The New World quail are small birds only distantly related to the Old World quail, but named for their similar appearance and habits. The American species are in their own family, the Odontophoridae, whereas Old World quail are in the pheasant family Phasianidae. The family ranges from Canada through to southern Brazil, and two species, the California quail and the bobwhite quail, have been successfully introduced to New Zealand. The stone partridge and Nahan's partridge, both found in Africa, seem to belong to the family. Species are found across a variety of habitats from tropical rainforest to deserts, although few species are capable of surviving at very low temperatures. The 34 species are placed in 10 genera.
The legs of most New World quails are short but powerful, with some species having very thick legs for digging. They lack the spurs of many Old World galliformes. Although they are capable of short bursts of strong flight, New World quails prefer to walk, and run from danger (or hide), taking off explosively only as a last resort. Plumage varies from dull to spectacular, and many species have ornamental crests or plumes on their heads. Moderate sexual dichromism is seen in plumage, with males having brighter plumage.
The New World quails are shy diurnal birds and generally live on the ground; even the tree quails, which roost in high trees, generally feed mainly on the ground. They are generalists with regards to their diet, taking insects, seeds, vegetation, and tubers. Desert species in particular consume seeds frequently.
Most of the information about the breeding biology of New World quails comes from North American species, which have been better studied than those of the Neotropics. The family is generally thought to be monogamous, and nests are constructed on the ground. Clutch sizes are large, as is typical within the Galliformes, ranging from three to six eggs for the tree quail and wood quail, and as high as 10-15 for the northern bobwhite. Incubation takes between 16 and 30 days depending on the species. Chicks are precocial and quickly leave the nest to accompany the parents in large family groups.
Northern bobwhite and California quail are popular gamebirds, with many taken by hunters, but these species have also had their ranges increased to meet hunting demand and are not threatened. They are also artificially stocked. Some species are threatened by human activity, such as the bearded tree quail of Mexico, which is threatened by habitat loss and illegal hunting.
New World quail videos on the Internet Bird Collection
January 26, 2023
world, quail, small, birds, only, distantly, related, world, quail, named, their, similar, appearance, habits, american, species, their, family, odontophoridae, whereas, world, quail, pheasant, family, phasianidae, family, ranges, from, canada, through, southe. The New World quail are small birds only distantly related to the Old World quail but named for their similar appearance and habits The American species are in their own family the Odontophoridae whereas Old World quail are in the pheasant family Phasianidae The family ranges from Canada through to southern Brazil and two species the California quail and the bobwhite quail have been successfully introduced to New Zealand The stone partridge and Nahan s partridge both found in Africa seem to belong to the family Species are found across a variety of habitats from tropical rainforest to deserts although few species are capable of surviving at very low temperatures The 34 species are placed in 10 genera New World quailNorthern bobwhiteScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder GalliformesSuperfamily PhasianoideaFamily OdontophoridaeGould 1844GeneraDendrortyx Oreortyx Callipepla Philortyx Colinus Odontophorus Dactylortyx Cyrtonyx Rhynchortyx PtilopachusThe legs of most New World quails are short but powerful with some species having very thick legs for digging They lack the spurs of many Old World galliformes