pala.12453. S2CID 210265348.
^Alfred Hickling. "Review: The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes edited by Leslie S Klinger | Books". The Guardian. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
^[abattoir "craw"]. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved August 15, 2021. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
^"stick in your craw". Macmillan Dictionary. Retrieved August 15, 2021.
External links
The Alimentary Canal in Birds
January 26, 2023
crop, anatomy, this, article, about, digestive, croup, hindquarters, also, known, croup, rump, animal, crop, sometimes, also, called, croup, craw, ingluvies, sublingual, pouch, thin, walled, expanded, portion, alimentary, tract, used, storage, food, prior, dig. This article is about the digestive croup For the top of the hindquarters also known as the croup see Rump animal A crop sometimes also called a croup or a craw ingluvies or sublingual pouch is a thin walled expanded portion of the alimentary tract used for the storage of food prior to digestion This anatomical structure is found in a wide variety of animals It has been found in birds and in invertebrate animals including gastropods snails and slugs earthworms 1 leeches 2 and insects 3 Two green thighed parrots with bulging crops after feeding source source source source source source source source source source A Graylag goose eats grass the full crop is clearly visible One greater flamingo chick in Zoo Basel is fed on crop milk The crop serial 4 prominently seen at the beginning of the alimentary canal Contents 1 Insects 2 Birds 3 Literary references 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksInsects EditCropping is used by bees to temporarily store nectar of flowers When bees suck nectar it is stored in their crops 4 Other Hymenoptera also use crops to store liquid food The crop in eusocial insects such as ants has specialized to be distensible and this specialization enables important communication between colonial insects through trophallaxis 5 The crop can be found in the foregut of insects 6 Birds EditIn a bird s digestive system the crop is an expanded muscular pouch near the gullet or throat It is a part of the digestive tract essentially an enlarged part of the esophagus As with most other organisms that have a crop it is used to temporarily store food Not all bird species have one In adult doves and pigeons it can produce crop milk to feed newly hatched birds 7 Scavenging birds such as vultures will gorge themselves when prey is abundant causing their crop to bulge They subsequently sit sleepy or half torpid to digest their food Most raptors including hawks eagles and vultures as stated above have a crop however owls do not Similarly all true quail Old World quail and New World quail have a crop but buttonquail do not Chickens turkeys ducks 8 and geese 9 possess a crop as do parrots 10 Some extinct birds like Enantiornithes did not have crops 11 Literary references EditIn the Sherlock Holmes story The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle 1892 author Arthur Conan Doyle hid a valuable gem inside a goose s crop 12 Craw is an obsolete term for crop 13 and this is still seen in the saying it sticks in my craw meaning I can t metaphorically swallow it that is that a situation or other entity is unacceptable or at any rate annoying 14 See also EditEsophagus Gizzard Gular pouch in bird anatomy a flap generally used to store fish and other prey while hunting Intestines Proventriculus StomachReferences Edit Worm World About Earthworms Archived from the original on 2008 12 04 Retrieved 2008 12 16 Sawyer Roy T Leech Biology and Behaviour Volume II PDF Retrieved 2014 01 09 Triplehorn Charles A Johnson Norman F 2005 Borror and DeLong s introduction to the study of insects 7th ed Australia Thomson Brooks Cole ISBN 9780030968358 Honeybee Biology 1994 Retrieved 2008 12 16 Leboeuf Adria C Waridel Patrice Brent Colin S Goncalves Andre N Menin Laure Ortiz Daniel Riba Grognuz Oksana Koto Akiko Soares Zamira G Privman Eyal Miska Eric A Benton Richard Keller Laurent 2019 Oral transfer of chemical cues growth proteins and hormones in social insects eLife 5 doi 10 7554 eLife 20375 PMC 5153251 PMID 27894417 Sal Lorrianne K 12 February 2017 Digestion An imperative process for insects Gordon John Larkman Ramel 2008 09 29 The Alimentary Canal in Birds Retrieved 2008 12 16 Jalaludeen A Churchil R Richard Baeza Elisabeth eds 2022 Duck Production and Management Strategies doi 10 1007 978 981 16 6100 6 ISBN 978 981 16 6099 3 S2CID 246040130 Chapter 3 DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY Grindol Diane 12 December 2013 Five Pet Parrot Facts Lafeber Company Retrieved 6 November 2021 O Connor Jingmai K Zhou Zhonghe 2020 The evolution of the modern avian digestive system Insights from paravian fossils from the Yanliao and Jehol biotas Palaeontology 63 13 27 doi 10 1111 pala 12453 S2CID 210265348 Alfred Hickling Review The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes edited by Leslie S Klinger Books The Guardian Retrieved 2012 07 26 abattoir craw Merriam Webster Dictionary Retrieved August 15 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Check url value help stick in your craw Macmillan Dictionary Retrieved August 15 2021 External links EditThe Alimentary Canal in Birds Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Crop anatomy amp oldid 1131311773, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
