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Bromheadia finlaysoniana

Bromheadia finlaysoniana, commonly known as the pale reed orchid[2] and as Bromheadia pulchra in Australia,[3] is a plant in the orchid family and is native to areas from Indochina to northern Australia. It is a terrestrial orchid with a tough upright, stem and stiffly spreading, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves. There is a long flowering stem with a short zig-zag section near the end where single flowers open in succession. The flowers are white with a yellow labellum.

Pale reed orchid
Drawing of Bromheadia finlaysoniana (as B. palustris) by Sarah Drake
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Bromheadia
Species:
B. finlaysoniana
Binomial name
Bromheadia finlaysoniana
Synonyms[1]
  • Bromheadia finlaysoniana var. palustris (Lindl.) J.J.Sm.
  • Bromheadia palustris Lindl.
  • Bromheadia palustris var. papuana J.J.Sm.
  • Bromheadia pulchra Schltr.
  • Bromheadia sylvestris Ridl.
  • Bromheadia venusta T.E.Hunt
  • Coelogyne caulescens Griff.
  • Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum Lindl.
Drawing of Bromheadia finlaysoniana (as B. palustris) drawn by Lewis Roberts

Description Edit

Bromheadia finlaysoniana is a terrestrial, evergreen herb with flattened yellowish stems 1–1.5 m (3–5 ft) long with tough, stiffly spreading elliptic to egg-shaped leaves 100–150 mm (4–6 in) long and 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) wide. The flowering stems is 100–200 mm (4–8 in) long with a short zig-zag end where up to seventy five single white flowers open in succession. The flowers are 35–45 mm (1–2 in) long, 30–40 mm (1–2 in) wide and are pinkish on the outside. The sepals are elliptic to egg-shaped, 25–50 mm (1–2 in) long and 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide and the petals are egg-shaped and a similar length but broader than the sepals. The labellum is pale yellow, about 21 mm (0.8 in) long and 15 mm (0.6 in) wide and has three lobes, the side lobes erect. Flowering occurs between June and March in Australia and as late as October in New Guinea.[2][4]

Taxonomy and naming Edit

The pale reed orchid was first formally described in 1833 by John Lindley who gave it the name Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum and published the description in his book The genera and species of Orchidaceous plants.[5][6] In 1859, Friedrich Miquel changed the name to Bromheadia Finlaysoniana.[1] The specific epithet (finlaysoniana) honours George Finlayson who collected the type specimen.[6][7]

Distribution and habitat Edit

Bromheadia finlaysoniana has a wide distribution that includes Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, the Malay Peninsula, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, Brunei, the Moluccas, New Guinea, the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, the Anambas Islands and possibly the Philippines, although it's uncertain whether the specimens referred to the Philippines were actually collected there.[1][4][8] It grows in wet areas, usually near streams, 0–200 metres altitude.[2][9] In Queensland, B. finlaysoniana grows from the top of the Cape York Peninsula in the north to Hopevale in the south.[9]

A cDNA for the enzyme dihydroflavonol 4-reductase has been cloned from B. finlaysoniana.[10]

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c d "Bromheadia finlaysoniana". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. ^ a b c Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 353. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. ^ "Bromheadia pulchra". APNI. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Bromheadia finlaysoniana". Orchids of New Guinea. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
  5. ^ "Grammatophyllum finlaysoniana". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  6. ^ a b Lindley, John (1833). The genera and species of Orchidaceous plants. London: Ridgways. p. 173. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
  7. ^ Wiart, Christophe (2012). Medicinal plants of China, Korea, and Japan : bioresources for tomorrow's drugs and cosmetics. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 95. ISBN 9781439899113.
  8. ^ Kruizinga, Jacob; van Scheindelen, H. J.; de Vogel, E.F. (1997). "Revision of the genus Bromheadia (Orchidaceae)". Orchid Monographs. 8 (1): 79–118, figures 29–55, plates 4b-5b.
  9. ^ a b Beasley, J. 2009. Plants of Cape York: The Compact Guide. John Beasley, Kuranda, Qld., Australia. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-9806863-0-2.
  10. ^ The isolation, molecular characterization and expression of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase cDNA in the orchid, Bromheadia finlaysoniana. Chye-Fong Liew, Chiang-Shiong Loh, Chong-Jin Goh and Saw-Hoon Lim, Plant Science, Volume 135, Issue 2, 10 July 1998, Pages 161–169, doi:10.1016/S0168-9452(98)00071-5

