Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत-समाजवादी), romanized: Nēpāla kamyuniṣṭa pārṭī (Ēkīkr̥ta-Samājavādī)), abbreviated as CPN (Unified Socialist) is a political party in Nepal led by former Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal. As of March 2022, the party had voted in favour of Dahal government and is an important ally in the governing coalition.[8]
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत समाजवादी) | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | CPN (US) or CPN (Socialist) |
Chairman | Madhav Kumar Nepal |
General Secretary | Ghanashyam Bhusal |
Founder | Madhav Kumar Nepal, Jhala Nath Khanal, Pradeep Nepal and others |
Founded | 18 August 2021 |
Registered | 25 August 2021 |
Split from | CPN (UML) |
Headquarters | Min Bhawan, Aaloknagar, Kathmandu |
Student wing | All Nepal National Free Students Union (ANNFSU)[1] |
Youth wing | Youth Association of Nepal [1] |
Women's wing | All Nepal Women's Association (Socialist) [1] |
Labour wing | Integrated Centre of Trade Unions, Nepal |
Membership (2021) | 136,000[2] |
Ideology | Communism Marxism-Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy[3][4] |
Political position | Left-wing |
Alliance | Democratic Left Alliance[5][6][7] |
House of Representatives | 10 / 275 |
National Assembly | 8 / 59 |
Provincial Assemblies | 25 / 550 |
Chief Ministers | 0 / 7 |
Mayors/Chairs | 20 / 753 |
Councillors | 986 / 35,011 |
Election symbol | |
Party flag | |
Website | |
www | |
Former Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal is the chairman of the party and former Prime Minister Jhala Nath Khanal serves as the senior leader.[9][10][11] The party was officially registered at the Election Commission, Nepal on 18 August 2021 while it received its certificate of registration on 25 August when the Election Commission verified its application with signature of more than twenty percent in both central committee and federal parliamentary party.[12][13][14][15]
Ideology
The party's ideology consists of Marxism–Leninism and support for a multi-party system. The party also favors socialist-oriented economy.[16]
History
Formation
The President of Nepal, on the recommendation of the council of ministers issued second amendment on political parties related act on 18 August 2021 relaxing the requirements to split parties with 20 percent or more members of the Parliamentary Party and the Central Committee of the political party.[17][18]
This same amendment opened the way to formalize the splits caused due to the dispute between two factions of Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal and CPN(UML) respectively. The CPN(UML) faction led by Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal which had a long dispute with CPN(UML) chairman KP Sharma Oli had applied to register their party by the name ''CPN (Unified Socialist)'' with the Election Commission.[19] However, the Election Commission requested him not to register under a preregistered name by including some adjectives.[20]
At the time of the launch of the party, leaders claimed to have 31 members in the two national houses of parliament including 23 from House of Representatives and 8 from National Assembly.[21] A Central Committee with 95 members was announced as well.[21][22] However, many politicians of the mother party CPN(UML) hadn't finalised their decision yet including party less leader Bam Dev Gautam.[23] Madhav Kumar Nepal was announced to act as the coordinator of the party.[24]
The decision of Nepal to form a new party was however met with some criticism from within his own faction. The second generation leaders close to him boycotted the decision except party secretary Jeevan Ram Shrestha and Ram Kumari Jhakri. Leaders including Ghanashyam Bhusal and Yogesh Bhattarai sided with KP Sharma Oli for party unity. This faction included leaders like Yubaraj Gyawali, Asta Laxmi Shakya, Bhim Rawal, Ghanashyam Bhusal, Gokarna Bista, Bhim Acharya, Yogesh Bhattarai and standing committee members including Surendra Pandey, Raghuji Panta and Amrit Bohora.[25] They even attended the standing committee meeting of 8th Bhadra which called upon Nepal faction for party unity for a final time and instructed CPN (UML) to fulfill their 10 points demand. Howeven the 10 point demand was never followed.[26][27] Later Bhim Rawal and Ghanashyam Bhusal were ditched and side lined from the party after 10th general convention of former party for not following party supremo Oli.
