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Blackfeet Nation

January 26, 2023

"Blackfoot Nation" and "Blackfeet" redirect here. For other uses, see Blackfoot (disambiguation).

The Blackfeet Nation (Blackfoot: Aamsskáápipikani, Pikuni), officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana,[3] is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana. Tribal members primarily belong to the Piegan Blackfeet (Ampskapi Piikani) band of the larger Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States.

Blackfeet Nation
Aamsskáápipikani, Pikuni
Indian reservation
Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana
Northern boundary of the Blackfeet Tribe, Montana
Flag
Location in Montana
TribeBlackfoot (Niitsitapi)
CountryUnited States
StateMontana
CountiesGlacier
Pondera
HeadquartersBrowning
Government
[1]
 • BodyVern Timmerman
 • ChairmanTimothy Davis
 • Vice-ChairmanTerry J. Tatsey
Area
 • Total2,285.4 sq mi (5,919.1 km2)
 • Fee lands827.85 sq mi (2,144.13 km2)
Highest elevation
9,066 ft (2,763 m)
Lowest elevation
3,400 ft (1,000 m)
Population
 (2017)[2]
 • Total10,938
 • Density4.8/sq mi (1.8/km2)
Websiteblackfeetnation.com
Entering the reservation on U.S. Route 2

The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is located east of Glacier National Park and borders the Canadian province of Alberta. Cut Bank Creek and Birch Creek form part of its eastern and southern borders. The reservation contains 3,000 square miles (7,800 km2), twice the size of the national park and larger than the state of Delaware. It is located in parts of Glacier and Pondera counties.

History

The Blackfeet settled in the region around Montana beginning in the 17th century. Previously, they resided in an area of the woodlands north and west of the Great Lakes. Pressure exerted by British traders at James Bay in present day Canada on the Algonquin-speaking tribes in the area drove the Blackfeet out onto the Northern Plains. They eventually acquired firearms and horses, and became a formidable example of the classic Plains Indian culture. They were a powerful force, controlling an area that extended from current day Edmonton, Alberta Province, nearly to Yellowstone National Park, and from Glacier Park to the Black Hills of South Dakota. The Badger-Two Medicine area is a significant sacred site for the tribe.

In the late 19th century, Blackfeet territory was encroached on by European Americans and Canadians, and various branches of the people were forced to cede lands and ultimately move to smaller Indian reservations in the United States and reserves in Canada.[4] Adjacent to their reservation, established by Treaty of 1896, are two federally controlled areas: the Lewis and Clark National Forest, set up in 1896, which contains the Badger-Two Medicine area, an area of 200 square miles (520 km2); and Glacier National Park, both part of the tribal nation's former territory. The Badger-Two Medicine area is sacred to the Blackfeet people.[4] This sacred part of the Rocky Mountain Front was excluded from Blackfeet lands in a Treaty of 1896, but they reserved access, hunting and fishing rights.[5] Since the early 1980s, when the Bureau of Land Management approved drilling rights leases without consultation with the tribe, the Blackfeet have worked to protect this sacred area, where they practiced their traditional religious rituals.

The United States federal government suspended all leasing activities for drilling in this area in the 1990s, and in 2007 the Bush administration made permanent a moratorium on issuing new permits. Many leaseholders had already relinquished their leases, and in November 2016 the Department of Interior announced the cancellation of the 15 drilling rights leases held by Devon Energy Corporation in the Badger-Two Medicine area.[4] The Blackfeet had documented that the area was not a "wilderness," as the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex was designated in 1964, but a "human landscape" shaped by and integral to their culture.[4]

Geography

Elevations in the reservation range from a low of 3,400 feet (1,000 m) to a high of 9,066 feet (2,763 m) at Chief Mountain. Adjacent mountains include Ninaki Mountain and Papoose. The eastern part of the reservation is mostly open hills of grassland, while a narrow strip along the western edge is covered by forests of fir and spruce. Free-ranging cattle are present in several areas, sometimes including on roadways.

