Ainkurunuru (Tamil: ஐங்குறுநூறு, Aiṅkuṟunūṟu meaning five hundred short poems[1]) is a classical Tamil poetic work and traditionally the third of the Eight Anthologies (Ettuthokai) in the Sangam literature.[2] It is divided into five groups of 100 short stanzas of 3 to 6 lines, each hundred subdivided into 10s, or pattu. The five groups are based on tinai (landscapes): riverine, sea coast, mountain, arid and pastoral.[2][3] According to Martha Selby, the love poems in Ainkurunuru are generally dated from about the late-2nd-to-3rd-century-CE (Sangam period).[3] According to Takanobu Takahashi – a Tamil literature scholar, these poems were likely composed between 300 and 350 CE based on the linguistic evidence, while Kamil Zvelebil – another Tamil literature scholar – suggests the Ainkurunuru poems were composed by 210 CE,[3] with some of the poems dated to 100 BCE.[4]
The Ainkurunuru anthology manuscript includes a colophon which states it to be a Chera (Kerala) text, rather than the more common Pandyan kingdom-based.[5] The poems in this book were written by five authors and were compiled by Kudalur Kilar at the behest of Chera King Yanaikkatcey Mantaran Ceral Irumporai.[citation needed]
This book comes under the Akam (love and emotions) category of the Sangam literature.[5] The poems of this anthology are in the Akaval meter. These poems deal with the various aspects of the courtship between the hero and the heroine. The poems are set in various landscapes (Tinai - திணை).[2]
Each poem is subdivided and formatted into pattu or tens, a style found in much of Tamil literature such as Tirukkural, Bhakti movement poetry and elsewhere. This may have been, according to Zvelebil, a Sanskrit literature (sataka style) influence on this work.[6] However, the poetry shows relatively few loan words from Sanskrit.[6] The Ainkurunuru has allusions to 17 historical events and offers some window into early Tamil society. For example, it mentions the kutumi, or the "pigtail of Brahmin boys".[6]
Sections and authors
The work is divided into five sections by different authors:[7]
Marutam - 100 poems on jealous quarrelling, by Ōrampōkiyār
Neytal - 100 poems on lamenting the lover's absence, by Ammuvaṉār
Kuṟiñci - 100 poems on union of lovers, by Kapilar
Pālai - 100 poems on separation, by Otalānraiyār
Mullai - 100 poems on patient waiting for the lover's return, by Pēyaṉār
The invocation song at the start of the anthology was written by Perunthevanaar, who translated the Mahabharatham into Tamil.[8]
Publication and commentary
The text was published by U. V. Swaminatha Aiyar, along with a detailed commentary. A short commentary on Ainkurunuru anthology was published in the medieval anonymously.[2]
^ abcSelby, Martha Ann. Tamil Love Poetry: The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunūṟu, an Early Third-Century Anthology. Columbia University Press, 2011. ISBN9780231150651. pp. 1-6
^Zvelebil, Kamil (1973). The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India. BRILL. ISBN978-90-04-03591-1.
^ abEva Maria Wilden (2014). Manuscript, Print and Memory: Relics of the Cankam in Tamilnadu. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 12 with footnote 26. ISBN978-3-11-035276-4.
^Selby, Martha Ann. Tamil Love Poetry: The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunūṟu, an Early Third-Century Anthology. Columbia University Press, 2011. ISBN9780231150651. p. vii
^ abSelby, Martha Ann. Tamil Love Poetry: The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunūṟu, an Early Third-Century Anthology. Columbia University Press, 2011. ISBN9780231150651. pp 105-106
References
Mudaliyar, Singaravelu A., Apithana Cintamani, An encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature, (1931) - Reprinted by Asian Educational Services, New Delhi (1983)
Kamil Zvelebil (1973). The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India. BRILL. ISBN90-04-03591-5.
Kowmareeshwari (Ed.), S. (August 2012). Nattrinai, Ainkurunuru. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in Tamil). Vol. 1 (1 ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam.
