An aquascope (also called bathyscope) is an underwater viewing device. It is used to view the underwater world often from dry land or a boat. It eliminates the water surface glare and allows viewing as far as water clarity and light permit. The underwater viewer can be used for observing reefs, checking boat moorings, secchi disks and other survey work. It is also used as educational tool to watch plants, creatures and habitats underneath the surface of rivers, lakes and seas.[1]
A more advanced version, an underwater telescope was patented by Sarah Mather in 1845 - U.S. Patent No. 3,995;[2] it permitted sea-going vessels to survey the depths of the ocean.[3][4] It used a camphine lamp in a glass globe that was sunk into the water. The device allowed the examination of a ship's hull and other details from the deck of a boat.[5] In 1864, Mather added an improvement - U.S. Patent No. 43,465 [6] to her previous invention to detect Southern underwater warships.[7]
The instrument which has been popularly named the Water, or Marine Telescope, from the power given by its use to see into the water, consists of a tube of metal or wood, of a convenient length, to enable a person looking over the gunnel of a boat to rest the head on the one end, while the other is below the surface of the water ; the upper end is so formed, that the head may rest on it, both eyes seeing freely into the tube. Into the lower end is fixed (water-tight) a plate of glass, which, when used, is to be kept under the surface of the water.[8]
A very convenient size for the instrument represented in the above figure, is to make the length AC, 3 feet, and the mouth A, where the face is applied, of an irregular oval form, that both eyes may see freely into the tube, with an indentation on one side, that the nose may breathe freely, not throwing the moisture of the breath into the tube. B is a round plate of glass, 8 inches diameter, over which is the rim or edge C ; this rim is best formed of lead, J of an inch thick, and 3 inches deep; the weight of the lead serves to sink the tube a little into the water. Holes must be provided at the junction of B to C, for the purpose of allowing the air to escape, and bring the water into contact with the glass; on each side there is a handle for holding1 the instrument.[8]
^Jacquelyn A. Greenblatt (1999) Women Scientists and Inventors Page 80 Good Year Books ISBN9781596472631 Retrieved 2015
^ abEdinburgh New Philosophical Journal. 1850. pp. 117–.
Bibliography
Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. 1850. pp. 117–.
George Buist (1852). Manual of Physical Research Adapted for India. J. Macfarlane. pp. 1–.
David Ames Wells; George Bliss, eds. (1851). "Description of the Marine or Water Telescope". The Annual of Scientific Discovery, Or, Year-book of Facts in Science and Art. Boston: Gould and Lincoln. pp. 143–144.
The Annals of Philosophy. Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. 1816. pp. 183–.
External links
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Exploring-the-ocean-with-a-bathyscope
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aquascope, aquascope, also, called, bathyscope, underwater, viewing, device, used, view, underwater, world, often, from, land, boat, eliminates, water, surface, glare, allows, viewing, water, clarity, light, permit, underwater, viewer, used, observing, reefs, . An aquascope also called bathyscope is an underwater viewing device It is used to view the underwater world often from dry land or a boat It eliminates the water surface glare and allows viewing as far as water clarity and light permit The underwater viewer can be used for observing reefs checking boat moorings secchi disks and other survey work It is also used as educational tool to watch plants creatures and habitats underneath the surface of rivers lakes and seas 1 A more advanced version an underwater telescope was patented by Sarah Mather in 1845 U S Patent No 3 995 2 it permitted sea going vessels to survey the depths of the ocean 3 4 It used a camphine lamp in a glass globe that was sunk into the water The device allowed the examination of a ship s hull and other details from the deck of a boat 5 In 1864 Mather added an improvement U S Patent No 43 465 6 to her previous invention to detect Southern underwater warships 7 Contents 1 Construction 2 Media 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 External linksConstruction Edit Bathyscope of c a 1850 The instrument which has been popularly named the Water or Marine Telescope from the power given by its use to see into the water consists of a tube of metal or wood of a convenient length to enable a person looking over the gunnel of a boat to rest the head on the one end while the other is below the surface of the water the upper end is so formed that the head may rest on it both eyes seeing freely into the tube Into the lower end is fixed water tight a plate of glass which when used is to be kept under the surface of the water 8 A very convenient size for the instrument represented in the above figure is to make the length AC 3 feet and the mouth A where the face is applied of an irregular oval form that both eyes may see freely into the tube with an indentation on one side that the nose may breathe freely not throwing the moisture of the breath into the tube B is a round plate of glass 8 inches diameter over which is the rim or edge C this rim is best formed of lead J of an inch thick and 3 inches deep the weight of the lead serves to sink the tube a little into the water Holes must be provided at the junction of B to C for the purpose of allowing the air to escape and bring the water into contact with the glass on each side there is a handle for holding1 the instrument 8 Media Edit Portable acquascope Acquascope in use Aquascope submarine tour boats Lanzarote Spain Underwater viewer Museum of Ethnology Osaka 1976References Edit Large Aquascope Underwater Viewer Bathyscope NHBS Retrieved 2019 11 21 Xsubmarine t telescope Chicago Tribune Dec 1992 Defying Stereotypes The Inventive Women Of America US Patent 3995 S P MATHER Submarine Telescope and Lamp Submarine Telescope in 1843 RareNewspapers com www rarenewspapers com Improvement in submarine telescopes Jacquelyn A Greenblatt 1999 Women Scientists and Inventors Page 80 Good Year Books ISBN 9781596472631 Retrieved 2015 a b Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 1850 pp 117 Bibliography EditEdinburgh New Philosophical Journal 1850 pp 117 George Buist 1852 Manual of Physical Research Adapted for India J Macfarlane pp 1 David Ames Wells George Bliss eds 1851 Description of the Marine or Water Telescope The Annual of Scientific Discovery Or Year book of Facts in Science and Art Boston Gould and Lincoln pp 143 144 The Annals of Philosophy Baldwin Cradock and Joy 1816 pp 183 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Underwater viewers Exploring the ocean with a bathyscope This optics related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Aquascope amp oldid 1077313513, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