On the same day (8th Bhadra), Nepal arranged a meeting where he presented the party's doctrine and announced that People's Multiparty Democracy would be their guiding philosophy.[28][29]
Party Authentication
Following the registration, the Election Commission had summoned CPN (Unified Socialist) on 9th Bhadra for authentication. As per the new provision the party had to present signatures 20% of either the central committee or the parliamentary party to authenticate the registration.[30] The party was able to meet the threshold with 55 out of 205 members of the central committee and 9 out of 33 of the National Assembly and 24 out of 121 of House of Representatives.[31]
Among these members, Pradeep Nepal, a central committee member who was earlier close to Oli, was present during signature session.[32] The signature of Jhalanath Khanal who signed it from Delhi was counted although the Election Commission had rejected his previous request to accept such signatures as he had been in Delhi for his kidney transplant.[33][34] However, the Election Commission rejected to accept the signatures of Som Prasad Pandey, Maya Gyawali, Tulsa Thapa and Sharada Devi Bhatta as they hadn't signed the earlier application for party registration.[35] Letter a petition was filed at Supreme Court which allowed them to join the new party.
Organization development and first local election
The party election just eight months after the party formation. In spit of a very short period of organization development, party caders got elected unopposed as chairperson of Kaike and Chharka Tangsong rural municipalities of Dolpa district which remained the highest won unopposed by any party.[36] While the party went to election without alliance in Madhesh Province, the party won six local levels out of which four were from Rautahat, the home district of party chair Madhav Kumar Nepal. The party gave close contest to Nepali Congress. Here, the party won five municipalities and one rural municipality. The party won mayor of Pokhara Metropolitan city and Hetauda Sub-metropolitan city destroying red fort of CPN (UML).[37][38][clarification needed] Although the party obtained support of alliance in numerous places, it was able to bag only twenty local levels signing that the party organization had still not developed as expected.[39]
As a whole, the party won 20 heads, 24 deputy heads, 190 ward chairs and 753 ward members with a total of 986 seats throughout the country. The party went most successful in Madhesh Province where it bagged 6 heads, 5 deputy heads, 80 ward chairs and 310 ward members with a total of 401 seats and that too without any pre electoral alliance contributing to 40% of total national wins.[40]
Party merger and integration
A number of party have merged with CPN (Unified Socialist) since its formation. A list of which is given below:
Year | Party | Leader |
---|---|---|
2021[41] | CPN (Janavadi) | Devendra Singh Mahato |
2021[42] | CPN (Unified) | Alok Rayamajhi |
2021[42] | CPN (Gaurabshali) | Bhabishwar Parajuli |
2021[43] | Unified Socialist Front | Sewantraj Bhandari |
2022[44] | Independent Communist Group | Ghanashyam Bhusal |
Organization and structure
Central organization
Secretariat
A twelve-member Secretariat (also known as High Command) of the party was created. It included:
- Chairperson: Madhav Kumar Nepal
- General secretary: Ghanashyam Bhusal
- Members: Jhala Nath Khanal, Mukunda Neupane, Ram Chandra Jha, Rajendra Prasad Pandey, Pramesh Kumar Hamal, Jayanti Rai, Prakash Jwala, Gangalal Tuladhar, Bijay Paudel and Jagannath Khatiwada[45][46]
Standing Committee
The 35 member Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau has been formed.[47]
Politburo
A 71-member politburo has been formed after the formation of the standing committee and central committee.[47]
Central Committee
The central committee had a total of 301 members, formed on 24 September 2021.[47]
Leadership
The party has one chairperson, seven Deputy chairpersons, one General secretary, four Deputy general secretary and six Secretary. Altogether there are 18 party portfolio holders. Jhalanath Khanal is senior leader and Mukunda Neupane is the leader of the party and are kept at position two and three respectively. Similarly Pradip Nepal is kept at number four.[47][48][49]
Chairperson
Deputy chairperson
- Rajendra Prasad Pandey
- Beduram Bhusal
- Pramesh Kumar Hamal
- Dhanendra Basnet
- Kedar Neupane
- Keshav Lal Shrestha
