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Bikol languages

The Bikol languages or Bicolano languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken mostly in the Bicol Peninsula in the southeastern part of Luzon, the neighboring island-province of Catanduanes, and the island of Burias in Masbate.

Bikol
Geographic
distribution
Bicol Region
Linguistic classificationAustronesian
Proto-languageProto-Bikol
Subdivisions
ISO 639-2 / 5bik
ISO 639-3bik
Glottologbiko1240
Geographic extent of Bikol languages according to Ethnologue
  Bikol proper
  Bisayan languages in the Bikol region
Geographic distribution of major Bikol languages and dialects across Bicol region; classification based on Lobel (2013); Masbatenyo, Central Sorsogon, and Southern Sorsogon are Bisayan languages but heavily influenced by Bikol.
A speaker of Bicolano, recorded in the United States

Internal classification edit

Ethnologue edit

 
A poem written in a Bikol dialect.

Ethnologue groups the languages of Bikol as follows:

McFarland (1974) edit

Curtis McFarland gives the following classification for the Bikol languages.[1]

Bikol 
 North Catanduanes 
 Inland Bikol 

Iriga (Rinconada)

 Albay 

Buhi (Buhi'non)

Libon

Oas (West Miraya)

Daraga (East Miraya)

 Coastal Bikol 

Naga (Standard Bikol), Legazpi, and Partido

Virac (South Catanduanes)

San Pascual (Northern Burias Island)

Lobel (2000) edit

 
 
 
 
Clockwise from top-left: A signage barring people from hanging around the area; A signage barring vendors inside the churchyard; A signage reminding people of proper waste disposal; and a signage barring swimmers in Lake Bato. All are written in the Coastal Bikol language (Naga–Legazpi variant).

While McFarland (1974) splits Bikol into 11 dialects, Lobel (2000) splits Bikol into 12 different dialects (including Partido Bikol, which McFarland does not differentiate) and 4 main branches.[2]

  • Northern Coastal Bikol
  1. Central Standard – spoken primarily in Naga City, Cam. Sur, Tabaco & Legazpi, Albay and Sorsogon City, Sorsogon. Also recognized (and sometimes understood) in Daet, Camarines Norte and many other areas of Camarines Sur, San Pascual, Masbate on Burias Island, first and second districts of Albay, southwestern coast of Catanduanes, and northeastern Sorsogon.
    1. Daet area variant
    2. Naga City area variant
    3. Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon area variant
    4. Southwestern and northern town of San Andres and Caramoran, Catanduanes.
  2. Partido – spoken in the Camarines Sur municipalities of Ocampo, Goa, Tigaon, Lagonoy, Sagñay, and San Jose. This dialect has a mellow intonation and is heavily influenced by Rinconada Bikol.
  3. Southern Catanduanes – spoken in the southern half of Catanduanes.
    1. Virac area variant
    2. Bato area variant
    3. Baras area variant
    4. San Miguel variant (transitional to North Catanduanes)
  1. Rinconada Bikol – spoken primarily in Iriga City, Baao, Bula, Balatan, Baao and Nabua, Camarines Sur. Also in some parts of Ocampo, Buhi and Pili in Camarines Sur and in parts of Polangui, Albay.
    1. Lakeside Rinconada dialect (lacks /ə/ vowel)
    2. Highland Rinconada dialect (with /ə/ vowel)
  2. Buhinon – spoken in Buhi, Camarines Sur. Contains features from both the Bikol of Polangui, Albay and the Iriga variant of Rinconada Bikol.
  3. Libon – spoken in Libon, Albay.
  4. West Miraya – spoken in Ligao City, Polangui, Oas, and Pio Duran, Albay.
  5. East Miraya – spoken in Guinobatan, Camalig, Daraga & Jovellar, Albay and Donsol & Pilar, Sorsogon.
    1. Central (Guinobatan)
    2. Far East (Camalig, Daraga)
    3. Southeast (Jovellar, Albay, Donsol, Pilar)
  • Northern Catanduanes
  1. Pandan Bikol – spoken by about 80,000 people or the northern half of Catanduanes.
    1. Bagamanoc area variant
    2. Caramoran area variant (transitional to South Catanduanes)
    3. Gigmoto area variant (transitional to South Catanduanes)
    4. Pandan area variant
    5. Panganiban area variant
    6. Viga area variant
  1. Northern Sorsogon – spoken in Sorsogon City, Castilla, Casiguran and Juban.
    1. Castilla area variant (mixed with Bikol-Legazpi)
    2. CasiguranJuban area variant
  2. Southern Sorsogon (also known as Gubat language) – spoken in Gubat; Barcelona, Bulusan, Santa Magdalena, Matnog, Irosin, and Bulan.
  3. Masbateño – spoken in Masbate City, Mobo, Uson, Dimasalang, Palanas, Masbate, Aroroy on the island of Masbate, all of Ticao Island, and Claveria on the southern half of Burias Island.
    1. Standard Masbateño
    2. Ticao Island variant

