The Charmouth Mudstone Formation is a geological formation in England. It preserves fossils dating back to the early part of the Jurassicperiod (Sinemurian–Pliensbachian).[1] It forms part of the lower Lias Group. It is most prominently exposed at its type locality in cliff section between Lyme Regis and Charmouth (alongside the underlying Blue Lias) but onshore it extends northwards to Market Weighton, Yorkshire, and in the subsurface of the East Midlands Shelf and Wessex Basin. The formation is notable for its fossils, including those of ammonites and marine reptiles and rare dinosaur remains. The formation played a prominent role in the history of early paleontology, with its Lyme Regis-Charmouth exposure being frequented by fossil collectors including Mary Anning.
The Shales With Beef Member is around 28–30 metres thick in the Lyme Regis-Charmouth region and predominantly consists of thinly bedded medium to dark grey mudstone, blocky calcareous pale-weathering mudstone and brown-grey organic-rich mudstones with frequent bedding parallel veins of fibrous calcite ("beef"), that are usually less than 10 centimetres thick. Several beds of nodular and tabular limestone are also present. It is the lowest unit of the formation and directly overlies the Blue Lias Formation, with the boundary being marked by a prominent bioturbated horizon. Notable persistent marker beds within the member include the laminated calcareous siltstone "Fish Bed", "Table Ledge", which consists of lens beds of limestones with mud content with nests of rhynchonellidbrachiopods, the Devonshire Head and the Spittles limestones and the Birchi Nodules (which are septarian concretions) The upper boundary with the Black Ven Marl Member is marked by the prominent laterally persistent limestone Birchi Tabular Bed.[2]
Black Ven Marl Member
The Black Ven Marl Member is around 43 metres thick consists of thinly bedded dark mudstones,[3] with several laterally persistent cementstone horizons, notable horizons include the Lower and Upper Cement beds and the Stellare nodules.
Belemnite Marl Member
The Belemnite Marl Member is around 20 to 27 metres thick, and consists of interbedded pale and dark grey calcareous mudstone, with numerous belemnites, hence the name. The top of the member is marked by the Belemnite Stone Bed[4]
Green Ammonite Member
The Green Ammonite Member is up to 31 metres thick predominantly consists of medium grey mudstones, with 3 limestone horizons, Lower Limestone; Red Band, and Upper Limestone, it is conformably overlain by the Dyrham Formation in some areas,[5] but in the Charmouth area there is an erosive unconformable boundary with the much younger Early Cretaceous (Albian) aged Gault clays.
Paleobiota
Vertebrate fauna of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation, by Nobu Tamura, 2020. Click through for original file.
A marine sauropterygian, type member of the family Plesiosauroidea inside Plesiosauria. A Juvenile specimen that resembles those assigned to the genus Plesiosaurus. Its assignation is dubious.
A marine sauropterygian, type member of the family Plesiosauroidea inside Plesiosauria. The typical plesiosaur, and one of the most common found on the formation.
A basal Pterosaur, member of the family Dimorphodontidae. The relatively deep rostrum and extreme size dimorphism in the dentition show clear similarities to Dimorphodon, also from the Lias of Dorset. The distinctive dentition, in which the first four pairs of rostral teeth and two pairs of mandibular teeth are relatively large and fang-like, while the remaining teeth are remarkably small and short.[19]
NHMUK OR43062. Shaft of a large humerus, crushed proximal femur, fibula, fragmentary radius?, other large bone fragments
NHMUK OR46011. Probable rib fragment – indet.
BRSMG Ce12785. Partial skull and some disarticulated postcranial elements
BRSMG Ce12787. Partly eroded femur and vertebra
BRSMG Ce12788. cervical osteoderms.
BRSMG Ce12789. Vertebra and bone fragments
BRSMG Cf2781. nine middle-distal caudal vertebrae and some haemal arches with some organic (kerogenized) remains of the skin preserved.
