ʿAbd al-Razzāq b. ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī (c. Dhu al-Qi'dah 528 AH – 6 Shawwal 603 AH/9 September 1134 – 7 May 1207),[3] also known as Abū Bakr al-Jīlī or ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Jīlānī (often simplified as Abdul-Razzaq Gilani) for short, or reverentially as Shaykh ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Jīlānī by Sunni Muslims, was a PersianSunni MuslimHanbalitheologian, jurist, traditionalist and Sufi mystic based in Baghdad. [4] He received his initial training in the traditional Islamic sciences from his father, Abdul-Qadir Gilani (d. 1166), the founder of the Qadiriyyaorder of Sunni mysticism, prior to setting out "on his own to attend the lectures of other prominent Hanbali scholars" in his region. [5] He is sometimes given the Arabic honorary epithet Tāj al-Dīn (Crown of the Religion) in Sunni tradition, due to his reputation as a mystic of the Hanbali school.[5]
His full name is, Sultan-ul-Faqr IV Abu Bakr Taj-ud-Din Shaikh Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani, the word Syed denotes his descent from Muhammad.[11] The name Taj-ud-Din describes him as a "crown of religion" as he was the Mufti of Iraq.[12] The phrase, al-Jilani refers to Gilan, the place of his father's birth and he carried the family name.[13][14] However, Abdul Razzaq also carried the epithet, Sultan ul Faqr IV, referring to his spiritual status.[15] His patronymic is Abu Bakr although rarely included as part of his name.[16]
Life
He received religious and spiritual education directly from his father. He gained knowledge of hadith and Fiqh from his father, muhaddiths and a learned group of scholars. Being a Mufti of Iraq and due to his excellence as a jurist and scholar, he received the title of ‘Taj-ud-Din’ which literally means ‘the crown of religion’.[17] He was known for his abstinence and renunciation spending most of his time in prayers and dhikr. He only met people to preach, turning many devotees into notable scholars and mystics.
Hafiz Imad-ud-Din Ibn-e-Kathir wrote: "Hazrat Abdul Razzaq was a perfectly accomplished mystic, ascetic and pious person. No one among the children of Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jillani was more learned and accomplished than he. He rejected worldly riches, status and high posts. He was least interested in worldly pleasures and always looked forward to the hereafter. He listened and learnt Hadith from many scholars and many people learnt Hadith from him".[18]
The Incident of Celestial Beings
One day Shaikh Abdul Razzaq was present in the assembly of his father. Some mysterious and invisible beings were flying across the sky. When he feared what he saw, but Abdul Qadir Gilani told him not to worry as he was one of them. Hazrat Abu Zura'a Zahir Bin Al-Muqqadas Al-Dari was reported to have said:[19]
“Today, a few such people are also present here who live across the mountain of Qa'f Qudas, their foot steps are in the air, their cloaks and the crowns of love of Allah on their heads are burning due to the extreme fire of Divine passion." Shaikh Abdul Razzaq was sitting close to the chair of Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani, listening to his words, he lifted his head and gazed at the sky. In a moment his cloak and turban started burning and he fainted. Abdul Qadir Gilani rose up and put the fire out with his hands saying "Oh Abdul Razzaq you are also one of them". Abu Zura'a says that "after the sermon I asked Shaikh Abdul Razzaq about the incident. He explained that when he gazed at the sky he saw some celestial spiritual people in the air whose cloaks and turbans were blazing with the extreme fire of Divine passion and they were circling and dancing in the air, they were thundering like clouds with the ache of Divine love. Seeing them he also felt the same".