Several waterways drain the area with the largest being the St. Mary River, Two Medicine River, Milk River, Birch Creek and Cut Bank Creek. There are 175 miles (282 km) of streams and eight major lakes on the reservation.

The reservation is east of the Lewis and Clark National Forest in Montana, which contains the Badger-Two Medicine area, sacred to the Blackfeet people.[4] The Badger-Two Medicine area is at the Rocky Mountain Front of the national forest. The Blackfeet call the Rocky Mountains the "Backbone of the World". Their names for peaks include Morning Star, Poia, Little Plume, Running Crane, Spotted Eagle, Kiyo, Scarface, Elkcalf Bullshoe, and Curly Bear.[6]

Demographics

 
Blackfeet Indian Reservation, looking at the mountains of Glacier National Park

The 2010 census reported a population of 10,405 living on the reservation lands.[7] The population density is 3.47 people per square mile (1.34 people/km²).

The Blackfeet Nation has 16,500 enrolled members. The main community is Browning, Montana, which is the seat of tribal government. Other towns serve the tourist economy along the edge of the park: St. Mary and East Glacier Park Village, which has an Amtrak passenger station and the historic Glacier Park Lodge. Small communities include Babb, Kiowa, Blackfoot, Seville, Heart Butte, Starr School, and Glacier Homes.

Communities

Culture

The tribe has an oral history of 10,000 years in this region. It recounts the sacred nature of their central place, the Badger-Two Medicine area, known as their site of creation and origin.[8]

The Rocky Mountain Front near Birch Creek The Badger-Two Medicine is "covered by the Treaty of 1896, which gives Blackfeet tribal members the right to hunt and fish in any portion of the area in accordance with state law and cut wood for domestic use. Blackfeet treaty claims as well as spiritual and cultural uses of the Badger-Two Medicine are pre-existing rights ... Blackfeet tribal members have used the Badger-Two Medicine and its waters for hundreds of years for vision quests and for other religious and cultural purposes."[6]

In 2002, the Department of Interior declared roughly two-thirds — almost 90,000 acres (36,000 ha) — of the Badger-Two Medicine area along the Rocky Mountain Front as eligible for listing as a Traditional Cultural District in the National Register of Historic Places.[6] This was a recognition of its importance to the Blackfeet. They used an ethnographer to document their oral history of use and practices, and in 2014 used this information to negotiate with stakeholders over leases for drilling rights that had been made in the area.[4]

The nation celebrates North American Indian Days, an annual festival held on pow wow grounds, near the Museum of the Plains Indian in Browning. Adjacent to the reservation's eastern edge is the city of Cut Bank.

Economy

Because of its isolated location, residents of the reservation have suffered high unemployment. As of May 2016, the Montana Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Program Preliminary Non-Seasonally Adjusted Data reports the rate is 11.0% on the reservation (for comparison, at the same time, unemployment was 3.6% for Montana and 4.5% for the U.S.).[9]

In 2001, the BIA reported 69 percent unemployment among registered members of the tribe.[10] Among those who were employed that year, 26% earned less than the poverty guideline.

The major income source of the reservation is petroleum and natural gas leases on the oil fields on tribal lands. In 1982, there were 643 producing oil wells and 47 producing gas wells.

The reservation also has a significant tourist industry.[11] Other economic activities include ranching and a small lumber industry, which supported the Blackfeet Indian Writing Company pencil factory in Browning.[12]

Farms located at least partially on the reservation reported a total income of $9 million in 2002. A total of 354 farms covered 1,291,180 acres (522,520 ha), the majority of the reservation's land. Most of these farms or ranches were family-owned, including the 198 farms owned by Native Americans.[13]

Eighty percent of the land was used for raising beef cattle, which produced eighty percent of farm income. Other livestock included hogs, and chickens, with only small numbers of dairy cattle, bison, horses, and sheep.[13]

Of the 245,530 acres (99,360 ha) used for growing crops, only 32,158 acres (13,014 ha), or 13%, were irrigated. Crops raised included wheat, barley, and hay with a smaller amount of oats.[13]

Members of the tribe work seasonally in wildfire firefighting, a source of considerable individual income. In 2000, some 1,000 Blackfeet worked as firefighters, including the elite Chief Mountain Hotshots team. Firefighting income brought in $6.1 million that year. However, this income is highly variable depending on the severity of the wildfire season.