BRSMG LEGL 0004. Articulated skeleton
BRSMG LEGL 0005. Articulated partial skeleton
DORCM G.7542. Osteoderms
DORCM G.10817. Osteoderms
CAMSM X39256. Cranial: disarticulated skull and jaw elements
A basal Thyreophoran, type member of the family Scelidosauridae. One of the best known armored dinosaurs of the lower Jurassic, also the most complete found to date, with specimens preserving even the skin and dermal armour.[23]
A Theropod, possible basal member of Tetanurae. Initially considered part of Scelidosaurus holotype, considered Tetanurae indet by Carrano 2012. It was named "Merosaurus" by Welles, Powell and Pickering in 1995.[30] But due to lack description was considered invalid.[31]
A Theropod, possible member of Coelophysidae inside Neotheropoda. Invalid and non diagnostic. It was identified as Zanclodon(?) sp. b., Megalosaurus lydekkeri and reassigned as Magnosaurus(?) lydekkeri.[34] Mortimer found that was changed to "Megalosaurus" woodwardi later.[34] It was found on mostly of recent works to be non diagnostic, probably a Coelophysoid.[33]
A theropod, possible basal member of Neotheropoda. Previously misidentified as a referred specimen of the pterosaur Dimorphodon macronyx.[16] NHMUK PV R36855 differs from those of all other Early Jurassic-Late Triassic, theropods in its combination of features, but bears no discernible autapomorphies.[35] It is similar to Tawa, Dracoraptor and Liliensternus, being considered an early branching neotheropod, with a size range similar to Coelophysis bauri, representing an individual of approximately 10 kg, approximately the same size as Coelophysis bauri.[35]
A Sauropodomorph, possible member of Massopoda. While it was not associated with BMNH 39496 or GSM 109560 and was not assigned to "Merosaurus" it was classified as coming from an indeterminate theropod. Mortimer found closer resemblance with pedal unguals of basal massopods like Blikanasaurus and Jingshanosaurus.[31]
Fish
Numerous fish species are known from the Charmouth Mudstone and underlying Blue Lias, from such horizons as the "Fish Bed" of the Shales With Beef Member.
^British Geological Survey. "Charmouth Mudstone Formation". BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
^Gallois, R.W. (2008). The lithostratigraphy of the Shales-with-Beef Member of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation, Lower Jurassic(PDF). Ussher Society. OCLC 703253954.
^R. Owen. 1865. Part I. Sauropterygia. Monographs on the fossil Reptilia of the Liassic formations 17(75):1-40
^W. J. Sollas. 1881. On a new species of Plesiosaurus (P. Conybeari) from the Lower Lias of Charmouth; with observations on P megacephalus, Stutchbury, and P. brachycephalus, Owen. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 37:440-480
^G. W. Storrs. 1995. A juvenile specimen of ? Plesiosaurus sp. from the Lias (Lower Jurassic, Pliensbachian) near Charmouth, Dorset, England. Proceedings of the Dorsal Archaeological and Natural History Society 116:71-76
^W. D. Conybeare. 1824. On the discovery of an almost perfect skeleton of the Plesiosaurus. Transactions of the Geological Society of London, series 2 1:381-389
^Smith, Adam S.; Araújo, Ricardo (2017-07-21). "Thaumatodracon wiedenrothi, a morphometrically and stratigraphically intermediate new rhomaleosaurid plesiosaurian from the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) of Lyme Regis". Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 308 (4–6): 89–125. doi:10.1127/pala/308/2017/89. ISSN 0375-0442.
^Lomax, Dean R.; Massare, Judy A. (2015-03-04). "A new species of Ichthyosaurus from the Lower Jurassic of West Dorset, England, U.K." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (2): e903260. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.903260. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 85745787.
^Bennett, S.P.; Barrett, P.M.; Collinson, M.E.; Moore-Fay, S.; Davis, P.G.; Palmer, C.P. (January 2012). "A new specimen of Ichthyosaurus communis from Dorset, UK, and its bearing on the stratigraphical range of the species". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 123 (1): 146–154. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2011.07.001.
^McGowan, Christopher; Milner, Angela C. (October 1999). "A new Pliensbachian ichthyosaur from Dorset, England". Palaeontology. 42 (5): 761–768. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00096. ISSN 0031-0239.
^Lomax, Dean R.; Massare, Judy A. (December 2018). "A forefin of Leptonectes solei from the Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Dorset, UK". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 129 (6): 770–773. doi:10.1016/j.pgeola.2018.07.005.
^Martill, D. M. (2014). Dimorphodon and the Reverend George Howman's noctivagous flying dragon: the earliest restoration of a pterosaur in its natural habitat. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 125(1), 120-130.
^ abSteel, L. (2012). The pterosaur collection at the Natural History Museum, London, UK: an overview and list of specimens, with description of recent curatorial developments. Acta Geologica Sinica‐English Edition, 86(6), 1340-1355.
^ abUnwin, D. M. (2003). On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 217(1), 139-190.
^Barrett, P. M., Butler, R. J., Edwards, N. P., & Milner, A. R. (2008). Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. Zitteliana, 61-107.