Baha' al-Din Naqshband's mother Arifa descended from Abdul Razzaq in a matrilineal line. Through his mother Bahauddin was influenced by his ancestor´s teachings, which is the reason why Bahauddin´s descendants today, the Hazrat Ishaans, claim to lead the Qadiri Sufi Order as spiritual successors of Abdul Razzaq Gillani through their patriarch Bahauddin.[22][23][24]
Spiritual Sufi Order
The founder of the Qadiriyya, Abdul Qadir Gilani, was a respected scholar and preacher.[25] Having been a pupil at the school (madrasa) of Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi he became the leader of this school after Makhzoomi's death in 1119. Being the new sheikh, he and his large family lived comfortably in the madrasa until his death in 1166, when his son, Abdul Razzaq, succeeded his father as the sheikh. The Qadiriyya flourished and remained an influential Sunni institution. By the end of the fifteenth century the Qadiriyya had distinct branches and had spread to present-day Morocco, Spain, Turkey, India, Ethiopia, Somalia and Mali.
On the Indian subcontinent, Sultan Bahoo spread the Qadiriyya order. His method of spreading the teachings of the Sufi doctrine of Faqr was through his Punjabi couplets and through his more than written works. He used the method of Dhikr and stressed that the way to reach Divinity was not through asceticism or excessive or lengthy prayers but through selfless love carved out of annihilation in Allah called Divine Love.[citation needed]
Spiritual Lineage
The saintly lineage of Faqr reached Syed Abdul Razzaq Gilani in the following order:[26]
Shaikh Abdul Razzaq Gilani led the Qadiriyya order after his father and Shaikh Abdul Razzaq Gilani granted khilafat of Faqr to his grandson Abdul Jabbar Gilani.[15]
Death and Shrine
The factual accuracy of part of this article is disputed. The dispute is about Abd al-Razzaq's death date, which is given here variously as 6 Shawwal 603 AH, 7 Shawal 613 AH and 595 AH. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced. See the relevant discussion on the talk page.(December 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
His death date is mostly noted to be 6 Shawwal 603 AH. His shrine is besides the shrine of Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal near Baab-e-Harm in Baghdad. Few visitors and devotees are able to pay their regards due to the flow of river Tigris. He died on a Saturday, the 7 Shawwal 613 AH (some books mentioned 595 H, 1198 A.D) in Baghdad. A large crowd attended his funeral prayers, which were held also in many other places in Baghdad.[27][28]
Works
The following book is found to be Shaikh Abdul Razzaq’s work:
^Juan Eduardo Campo, Encyclopedia of Islam, p. 288. ISBN1438126964
^The works of Shaykh Umar Eli of Somalia of al-Tariqat al-Qadiriyyah.
^W. Braune, Abd al-Kadir al-Djilani, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R Gibb, J.H.Kramers, E. Levi-Provencal, J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 69.
^ abOhlander, Erik S., “ʿAbd al-Razzāq b. ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, Edited by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson.
^Ohlander, Erik S. (2010). "ʿAbd al-Razzāq b. ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE. Brill. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
^Muslim communities of grace: the Sufi brotherhoods in Islamic religious life pg 94, Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. Columbia University Press. (2007). ISBN978-0-231-14330-1.
^ Taj-ud-Din, The Mufti of Iraq. Archived from the original on 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^Encyclopaedia of religion and ethics: volume 1. (A – Art). Part 1. (A – Algonquins) pg 10. Hastings, James and Selbie, John A. Adamant Media corporation. (2001), "and he was probably of Persian origin."
^The Sufi orders in Islam, 2nd edition, pg 32. Triingham, J. Spencer and Voll, John O. Oxford University Press US, (1998), "The Hanafi Qadirriya is also included since 'Abd al-Qadir, of Persian origin was contemporary of the other two."
^ abAbdul Razzaq Al-Kailani. Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jilani. PT Mizan Publications. p. 119. ISBN978-6-028-23638-6.
^Prince, Darashikoh. Safina tul Auliya (1986 ed.). Pakistan: Nafees Academy Karachi.
^ Taj-ud-Din, The Mufti of Iraq. Archived from the original on 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^"Book - bahjat ul asrar - Nafeislam.Com | Islam | Quran | Tafseer | Fatwa | Books | Audio | Video | Muslim | Sunni - Nafseislam.Com". books.nafseislam.com.
^The Sultan of the Saints: Mystical Life and Teaching of Shaikh Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani, pg 244, Riyāz Qādrī, Muhammad. Abassi publications, University of Michigan (2000), “My sermon is for the hidden men in whose hearts fire of love is raging.”