Although they are capable of short bursts of strong flight New World quails prefer to walk and run from danger or hide taking off explosively only as a last resort Plumage varies from dull to spectacular and many species have ornamental crests or plumes on their heads Moderate sexual dichromism is seen in plumage with males having brighter plumage Contents 1 Behaviour and ecology 2 Species 2 1 Fossils 3 Phylogeny 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksBehaviour and ecology EditThe New World quails are shy diurnal birds and generally live on the ground even the tree quails which roost in high trees generally feed mainly on the ground They are generalists with regards to their diet taking insects seeds vegetation and tubers Desert species in particular consume seeds frequently Most of the information about the breeding biology of New World quails comes from North American species which have been better studied than those of the Neotropics The family is generally thought to be monogamous and nests are constructed on the ground Clutch sizes are large as is typical within the Galliformes ranging from three to six eggs for the tree quail and wood quail and as high as 10 15 for the northern bobwhite Incubation takes between 16 and 30 days depending on the species Chicks are precocial and quickly leave the nest to accompany the parents in large family groups Northern bobwhite and California quail are popular gamebirds with many taken by hunters but these species have also had their ranges increased to meet hunting demand and are not threatened They are also artificially stocked Some species are threatened by human activity such as the bearded tree quail of Mexico which is threatened by habitat loss and illegal hunting Species EditSubspecies English names by Cinar 2015 1 Subfamily Image Genus SpeciesPtilopachinae Bowie Coehn amp Crowe 2013 Ptilopachus Swainson 1837 Nahan s partridge forest francolin Ptilopachus nahani Dubois 1905 Stone partridge Bantam Ptilopachus petrosus Gmelin 1789 P p brehmiNeumann 1908 Kordofan stone partridge P p majorNeumann 1908 Abyssinian Ethiopian stone partridge P p florentiaeOgilvie Grant 1900 Kenya stone partridge P p petrosus Gmelin 1789 Odontophorinae Gould 1844 New World quails Rhynchortyx Ogilvie Grant 1893 Banded Tawny faced quail Rhynchortyx cinctus Salvin 1876 Ogilvie Grant 1893 R c pudibundusPeters 1929 Honduran long legged colin R c cinctus Salvin 1876 long legged colin R c australisChapman 1915 southern long legged colin Oreortyx Douglas 1829 Baird 1858 Mountain quail Oreortyx pictus Douglas 1829 Baird 1858 O p pictus Douglas 1829 non Peters northwestern mountain quail O p plumifer Gould 1837 plumed mountain quail O p russelliMiller 1946 pallid mountain quail O p eremophilusvan Rossem 1937 desert mountain quail O p confinisAnthony 1889 southern mountain quail Dendrortyx Gould 1844 Bearded wood partridge Dendrortyx barbatusGould 1846 Buffy crowned wood partridge Dendrortyx leucophrys Gould 1844 D l leucophrys Gould 1844 Guatemalan Nicaraguan long tailed partridge D l hypospodiusSalvin 1896 Costa Rican long tailed partridge Long tailed wood partridge Dendrortyx macroura Jardine amp Selby 1828 D m macroura Jardine amp Selby 1828 eastern long tailed partridge D m griseipectusNelson 1897 gray breasted long tailed partridge D m diversusFriedmann 1943 Jalisco long tailed partridge D m striatusNelson 1897 Guerreran long tailed partridge D m inesperatusPhillips 1966 D m oaxacaeNelson 1897 Oaxacan long tailed partridge Philortyx Gould 1846 non Des Murs 1854 Banded quail Philortyx fasciatus Gould 1844 Gould 1846 Colinus Goldfuss 1820 Bobwhites Colinus eatoni Colinus suiliumBrodkorb 1959 Colinus hibbardiWetmore 1944 Crested bobwhite Colinus cristatus Linnaeus 1766 C c mariaeWetmore 1962 C c panamensisDickey amp van Rossem 1930 Panama crested quail C c decoratus Todd 1917 Magdalena crested quail C c littoralis Todd 1917 littoral crested quail C c cristatus Linnaeus 1766 C c horvathi Madarasz 