Some dialects of Southern Bikol have the close central unrounded vowel /ɨ/ as a reflex of Proto-Austronesian . However, Proto-Austronesian is realized as /o/ in Libon. Two Bikol dialects have unique additional consonants, namely Southern Catanduanes, which has an interdental lateral consonant /l̟/ (also transcribed as l̪͆),[3][4] and Buhi-non, which has the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/.[5]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ McFarland (1974)
  2. ^ Lobel, Tria & Carpio (2000)
  3. ^ Olson, Kenneth S.; Machlan, Glenn; Amangao, Nelson (2008). "Minangali (Kalinga) Digital Wordlist: Presentation Form". Language Documentation & Conservation. 2 (1). hdl:10125/1772.
  4. ^ . Xiller Yañez's Weblog. March 17, 2012. Archived from the original on May 3, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
  5. ^ Lobel, Jason (2009). "Bikol". In Brown, K.; Ogilvie, S. (eds.). Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 158–161. ISBN 978-0-08-087775-4.

Sources edit

  • Lobel, Jason William; Tria, Wilmer Joseph S.; Carpio, Jose Maria Z. (2000). An satuyang tataramon/A Study of the Bikol Language. Naga City, Philippines: Lobel & Tria Partnership, Co.: Holy Rosary Minor Seminary.
  • McFarland, Curtis D. (1974). (PDF) (Ph.D. thesis). Yale University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-31.