^Khair ud Din, Syed (2004). تحفۃ القادریہ سوانح عمری سیدنا شیخ عبدالقادر جیلانی [Tohfa-tul-Qadria] (in Urdu). Translated by Fazal ud Din, Malik. Lahore: Qadri Rizwi Kutub Khana.
^ Book, Tuhfat-ul-Qaderia. . Archived from the original on 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
^Tazkare Khwanadane Hazrat Eshan(genealogy of the family of Hazrat Eshan)(by author and investigator:Muhammad Yasin Qasvari Naqshbandi company:Edara Talimat Naqshbandiyya Lahore)
^Khatme Ziarate Sharife hazrat eshan Bukhari(written and investigated by Mian Ahmad Bader Akhlaq(BSC)) printed the second time in 1988 Writer and inspector Mian Muhammad Hasan Akhlaq(M.Km) 1988 company: Koperatis Lahorin
^Prince Sayyid Raphael Dakik in Dastoor Jalwah, Book Baath Sayadat, chapter The Qadiriyya Sufi Order
^Omer Tarin, Hazrat Ghaus e Azam Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani sahib, RA: Aqeedat o Salam, Urdu monograph, Lahore, 1996
^Sult̤ān Bāhū (1998). Death Before Dying: The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu. University of California Press. ISBN978-0-520-92046-0.
^ . Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-10-07.
^Ilmi Encyclopedia of General Knowledge, pg 427. Zāhid Ḥusain Anjum, Ilmi Kitab Khana, original from the University of Virginia, " Abdur Razzaq Gilani Syed, Hazrat ( —978 A.H.). He was the son of Hazrat Abdul Qadir Jilani Sani, his Mazar is situated in Uch Sharif. Abdur Razzaq Qadiri Shah, ...."
^Jilani, Shaikh Syed Abdul Razzaq (2000). Jala-ul-Khawatir. Maktaba Nabaviyya, Lahore.
abdul, razzaq, gilani, ʿabd, razzāq, ʿabd, qādir, jīlānī, shawwal, september, 1134, 1207, also, known, abū, bakr, jīlī, ʿabd, razzāq, jīlānī, often, simplified, abdul, razzaq, gilani, short, reverentially, shaykh, ʿabd, razzāq, jīlānī, sunni, muslims, persian,. ʿAbd al Razzaq b ʿAbd al Qadir al Jilani c Dhu al Qi dah 528 AH 6 Shawwal 603 AH 9 September 1134 7 May 1207 3 also known as Abu Bakr al Jili or ʿAbd al Razzaq al Jilani often simplified as Abdul Razzaq Gilani for short or reverentially as Shaykh ʿAbd al Razzaq al Jilani by Sunni Muslims was a Persian Sunni Muslim Hanbali theologian jurist traditionalist and Sufi mystic based in Baghdad 4 He received his initial training in the traditional Islamic sciences from his father Abdul Qadir Gilani d 1166 the founder of the Qadiriyya order of Sunni mysticism prior to setting out on his own to attend the lectures of other prominent Hanbali scholars in his region 5 He is sometimes given the Arabic honorary epithet Taj al Din Crown of the Religion in Sunni tradition due to his reputation as a mystic of the Hanbali school 5 Abdul Razzaq GilaniFull nameAbdul Razzaq GilaniBorn18 Zil Qa dah 528 AH 9 September 1134 FiqhHanbali 1 2 BirthplaceBaghdad IraqDied6 Shawwal 603 AH 7 May 1207 Place of BurialTomb of Ahmad ibn Hanbal Baghdad IraqFatherAbdul Qadir GilaniSon s Abu Saleh Gilani Abu l Qasim Abdul Rahim Gilani Abu Muhammad Isma il Gilani Abu Mohasin Fazal e Allah Gilani Jamal Allah Gilani Abdul Aziz Saiduddin GilaniKhalifaAbdul Jabbar GilaniOther TitlesSheikh Leader Abdur Razzaq Servant of the All Provider Al Jilani One Who Is from Gilan Taj ud Din Crown of the Religion Abu Bakr Father of Bakr Sultan ul Faqr IV The Fourth of the Seven Sacred Souls Contents 1 Family 2 Name 3 Life 3 1 The Incident of Celestial Beings 4 Descendants 4 1 Bahauddin Naqshband 5 Spiritual Sufi Order 5 1 Spiritual Lineage 6 Death and Shrine 7 Works 8 References 9 Further readingFamily EditAbdul Razzaq Gilani was born on 9 September 1134 18 Dhu al Qadah 528 AH in Baghdad 6 His father Abdul Qadir Gilani 7 was regarded as a Hasani and Husayni Sayyid i e his maternal and paternal ancestry