On April 30, 2010, the Blackfeet Tribal Business Council (BTBC) approved three major initiatives totaling $5.5 million. The revenue was to be derived from payments for oil exploration from Newfield Production Co. The BTBC approved a $200 special per capita payments for all 16,500 members, initial funding for a new grocery store in Browning, and more than $1 million for land acquisition within the reservation to return property to tribal control.

Government

 
Relationship of the National Park and the reservation

The Blackfeet Nation runs the sovereign government on the reservation through its elected Tribal Business Council. For many years Earl Old Person led the council.[14] Old Person was also the honorary chief of the tribe.[15] It provides most services, including courts, child welfare, employment assistance, wildlife management, health care, education, land management, and senior services, as well as garbage collection and water systems. They worked with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs to replace native police with federal officers in 2003 because of problems in the local force.

The reservation includes several types of land use. Of the total 1,462,640 acres (591,910 ha), 650,558 acres (263,271 ha) are held in trust for enrolled tribal members, 311,324 acres (125,988 ha) are held directly by the tribe, and 8,292 acres (3,356 ha) are Government Reserve, mostly irrigation projects and the Cut Bank Boarding School Reserve. The remaining 529,826 acres (214,413 ha) are Fee lands, which is taxable and may be privately owned by the tribe, tribe members or non-tribe members.

The tribe leases some of its communal land for homes, farms, grazing, and commercial uses. They offer leases to tribe members prior to non-members. The tribe has the right of first refusal; all private land offered for sale within the reservation must be offered to the tribe first. If they decline to purchase it, they grant a waiver permitting purchase by non-Native parties.

Transportation

There are no paved north-south roads in Glacier National Park. Access to sites on the east side of the park is provided by U.S. Route 89, which runs through the reservation to the Canada–US border, crossing near Chief Mountain. It provides access to the Canadian sister national park, Waterton Lakes. Both east-west routes for the park travel through the reservation, as does the passenger train service on Amtrak's Empire Builder. Several hiking trails continue out of the park and across the reservation; they require Blackfeet-issued permits for use.

Notable people

See also

  • Tipi ring, with information about study of tipi ring sites on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
  • Darrell "Dusty" Crawford learned that he has what may be the oldest DNA native to the Americas. The test revealed the origins of his Blackfeet ancestors who may have already been in the Americas about 17,000 years ago.[18]

References

  1. ^ "Blackfeet Nation - Our Government". Retrieved 2019-07-24.
  2. ^ 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. "My Tribal Area". United States Census Bureau.
  3. ^ "Blackfeet Nation Constitution". Blackfeet Nation. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Renae Ditmer, "On Eve of Film Premier, Interior Cancels Oil and Gas Leases in Blackfeet ‘Cathedral’", Indian Country Today, 22 November 2016; accessed 23 November 2016
  5. ^ Weber, Samantha (2019-04-23). "The Blackfeet Nation is opening its own national park". High Country News. from the original on 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
  6. ^ a b c Rocky Mountain Front 2016-03-31 at the Wayback Machine, Browning, Montana website
  7. ^ "Census shows growth at 4 Montana reservations". helenair.com/Independent Record. 28 March 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
  8. ^ Brown, Matthew (December 23, 2021). "Company Seeks to Restore Oil Lease on Land Sacred to Tribes". U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press.
  9. ^ "lmi.mt.gov > Home". lmi.mt.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
  10. ^ . February 2007. Archived from the original on May 4, 2005. Retrieved 2013-04-28.
  11. ^ Bolton, Aaron (June 22, 2022). "Blackfeet Nation Welcomes Back Tourists After Risky Shutdown Pays Off". NPR.org. Retrieved 2021-06-23.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "Blackfeet Indian Writing Co., Inc". www.pencilpages.com.
  13. ^ a b c . October 2004. Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved 2013-04-28.
  14. ^ "Old Person: A legacy for the ages". greatfallstribune.com.
  15. ^ Jack McNeel, "10 Things You Should Know about the Blackfeet Nation", Indian Country Today, 19 November 2015; accessed 24 November 2016
  16. ^ Devlin, Vince (2013-07-17). "Gordon Belcourt remembered as advocate for Indian Country". Missoulian. Retrieved 2013-08-10.
  17. ^ Schmidt, Rob. " Blackfeet Actress Misty Upham On Filming 'Jimmy P.' with Benicio Del Toro" 2014-10-15 at the Wayback Machine, Indian Country Today Media Network, 30 Sept 2013. Accessed 1 Feb 2014.
  18. ^ "This Man's DNA is the Oldest in North America". Live Science. 8 May 2019.