  Media related to Bromheadia finlaysoniana at Wikimedia Commons

bromheadia, finlaysoniana, commonly, known, pale, reed, orchid, bromheadia, pulchra, australia, plant, orchid, family, native, areas, from, indochina, northern, australia, terrestrial, orchid, with, tough, upright, stem, stiffly, spreading, elliptic, shaped, l. Bromheadia finlaysoniana commonly known as the pale reed orchid 2 and as Bromheadia pulchra in Australia 3 is a plant in the orchid family and is native to areas from Indochina to northern Australia It is a terrestrial orchid with a tough upright stem and stiffly spreading elliptic to egg shaped leaves There is a long flowering stem with a short zig zag section near the end where single flowers open in succession The flowers are white with a yellow labellum Pale reed orchidDrawing of Bromheadia finlaysoniana as B palustris by Sarah DrakeScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AsparagalesFamily OrchidaceaeSubfamily EpidendroideaeGenus BromheadiaSpecies B finlaysonianaBinomial nameBromheadia finlaysoniana Lindl Miq 1 Synonyms 1 Bromheadia finlaysoniana var palustris Lindl J J Sm Bromheadia palustris Lindl Bromheadia palustris var papuana J J Sm Bromheadia pulchra Schltr Bromheadia sylvestris Ridl Bromheadia venusta T E Hunt Coelogyne caulescens Griff Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum Lindl Drawing of Bromheadia finlaysoniana as B palustris drawn by Lewis RobertsContents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy and naming 3 Distribution and habitat 4 ReferencesDescription EditBromheadia finlaysoniana is a terrestrial evergreen herb with flattened yellowish stems 1 1 5 m 3 5 ft long with tough stiffly spreading elliptic to egg shaped leaves 100 150 mm 4 6 in long and 20 30 mm 0 8 1 in wide The flowering stems is 100 200 mm 4 8 in long with a short zig zag end where up to seventy five single white flowers open in succession The flowers are 35 45 mm 1 2 in long 30 40 mm 1 2 in wide and are pinkish on the outside The sepals are elliptic to egg shaped 25 50 mm 1 2 in long and 7 9 mm 0 3 0 4 in wide and the petals are egg shaped and a similar length but broader than the sepals The labellum is pale yellow about 21 mm 0 8 in long and 15 mm 0 6 in wide and has three lobes the side lobes erect Flowering occurs between June and March in Australia and as late as October in New Guinea 2 4 Taxonomy and naming EditThe pale reed orchid was first formally described in 1833 by John Lindley who gave it the name Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum and published the description in his book The genera and species of Orchidaceous plants 5 6 In 1859 Friedrich Miquel changed the name to Bromheadia Finlaysoniana 1 The specific epithet finlaysoniana honours George Finlayson who collected the type specimen 6 7 Distribution and habitat EditBromheadia finlaysoniana has a wide distribution that includes Myanmar Thailand Cambodia Laos Vietnam the Malay Peninsula Singapore Sumatra Borneo Brunei the Moluccas New Guinea the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland the Anambas Islands and possibly the Philippines although it s uncertain whether the specimens referred to the Philippines were actually collected there 1 4 8 It grows in wet areas usually near streams 0 200 metres altitude 2 9 In Queensland B finlaysoniana grows from the top of the Cape York Peninsula in the north to Hopevale in the south 9 A cDNA for the enzyme dihydroflavonol 4 reductase has been cloned from B finlaysoniana 10 References Edit a b c d Bromheadia finlaysoniana World Checklist of Selected Plant Families WCSP Royal Botanic Gardens Kew a b c Jones David L 2006 A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories Frenchs Forest N S W New Holland p 353 ISBN 1877069124 Bromheadia pulchra APNI Retrieved 7 September 2018 a b Bromheadia finlaysoniana Orchids of New Guinea Retrieved 7 September 2018 Grammatophyllum finlaysoniana World Checklist of Selected Plant Families WCSP Royal Botanic Gardens Kew a b Lindley John 1833 The genera and species of Orchidaceous plants London Ridgways p 173 Retrieved 7 September 2018 Wiart Christophe 2012 Medicinal plants of China Korea and Japan bioresources for tomorrow s drugs and cosmetics Boca Raton Florida CRC Press p 95 ISBN 9781439899113 Kruizinga Jacob van Scheindelen H J de Vogel E F 1997 Revision of the genus Bromheadia Orchidaceae Orchid Monographs 8 1 79 118 figures 29 55 plates 4b 5b a b Beasley J 2009 Plants of Cape York The Compact Guide John Beasley Kuranda Qld Australia p 166 ISBN 978 0 9806863 0 2 The isolation molecular characterization and expression of dihydroflavonol 4 reductase cDNA in the orchid Bromheadia finlaysoniana Chye Fong Liew Chiang Shiong Loh Chong Jin Goh and Saw Hoon Lim Plant Science Volume 135 Issue 2 10 July 1998 Pages 161 169 doi 10 1016 S0168 9452 98 00071 5 nbsp Media related to Bromheadia finlaysoniana at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bromheadia finlaysoniana amp oldid 1137697526, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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