included Hasan and Husayn ibn Ali the sons of Ali cousin of Muhammad and Fatimah Muhammad s daughter 8 9 10 Name EditHis full name is Sultan ul Faqr IV Abu Bakr Taj ud Din Shaikh Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani the word Syed denotes his descent from Muhammad 11 The name Taj ud Din describes him as a crown of religion as he was the Mufti of Iraq 12 The phrase al Jilani refers to Gilan the place of his father s birth and he carried the family name 13 14 However Abdul Razzaq also carried the epithet Sultan ul Faqr IV referring to his spiritual status 15 His patronymic is Abu Bakr although rarely included as part of his name 16 Life EditHe received religious and spiritual education directly from his father He gained knowledge of hadith and Fiqh from his father muhaddiths and a learned group of scholars Being a Mufti of Iraq and due to his excellence as a jurist and scholar he received the title of Taj ud Din which literally means the crown of religion 17 He was known for his abstinence and renunciation spending most of his time in prayers and dhikr He only met people to preach turning many devotees into notable scholars and mystics Hafiz Imad ud Din Ibn e Kathir wrote Hazrat Abdul Razzaq was a perfectly accomplished mystic ascetic and pious person No one among the children of Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jillani was more learned and accomplished than he He rejected worldly riches status and high posts He was least interested in worldly pleasures and always looked forward to the hereafter He listened and learnt Hadith from many scholars and many people learnt Hadith from him 18 The Incident of Celestial Beings Edit One day Shaikh Abdul Razzaq was present in the assembly of his father Some mysterious and invisible beings were flying across the sky When he feared what he saw but Abdul Qadir Gilani told him not to worry as he was one of them Hazrat Abu Zura a Zahir Bin Al Muqqadas Al Dari was reported to have said 19 Today a few such people are also present here who live across the mountain of Qa f Qudas their foot steps are in the air their cloaks and the crowns of love of Allah on their heads are burning due to the extreme fire of Divine passion Shaikh Abdul Razzaq was sitting close to the chair of Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani listening to his words he lifted his head and gazed at the sky In a moment his cloak and turban started burning and he fainted Abdul Qadir Gilani rose up and put the fire out with his hands saying Oh Abdul Razzaq you are also one of them Abu Zura a says that after the sermon I asked Shaikh Abdul Razzaq about the incident He explained that when he gazed at the sky he saw some celestial spiritual people in the air whose cloaks and turbans were blazing with the extreme fire of Divine passion and they were circling and dancing in the air they were thundering like clouds with the ache of Divine love Seeing them he also felt the same Descendants EditSyed Khair ud Din noted that Abdul Razzaq Gillani had five sons 20 Syed Imaad ud deen Abu Saleh Abdullah Nasr Jilani Syed Abul Qasim Abdul Raheem Jilani Syed Abu Muhammad Ismaeel Jilani Syed Abu Mohsin Fazlullah Jilani Syed Jamalullah Jilani famous as Hayat Al Meer Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani is the ancestor of the Jilanis of Afghanistan Sindh Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Kashmir and in some other parts of India 21 Bahauddin Naqshband Edit Baha al Din Naqshband s mother Arifa descended from Abdul Razzaq in a matrilineal line Through his mother Bahauddin was influenced by his ancestor s teachings which is the reason why Bahauddin s descendants