References

  • Farr, William E. The Reservation Blackfeet: A Photographic History of Cultural Survival. Foreword by James Welch. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1984. ISBN 0-295-96040-X
  • McFee, Malcolm. Modern Blackfeet: Montanans on a Reservation. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972. ISBN 0-03-085768-6

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blackfeet Nation.
  • Official tribe website
  • Blackfeet Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Montana, United States Census Bureau
  • Singer/songwriter/storyteller/lecturer Jack Gladstone
  • James Willard Schultz Papers, 1867-1969, University of Montana Library

Coordinates: 48°39′31″N 112°52′18″W / 48.65861°N 112.87167°W / 48.65861; -112.87167

January 26, 2023
blackfeet, nation, blackfoot, nation, blackfeet, redirect, here, other, uses, blackfoot, disambiguation, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing,. Blackfoot Nation and Blackfeet redirect here For other uses see Blackfoot disambiguation This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations February 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Blackfeet Nation Blackfoot Aamsskaapipikani Pikuni officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana 3 is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana Tribal members primarily belong to the Piegan Blackfeet Ampskapi Piikani band of the larger Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States Blackfeet Nation Aamsskaapipikani PikuniIndian reservationBlackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of MontanaNorthern boundary of the Blackfeet Tribe MontanaFlagLocation in MontanaTribeBlackfoot Niitsitapi CountryUnited StatesStateMontanaCountiesGlacierPonderaHeadquartersBrowningGovernment 1 BodyVern Timmerman ChairmanTimothy Davis Vice ChairmanTerry J TatseyArea Total2 285 4 sq mi 5 919 1 km2 Fee lands827 85 sq mi 2 144 13 km2 Highest elevation9 066 ft 2 763 m Lowest elevation3 400 ft 1 000 m Population 2017 2 Total10 938 Density4 8 sq mi 1 8 km2 Websiteblackfeetnation comEntering the reservation on U S Route 2 The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is located east of Glacier National Park and borders the Canadian province of Alberta Cut Bank Creek and Birch Creek form part of its eastern and southern borders The reservation contains 3 000 square miles 7 800 km2 twice the size of the national park and larger than the state of Delaware It is located in parts of Glacier and Pondera counties Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Demographics 3 1 Communities 4 Culture 5 Economy 6 Government 7 Transportation 8 Notable people 9 See also 10 References 11 References 12 External linksHistory EditThe Blackfeet settled in the region around Montana beginning in the 17th century Previously they resided in an area of the woodlands north and west of the Great Lakes Pressure exerted by British traders at James Bay in present day Canada on the Algonquin speaking tribes in the area drove the Blackfeet out onto the Northern Plains They eventually acquired firearms and horses and became a formidable example of the classic Plains Indian culture They were a powerful force controlling an area that extended from current day Edmonton Alberta Province nearly to Yellowstone National Park and from Glacier Park to the Black Hills of South Dakota The Badger Two Medicine area is a significant sacred site for the tribe In the late 19th century Blackfeet territory was encroached on by European Americans and Canadians and various branches of the people were forced to cede lands and ultimately move to smaller Indian reservations in the United States and reserves in Canada 4 Adjacent to their reservation established by Treaty of 1896 are two federally controlled areas the Lewis and Clark National Forest set up in 1896 which contains the Badger Two Medicine area an area of 200 square miles 520 km2 and Glacier National Park both part of the tribal nation s former territory The Badger Two Medicine area is sacred to the Blackfeet people 4 This sacred part of the Rocky Mountain Front was excluded from Blackfeet lands in a Treaty of 1896 but they reserved access hunting and fishing rights 5 Since the early 1980s when the Bureau of Land Management approved drilling rights leases without consultation with the tribe the Blackfeet have