- Dharmanath Prasad Sah
- Jayanti Rai
General Secretary
Deputy General Secretary
- Prakash Jwala
- Gangalal Tuladhar
- Bijay Paudel
- Jagannath Khatiwada
Secretary
- Nagendra Chaudhary
- Bhagwat Biswasi
- Garima Shah
- Rajendra Kumar Rai
- Ram Kumari Jhakri
- Jeevan Ram Shrestha
Provincial committees
Province[50][49] | Incharge | Deputy Incharge | Chairman | Deputy Chairman | Secretary | Deputy secretary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Province No. 1 | Ghanendra Basnet |
| Baldev Chaudhary |
| Mahesh Regmi | Sarita Thapa |
Madhesh | Dharma Nath Prasad Sah |
| Ram Chandra Yadav |
| Sudhir Sah | Narayan Acharya |
Bagmati | Kedar Neupane |
| Sabitra Bhusal |
| Laxman Lamsal | |
Gandaki | Keshav Lal Shrestha |
| Ramji Sharma |
| Pratap Lal Shrestha | Rekha Thapa Bashyal |
Lumbini | Bhagwat Biswasi | Metmani Chaudhary |
| Raju Gurung |
| |
Karnali | Prakash Jwala |
| Amar Bahadur Thapa |
| Thagendra Prasad Puri |
|
Sudurpaschim | Garima Shah |
| Bikram Shahi | Dinesh Chandra Subedi |
| |
Kathmandu Valley (Special) | Bishwa Nath Pyakurel | Kedar Sanjel | Surya Khatri | Bishnu Lamsal |
Chief ministers
Province | Portrait | Chief Minister | Cabinet | Constituency |
---|---|---|---|---|
Province No. 1 | Rajendra Kumar Rai | Rajendra Kumar Rai | Bhojpur 1(B) | |
Bagmati Province | Rajendra Prasad Pandey[51] | Rajendra Pandey | Dhading 1(A) |
Electoral performance
General election
Election | Leader | Party list votes | Seats | Position | Resulting government | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | |||||
2022 | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 298,391 | 2.83[a] | 10 / 275 | 7th | External Support |
- ^ Represented as Independent for not reaching the 3% threshold
Provincial election
Province | Election | Party list votes | Seats | Position | Resulting government | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | Percentage | |||||
Province No. 1 | 2022 | 55,957 | 2.95 | 4 / 93 | 5th | In opposition |
Madhesh | 113,915 | 5.46 | 7 / 107 | 7th | Confidence & supply | |
Bagmati | 68,101 | 3.52 | 7 / 110 | 4th | In opposition | |
Gandaki | 15,076 | 1.53 | 1 / 60 | 6th | In opposition | |
Lumbini | 42,621 | 2.26 | 1 / 87 | 9th | In opposition | |
Karnali | 35,826 | 6.20 | 1 / 40 | 4th | In opposition | |
Sudurpaschim | 43,819 | 4.89 | 5 / 53 | 5th | In opposition |
List of Members of Parliament
List of Rastriya Sabha members from CPN (Unified Socilaist)
No. | Name | Province | Appointment date | Retirement date |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Jayanti Rai | Province No. 1 | 2022 | 2028 |
2. | Beduram Bhusal | Bagmati | 2020 | 2026 |
3. | Goma Devi Timalsina | 2022 | 2029 | |
4. | Singha Bahadur Bishwakarma | 2018 | 2024 | |
5. | Rajya Laxmi Gaire | Lumbini | 2022 | 2028 |
6. | Udaya Bohara | Karnali | 2022 | 2028 |
7. | Nanda Sharma | 2018 | 2024 | |
8. | Madan Kumari Shah | Sudurpashchim | 2022 | 2028 |
List of Pratinidhi Sabha members from CPN (Unified Socilaist)
No. | Name | Constituency | Portrait | Province | Elected from |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Amar Bahadur Thapa | Dailekh 1 | Karnali | 2022 Nepalese general election | |
2. | Bhanu Bhakta Joshi | Bajhang 1 | Sudurpashchim | ||
3. | Dhan Bahadur Buda | Dolpa 1 | Karnali | ||
4. | Krishna Kumar Shrestha | Bara 4 | Madhesh | ||
5. | Madhav Kumar Nepal | Rautahat 1 | Madhesh | ||
6. | Metmani Chaudhary | Dang 1 | Lumbini | ||
7. | Prakash Jwala | Salyan 1 | Karnali | ||
8. | Prem Bahadur Ale | Doti 1 | Sudurpashchim | ||
9. | Rajendra Prasad Pandey | Dhading 1 | Bagmati | ||
10. | Sher Bahadur Kunwor | Achham 1 | Sudurpashchim |
Sister organizations
Following are the sister organizations of the party:[52]
- Integrated Centre of Trade Unions, Nepal
(एकीकृत ट्रेड युनियन महासंघ, नेपाल) - Youth Association of Nepal
(युवा संघ नेपाल) - All Nepal National Free Students Union
(अखिल नेपाल राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र विद्यार्थी युनियन) - All Nepal Women's Association (Socialist)
(अखिल नेपाल महिला सङ्घ (समाजवादी)) - All Nepal Peasants Association
(अखिल नेपाल किसान महासंघ) - Nepal National Teachers Association
(नेपाल राष्ट्रिय शिक्षक संघ)
See also
References
- ^ a b c "UML reviving its aggressive youth organizations". 21 July 2021. from the original on 2021-08-19. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
- ^ https://www.nepalpress.com/2023/03/24/306741/
- ^ "यस्तो छ माधव नेपालको पार्टीको घोषणा पत्र (पूर्णपाठसहित)".