today the Hazrat Ishaans claim to lead the Qadiri Sufi Order as spiritual successors of Abdul Razzaq Gillani through their patriarch Bahauddin 22 23 24 Spiritual Sufi Order EditThe founder of the Qadiriyya Abdul Qadir Gilani was a respected scholar and preacher 25 Having been a pupil at the school madrasa of Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi he became the leader of this school after Makhzoomi s death in 1119 Being the new sheikh he and his large family lived comfortably in the madrasa until his death in 1166 when his son Abdul Razzaq succeeded his father as the sheikh The Qadiriyya flourished and remained an influential Sunni institution By the end of the fifteenth century the Qadiriyya had distinct branches and had spread to present day Morocco Spain Turkey India Ethiopia Somalia and Mali On the Indian subcontinent Sultan Bahoo spread the Qadiriyya order His method of spreading the teachings of the Sufi doctrine of Faqr was through his Punjabi couplets and through his more than written works He used the method of Dhikr and stressed that the way to reach Divinity was not through asceticism or excessive or lengthy prayers but through selfless love carved out of annihilation in Allah called Divine Love citation needed Spiritual Lineage Edit The saintly lineage of Faqr reached Syed Abdul Razzaq Gilani in the following order 26 Muhammad Ali bin Abi Ṭalib al Ḥasan al Baṣri Habib al Ajami Dawud Tai Maruf Karkhi Sirri Saqti Junaid Baghdadi Abu Bakr Shibli Abdul Aziz bin Hars bin Asad Yemeni Tamimi Abu Al Fazal Abdul Wahid Yemeni Tamimi Mohammad Yousuf Abu al Farah Tartusi Abu al Hassan Ali Bin Mohammad Qureshi Hankari Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi Shaikh Abdul Qadir Gilani Shaikh Abdul Razzaq GilaniShaikh Abdul Razzaq Gilani led the Qadiriyya order after his father and Shaikh Abdul Razzaq Gilani granted khilafat of Faqr to his grandson Abdul Jabbar Gilani 15 Death and Shrine EditThe factual accuracy of part of this article is disputed The dispute is about Abd al Razzaq s death date which is given here variously as 6 Shawwal 603 AH 7 Shawal 613 AH and 595 AH Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced See the relevant discussion on the talk page December 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message His death date is mostly noted to be 6 Shawwal 603 AH His shrine is besides the shrine of Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal near Baab e Harm in Baghdad Few visitors and devotees are able to pay their regards due to the flow of river Tigris He died on a Saturday the 7 Shawwal 613 AH some books mentioned 595 H 1198 A D in Baghdad A large crowd attended his funeral prayers which were held also in many other places in Baghdad 27 28 Works EditThe following book is found to be Shaikh Abdul Razzaq s work Jala ul Khawatir The Removal of Cares 29 References Edit John Renard The A to Z of Sufism p 142 ISBN 081086343X Juan Eduardo Campo Encyclopedia of Islam p 288 ISBN 1438126964 The works of Shaykh Umar Eli of Somalia of al Tariqat al Qadiriyyah W Braune Abd al Kadir al Djilani The Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol I ed H A R Gibb J H Kramers E Levi Provencal J Schacht Brill 1986 69 a b Ohlander Erik S ʿAbd al Razzaq b ʿAbd al Qadir al Jilani in Encyclopaedia of Islam THREE Edited by Kate Fleet Gudrun Kramer Denis Matringe John Nawas Everett Rowson Ohlander Erik S 2010 ʿAbd al Razzaq b ʿAbd al Qadir al Jilani In Kate Fleet Gudrun Kramer Denis Matringe John Nawas Everett Rowson eds Encyclopaedia of Islam THREE Brill Retrieved 10 December 2015 Abd al Qadir al Jilani Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol I A Ak Bayes 