^ abUnwin, D. M. (2011): A new dimorphodontid pterosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Dorset, southern England. 59th Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative AnatomyLyme Regis, Dorset, UK
^ abB.H. Newman The Jurassic dinosaur Scelidosaurus harrisoni, Owen Palaeontology, 11 (1968), pp. 40-43
^David B Norman, FLS, Scelidosaurus harrisonii from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: cranial anatomy, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 188, Issue 1, January 2020, Pages 1–81, [1]
^David B Norman, FLS, Scelidosaurus harrisonii from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: the dermal skeleton, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 190, Issue 1, September 2020, Pages 1–53, [2]
^P. C. Ensom. 1989. New scelidosaur remains from the Lower Lias of Dorset. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 110:166-167
^Anonymous. 1955. British Museum (Natural History). Nature 176(4487):815-816
^Maidment, S.C.R., Porro, L.B., 2010, "Homology of the palpebral and origin of the supraorbital ossifications in ornithischian dinosaurs", Lethaia, 43: 95-111
^Rixon AE. 1968. The development of the remains of a small Scelidosaurus from a Lias nodule. Museums Journal 67: 315–321
^R.B.J. Benson, P.M. Barrett Dinosaurs of Dorset: Part 1, the carnivorous dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society, 130 (2009), pp. 133-147
^M.T. Carrano, R.B.J. Benson, S.D. Sampson The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 10 (2012), pp. 211-300
^Pickering, 1995. Jurassic Park: Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry. A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, 2nd revised printing. Capitola, California. 478 pp.
^ abMortimer, M.(2010): Pickering's taxa 4: Merosaurus newmani. The Theropod Database Blog
^R. Lydekker Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. British Museum (Natural History), London 309 pp (1888)
^ abM.T. Carrano, S.D. Sampson A review of coelophysoids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Europe, with comments on the late history of the Coelophysoidea Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2004 (2004), pp. 537-558
^ abMortimer, M.(2012):"New" name for Megalosaurus? lydekkeri. The Theropod Database Blog
^ abcChoinierea J. N., Wills, S., Bennett, S.C., Barrett P.M.(2020):A small theropod dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Lias Group of Charmouth, Dorset. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 14 September 2020
^Benson, 2010. The osteology of Magnosaurus nethercombensis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of the United Kingdom and a re-examination of the oldest records of tetanurans. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 8(1), 131-146.
^"Flatstones, Charmouth (Jackson collection) (Jurassic of the United Kingdom)". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^"Flatstones, Stonebarrow, Charmouth (Jackson collection) (Jurassic of the United Kingdom)". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^"Flatstones, Black Ven, Charmouth (Jackson collection)". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
^"Woodstones, Black Ven, Charmouth (Jackson collection)". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
January 06, 2023
charmouth, mudstone, formation, geological, formation, england, preserves, fossils, dating, back, early, part, jurassic, period, sinemurian, pliensbachian, forms, part, lower, lias, group, most, prominently, exposed, type, locality, cliff, section, between, ly. The Charmouth Mudstone Formation is a geological formation in England It preserves fossils dating back to the early part of the Jurassic period Sinemurian Pliensbachian 1 It forms part of the lower Lias Group It is most prominently exposed at its type locality in cliff section between Lyme Regis and Charmouth alongside the underlying Blue Lias but onshore it extends northwards to Market Weighton Yorkshire and in the subsurface of the East Midlands Shelf and Wessex Basin The formation is notable for its fossils including those of ammonites and marine reptiles and rare dinosaur remains The formation played a prominent role in the history of early paleontology with its Lyme Regis Charmouth exposure being frequented by fossil collectors including Mary Anning Charmouth Mudstone FormationStratigraphic range Lower Sinemurian Lower Pliensbachian Semicostatum lowermost Margaritatus 198 188 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NCliffs