1904 Horvath s quail C c barnesiGilliard 1940 C c sonnini Temminck 1815 Sonnini s crested quail C c mocquerysi Hartert 1894 Mocquerys s Cumana crested quail C c leucotis Gould 1844 white eared crested quail C c badiusConover 1938 Cauca Valley crested quail C c bogotensisDugand 1943 Bogota crested bobwhite C c parvicristatus Gould 1843 short crested quail Spot bellied bobwhite Colinus leucopogon Lesson 1842 C l incanusFriedmann 1944 Guatemalan white breasted bobwhite C l hypoleucus Gould 1860 Salvadorean White breasted Bobwhite C l leucopogon Lesson 1842 white throated quail C l leylandi Moore 1859 Leyland s spot bellied quail C l sclateri Bonaparte 1856 Sclater s spot bellied bobwhite C l dickeyiConover 1932 Dickey s spot bellied bobwhite Yucatan Black throated bobwhite Colinus nigrogularis Gould 1843 C n cabotivan Tyne amp Trautman 1941 C n persiccusvan Tyne amp Trautman 1941 Progreso black throated bobwhite C n nigrogularis Gould 1843 C n segoviensisRidgway 1888 Honduran black throated quail masked Northern bobwhite Colinus virginianus Linnaeus 1758 C v graysoni subspecies group C v graysoni Lawrence 1867 Grayson s Bobwhite C v nigripectusNelson 1897 puebla northern bobwhite C v pectoralis subspecies group C v pectoralis Gould 1843 black breasted bobwhite C v godmaniNelson 1897 Godman s northern bobwhite C v minorNelson 1901 least northern bobwhite C v thayeriBangs amp Peters 1928 Thayer s northern bobwhite C v coyolcos subspecies group C v nelsoni Nelson s bobwhite C v ridgwayiBrewster 1885 Masked northern Bobwhite C v insignisNelson 1897 Guatemalan northern bobwhite C v salviniNelson 1897 Salvin s northern bobwhite C v coyolcos Statius Muller 1776 coyolcos Bobwhite C v harrisoniOrr amp Webster 1968 Harrison s bobwhite C v atriceps Ogilvie Grant 1893 black headed northern bobwhite C v virginianus subspecies group C v aridus Lawrence 1853 Aldrich 1942 Jaumave northern bobwhite C v cubanensis Gray 1846 Cuban bobwhite C v floridanus Coues 1872 Florida bobwhite C v maculatus Nelson 1899 spot bellied northern bobwhite C v virginianus Linnaeus 1758 Eastern bobwhite C v taylori Lincoln 1915 plains bobwhite C v texanus Lawrence 1853 Texas bobwhite Callipepla Wagler 1832 Crested quails Callipepla shotwelli Brodkorb 1958 Scaled quail blue quail Callipepla squamata Vigors 1830 C s pallidaBrewster 1881 northern scaled quail C s hargraveiRea 1973 Upper Sonoran scaled quail C s castanogastrisBrewster 1883 chestnut bellied scaled quail C s squamata Vigors 1830 Altiplano scaled quail Elegant quail Callipepla douglasii Vigors 1829 C d douglasii Vigors 1829 Douglas s elegant quail C d bensoniRidgway 1887 Benson s elegant quail C d vanderbilti Islas Marias elegant quail C d teres Friedmann 1943 Jalisco elegant quail California quail Callipepla californica Shaw 1798 C c brunnescens Ridgway 1884 coastal California quail C c canfieldae van Rossem 1939 Owen Valley quail C c californica Shaw 1798 valley California quail C c catalinensis Grinnell 1906 Santa Catalina California quail C c achrustera Peters 1923 San Lucas California quail Gambel s quail Callipepla gambelii Gambel 1843 C g gambelii Gambel 1843 southwestern Gambel s quail C g ignoscensFriedmann 1943 Texas Gambel s quail C g fulvipectusNelson 1899 fulvous breasted Gambel s quail C g stephensiPhillips 1959 Stephen s Gambel s quail Cyrtonyx Gould 1844 Cyrtonyx cookiGutierrez et al 1981 Ocellated quail Cyrtonyx ocellatus Gould 1837 Montezuma quail Cyrtonyx montezumae Vigors 1830 C m mearnsiNelson 1900 Mearns s Montezuma quail C m montezumae Vigors 1830 Massena harlequin quail C m rowleyiPhillips 1966 C m salleiVerreaux 1859 Salle s Montezuma spot breasted quail Dactylortyx Gambel 1848 Ogilvie Grant 1893 long toed Singing quail Dactylortyx thoracicus Gambel 1848 Ogilvie Grant 1893 D t pettingilliWarner amp Harrell 1957 D t thoracicus Gambel 1848 Veracruz singing quail D t sharpeiNelson 1903 Yucatan singing quail D t paynteriWarner amp Harrell 1955 D t deviusNelson 1898 Jaliscan singing quail D