City of federal subject significance
City of federal subject significance is an administrative division of a federal subject of Russia which is equal in status to a district but is organized around a large city; occasionally with surrounding rural territories.[citation needed]
Description
According to the 1993 Constitution of Russia, the administrative-territorial structure of the federal subjects is not identified as the responsibility of the federal government or as the joint responsibility of the federal government and the federal subjects.[1] This state of the matters is traditionally interpreted by the governments of the federal subjects as a sign that the matters of the administrative-territorial divisions are the sole responsibility of the federal subjects themselves.[1] As a result, the modern administrative-territorial structures of the federal subjects vary significantly from one federal subject to another; that includes the manner in which the cities of federal subject significance are organized and the choice of a term to refer to such entities. In the federal subjects which have closed administrative-territorial formations, those are often given a similar status. Occasionally, this status is also given to the areas organized around the inhabited localities which are not cities, but smaller urban-type settlements.
List of designations
As of 2013, the following types of such entities are recognized:
| English designation | Russian designation | Entity in which it exists | Type of higher level entity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Administrative-territorial formation with special status | административно-территориальное образование с особым статусом | in the Republic of Kalmykia | republic |
| City | город | the Republics of Dagestan, Kalmykia, and Khakassia | republic |
| City of republic significance | город республиканского значения | the Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Buryatia, Chechen Republic, Chuvash Republic, Republic of Crimea,[2] Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Karachay–Cherkess Republic, Republic of Karelia, Komi Republic, Mari El Republic, Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Tatarstan, and Udmurt Republic | republic |
| City under republic jurisdiction | город республиканского подчинения | the Sakha Republic and North Ossetia-Alania | republic |
| City under republic jurisdiction (urban okrug) | город республиканского подчинения (городской округ) | the Tuva Republic | republic |
| Closed administrative-territorial formation | закрытое административно-территориальное образование | the Republic of Bashkortostan | republic |
| Republican urban okrug | республиканский городской округ | the Republic of Adygea | republic |
| Urban okrug | городской округ | the Altai Republic | republic |
| City | город | Krasnodar Krai | krai |
| City of krai significance | город краевого значения | Altai, Khabarovsk, Perm, and Stavropol Krais | krai |
| City under krai jurisdiction | город краевого подчинения | Kamchatka and Primorsky Krais | krai |
| Closed administrative-territorial formation | закрытое административно-территориальное образование | Altai, Krasnoyarsk, and Perm Krais | krai |
| Krai city | краевой город | Krasnoyarsk Krai | krai |
| City | город | Chelyabinsk, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kirov, Murmansk, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Pskov, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, and Vladimir Oblasts | oblast |
| City of oblast significance | город областного значения | Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Kursk, Magadan, Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod, Omsk, Oryol, Penza, Ryazan, Sakhalin, Samara, Saratov, Tambov, Ulyanovsk, Volgograd, Vologda, and Yaroslavl Oblasts | oblast |
| City under oblast jurisdiction | город областного подчинения | Kemerovo, Kurgan, Lipetsk, Moscow, Tomsk, and Tula Oblasts | oblast |
| City with the jurisdictional territory | город с подведомственной территорией | Murmansk Oblast | oblast |
| Closed administrative-territorial formation | закрытое административно-территориальное образование | Astrakhan, Kirov, Moscow, Murmansk, Orenburg, Saratov, Sverdlovsk, and Vladimir Oblasts | oblast |
| Municipal formation with urban okrug status | муниципальное образование со статусом городского округа | Leningrad Oblast | oblast |
| Okrug | округ | Tver Oblast | oblast |
| Urban administrative okrug/city of oblast significance | городской административный округ/город областного значения | Bryansk Oblast | oblast |
| Urban-type settlement of oblast significance | посёлок городского типа областного значения | Chelyabinsk and Kaliningrad Oblasts | oblast |
| Urban-type settlement under oblast jurisdiction | посёлок городского типа областного подчинения | Kemerovo Oblast | oblast |
| Urban okrug | городской округ | Amur, Rostov, Smolensk, and Voronezh Oblast | oblast |
| City of okrug significance | город окружного значения | Chukotka, Khanty-Mansi, Nenets, and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs | autonomous okrugs |
| City of oblast significance | город областного значения | Jewish Autonomous Oblast | autonomous oblast |
References
- ^ a b "Энциклопедический словарь конституционного права". Статья "Административно-территориальное устройство". Сост. А. А. Избранов. — Мн.: Изд. В.М. Суров, 2001.
- ^ The Republic of Crimea is a federal subject of Russia established on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula, which is disputed between Russia and Ukraine