of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation at Charmouth DorsetTypeFormationUnit ofLias GroupSub unitsShales With Beef Member Black Ven Marl Member Belemnite Marl Member Green Ammonite MemberUnderliesDyrham Formation Marlstone Rock Formation unconformity with Gault Charmouth area OverliesBlue Lias Formation Scunthorpe MudstoneAreaWessex Basin Worcester Basin East Midland ShelfThickness 335 mLithologyPrimaryShale mudstoneOtherLimestone sandstoneLocationRegionEnglandCountry United KingdomType sectionNamed forCharmouthLocationCliff and foreshore exposures between Seven Rock Point and Golden Cap Dorset Contents 1 Stratigraphy 1 1 Shales With Beef Member 1 2 Black Ven Marl Member 1 3 Belemnite Marl Member 1 4 Green Ammonite Member 2 Paleobiota 2 1 Ammonites 2 2 Sauropterygia 2 3 Ichthyosauria 2 4 Pterosauria 2 5 Dinosauria 2 6 Fish 2 7 Insects 3 See also 4 ReferencesStratigraphy EditShales With Beef Member Edit The Shales With Beef Member is around 28 30 metres thick in the Lyme Regis Charmouth region and predominantly consists of thinly bedded medium to dark grey mudstone blocky calcareous pale weathering mudstone and brown grey organic rich mudstones with frequent bedding parallel veins of fibrous calcite beef that are usually less than 10 centimetres thick Several beds of nodular and tabular limestone are also present It is the lowest unit of the formation and directly overlies the Blue Lias Formation with the boundary being marked by a prominent bioturbated horizon Notable persistent marker beds within the member include the laminated calcareous siltstone Fish Bed Table Ledge which consists of lens beds of limestones with mud content with nests of rhynchonellid brachiopods the Devonshire Head and the Spittles limestones and the Birchi Nodules which are septarian concretions The upper boundary with the Black Ven Marl Member is marked by the prominent laterally persistent limestone Birchi Tabular Bed 2 Black Ven Marl Member Edit The Black Ven Marl Member is around 43 metres thick consists of thinly bedded dark mudstones 3 with several laterally persistent cementstone horizons notable horizons include the Lower and Upper Cement beds and the Stellare nodules Belemnite Marl Member Edit The Belemnite Marl Member is around 20 to 27 metres thick and consists of interbedded pale and dark grey calcareous mudstone with numerous belemnites hence the name The top of the member is marked by the Belemnite Stone Bed 4 Green Ammonite Member Edit The Green Ammonite Member is up to 31 metres thick predominantly consists of medium grey mudstones with 3 limestone horizons Lower Limestone Red Band and Upper Limestone it is conformably overlain by the Dyrham Formation in some areas 5 but in the Charmouth area there is an erosive unconformable boundary with the much younger Early Cretaceous Albian aged Gault clays Paleobiota Edit Vertebrate fauna of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation by Nobu Tamura 2020 Click through for original file Ammonites Edit Ammonites of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesApoderoceras A cf dunrobinense A subtriangulareArnioceras A semicostatum Semicostatum ZoneAsteroceras A obtusum Obtusum zone CaenisitesCymbitesEchioceras E raricostatum Raricostatum ZoneEoderoceras E bispinigerumGemmellaroceras G cf peregrinum Belemnite MarlsOxynoticeras O williamsiPhricodoceras P taylori P lamellosum Belemnite MarlsPromicroceras P planicosta Obtusum Zone Radstockiceras R complicatumTragophylloceras T ibex T loscombi Green Ammonite MemberXipherocerasSauropterygia Edit Sauropterygia of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesArchaeonectrus 6 Archaeonectrus rostratus Charmouth Arnioceras semicostatum Echioceras raricostatum ammonoid zone BMNH 38525 holotype skeleton A marine sauropterygian member of the family Rhomaleosauridae Attenborosaurus 7 Attenborosaurus conybeari Black Ven Water Charmouth Northwest corner of Black Ven Water Asteroceras obtusum Arnioceras semicostatum Echioceras raricostatum ammonoid zones Holotype skeleton now destroyed BMNH 40140 partial skeleton and skull A marine sauropterygian early member of the family Pliosauridae It was identified as Plesiosaurus conybeari Cast of the holotype Plesiosaurus 8 Plesiosaurus sp Eastern point of Wear Cliffs below Golden Cap Prodactylioceras davoei ammonoid zone BRSMG Ce17972a o articulated juvenile partial postcranial skeleton A marine sauropterygian type member of the family Plesiosauroidea inside