The Battle of Martos was a minor battle of the Spanish Reconquista fought between Martos and Torredonjimeno in Andalusia in 1275. The battle was fought between the troops of the Kingdom of Granada and those of the Crown of Castile. The Castilian force was completely destroyed as a result of the battle.[1] There is some confusion in the dates since different authors report different dates. Zurita, for example, reports that the events described here took place between May and August;[2] the more modern authors, however, put them between September and October.[3]
The Castilian were staying in Torre del Campo when Archbishop Sancho received news from Fra' Alfonso Garcia, Commendator of Martos of the Order of Calatrava, that a Moorish force was close full of booty and Christian prisoners. He was advised by his own men to wait to be reached by the forces of Lope Diaz de Haro before attacking but the headstrong young Sancho resolved to attack immediately nonetheless.[9][10] The fight probably took place near Torredonjimeno. The outnumbered Castilians were cut to pieces and few knights succeeded to escape, most being killed or taken prisoners. The Archbishop Sancho met a very ugly death. He was taken prisoner but, being recognized as a hostage of great importance (he was the son of King James I of Aragon), Granadine and Marinids officials started to argue about whom he belonged to. In order to cut short the dispute the Granadine arraez (governor) of Málaga killed the infante, beheaded him and cut his hand with the episcopal rings. The head was given to the Marinids and the hand to the Granadines.[11]
Aftermathedit
Lope Diaz de Haro succeeded to recover the archbishop's body but did not chase the Moors. Later on Castile was relieved by the second son of King Alfonso X, infante Sancho, who came back from France and took the lead, organizing a swift defense of the southern territory.[12]Aragon attacked Granada in the south-east.[13] Sultan Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd Al-Haqq at this point went back to Magreb and a truce between Castile and Granada went into place "de facto". These events were the beginnings of the so-called Battle of the Strait between Castile and the Moroccans which lasted into the 1350s.[14]
Francisco Miguel Merino Laguna. "Fuente de Don Sancho".
Bibliographyedit
Abarca, Pedro (1682). Los Reyes de Aragón en anales históricos, Primera parte. Imprenta Imperial, Madrid.
Ladero Queisada, Miguel Ángel (1989). Granada. Historia de un país islámico. Editorial Gredos, Madrid.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Suárez Fernández, Luis (1975). Historia de España Antigua y Media (2 vols.). Ediciones Rialp, Madrid.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Zurita, Jerónimo (1562–1580). Anales de Aragón(PDF) (1ª ed.). Institución Fernando el Católico, Zaragoza, 2005.
January 01, 1970
battle, martos, part, spanish, reconquistathe, nasrid, kingdom, granadadate21, october, 1275locationtorredonjimeno, spainresultmoorish, victorybelligerentscrown, castilemarinid, sultanatekingdom, granadacommanders, leaderssancho, aragon, archbishop, toledo, ab. Battle of MartosPart of the Spanish ReconquistaThe Nasrid Kingdom of GranadaDate21 October 1275LocationTorredonjimeno SpainResultMoorish victoryBelligerentsCrown of CastileMarinid sultanateKingdom of GranadaCommanders and leadersSancho of Aragon Archbishop of Toledo Abenjor AtaliUzmenStrength Unknown Unknown Casualties and losses Very large Unknown The Battle of Martos was a minor battle of the Spanish Reconquista fought between Martos and Torredonjimeno in Andalusia in 1275 The battle was fought between the troops of the Kingdom of Granada and those of the Crown of Castile The Castilian force was completely destroyed as a result of the battle 1 There is some confusion in the dates since different authors report different dates Zurita for example reports that the events described here took place between May and August 2 the more modern authors however put them between September and October 3 Contents 1 Historical context 2 Battle 3 Aftermath 4 References 5 External links 6 BibliographyHistorical context editIn the early 1270s the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada used to pay parias to the powerful Christian Crown of Castile In 1273 King Alfonso X of Castile raised the tribute to the huge sum of 300 000 maravedis and this was deemed unacceptable by King Muhammad II of Granada who resolved to ask for help to the Marinid Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd Al Haqq 4 This one took immediately the opportunity and in summer 1275 crossed the Gibraltar strait with a large army which together with the Granadine troops attacked the Castilian territory King Alfonso X at the time was away from Spain and his son and heir infante Ferdinand was regent of the kingdom Ferdinand rushed to raise troops but unexpectedly died in Villa Real August 1275 5 The country was leaderless and the Moors had the upper hand in the south In September the adelantado mayor de Andalucia Nuno Gonzalez de Lara tried to stop them but was defeated and killed in the battle of Ecija 6 The young Archbishop of Toledo infante Sancho of Aragon put himself at the head of a force of knights from Toledo Madrid Guadalajara and Talavera and marched south to intercept the invaders 7 Another relief force was marching towards Jaen under Lope Diaz de Haro 8 Battle editThe Castilian were staying in Torre del Campo when Archbishop Sancho received news from Fra Alfonso Garcia Commendator of Martos of the Order of Calatrava that a Moorish force was close full of booty and Christian prisoners He was advised by his own men to wait to be reached by the forces of Lope Diaz de Haro before attacking but the headstrong young Sancho resolved to attack immediately nonetheless 9 10 The fight probably took place near Torredonjimeno The outnumbered Castilians were cut to pieces and few knights succeeded to escape most being killed or taken prisoners The Archbishop Sancho met a very ugly death He was taken prisoner but being recognized as a hostage of great importance he was the son of King James I of Aragon Granadine and Marinids officials started to argue about whom he belonged to In order to cut short the dispute the Granadine arraez governor of Malaga killed the infante beheaded him and cut his hand with the episcopal rings The head was given to the Marinids and the hand to the Granadines 11 Aftermath editLope Diaz de Haro succeeded to recover the archbishop s body but did not chase the Moors Later on Castile was relieved by the second son of King Alfonso X infante Sancho who came back from France and took the lead organizing a swift defense of the southern territory 12 Aragon attacked Granada in the south east 13 Sultan Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd Al Haqq at this point went back to Magreb and a truce between Castile and Granada went into place de facto These events were the beginnings of the so called Battle of the Strait between Castile and the Moroccans which lasted into the 1350s 14 References edit Zurita p 377 Zurita p 376 Suarez Fernandez Vol 2 p 174 Suarez Fernandez Vol 2 p 173 Suarez Fernandez Vol 2 p 174 Suarez Fernandez Vol 2 p 174 Zurita p 376 Zurita p 377 Abarca p 290 Zurita p 377 Abarca p 290 Suarez Fernandez Vol 2 p 175 Abarca p 291 Ladero Quesada p 137 142External links editFrancisco Miguel Merino Laguna Fuente de Don Sancho Bibliography editAbarca Pedro 1682 Los Reyes de Aragon en anales historicos Primera parte Imprenta Imperial Madrid Ladero Queisada Miguel Angel 1989 Granada Historia de un pais islamico Editorial Gredos Madrid a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Suarez Fernandez Luis 1975 Historia de Espana Antigua y Media 2 vols Ediciones Rialp Madrid a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Zurita Jeronimo 1562 1580 Anales de Aragon PDF 1ª ed Institucion Fernando el Catolico Zaragoza 2005 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Battle of Martos amp oldid 1169817573, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