External links edit

bikol, languages, this, article, about, various, dialects, bicol, region, standardized, dialect, bikol, based, canaman, variant, often, simply, known, bikol, central, bikol, language, bicolano, languages, group, central, philippine, languages, spoken, mostly, . This article is about the various dialects of the Bicol Region For the standardized dialect of Bikol based on the Canaman variant often simply known as Bikol see Central Bikol language The Bikol languages or Bicolano languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken mostly in the Bicol Peninsula in the southeastern part of Luzon the neighboring island province of Catanduanes and the island of Burias in Masbate BikolGeographicdistributionBicol RegionLinguistic classificationAustronesianMalayo PolynesianPhilippineGreater Central PhilippineCentral PhilippineBikolProto languageProto BikolSubdivisionsCoastal Bikol Inland Bikol Pandan BikolISO 639 2 5bikISO 639 3bikGlottologbiko1240Geographic extent of Bikol languages according to Ethnologue Bikol proper Bisayan languages in the Bikol regionGeographic distribution of major Bikol languages and dialects across Bicol region classification based on Lobel 2013 Masbatenyo Central Sorsogon and Southern Sorsogon are Bisayan languages but heavily influenced by Bikol source source source source source source source source A speaker of Bicolano recorded in the United States Contents 1 Internal classification 1 1 Ethnologue 1 2 McFarland 1974 1 3 Lobel 2000 2 See also 3 References 3 1 Sources 4 External linksInternal classification editEthnologue edit nbsp A poem written in a Bikol dialect Ethnologue groups the languages of Bikol as follows Coastal Bikol Northern Isarog Agta language Mount Iraya Agta language Central Bikol language ISO 639 3 bcl Canaman dialect standard Naga City dialect Partido dialect Tabaco Legazpi Sorsogon TLS dialect Daet dialect Southern Catanduanes Bikol language Inland Bikol Southern Mount Iriga Agta language Albay Bikol languages Buhinon language Libon language West Miraya language East Miraya language Rinconada Bikol language Highland Sinabukid dialect Agta variant Iriga variant standard Lakeside Sinaranew dialect Baao variant Bato variant Bula Pili variant Nabua Balatan variant Northern Catanduanes Bikol Pandan Bikol McFarland 1974 edit Curtis McFarland gives the following classification for the Bikol languages 1 Bikol North Catanduanes Pandan North Catanduanes Inland Bikol Iriga Rinconada Albay Buhi Buhi non LibonOas West Miraya Daraga East Miraya Coastal Bikol Naga Standard Bikol Legazpi and PartidoVirac South Catanduanes San Pascual Northern Burias Island Lobel 2000 edit nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Clockwise from top left A signage barring people from hanging around the area A signage barring vendors inside the churchyard A signage reminding people of proper waste disposal and a signage barring swimmers in Lake Bato All are written in the Coastal Bikol language Naga Legazpi variant While McFarland 1974 splits Bikol into 11 dialects Lobel 2000 splits Bikol into 12 different dialects including Partido Bikol which McFarland does not differentiate and 4 main branches 2 Northern Coastal BikolCentral Standard spoken primarily in Naga City Cam Sur Tabaco amp Legazpi Albay and Sorsogon City Sorsogon Also recognized and sometimes understood in Daet Camarines Norte and many other areas of Camarines Sur San Pascual Masbate on Burias Island first and second districts of Albay southwestern coast of Catanduanes and northeastern Sorsogon Daet area variant Naga City area variant Tabaco Legazpi Sorsogon area variant Southwestern and northern town of San Andres and Caramoran Catanduanes Partido spoken in the Camarines Sur municipalities of Ocampo Goa Tigaon Lagonoy Sagnay and San Jose This dialect has a mellow intonation and is heavily influenced by Rinconada Bikol Southern Catanduanes spoken in the southern half of Catanduanes Virac area variant Bato area variant Baras area variant San Miguel variant transitional to North Catanduanes Southern Coastal and Inland BikolRinconada Bikol spoken primarily in Iriga City Baao Bula Balatan Baao and Nabua Camarines Sur Also in some parts of Ocampo Buhi and Pili in Camarines Sur and in parts of Polangui Albay Lakeside Rinconada dialect lacks e vowel Highland Rinconada dialect with e vowel Buhinon spoken in Buhi Camarines Sur Contains features from both the Bikol of Polangui Albay and the Iriga variant of Rinconada Bikol Libon spoken in Libon Albay West Miraya spoken in Ligao City Polangui Oas and Pio Duran Albay East Miraya spoken in Guinobatan Camalig Daraga amp Jovellar Albay and Donsol amp Pilar Sorsogon Central Guinobatan Far East Camalig Daraga Southeast Jovellar Albay Donsol Pilar Northern CatanduanesPandan Bikol spoken by about 80 000 people or the northern half of Catanduanes Bagamanoc area variant Caramoran area variant transitional to South Catanduanes Gigmoto area variant transitional to South Catanduanes Pandan area variant Panganiban area variant Viga area variantBisakolNorthern Sorsogon spoken in Sorsogon City Castilla Casiguran and Juban Castilla area variant mixed with Bikol Legazpi Casiguran Juban area variant Southern Sorsogon also known as Gubat language spoken in Gubat Barcelona Bulusan Santa Magdalena Matnog Irosin and Bulan Masbateno spoken in Masbate City Mobo Uson Dimasalang Palanas Masbate Aroroy on the island of Masbate all of Ticao Island and Claveria on the southern half of Burias Island Standard Masbateno Ticao Island variantSome dialects of Southern Bikol have the close central unrounded vowel ɨ as a reflex of Proto Austronesian e However Proto Austronesian e is realized as o in Libon Two Bikol dialects have unique additional consonants namely Southern Catanduanes which has an interdental lateral consonant l also transcribed as l 3 4 and Buhi non which has the voiced velar fricative ɣ 5 See also editVocabulario de la lengua BicolReferences edit McFarland 1974 Lobel Tria amp Carpio 2000 Olson Kenneth S Machlan Glenn Amangao Nelson 2008 Minangali Kalinga Digital Wordlist Presentation Form Language Documentation amp Conservation 2 1 hdl 10125 1772 Interdental Lateral Xiller Yanez s Weblog March 17 2012 Archived from the original on May 3 2018 Retrieved October 30 2015 Lobel Jason 2009 Bikol In Brown K Ogilvie S eds Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World Oxford Elsevier pp 158 161 ISBN 978 0 08 087775 4 Sources edit Lobel Jason William Tria Wilmer Joseph S Carpio Jose Maria Z 2000 An satuyang tataramon A Study of the Bikol Language Naga City Philippines Lobel amp Tria Partnership Co Holy Rosary Minor Seminary McFarland Curtis D 1974 The Dialects of the Bikol Area PDF Ph D thesis Yale University Archived from the original PDF on 2020 10 31 External links edit nbsp Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Bikol Translate Bikol an online English Bikol and Bisakol languages translator A Bikol language database is available through the Kaipuleohone archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bikol languages amp oldid 1195611787, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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