Plesiosauria A Juvenile specimen that resembles those assigned to the genus Plesiosaurus Its assignation is dubious Plesiosaurus 9 Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus Lyme Regis Echioceras raricostatum ammonoid zone Holotype BMNH 22656 Numerous specimens referred A marine sauropterygian type member of the family Plesiosauroidea inside Plesiosauria The typical plesiosaur and one of the most common found on the formation Thaumatodracon 10 T wiedenrothi Between Lyme Regis and Charmouth Black Ven NLMH 106 058 a partial skeleton comprising a complete cranium mandible articulated cervical series and indeterminate fragmentary remains A rhomaleosauridIchthyosauria Edit Ichthyosauria of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesIchthyosaurus Ichthyosaurus anningae 11 Charmouth Stonebarrow Marls Member DONMG 1983 98 Subadult specimen An Ichthyosaurid Ichthyosaur Ichthyosaurus sp West of Westhay Water Stonebarrow Stonebarrow Marls Member NHMUK R15907 partial skeleton 12 Considered to belong to I communis by Bennett et al 2012 considered indeterminate within Ichthyosaurus by Lomax and Massare 2015Leptonectes Leptonectes moorei 13 Seatown Belemnite Marls Member BMNH R14370 partial anterior skeleton with most complete skull Leptonectid IchthyosaurLeptonectes solei 14 Seatown Acanthopleuroceras valdani Subzone Tragophylloceras ibex Zone lower Pliensbachian NMW 91 296 2 2 a large isolated and incomplete forefin Pterosauria Edit Pterosauria of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesDimorphodon 15 16 17 Dimorphodon macronyx Charmouth Lyme Regis Black Ven Marl Member Tail Fragments Tibia Femur Humerus Phalanax Metacarps Semi Complete Skeletons A basal pterosaur type member of the family Dimorphodontidae Dimorphodontidae 17 18 Indeterminate Charmouth Black Ven Lyme Regis Black Ven Marl Member OUM J 53070 NHMUK PV R1595 wing phalanges A basal pterosaur member of the family Dimorphodontidae Known as Charmouth dimorphodontid it shares resemblance with the genus Dimorphodon Dimorphodontidae 19 Indeterminate Near Seatown Lower Pliensbachian member Associated remains of the rostrum and mandibles A basal Pterosaur member of the family Dimorphodontidae The relatively deep rostrum and extreme size dimorphism in the dentition show clear similarities to Dimorphodon also from the Lias of Dorset The distinctive dentition in which the first four pairs of rostral teeth and two pairs of mandibular teeth are relatively large and fang like while the remaining teeth are remarkably small and short 19 Dinosauria Edit Dinosauria of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesScelidosaurus 20 21 22 Scelidosaurus harrisonii Charmouth Black Ven Black Ven landslip Black Ven Marl Member NHMUK OR42068 Six osteoderms NHMUK OR42070 Phalanx NHMUK OR42072 Large bone fragment indet NHMUK OR42074 Ulna paired with NHMOR41323 NHMUK OR43062 Shaft of a large humerus crushed proximal femur fibula fragmentary radius other large bone fragments NHMUK OR46011 Probable rib fragment indet BRSMG Ce12785 Partial skull and some disarticulated postcranial elements BRSMG Ce12787 Partly eroded femur and vertebra BRSMG Ce12788 cervical osteoderms BRSMG Ce12789 Vertebra and bone fragments BRSMG Cf2781 nine middle distal caudal vertebrae and some haemal arches with some organic kerogenized remains of the skin preserved BRSMG LEGL 0004 Articulated skeleton BRSMG LEGL 0005 Articulated partial skeleton DORCM G 7542 Osteoderms DORCM G 10817 Osteoderms CAMSM X39256 Cranial disarticulated skull and jaw elements A basal Thyreophoran type member of the family Scelidosauridae One of the best known armored dinosaurs of the lower Jurassic also the most complete found to date with specimens preserving even the skin and dermal armour 23 Scelidosaurus sp A 24 Belemnite Marls at Seatown Belemnite Marl Member Uptonia jamesoni Zone DORCM G 7842 Three dorsal vertebrae in articulationCf Scelidosaurus sp 25 26 27 Foot of Black Ven Charmouth Asteroceras obtusum ammonoid zone Black Ven Marl Member NHMUK R6704 juvenile specimen NHMUK R12019 A posterior fragment of the occiput and an articulated series of six cervical vertebrae NHMUK R10103 Indeterminate bone fragments NHMUK OR28333 Two scapulae NHMUK OR32396 Radius NHMUK OR39516 Osteoderms NHMUK OR39517 Caudal or sacral vertebra small distal caudal vertebra small distal caudal NHMUK OR39518 Haemal arch chevron NHMUK OR39519 Two phalanges NHMUK OR39520 Ungual phalanx of pes NHMUK OR39521 Several bone fragments NHMUK OR40503 Tibia