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Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger

January 01, 1970

The Boeing XPBB-1 Sea Ranger (Boeing 344) was a prototype twin-engined flying boat patrol bomber built for the United States Navy. The order for this aircraft was canceled, to free production capacity to build the Boeing B-29, and only a single prototype was completed.

XPBB-1 Sea Ranger
Role Prototype patrol bomber
Manufacturer Boeing
First flight 9 July 1942
Retired 1947
Status Prototype
Primary user United States Navy
Number built 1

Development edit

Well before the United States entered World War II, the Navy started a program to develop a long-range flying boat, able to cover the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean. The Model 344 design offered by Boeing was chosen, and a contract for 57 aircraft was awarded on 29 June 1940. The designation given to the type was PBB for Patrol Bomber, Boeing, the first aircraft of the PB category built by Boeing for the Navy. Nevertheless, Boeing did have important experience in the construction of large flying boats, having produced the successful Boeing 314 airliner. To build the large PBB, Boeing started construction of a new lakeside factory in Renton, Washington, that was owned by the US Navy. However, the prototype was constructed mostly in Seattle, and was moved to Renton only for completion.[1]

To achieve the desired long range, the PBB became a fairly large aircraft, with a wingspan of 139 feet 8+1⁄2 inches (42.59 m) and a crew of ten.[1] Despite its size, it was powered by just two Wright R-3350 Duplex Cyclone radial engines, driving three-bladed Curtiss Electric propellers. It was the largest twin-engined flying boat flown during World War II. For a flying boat, the PBB was aerodynamically clean, with a cantilever wing set high on the fuselage. The planing bottom had a single step, and the non-retractable outrigger floats were attached to streamlined, cantilever struts. The lower hull was divided with seven watertight compartments, and a short upper deck provided seating for the cockpit crew. The wing of the PBB was constructed in a center section and two outer panels. The center section carried the engine nacelles and contained the internal bomb bays, as well as fuel and oil tanks. The outer wing panels contained main and auxiliary, integral fuel tanks.

The defensive armament of the PBB consisted of five powered turrets, equipped with Browning .50 M2 machine guns. They were installed in the nose, in the tail, on the upper fuselage just aft of the trailing edge of the wing, and in two waist positions at the rear fuselage. Except for the waist guns, the turrets had two guns each. Offensive armament could consist of up to 20,000 lb of bombs in internal bomb bays in the wing center section (five bays on each side) or of two Mk.13 or Mk.15 torpedoes slung under the wing center section.[2]

The 1710 US gallon auxiliary outer and 1565 US gallon inner fuel tanks were intended to be used only in an overload condition, in which the PBB would use catapult-assisted takeoff to achieve a theoretical range of 11,000 miles (18,000 km).[3] The normal range using the main fuel tanks was 4,245 miles (6,832 km).[4] In March 1941 the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics asked the Naval Aircraft Factory for a catapult able to launch a PBB-1. The NAF duly prepared a design for a Mark VII catapult that would be able to launch a fifty-ton PBB-1 at a speed of 130 miles per hour.[5] The catapult would be installed so that the flying boat could be lifted onto it with a large crane or hydraulic jacks. However, in the summer of 1942, while development of the Mk.VII catapult was still ongoing, the Navy cancelled the project because it considered JATO assistance at takeoff more practical.

The prototype, designated XPBB-1, made its first flight on 9 July 1942 from Lake Washington.[1] The aircraft handled very well and was considered technically successful. However, already in 1942 the PBB program had been cancelled: The need for a long-range flying boat had been reduced by the ability of land planes such as the Consolidated PB4Y to fly long-range missions over the ocean, and construction of a small number of PBB-1s would have a negative impact on the production rate of the B-29. The Navy allowed the Army to use the Renton factory for the production of B-29 bombers, in return for the use of another factory in Kansas.