- ^ "CPN (Unified Socialist), too, to follow 'people's multi-party democracy'". from the original on 2021-08-24. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ "जसपा गठबन्धनबाट बाहिरियो, अब चार दलबीच मात्रै सिट बाँडफाँटमा सहमति हुने".
- ^ "Local elections: 5-party ruling alliance to fight together across Nepal - OnlineKhabar English News". 11 April 2022.
- ^ "Five-party alliance organize mass gathering".
- ^ Republica. "Prime Minister Dahal receives vote of confidence for the second time, 172 MPs cast vote in his favor". My Republica. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
- ^ "Nepal's largest communist party CPN-UML officially splits". The Hindu. PTI. 2021-08-19. ISSN 0971-751X. from the original on 2021-08-19. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "मेरो साथ एकीकृत समाजवादीलाई : झलनाथ खनाल". Naya Patrika. from the original on 2021-08-20. Retrieved 2021-08-20.
- ^ Republica. "Bam Dev Gautam to support CPN-UML (Socialist)". My Republica. from the original on 2021-08-21. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
- ^ "एकता प्रयासमा लागेका नेता ओलीबाट निराश, नेपाल पक्षमा खुल्ने तयारीमा". nepalkhabar (in Nepali). from the original on 2021-08-23. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
- ^ "Nepal's main opposition CPN-UML splits as former PM Madhav Kumar Nepal forms new party". The New Indian Express. from the original on 2021-08-19. Retrieved 2021-08-19.
- ^ "एमाले विभाजित : नेपालले दर्ता गरे नेकपा एमाले (समाजवादी), चुनाव चिह्न खुला किताब". ekantipur.com (in Nepali). from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ "Nepal's largest party splits with faction registering new party". Xinhuanet. 2021-08-25. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ Setopati, सेतोपाटी संवाददाता. "यस्तो छ माधव नेपालको पार्टीको घोषणा पत्र (पूर्णपाठसहित)". Setopati (in Hindi). Retrieved 2022-01-27.