proximal end NHMUK OR41322 Femur NHMUK OR41323 Radius NHMUK OR41324 Scapular blade NHMUK OR41325 Humerus NHMUK OR41326 Fibula NHMUK OR41327 Two caudal vertebrae NHMUK OR41328 Three metatarsals NHMUK OR41329 Osteoderm NHMUK OR41330 Ischium Merosaurus 20 28 29 Merosaurus newmani lower cliff face Charmouth Black Ven Marl Member GSM 109560 Left femur NHMUK OR 39496 Partial hind limb A Theropod possible basal member of Tetanurae Initially considered part of Scelidosaurus holotype considered Tetanurae indet by Carrano 2012 It was named Merosaurus by Welles Powell and Pickering in 1995 30 But due to lack description was considered invalid 31 Coelophysidae 32 33 Megalosaurus lydekkeri Lyme Regis Black Ven Marl Member NHMUK OR 41352 isolated tooth A Theropod possible member of Coelophysidae inside Neotheropoda Invalid and non diagnostic It was identified as Zanclodon sp b Megalosaurus lydekkeri and reassigned as Magnosaurus lydekkeri 34 Mortimer found that was changed to Megalosaurus woodwardi later 34 It was found on mostly of recent works to be non diagnostic probably a Coelophysoid 33 Neotheropoda 35 Indeterminate Near Lyme Regis obtusum Zone obtusum subzone NHMUK PV R36855 Left fibula 17 cm long A theropod possible basal member of Neotheropoda Previously misidentified as a referred specimen of the pterosaur Dimorphodon macronyx 16 NHMUK PV R36855 differs from those of all other Early Jurassic Late Triassic theropods in its combination of features but bears no discernible autapomorphies 35 It is similar to Tawa Dracoraptor and Liliensternus being considered an early branching neotheropod with a size range similar to Coelophysis bauri representing an individual of approximately 10 kg approximately the same size as Coelophysis bauri 35 Massopoda 36 Indeterminate lower cliff face Charmouth obtusum Zone obtusum subzone GSM 109561 pedal ungual A Sauropodomorph possible member of Massopoda While it was not associated with BMNH 39496 or GSM 109560 and was not assigned to Merosaurus it was classified as coming from an indeterminate theropod Mortimer found closer resemblance with pedal unguals of basal massopods like Blikanasaurus and Jingshanosaurus 31 Fish Edit Numerous fish species are known from the Charmouth Mudstone and underlying Blue Lias from such horizons as the Fish Bed of the Shales With Beef Member Fish of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesAcrodus A hybodont sharkHybodus A hybodont sharkPalidiplospinax A synechodontiform sharkSqualoraja S tenuispina S polyspondyla Closely related to modern chimaerasMyriacanthus M paradoxus M granulatus Black Ven Marl Member A myriacanthid closely related to modern chimaerasDorsetichthys D bechei A stem group teleost Coccolepis C liassicus A coccolepidid fish probably does not belong to the genusHolophagus H gulo A coelacanthChondrosteus C acipenseroides A chondrosteid acipenseriform fish related to sturgeon and paddlefish Oxygnathus O ornatus A palaeonisciform fishSaurorhynchus S brevirostris S anningae A member of SaurichthyiformesPtycholepis P gracilis P curtus A palaeonisciform fishDapedium Spp A dapediiform fishCaturus Spp An amiiform fish related to bowfinsPlatysiagum P sclerocephalum A platysiagid fishFuro F orthostomus A member of Ionoscopiformes within HalecomorphiInsects Edit Numerous species of insect are known from concretions predominately in the Black Ven Marl Member 37 38 39 40 Insects of the Charmouth Mudstone FormationGenus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesAnglophlebia A gigantea NHMUK In 51030 part and counterpart of partial forewing Damsel dragonfly Archaeolepis A mane Birchi Nodules Black Ven Shales with Beef Isolated wing Among the oldest known lepidopteransArchelcana A durnovaria Woodstones Black Ven Marl Member Elcanid orthopteranAustaulius A haustrum Monmouth Beach Lyme Regis NHMUK II 3103 Necrotauliid caddisflyBrevicula B gradus B maculata Flatstones Woodstones B gradus Holotype NHMUK In 53993 female with ovipositor B maculata Holotype NHMUK II 3086 isolated Tegmina Dermapterid earwig Brochocoleus B maculatus Ommatid beetleChrismooreia C michaelbehei Charmouth Obtusum Zone Part and counterpart of a mostly complete specimen Asiopterid damsel dragonfly Dacryoderma B teres Charmouth by pass construction site Obtusum Zone Isolated tegmen Dermapterid earwigDorsettia D laeta Flatstones BMNH In 59375 a male hindwing fragment Campterophlebiid damsel dragonfly genus also known from ChinaDurnovaria D parallela Flatstones Aerophasmatid Stem group of