Carthage, Tennessee
Carthage is a town in and the county seat of Smith County, Tennessee, United States; it is part of the Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area.[7] The population was 2,306 at the 2010 census.[8] It is located on the Cumberland River, which was important to its early development. It is likely best known as the hometown of former Vice President and Senator Al Gore of the Democratic Party and his father, Senator Albert Gore, Sr. The younger Gore announced his 1988 and 2000 presidential bids, as well as his 1992 vice-presidential bid, from the steps of the Smith County Courthouse.
Carthage, Tennessee | |
|---|---|
Smith County Courthouse in Carthage | |
Location of Carthage in Smith County, Tennessee. | |
Carthage Location within Tennessee Carthage Location within the United States | |
| Coordinates: 36°15′18″N 85°56′57″W / 36.25500°N 85.94917°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Tennessee |
| County | Smith |
| Settled | 1789 |
| Incorporated | 1804[1] |
| Named for | Ancient Carthage[2] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 2.90 sq mi (7.52 km2) |
| • Land | 2.90 sq mi (7.52 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 515 ft (157 m) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,291 |
| • Density | 789.46/sq mi (304.78/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 37030 |
| Area code | 615 |
| FIPS code | 47-11280[5] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1279827[6] |
| Website | townofcarthagetn |
History
The earliest known European-American settler in what is now Carthage was William Walton (1760–1816), who arrived in the late 1780s after the United States achieved independence in the American Revolutionary War.[9] Circa 1800, Walton directed the construction of the Walton Road (Cumberland Turnpike), an early stagecoach route connecting the Knoxville area in the east with Middle Tennessee. The road, which was roughly paralleled later by the construction of what is now U.S. 70, was influential to the development and early settlement of the Cumberland region.[10] Walton operated a ferry across the Cumberland River and a tavern nearby along the road, around which a small community developed. In 1804, Walton's community was chosen as the county seat of the newly formed Smith County after a heated election, and the town of Carthage was laid out shortly thereafter.[11]
Carthage's location at the confluence of the Caney Fork and Cumberland rivers made it an important shipping and steamboat port throughout the first half of the 19th century. The area was developed for tobacco and hemp crops, as well as blooded livestock. Goods were shipped downstream to Nashville. During the Civil War, Carthage became an important post in the Eastern Highland Rim area of Tennessee. Carthage was selected as part of the route Confederate General Braxton Bragg marched the Army of Mississippi through on his Confederate Heartland Offensive into Kentucky. Later on March 6, 1863,[12] Union Brigadier General George Crook established a Union outpost in Carthage to serve as a base for his effort to clear out the considerable Confederate guerrilla insurgency from East Tennessee through Middle Tennessee.
Carthage's prominence as a river port on the Cumberland River was superseded after the railroads replaced river traffic in the later 19th century. The area's industrial focus shifted to South Carthage and Gordonsville.[11]
Geography
Carthage is located at 36°15′18″N 85°56′57″W / 36.25500°N 85.94917°W (36.254960, -85.949211).[13] The town is situated amid a series of low hills at the confluence of the Caney Fork with the Cumberland River, and just southwest of the latter's Cordell Hull Lake impoundment. South Carthage is located along the opposite bank of the Cumberland to the south.
U.S. Route 70 passes east-to-west through South Carthage, connecting the area with Nashville to the west and Cookeville to the east. State Route 53 connects U.S. 70 with Gordonsville and Interstate 40 to the south. State Route 25 connects Carthage with Trousdale County and north-central Tennessee to the northwest, and State Route 80 connects the town with Macon County to the north.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.9 square miles (7.5 km2), all land.
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1870 | 477 | — | |
| 1880 | 327 | −31.4% | |
| 1890 | 478 | 46.2% | |
| 1910 | 904 | — | |
| 1920 | 920 | 1.8% | |
| 1930 | 1,068 | 16.1% | |
| 1940 | 1,512 | 41.6% | |
| 1950 | 1,604 | 6.1% | |
| 1960 | 2,021 | 26.0% | |
| 1970 | 2,491 | 23.3% | |
| 1980 | 2,672 | 7.3% | |
| 1990 | 2,386 | −10.7% | |
| 2000 | 2,251 | −5.7% | |
| 2010 | 2,306 | 2.4% | |
| 2020 | 2,291 | −0.7% | |
| Sources:[14][15][4] | |||
2020 census
| Race | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 1,984 | 86.6% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 105 | 4.58% |
| Native American | 5 | 0.22% |
| Asian | 26 | 1.13% |
| Other/Mixed | 83 | 3.62% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 88 | 3.84% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,291 people, 947 households, and 528 families residing in the town.