The single XPBB-1 was handed over to the US Navy, and was used in trials programs until 1947, when it was finally retired. Despite suggestions that more aircraft might be built, perhaps by another factory, it remained the single example of the type, and was accordingly nicknamed "Lone Ranger".[4]

Specifications (XPBB-1 Sea Ranger) edit

 
3-view line drawing of the Boeing XPBB-1 Sea Ranger

Data from War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Six [6]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 10
  • Length: 94 ft 9 in (28.89 m)
  • Wingspan: 139 ft 8.5 in (42.59 m)
  • Height: 34 ft 2 in (10.42 m)
  • Wing area: 1,826 sq ft (169.7 m2)
  • Empty weight: 41,531 lb (18,878 kg)
  • Gross weight: 62,006 lb (28,185 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 101,130 lb (45,968 kg)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Wright R-3350-8 radial engines, 2,300 hp (1,716 kW) each

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 186 kn (214 mph, 345 km/h) at sea level
  • Range: 5,500 nmi (6,300 mi, 10,000 km) (maximum)
  • Normal range: 3,691 nmi (4,248 mi; 6,836 km)
  • Service ceiling: 22,400 ft (6,830 m)
  • Rate of climb: 980 ft/min (4.98 m/s)
  • Wing loading: 34.0 lb/sq ft (166 kg/m2)
  • Power/mass: 0.15 hp/lb (0.24 kW/kg)

Armament

  • Guns: 8 × .50 in (12.7 mm) machine guns as twin mounts in powered bow, dorsal, and tail turrets and single mounts in waist positions
  • Bombs: 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg)

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger.

Related lists

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ a b c Bowers 1989, p.248.
  2. ^ Boniface 1997, pp. 56–57.
  3. ^ Boniface 1997, pp. 54, 56.
  4. ^ a b Bowers 1989, p.249.
  5. ^ Trimble, William F. 'Wings for the Navy'. Naval Institute Press, USA, 1990.
  6. ^ Green 1968, p.146.
Bibliography
  • Bowers, Peter M. (1989). Boeing Aircraft since 1916. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-804-6.
  • Boniface, Patrick (January 1997). "Boeing's Lone Ranger". Aeroplane Monthly. IPC. pp. 54–57.
  • Green, William (1968). War Planes of the Second World War: Volume Five Flying Boats. London: Macdonald. ISBN 0-356-01449-5.
  • Pilot's Handbook Model XPBB-1. Seattle, Washington: Boeing Aircraft Company. 21 March 1945. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  • Winchester, Jim (2005). The World's Worst Aircraft. New York: Amber Books. ISBN 0-7607-8714-X.

External links edit

  Media related to Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger at Wikimedia Commons