15th ed Chicago Illinois Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc 2010 pp 16 ISBN 978 1 59339 837 8 Biographical encyclopaedia of sufis central asia and middle east pg 123 Vol 2 Hanif N Sarup and Sons 2002 ISBN 81 7625 266 2 9788176252669 The Election of Caliph Khalifah and World Peace pg 176 Mowla Khondakar G 1998 R F Burton Arabian Nights Vol 5 Chapter 61 Footnote 466 Muslim communities of grace the Sufi brotherhoods in Islamic religious life pg 94 Abun Nasr Jamil M Columbia University Press 2007 ISBN 978 0 231 14330 1 Taj ud Din The Mufti of Iraq title was Taj ud Deen He was born on 18th of Zil Qaadah 528 A H He was a great Saint and appointed as Mufti of Iraq Archived from the original on 2015 12 10 Retrieved 2019 03 02 Encyclopaedia of religion and ethics volume 1 A Art Part 1 A Algonquins pg 10 Hastings James and Selbie John A Adamant Media corporation 2001 and he was probably of Persian origin The Sufi orders in Islam 2nd edition pg 32 Triingham J Spencer and Voll John O Oxford University Press US 1998 The Hanafi Qadirriya is also included since Abd al Qadir of Persian origin was contemporary of the other two a b Abdul Razzaq Al Kailani Shaikh Abdul Qadir Jilani PT Mizan Publications p 119 ISBN 978 6 028 23638 6 Prince Darashikoh Safina tul Auliya 1986 ed Pakistan Nafees Academy Karachi Taj ud Din The Mufti of Iraq title was Taj ud Deen He was a great Saint and appointed as Mufti of Iraq Archived from the original on 2015 12 10 Retrieved 2019 03 02 Book bahjat ul asrar Nafeislam Com Islam Quran Tafseer Fatwa Books Audio Video Muslim Sunni Nafseislam Com books nafseislam com The Sultan of the Saints Mystical Life and Teaching of Shaikh Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani pg 244 Riyaz Qadri Muhammad Abassi publications University of Michigan 2000 My sermon is for the hidden men in whose hearts fire of love is raging Khair ud Din Syed 2004 تحفۃ القادریہ سوانح عمری سیدنا شیخ عبدالقادر جیلانی Tohfa tul Qadria in Urdu Translated by Fazal ud Din Malik Lahore Qadri Rizwi Kutub Khana Book Tuhfat ul Qaderia Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani was the father of five sons Archived from the original on 2015 12 10 Retrieved 2019 03 02 Tazkare Khwanadane Hazrat Eshan genealogy of the family of Hazrat Eshan by author and investigator Muhammad Yasin Qasvari Naqshbandi company Edara Talimat Naqshbandiyya Lahore Khatme Ziarate Sharife hazrat eshan Bukhari written and investigated by Mian Ahmad Bader Akhlaq BSC printed the second time in 1988 Writer and inspector Mian Muhammad Hasan Akhlaq M Km 1988 company Koperatis Lahorin Prince Sayyid Raphael Dakik in Dastoor Jalwah Book Baath Sayadat chapter The Qadiriyya Sufi Order Omer Tarin Hazrat Ghaus e Azam Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani sahib RA Aqeedat o Salam Urdu monograph Lahore 1996 Sult an Bahu 1998 Death Before Dying The Sufi Poems of Sultan Bahu University of California Press ISBN 978 0 520 92046 0 Shrine of Syed Abdul Razzaq Jilani Archived from the original on 2015 12 22 Retrieved 2015 10 07 Ilmi Encyclopedia of General Knowledge pg 427 Zahid Ḥusain Anjum Ilmi Kitab Khana original from the University of Virginia Abdur Razzaq Gilani Syed Hazrat 978 A H He was the son of Hazrat Abdul Qadir Jilani Sani his Mazar is situated in Uch Sharif Abdur Razzaq Qadiri Shah Jilani Shaikh Syed Abdul Razzaq 2000 Jala ul Khawatir Maktaba Nabaviyya Lahore Further reading EditAjahn Brahm Mindfulness Bliss and Beyond ISBN 978 0 86171 275 5 Alexander Berzin What is meditation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abdul Razzaq Gilani amp oldid 1150222118, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