2000 census
As of the census[5] of 2000, there were 2,251 people, 952 households, and 560 families residing in the town. The population density was 784.5 people per square mile (302.8/km2). There were 1,050 housing units at an average density of 365.9 per square mile (141.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 90.67% White, 6.53% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.53% Asian, 0.76% from other races, and 1.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.16% of the population.
There were 952 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.2% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.1% were non-families. 38.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 22.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 72.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $24,375, and the median income for a family was $32,159. Males had a median income of $30,531 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,709. About 18.6% of families and 20.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under age 18 and 19.2% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Carthage and other surrounding areas in Smith County are served by Smith County Schools and the Smith County Board of Education. They include:
- Carthage Elementary
- Defeated Elementary
- New Middleton Elementary
- Union Heights Elementary
- Forks River Elementary
- Smith County Middle School
- Gordonsville High School
- Smith County High School
- Smith County Adult Education
- Smith County HeadStart
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Carthage has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[17]
| Climate data for carthage, Tennessee (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1890–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 88 (31) | 83 (28) | 92 (33) | 95 (35) | 98 (37) | 105 (41) | 110 (43) | 111 (44) | 108 (42) | 97 (36) | 87 (31) | 77 (25) | 111 (44) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 48.1 (8.9) | 52.5 (11.4) | 61.4 (16.3) | 71.3 (21.8) | 78.7 (25.9) | 85.7 (29.8) | 89.0 (31.7) | 88.4 (31.3) | 83.7 (28.7) | 73.1 (22.8) | 61.5 (16.4) | 51.7 (10.9) | 70.4 (21.3) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 37.6 (3.1) | 41.1 (5.1) | 48.8 (9.3) | 57.9 (14.4) | 66.4 (19.1) | 74.2 (23.4) | 78.1 (25.6) | 76.8 (24.9) | 71.3 (21.8) | 59.8 (15.4) | 48.8 (9.3) | 41.1 (5.1) | 58.5 (14.7) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 27.0 (−2.8) | 29.6 (−1.3) | 36.1 (2.3) | 44.5 (6.9) | 54.1 (12.3) | 62.8 (17.1) | 67.1 (19.5) | 65.2 (18.4) | 58.8 (14.9) | 46.5 (8.1) | 36.0 (2.2) | 30.4 (−0.9) | 46.5 (8.1) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −17 (−27) | −15 (−26) | 3 (−16) | 21 (−6) | 30 (−1) | 40 (4) | 49 (9) | 46 (8) | 32 (0) | 23 (−5) | 0 (−18) | −9 (−23) | −17 (−27) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.49 (114) | 4.86 (123) | 5.01 (127) | 4.41 (112) | 4.73 (120) | 5.03 (128) | 4.97 (126) | 3.71 (94) | 3.40 (86) | 3.43 (87) | 3.55 (90) | 4.92 (125) | 52.51 (1,334) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.5 (1.3) | 0.7 (1.8) | 0.2 (0.51) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 1.5 (3.8) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 10.3 | 113.0 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.8 |
| Source: NOAA[18][19] | |||||||||||||
Notable residents
- William Cullom - Congressman
- Albert Gore, Sr. – U.S. Senator
- Albert Gore, Jr. – U.S. Senator and Vice President
- Simon Pollard Hughes, Jr. – Governor of Arkansas, 1885–1889
- Cordell Hull – U.S. Secretary of State; practiced law in Carthage
- Brandon Maggart – actor
- George McCorkle – founding member of the Marshall Tucker Band
- Benton McMillin – Governor of Tennessee, 1899–1903
- Sharon Wyatt – actress (General Hospital, Passions)
- Keith Habersberger — internet personality, part of YouTube group The Try Guys
References
- ^ Tennessee Blue Book, 2005-2006, pp. 618-625.
- ^ Larry Miller, Tennessee Place Names (Indiana University Press, 2001), p. 39.
- ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
- ^ a b "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Oct 15, 2022.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ . National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Carthage town, Tennessee". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
- ^ "The History of Smith County", Smith County Chamber of Commerce, Retrieved: 17 January 2013.
- ^ W. Calvin Dickenson, "Walton Road", The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2009. Retrieved: 17 January 2013.
- ^ a b Sue Maggart, "Smith County", The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2009. Retrieved: 17 January 2013.
- ^ Official Record of the War of the Rebellion, Series I, Volume XXIII, Part II, No. 110
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
- ^ . Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 11 June 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
- ^ "Carthage, Tennessee Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
- ^ "NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved September 25, 2021.
- ^ "Station: Carthage, TN". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved September 25, 2021.