worked to protect this sacred area where they practiced their traditional religious rituals The United States federal government suspended all leasing activities for drilling in this area in the 1990s and in 2007 the Bush administration made permanent a moratorium on issuing new permits Many leaseholders had already relinquished their leases and in November 2016 the Department of Interior announced the cancellation of the 15 drilling rights leases held by Devon Energy Corporation in the Badger Two Medicine area 4 The Blackfeet had documented that the area was not a wilderness as the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex was designated in 1964 but a human landscape shaped by and integral to their culture 4 Geography EditElevations in the reservation range from a low of 3 400 feet 1 000 m to a high of 9 066 feet 2 763 m at Chief Mountain Adjacent mountains include Ninaki Mountain and Papoose The eastern part of the reservation is mostly open hills of grassland while a narrow strip along the western edge is covered by forests of fir and spruce Free ranging cattle are present in several areas sometimes including on roadways Several waterways drain the area with the largest being the St Mary River Two Medicine River Milk River Birch Creek and Cut Bank Creek There are 175 miles 282 km of streams and eight major lakes on the reservation The reservation is east of the Lewis and Clark National Forest in Montana which contains the Badger Two Medicine area sacred to the Blackfeet people 4 The Badger Two Medicine area is at the Rocky Mountain Front of the national forest The Blackfeet call the Rocky Mountains the Backbone of the World Their names for peaks include Morning Star Poia Little Plume Running Crane Spotted Eagle Kiyo Scarface Elkcalf Bullshoe and Curly Bear 6 Demographics Edit Blackfeet Indian Reservation looking at the mountains of Glacier National Park The 2010 census reported a population of 10 405 living on the reservation lands 7 The population density is 3 47 people per square mile 1 34 people km The Blackfeet Nation has 16 500 enrolled members The main community is Browning Montana which is the seat of tribal government Other towns serve the tourist economy along the edge of the park St Mary and East Glacier Park Village which has an Amtrak passenger station and the historic Glacier Park Lodge Small communities include Babb Kiowa Blackfoot Seville Heart Butte Starr School and Glacier Homes Communities Edit Babb Browning East Glacier Park Village Heart Butte Little Browning North Browning St Mary South Browning Starr SchoolCulture EditThe tribe has an oral history of 10 000 years in this region It recounts the sacred nature of their central place the Badger Two Medicine area known as their site of creation and origin 8 The Rocky Mountain Front near Birch Creek The Badger Two Medicine is covered by the Treaty of 1896 which gives Blackfeet tribal members the right to hunt and fish in any portion of the area in accordance with state law and cut wood for domestic use Blackfeet treaty claims as well as spiritual and cultural uses of the Badger Two Medicine are pre existing rights Blackfeet tribal members have used the Badger Two Medicine and its waters for hundreds of years for vision quests and for other religious and cultural purposes 6 In 2002 the Department of Interior declared roughly two thirds almost 90 000 acres 36 000 ha of the Badger Two Medicine area along the Rocky Mountain Front as eligible for listing as a Traditional Cultural District in the National Register of Historic Places 6 This was a recognition of its importance to the Blackfeet They used an ethnographer to document their oral history of use and practices and in 2014 used this information to negotiate with stakeholders over leases for drilling rights that had been made in the area 4 The nation celebrates North American Indian Days an annual festival held on pow wow grounds near the Museum of the Plains Indian in Browning Adjacent to the reservation s eastern edge is the city of Cut Bank Economy EditBecause of its isolated location residents of the reservation have suffered high unemployment As of May 2016 the Montana Local Area Unemployment Statistics LAUS Program Preliminary Non Seasonally Adjusted Data reports the rate is 11 0 on the reservation for comparison at the same time unemployment was 3 6 for Montana and 4 