January 01, 1970
boeing, xpbb, ranger, boeing, xpbb, ranger, boeing, prototype, twin, engined, flying, boat, patrol, bomber, built, united, states, navy, order, this, aircraft, canceled, free, production, capacity, build, boeing, only, single, prototype, completed, xpbb, range. The Boeing XPBB 1 Sea Ranger Boeing 344 was a prototype twin engined flying boat patrol bomber built for the United States Navy The order for this aircraft was canceled to free production capacity to build the Boeing B 29 and only a single prototype was completed XPBB 1 Sea Ranger Role Prototype patrol bomber Manufacturer Boeing First flight 9 July 1942 Retired 1947 Status Prototype Primary user United States Navy Number built 1 Contents 1 Development 2 Specifications XPBB 1 Sea Ranger 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDevelopment editWell before the United States entered World War II the Navy started a program to develop a long range flying boat able to cover the vast expanse of the Pacific Ocean The Model 344 design offered by Boeing was chosen and a contract for 57 aircraft was awarded on 29 June 1940 The designation given to the type was PBB for Patrol Bomber Boeing the first aircraft of the PB category built by Boeing for the Navy Nevertheless Boeing did have important experience in the construction of large flying boats having produced the successful Boeing 314 airliner To build the large PBB Boeing started construction of a new lakeside factory in Renton Washington that was owned by the US Navy However the prototype was constructed mostly in Seattle and was moved to Renton only for completion 1 To achieve the desired long range the PBB became a fairly large aircraft with a wingspan of 139 feet 8 1 2 inches 42 59 m and a crew of ten 1 Despite its size it was powered by just two Wright R 3350 Duplex Cyclone radial engines driving three bladed Curtiss Electric propellers It was the largest twin engined flying boat flown during World War II For a flying boat the PBB was aerodynamically clean with a cantilever wing set high on the fuselage The planing bottom had a single step and the non retractable outrigger floats were attached to streamlined cantilever struts The lower hull was divided with seven watertight compartments and a short upper deck provided seating for the cockpit crew The wing of the PBB was constructed in a center section and two outer panels The center section carried the engine nacelles and contained the internal bomb bays as well as fuel and oil tanks The outer wing panels contained main and auxiliary integral fuel tanks The defensive armament of the PBB consisted of five powered turrets equipped with Browning 50 M2 machine guns They were installed in the nose in the tail on the upper fuselage just aft of the trailing edge of the wing and in two waist positions at the rear fuselage Except for the waist guns the turrets had two guns each Offensive armament could consist of up to 20 000 lb of bombs in internal bomb bays in the wing center section five bays on each side or of two Mk 13 or Mk 15 torpedoes slung under the wing center section 2 The 1710 US gallon auxiliary outer and 1565 US gallon inner fuel tanks were intended to be used only in an overload condition in which the PBB would use catapult assisted takeoff to achieve a theoretical range of 11 000 miles 18 000 km 3 The normal range using the main fuel tanks was 4 245 miles 6 832 km 4 In March 1941 the Navy s Bureau of Aeronautics asked the Naval Aircraft Factory for a catapult able to launch a PBB 1 The NAF duly prepared a design for a Mark VII catapult that would be able to launch a fifty ton PBB 1 at a speed of 130 miles per hour 5 The catapult would be installed so that the flying boat could be lifted onto it with a large crane or hydraulic jacks However in the summer of 1942 while development of the Mk VII catapult was still ongoing the Navy cancelled the project because it considered JATO assistance at takeoff more practical The prototype designated XPBB 1 made its first flight on 9 July 1942 from Lake Washington 1 The aircraft handled very well and was considered technically successful However already in 1942 the PBB program had been cancelled The need for a long range flying boat had been reduced by the ability of land planes such as the Consolidated PB4Y to fly long range missions over the ocean and construction of a small number of PBB 1s would have a negative impact on the production rate of the B 29 The Navy allowed the Army to use the Renton factory for the production of B 29 bombers in return for the use of another factory in Kansas The single XPBB 1 was handed over to the US Navy and was used in trials programs until 1947 when it was finally retired Despite suggestions that more aircraft might be built perhaps by another factory it remained the single example of the type and was accordingly nicknamed Lone Ranger 4 Specifications XPBB 1 Sea Ranger edit nbsp 3 view line drawing of the Boeing XPBB 1 Sea Ranger Data from War Planes of the Second World War Volume Six 6 General characteristicsCrew 10 Length 94 ft 9 in 28 89 m Wingspan 139 ft 8 5 in 42 59 m Height 34 ft 2 in 10 42 m Wing area 1 826 sq ft 169 7 m2 Empty weight 41 531 lb 18 878 kg Gross weight 62 006 lb 28 185 kg Max takeoff weight 101 130 lb 45 968 kg Powerplant 2 Wright R 3350 8 radial engines 2 300 hp 1 716 kW each Performance Maximum speed 186 kn 214 mph 345 km h at sea level Range 5 500 nmi 6 300 mi 10 000 km maximum Normal range 3 691 nmi 4 248 mi 6 836 km Service ceiling 22 400 ft 6 830 m Rate of climb 980 ft min 4 98 m s Wing loading 34 0 lb sq ft 166 kg m2 Power mass 0 15 hp lb 0 24 kW kg Armament Guns 8 50 in 12 7 mm machine guns as twin mounts in powered bow dorsal and tail turrets and single mounts in waist positions Bombs 20 000 pounds 9 100 kg See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger Related lists List of bomber aircraft List of United States Navy aircraft designations pre 1962 List of military aircraft of the United StatesReferences editNotes a b c Bowers 1989 p 248 Boniface 1997 pp 56 57 Boniface 1997 pp 54 56 a b Bowers 1989 p 249 Trimble William F Wings for the Navy Naval Institute Press USA 1990 Green 1968 p 146 Bibliography Bowers Peter M 1989 Boeing Aircraft since 1916 London Putnam ISBN 0 85177 804 6 Boniface Patrick January 1997 Boeing s Lone Ranger Aeroplane Monthly IPC pp 54 57 Green William 1968 War Planes of the Second World War Volume Five Flying Boats London Macdonald ISBN 0 356 01449 5 Pilot s Handbook Model XPBB 1 Seattle Washington Boeing Aircraft Company 21 March 1945 Retrieved 24 May 2021 Winchester Jim 2005 The World s Worst Aircraft New York Amber Books ISBN 0 7607 8714 X Boeing XPBB 1External links edit nbsp Media related to Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger amp oldid 1162853248, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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