External links
, Project Madurai
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Original text in tamil language
January 06, 2023
ainkurunuru, topics, sangam, literaturesangam, literatureagattiyam, tolkāppiyameighteen, greater, textseight, anthologiesaiṅkurunūṟu, akanāṉūṟupuṟanāṉūṟu, kalittokaikuṟuntokai, natṟiṇaiparipāṭal, patiṟṟuppattuten, idyllstirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai, kuṟiñcippāṭṭumalaip. Topics in Sangam literatureSangam literatureAgattiyam TolkappiyamEighteen Greater TextsEight AnthologiesAiṅkurunuṟu AkanaṉuṟuPuṟanaṉuṟu KalittokaiKuṟuntokai NatṟiṇaiParipaṭal PatiṟṟuppattuTen IdyllsTirumurukaṟṟuppaṭai KuṟincippaṭṭuMalaipaṭukaṭam MaturaikkanciMullaippaṭṭu NeṭunalvaṭaiPaṭṭiṉappalai PerumpaṇaṟṟuppaṭaiPoruṇaraṟṟuppaṭai CiṟupaṇaṟṟuppaṭaiRelated topicsSangam Sangam landscapeTamil history from Sangam literature Ancient Tamil musicEighteen Lesser TextsNalaṭiyar NaṉmaṇikkaṭikaiIṉṉa Naṟpatu Iṉiyavai NaṟpatuKar Naṟpatu Kaḷavaḻi NaṟpatuAintiṇai Aimpatu Tiṉaimoḻi AimpatuAintinai Eḻupatu Tiṇaimalai NuṟṟaimpatuTirukkuṟaḷ TirikaṭukamAcarakkōvai Paḻamoḻi NaṉuṟuCiṟupancamulam MutumoḻikkanciElati KainnilaieditAinkurunuru Tamil ஐங க ற ந ற Aiṅkuṟunuṟu meaning five hundred short poems 1 is a classical Tamil poetic work and traditionally the third of the Eight Anthologies Ettuthokai in the Sangam literature 2 It is divided into five groups of 100 short stanzas of 3 to 6 lines each hundred subdivided into 10s or pattu The five groups are based on tinai landscapes riverine sea coast mountain arid and pastoral 2 3 According to Martha Selby the love poems in Ainkurunuru are generally dated from about the late 2nd to 3rd century CE Sangam period 3 According to Takanobu Takahashi a Tamil literature scholar these poems were likely composed between 300 and 350 CE based on the linguistic evidence while Kamil Zvelebil another Tamil literature scholar suggests the Ainkurunuru poems were composed by 210 CE 3 with some of the poems dated to 100 BCE 4 The Ainkurunuru anthology manuscript includes a colophon which states it to be a Chera Kerala text rather than the more common Pandyan kingdom based 5 The poems in this book were written by five authors and were compiled by Kudalur Kilar at the behest of Chera King Yanaikkatcey Mantaran Ceral Irumporai citation needed Contents 1 Style and contents 2 Sections and authors 3 Publication and commentary 4 Example 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksStyle and contents EditThis book comes under the Akam love and emotions category of the Sangam literature 5 The poems of this anthology are in the Akaval meter These poems deal with the various aspects of the courtship between the hero and the heroine The poems are set in various landscapes Tinai த ண 2 Each poem is subdivided and formatted into pattu or tens a style found in much of Tamil literature such as Tirukkural Bhakti movement poetry and elsewhere This may have been according to Zvelebil a Sanskrit literature sataka style influence on this work 6 However the poetry shows relatively few loan words from Sanskrit 6 The Ainkurunuru has allusions to 17 historical events and offers some window into early Tamil society For example it mentions the kutumi or the pigtail of Brahmin boys 6 Sections and authors EditThe work is divided into five sections by different authors 7 Marutam 100 poems on jealous quarrelling by Ōrampōkiyar Neytal 100 poems on lamenting the lover s absence by Ammuvaṉar Kuṟinci 100 poems on union of lovers by Kapilar Palai 100 poems on separation by Otalanraiyar Mullai 100 poems on patient waiting for the lover s return by PeyaṉarThe invocation song at the start of the anthology was written by Perunthevanaar who translated the Mahabharatham into Tamil 8 Publication and commentary EditThe text was published by U V Swaminatha Aiyar along with a detailed commentary A short commentary on Ainkurunuru anthology was published in the medieval anonymously 2 Example EditPoem 255 9 Original க ன றக க றவன க தல மடமகள வர யர மகள ர ப ப ர ய ஞ ச யலள ஐயள அர ம ப ய ம ல யள ச ய ய வ ய னள ம ர ப னள ச ணங க Transliteration Kuṉṟak kuṟavaṉ katal maṭamakaḷ Varaiyara makaḷirp puraiyun cayalaḷ Aiyaḷ arumpiya mulaiyaḷ Ceyya vayiṉaḷ marpiṉaḷ cuṇaṅkeTranslation The loving young daughter of the hill man is as beautiful as a mountain goddess She is gorgeous with her sprouting breasts her reddened lips and her mottled chest Translator Martha Ann Selby 9 See also EditEight Anthologies Eighteen Greater Texts Sangam literatureNotes Edit Hart George L 1979 Poets of the Tamil Anthologies Ancient Poems of Love and War a b c d Kamil Zvelebil 1973 pp 50 51 a b c Selby Martha Ann Tamil Love Poetry The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunuṟu an Early Third Century Anthology Columbia University Press 2011 ISBN 9780231150651 pp 1 6 Zvelebil Kamil 1973 The Smile of Murugan On Tamil Literature of South India BRILL ISBN 978 90 04 03591 1 a b Eva Maria Wilden 2014 Manuscript Print and Memory Relics of the Cankam in Tamilnadu Walter de Gruyter pp 12 with footnote 26 ISBN 978 3 11 035276 4 a b c Kamil Zvelebil 1973 pp 50 51 with footnote 1 Selby Martha Ann Tamil Love Poetry The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunuṟu an Early Third Century Anthology Columbia University Press 2011 ISBN 9780231150651 p vii Kowmareeshwari 2012 p 1 a b Selby Martha Ann Tamil Love Poetry The Five Hundred Short Poems of the Aiṅkuṟunuṟu an Early Third Century Anthology Columbia University Press 2011 ISBN 9780231150651 pp 105 106References EditMudaliyar Singaravelu A Apithana Cintamani An encyclopaedia of Tamil Literature 1931 Reprinted by Asian Educational Services New Delhi 1983 Kamil Zvelebil 1973 The Smile of Murugan On Tamil Literature of South India BRILL ISBN 90 04 03591 5 Kowmareeshwari Ed S August 2012 Nattrinai Ainkurunuru Sanga Ilakkiyam in Tamil Vol 1 1 ed Chennai Saradha Pathippagam External links EditAingurunuru of kudalur kizhar Project Madurai Wikisource has original text related to this article Original text in tamil language Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ainkurunuru amp oldid 1083208102, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