5 for the U S 9 In 2001 the BIA reported 69 percent unemployment among registered members of the tribe 10 Among those who were employed that year 26 earned less than the poverty guideline The major income source of the reservation is petroleum and natural gas leases on the oil fields on tribal lands In 1982 there were 643 producing oil wells and 47 producing gas wells The reservation also has a significant tourist industry 11 Other economic activities include ranching and a small lumber industry which supported the Blackfeet Indian Writing Company pencil factory in Browning 12 Farms located at least partially on the reservation reported a total income of 9 million in 2002 A total of 354 farms covered 1 291 180 acres 522 520 ha the majority of the reservation s land Most of these farms or ranches were family owned including the 198 farms owned by Native Americans 13 Eighty percent of the land was used for raising beef cattle which produced eighty percent of farm income Other livestock included hogs and chickens with only small numbers of dairy cattle bison horses and sheep 13 Of the 245 530 acres 99 360 ha used for growing crops only 32 158 acres 13 014 ha or 13 were irrigated Crops raised included wheat barley and hay with a smaller amount of oats 13 Members of the tribe work seasonally in wildfire firefighting a source of considerable individual income In 2000 some 1 000 Blackfeet worked as firefighters including the elite Chief Mountain Hotshots team Firefighting income brought in 6 1 million that year However this income is highly variable depending on the severity of the wildfire season On April 30 2010 the Blackfeet Tribal Business Council BTBC approved three major initiatives totaling 5 5 million The revenue was to be derived from payments for oil exploration from Newfield Production Co The BTBC approved a 200 special per capita payments for all 16 500 members initial funding for a new grocery store in Browning and more than 1 million for land acquisition within the reservation to return property to tribal control Government Edit Relationship of the National Park and the reservation The Blackfeet Nation runs the sovereign government on the reservation through its elected Tribal Business Council For many years Earl Old Person led the council 14 Old Person was also the honorary chief of the tribe 15 It provides most services including courts child welfare employment assistance wildlife management health care education land management and senior services as well as garbage collection and water systems They worked with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs to replace native police with federal officers in 2003 because of problems in the local force The reservation includes several types of land use Of the total 1 462 640 acres 591 910 ha 650 558 acres 263 271 ha are held in trust for enrolled tribal members 311 324 acres 125 988 ha are held directly by the tribe and 8 292 acres 3 356 ha are Government Reserve mostly irrigation projects and the Cut Bank Boarding School Reserve The remaining 529 826 acres 214 413 ha are Fee lands which is taxable and may be privately owned by the tribe tribe members or non tribe members The tribe leases some of its communal land for homes farms grazing and commercial uses They offer leases to tribe members prior to non members The tribe has the right of first refusal all private land offered for sale within the reservation must be offered to the tribe first If they decline to purchase it they grant a waiver permitting purchase by non Native parties Transportation EditThere are no paved north south roads in Glacier National Park Access to sites on the east side of the park is provided by U S Route 89 which runs through the reservation to the Canada US border crossing near Chief Mountain It provides access to the Canadian sister national park Waterton Lakes Both east west routes for the park travel through the reservation as does the passenger train service on Amtrak s Empire Builder Several hiking trails continue out of the park and across the reservation they require Blackfeet issued permits for use Notable people EditGordon Belcourt 1945 2013 Executive Director of the Montana Wyoming Tribal Leaders Council 16 Black Lodge Singers powwow singers and drum group Elouise P Cobell 1945 2011 tribal treasurer and founder of Blackfeet Nation Bank She identified