PhasmatodeaElaterina E liassica Lyme Regis Click beetleElaterophanes E regius Flatstones Click beetleEoptychoptera E spectra Flatstones Ptychopterid fly formerly referred to the genus ProdocidiaHolcoptera H giebeli H alisonae Flatstones Bed 83 of the Obtusum Subchronozone Black Ven Marl Member Complete specimen isolated wings Coptoclavid beetle Hypsothemis H fraseri Flatstones BMNH In 59109 a hindwing Campterophlebiid damsel dragonfly genus also known from China and KazakhstanJurachorista J bashkuevi Monmouth Beach Brooki bed Shales with Beef Member Eomeropid scorpionflyLateophlebia L anglicanopsis Flatstones Campterophlebiid damsel dragonflyLiassocorixa L dorsetica Flatstones Corixid bugLiassocupes L parvus Flatstones Ommatid beetleLiassophlebia L pseudomagnifica Stonebarrow NHMUK In 64000 partial hindwing Liassophlebiid damsel dragonfly Locustopsis L spectabilis Flatstones Locustopsid grasshopper Mesocixiella M fennahi Flatstones Fulgoridiid planthopper does not belong to the genus MesocixiellaMetaraphidia M confusa Black Ven Marl Member SnakeflyMicromacula M gracilis Flatstones Birchi Nodules Regiatid orthopteranMimemala M giganteum Flatstones Schizocoleid beetleNannoblattina N petulantia Flatstones Mesoblattinid cockroachNannotanyderus N oliviae Monmouth Beach Brooki bed Shales with Beef Member Tanyderid flyNeomeridium N trifurcum Woodstones Pachymeridiid Lygaeoid bugOmma O liassicum Flatstones BMNH 59132 Ommatid beetle genus extantOrthophlebia O capillata Flatstones BMNH In 53924 an exoskeleton wings amp thorax Orthophlebiid scorpionflyParaprosbole P rotruda Flatstones Tettigarctid cicadaPropreocoris P maculatus Woodstones Stem group to Ochteridae and GelastocoridaeProtohagla P langi Flatstones Haglid cricketProtorthophlebia P latipennis Flatstones Protorthophlebiid scorpionflyPriscaenigma P obtusa Flatstones SnakeflyPseudopolycentropus P triangularis Woodstones Black Ven Marl Member Pseudopolycentropodid scorpionflyPterocimex P jacksoni Woodstones Black Ven Marl Member NepomorphanRegiata R scutra Flatstones Regiatid orthopteranRossiphlebia R jacksoni Flatstones NHMUK In 53999 part and counterpart of a partial hindwing Liassophlebiid damsel dragonfly Tersus T crowsoni Flatstones NHM In 53949 Schizophorid beetleSee also EditList of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in EnglandReferences Edit British Geological Survey Charmouth Mudstone Formation BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units Retrieved 2018 03 08 Gallois R W 2008 The lithostratigraphy of the Shales with Beef Member of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation Lower Jurassic PDF Ussher Society OCLC 703253954 Black Ven Marl Member The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units British Geological Survey Belemnite Marl Member The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units British Geological Survey Green Ammonite Member The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units British Geological Survey R Owen 1865 Part I Sauropterygia Monographs on the fossil Reptilia of the Liassic formations 17 75 1 40 W J Sollas 1881 On a new species of Plesiosaurus P Conybeari from the Lower Lias of Charmouth with observations on P megacephalus Stutchbury and P brachycephalus Owen Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 37 440 480 G W Storrs 1995 A juvenile specimen of Plesiosaurus sp from the Lias Lower Jurassic Pliensbachian near Charmouth Dorset England Proceedings of the Dorsal Archaeological and Natural History Society 116 71 76 W D Conybeare 1824 On the discovery of an almost perfect skeleton of the Plesiosaurus Transactions of the Geological Society of London series 2 1 381 389 Smith Adam S Araujo Ricardo 2017 07 21 Thaumatodracon wiedenrothi a morphometrically and stratigraphically intermediate new rhomaleosaurid plesiosaurian from the Lower Jurassic Sinemurian of Lyme Regis Palaeontographica Abteilung A 308 4 6 89 125 doi 10 1127 pala 308 2017 89 ISSN 0375 0442 Lomax Dean R Massare Judy A 2015 03 04 A new species of Ichthyosaurus from the Lower Jurassic of West Dorset England U K Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 2 e903260 doi 10 1080 02724634 2014 903260 ISSN 0272 4634 S2CID 85745787 Bennett S P Barrett P M Collinson M E Moore Fay S Davis P G Palmer C P January 2012 A new specimen of Ichthyosaurus communis from Dorset UK and its bearing on the stratigraphical range of the species Proceedings of the Geologists Association 123 1 146 154 doi 10 1016 j pgeola 2011 07 001 