- ^ Online, T. H. T. (2021-08-18). "President Bhandari issues ordinance to amend Political Parties Act". The Himalayan Times. from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ Republica. "Prez Bhandari issues 'party-split' ordinance". My Republica. from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ "माधव नेपालले दर्ता गराए ९८ सदस्यीय एमाले समाजवादी". माधव नेपालले दर्ता गराए ९८ सदस्यीय एमाले समाजवादी. from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ "Nepal faction proposes new name for party–CPN (Ekikrit Samajbadi)". kathmandupost.com. from the original on 2021-08-20. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ a b Ratopati. यी हुन् एमाले (समाजवादी) का ९५ केन्द्रीय सदस्यहरु (सूचीसहित) 2021-08-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "यी हुन् नेकपा एमाले (समाजवादी) पार्टीका केन्द्रीय सदस्यहरू [नामावली]". Lokaantar (in Nepali). from the original on 2021-08-18. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ Republica. "Bam Dev Gautam: Why is my image on Socialist party's banner? I am still with CPN-UML". My Republica. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ Ratopati. UML splits, Madhav Nepal-led UML (Samajbadi) formed 2021-08-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "एमाले एकताको पक्षमा लागेहरु निराश, यस्तो छ अबको रणनीति". Himalaya Television. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "एमाले स्थायी कमिटी बैठकको निर्णय : कसैलाई कारवाही र भेदभाव नगरिने, फर्केर आउन आग्रह". News24 : Premium News Channel. 2021-08-24. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "झलनाथ–माधव विना एमालेमा एकता". Online Khabar. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "चन्द्रगिरि पुगेर माधव नेपालले भने : हामीलाई 'घर न घाट'को बनाउने षड्यन्त्र भयो (भिडियोसहित)". Khabarhub. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "माधव नेपाल नेतृत्वको नेकपा (एकीकृत समाजवादी)ले जबजलाई नै पछ्याउने". News24 : Premium News Channel. 2021-08-24. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ Republica. "55 CC members, 30 lawmakers verify CPN (Unified Socialist)". My Republica. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "यस्ता छन् अन्तिम समयसम्म माधव नेपाललाई साथ दिनेहरु, एकीकृत समाजवादी बन्यो संसदमा चौथो ठुलो दल". Himalaya Television. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "माधव नेपालतिर खुले प्रदीप नेपाल, आयोग पुगेर सनाखत". Naya Page. 25 August 2021. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "आयोगलाई झलनाथको पत्र : माधव नेपालकै पार्टीको हुँ, दिल्लीबाटै सनाखत गर्न पाऊ". Naya Page. 24 August 2021. from the original on 2021-08-24. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "निर्वाचन आयोगले स्वीकार्यो झलनाथ हस्ताक्षर सनाखत". Online Khabar. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ "यी हुन् एमाले त्यागेर एकीकृत समाजवादीतिर लाग्ने सांसदहरु". Khabarhub. from the original on 2021-08-25. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
- ^ diwakar (2022-05-08). "Nepal local elections: Number of candidates elected unopposed hits 390 - OnlineKhabar English News". Retrieved 2022-06-04.
- ^ "CPN (US) wins Hetauda sub-metropolitan city". GorakhaPatra. Retrieved 2022-06-04.
- ^ Republica. "Unified Socialist's Acharya elected as mayor of Pokhara Metropolis". My Republica. Retrieved 2022-06-04.
- ^ "CPN (Unified Socialist) Elected Candidates - Local Level Election of Nepal 2079 | Latest Updates and Results". election.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 2022-06-04.
- ^ "मतगणना प्रगतिको विवरण". result.election.gov.np. Retrieved 2022-06-04.
- ^ Republica. "CPN (Unified Socialist) and CPN (Janabadi) announce unity". My Republica. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
- ^ a b "नेकपा एकीकृत समाजवादी र एनेकपाबीच आज एकता". Lokaantar (in Nepali). Retrieved 2023-03-24.
- ^ Republica. "United Socialist Front merges with CPN (Unified Socialist)". My Republica. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
- ^ "Former UML leader Ghanashyam Bhusal joins Unified Socialist". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
- ^ "एकीकृत समाजवादीले बनायो ११ सदस्यीय केन्द्रीय सचिवालय". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ "रामचन्द्र झा नेकपा एसको सचिवालय सदस्य मनोनित, वंशीधर मिश्र स्थायी कमिटीमा". Nepal Press. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
- ^ a b c d "एकीकृत समाजवादीमा असन्तुष्टिपछि केही घन्टामै पदाधिकारी थप". Setopati. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
- ^ "CPN-Unified Socialist finalizes office bearers". Khabarhub. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
- ^ a b "यी हुन् एकीकृत समाजवादीका ३३५ केन्द्रीय सदस्य". Himal Khabar. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
- ^ says, Nagendra. "नेकपा एसका केन्द्रीय विभाग र प्रदेश कमिटीले पाए पूर्णता (सूचीसहित)". Nepal Press. Retrieved 2022-04-05.
- ^ "Sher Dhan Rai appointed Province 1 Chief Minister – The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 14 February 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
- ^ "नेकपा (एस) मा १७ पदाधिकारीसहित १५१ केन्द्रीय सदस्य, जबजको साटो वैज्ञानिक जनवाद".