mismanagement of trust land fees by the departments of Interior and Treasury and sought corrections in Washington In 1996 she filed a class action suit against the government in what is known as Cobell v Salazar settled by the federal government for 3 4 billion in 2009 The settlement provides for payment to potentially more than 250 000 plaintiffs repurchase of lands across the country for transfer to tribal management and a scholarship fund for Native American and Alaskan Native students Richie Havens 1941 2013 singer songwriter and guitarist Joe Hipp born 1962 professional boxer Donna Hutchinson born 1949 elected as member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Bella Vista Arkansas served from 2007 to 2013 Mountain Chief 1848 1942 Earl Old Person 1929 2021 tribal chief and political leader Steve Reevis 1962 2017 actor Geronimo An American Legend The Missing Fargo Misty Upham 1982 2014 actor 17 Stephen Graham Jones born 1972 author Rickey Medlocke born 1950 guitarist for Blackfoot and Lynyrd Skynyrd bandsSee also EditTipi ring with information about study of tipi ring sites on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation Darrell Dusty Crawford learned that he has what may be the oldest DNA native to the Americas The test revealed the origins of his Blackfeet ancestors who may have already been in the Americas about 17 000 years ago 18 References Edit Blackfeet Nation Our Government Retrieved 2019 07 24 2013 2017 American Community Survey 5 Year Estimates My Tribal Area United States Census Bureau Blackfeet Nation Constitution Blackfeet Nation Retrieved 22 July 2017 a b c d e f Renae Ditmer On Eve of Film Premier Interior Cancels Oil and Gas Leases in Blackfeet Cathedral Indian Country Today 22 November 2016 accessed 23 November 2016 Weber Samantha 2019 04 23 The Blackfeet Nation is opening its own national park High Country News Archived from the original on 2019 04 23 Retrieved 2021 11 06 a b c Rocky Mountain Front Archived 2016 03 31 at the Wayback Machine Browning Montana website Census shows growth at 4 Montana reservations helenair com Independent Record 28 March 2011 Retrieved 2 April 2011 Brown Matthew December 23 2021 Company Seeks to Restore Oil Lease on Land Sacred to Tribes U S News amp World Report Associated Press lmi mt gov gt Home lmi mt gov Retrieved 2016 07 11 Bureau of Indian Affairs Calculation of Unemployment Rates for Montana Indian Reservations February 2007 Archived from the original on May 4 2005 Retrieved 2013 04 28 Bolton Aaron June 22 2022 Blackfeet Nation Welcomes Back Tourists After Risky Shutdown Pays Off NPR org Retrieved 2021 06 23 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint url status link Blackfeet Indian Writing Co Inc www pencilpages com a b c NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE October 2004 Archived from the original on July 11 2007 Retrieved 2013 04 28 Old Person A legacy for the ages greatfallstribune com Jack McNeel 10 Things You Should Know about the Blackfeet Nation Indian Country Today 19 November 2015 accessed 24 November 2016 Devlin Vince 2013 07 17 Gordon Belcourt remembered as advocate for Indian Country Missoulian Retrieved 2013 08 10 Schmidt Rob Blackfeet Actress Misty Upham On Filming Jimmy P with Benicio Del Toro Archived 2014 10 15 at the Wayback Machine Indian Country Today Media Network 30 Sept 2013 Accessed 1 Feb 2014 This Man s DNA is the Oldest in North America Live Science 8 May 2019 References EditFarr William E The Reservation Blackfeet A Photographic History of Cultural Survival Foreword by James Welch Seattle University of Washington Press 1984 ISBN 0 295 96040 X McFee Malcolm Modern Blackfeet Montanans on a Reservation New York Holt Rinehart and Winston 1972 ISBN 0 03 085768 6External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blackfeet Nation Blackfeet Tribal Land Department Official tribe website Blackfeet Reservation and Off Reservation Trust Land Montana United States Census Bureau Singer songwriter storyteller lecturer Jack Gladstone James Willard Schultz Papers 1867 1969 University of Montana Library Coordinates 48 39 31 N 112 52 18 W 48 65861 N 112 87167 W 48 65861 112 87167 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Blackfeet Nation amp oldid 1124576914, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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