t melodusWarner amp Harrell 1957 D t chiapensisNelson 1898 Chiapan singing quail D t dolichonyxWarner amp Harrell 1957 Dactylortyx thoracicus calophonus D t salvadoranusDickey amp van Rossem 1928 Salvadorean long toed partridge D t fuscusConover 1937 Honduran long toed partridge D t conoveriWarner amp Harrell 1957 Odontophorus Vieillot 1816 wood quails Spotted wood quail Odontophorus guttatus Gould 1838 Marbled wood quail Odontophorus gujanensis Gmelin 1789 O g castigatusBangs 1901 Chiriqui partridge O g marmoratus Gould 1843 marbled partridge O g mediusChapman 1929 Duida partridge O g gujanensis Gmelin 1789 Guianan partridge O g buckleyiChubb 1919 Buckley s partridge O g rufogularisBlake 1959 O g pachyrhynchusTschudi 1844 thick billed partridge O g simonsiChubb 1919 Simon s partridge Starred wood quail Odontophorus stellatus Gould 1843 Spot winged wood quail Odontophorus capueira von Spix 1825 Black eared wood quail Odontophorus melanotisSalvin 1865 O m verecundusPeters 1929 Honduran partridge O m melanotisSalvin 1865 black eared wood quail Rufous fronted wood quail Odontophorus erythropsGould 1859 O e parambaeRothschild 1897 Paramba quail O e erythropsGould 1859 chestnut eared partridge Stripe faced wood quail Odontophorus ballivianiGould 1846 Chestnut wood quail Odontophorus hyperythrusGould 1858 Dark backed wood quail Odontophorus melanonotusGould 1861 Rufous breasted wood quail Odontophorus speciosusTschudi 1843 O s soderstromiiLonnberg amp Rendahl 1922 Soderstrom s partridge O s speciosusTschudi 1843 rufous breasted partridge O s loricatusTodd 1932 Bolivian partridge Tacarcuna wood quail Odontophorus dialeucosWetmore 1963 Gorgeted wood quail Odontophorus strophium Gould 1844 Venezuelan wood quail Odontophorus columbianusGould 1850 Black breasted wood quail Odontophorus leucolaemusSalvin 1867 Black fronted wood quail Odontophorus atrifronsAllen 1900 O a atrifronsAllen 1900 black fronted partridge O a variegatusTodd 1919 variegated partridge O a navaiAveledo amp Pons 1952Fossils Edit Genus Miortyx Miller 1944 Miortyx teres Miller 1944 Miortyx aldeni Howard 1966 Genus Nanortyx Weigel 1963 Nanortyx inexpectatus Weigel 1963 Genus Neortyx Holman 1961 Neortyx peninsularis Holman 1961Phylogeny EditLiving Odontophoridae based on the work by John Boyd 2 Ptilopachinae Ptilopachus P nahani Dubois 1905 P petrosus Gmelin 1789 Odontophorinae Rhynchortyx cinctus Salvin 1876 Ogilvie Grant 1893Oreortyx pictus Douglas 1829 Baird 1858Dendrortyx D leucophrys Gould 1844 D barbatus Gould 1846D macroura Jardine amp Selby 1828 Philortyx fasciatus Gould 1844 Gould 1846Callipepla C squamata Vigors 1830 C douglasii Vigors 1829 C gambelii Gambel 1843 C californica Shaw 1798 Colinus C leucopogon Lesson 1842 C cristatus Linnaeus 1766 C nigrogularis Gould 1843 C virginianus Linnaeus 1758 Cyrtonyx C ocellatus Gould 1837 C montezumae Vigors 1830 Dactylortyx thoracicus Gambel 1848 Ogilvie Grant 1893Odontophorus O guttatus Gould 1838 O gujanensis Gmelin 1789 O stellatus Gould 1843 O capueira von Spix 1825 O melanotis Salvin 1865O erythrops Gould 1859O balliviani Gould 1846 O hyperythrus Gould 1858 O melanonotus Gould 1861O speciosus Tschudi 1843 O dialeucos Wetmore 1963 O strophium Gould 1844 O columbianus Gould 1850 O leucolaemus Salvin 1867O atrifrons Allen 1900See also EditQuail eggs List of GalliformesReferences Edit Cinar Umut November 2015 02 Gᴀʟʟᴏᴀɴsᴇʀᴀᴇ Gᴀʟʟɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs English Names of Birds Retrieved 30 December 2015 Boyd John 2007 Odontophoridae PDF John Boyd s website Retrieved 30 December 2015 del Hoyo J Elliot A amp Sargatal J editors 1994 Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 2 New World Vultures to Guineafowl Lynx Edicions ISBN 84 87334 15 6External links Editgbwf org Quail Aviculture amp Conservation New World quail videos on the Internet Bird Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New World quail amp oldid 1135099171, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