McGowan Christopher Milner Angela C October 1999 A new Pliensbachian ichthyosaur from Dorset England Palaeontology 42 5 761 768 doi 10 1111 1475 4983 00096 ISSN 0031 0239 Lomax Dean R Massare Judy A December 2018 A forefin of Leptonectes solei from the Lower Jurassic Pliensbachian of Dorset UK Proceedings of the Geologists Association 129 6 770 773 doi 10 1016 j pgeola 2018 07 005 Martill D M 2014 Dimorphodon and the Reverend George Howman s noctivagous flying dragon the earliest restoration of a pterosaur in its natural habitat Proceedings of the Geologists Association 125 1 120 130 a b Steel L 2012 The pterosaur collection at the Natural History Museum London UK an overview and list of specimens with description of recent curatorial developments Acta Geologica Sinica English Edition 86 6 1340 1355 a b Unwin D M 2003 On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs Geological Society London Special Publications 217 1 139 190 Barrett P M Butler R J Edwards N P amp Milner A R 2008 Pterosaur distribution in time and space an atlas Zitteliana 61 107 a b Unwin D M 2011 A new dimorphodontid pterosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Dorset southern England 59th Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative AnatomyLyme Regis Dorset UK a b B H Newman The Jurassic dinosaur Scelidosaurus harrisoni Owen Palaeontology 11 1968 pp 40 43 Charig AJ Newman BH 1992 Scelidosaurus harrisonii Owen 1861 Reptilia Ornithischia proposed replacement of inappropriate lectotype Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 49 280 283 David B Norman FLS Scelidosaurus harrisonii from the Early Jurassic of Dorset England cranial anatomy Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Volume 188 Issue 1 January 2020 Pages 1 81 1 David B Norman FLS Scelidosaurus harrisonii from the Early Jurassic of Dorset England the dermal skeleton Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Volume 190 Issue 1 September 2020 Pages 1 53 2 P C Ensom 1989 New scelidosaur remains from the Lower Lias of Dorset Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 110 166 167 Anonymous 1955 British Museum Natural History Nature 176 4487 815 816 Maidment S C R Porro L B 2010 Homology of the palpebral and origin of the supraorbital ossifications in ornithischian dinosaurs Lethaia 43 95 111 Rixon AE 1968 The development of the remains of a small Scelidosaurus from a Lias nodule Museums Journal 67 315 321 R B J Benson P M Barrett Dinosaurs of Dorset Part 1 the carnivorous dinosaurs Saurischia Theropoda Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society 130 2009 pp 133 147 M T Carrano R B J Benson S D Sampson The phylogeny of Tetanurae Dinosauria Theropoda Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 2012 pp 211 300 Pickering 1995 Jurassic Park Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project 2nd revised printing Capitola California 478 pp a b Mortimer M 2010 Pickering s taxa 4 Merosaurus newmani The Theropod Database Blog R Lydekker Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum Natural History Part I British Museum Natural History London 309 pp 1888 a b M T Carrano S D Sampson A review of coelophysoids Dinosauria Theropoda from the Early Jurassic of Europe with comments on the late history of the Coelophysoidea Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie Monatshefte 2004 2004 pp 537 558 a b Mortimer M 2012 New name for Megalosaurus lydekkeri The Theropod Database Blog a b c Choinierea J N Wills S Bennett S C Barrett P M 2020 A small theropod dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Lias Group of Charmouth Dorset Proceedings of the Geologists Association 14 September 2020 Benson 2010 The osteology of Magnosaurus nethercombensis Dinosauria Theropoda from the Bajocian Middle Jurassic of the United Kingdom and a re examination of the oldest records of tetanurans Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8 1 131 146 Flatstones Charmouth Jackson collection Jurassic of the United Kingdom fossilworks org Retrieved 17 December 2021 Flatstones Stonebarrow Charmouth Jackson collection Jurassic of the United Kingdom fossilworks org Retrieved 17 December 2021 Flatstones Black Ven Charmouth Jackson collection paleobiodb org Retrieved 2020 08 26 Woodstones Black Ven Charmouth Jackson collection paleobiodb org Retrieved 2020 08 26 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charmouth Mudstone Formation amp oldid 1107145109, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
