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2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes

January 24, 2023

A series of sporadic border clashes resumed between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 27 January 2022, following a series of clashes in 2021 between the two countries. These events took place before and during Russia's invasion of Ukraine that began a month before the second clashes.[7]

2022 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes
Part of the post-Soviet conflicts

Map showing areas where clashes broke out within Kyrgyzstan
Date27 January 2022
10 March 2022
3 June 2022
14 June 2022
14–20 September 2022
Location
Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border
Status Status-quo
Belligerents
 Tajikistan  Kyrgyzstan
Commanders and leaders
Units involved
Casualties and losses
83 killed (per Tajikistan)[1][2]
200+ killed, 400+ injured (per Kyrgyzstan)[3]
83 killed (per RFE/RL)[4]		 63 killed[5][6]
139 wounded
136,000 evacuated

Kyrgyzstan officials said that the clashes escalated on 14 September 2022, with Tajik forces using tanks, APCs, and mortars to enter at least one Kyrgyz village and shelling the airport of the Kyrgyz town of Batken and adjacent areas.[8] Both nations blamed each other for the fighting.[9] The border conflict continued for two days, after which the parties were able to agree to a ceasefire on the night of 16 September 2022,[10] which only held for about a day.[11][12]

Kyrgyzstan's President Sadyr Japarov said in a televised address that his country would continue efforts to resolve the Kyrgyz–Tajik border issues in a purely peaceful way.[13] Tajikistan's foreign ministry stated that the key to resolving the conflict lay in negotiations, and it reiterated its position that Kyrgyzstan had instigated the fighting.[14] Russian news agencies reported that both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have agreed to pull out additional military hardware and forces from the border, citing a statement from the head of the Sughd Region of Tajikistan.[13] On 20 September 2022, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan signed a peace deal.[15]

Background

Historical context

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.[16] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.[17] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)[18] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),[19] and are theoretically allied to each other.

Previous clashes

Main article: 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes

A border conflict started between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021.[20] The events surrounding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries,[21][22] near the Vorukh enclave.[23] Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced.[24]

On 3 May 2021, both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border,[25] and on 18 May 2021, officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border.[26] Apart from a small-scale incident on 9 July 2021,[27] the ceasefire held until January 2022.

Timeline

Sporadic clashes

On 27 January 2022, clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more.[28] Tajikistan's State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured, six of them servicemen, the rest civilians. On the other side, Kyrgyzstan's Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries. Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes.[28]

On 10 March, an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border, in the area of Teskey, Batken District, killed a Tajik border guard. Following the incident, officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks.[29][30]

According to Tajik sources, a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border close to Vorukh.[31] Two weeks later, on 14 June, a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops.[32]

Escalation

On 14 September, one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area.[33] Later the same day, two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded, five of whom were civilians.[34]

On 16 September, the conflict escalated. The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported, as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken, Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons. Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village. At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan, while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara, and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured.[8][35]

Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached but have repeatedly been broken.[8] Coincidentally, the leaders of both countries were attending the 2022 SCO summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, where they met and discussed the conflict.[36] The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation.[37] More than 136,000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan.[38] Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque.[39] Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region.[40]

Houses and civilian structures, including markets and schools, in the village of Ak-Sai in Kyrgyzstan were reported to have been intentionally burned and looted. Kyrgyzstan authorities said that 137,000 people had been evacuated to the Batken and Osh regions.[41]

Analysis

The Diplomat called the conflict an act of aggression by Tajikistan. It said that the attack could be related to speculation that Tajik President Emomali Rahmon plans to hand over his position to his son Rustam Emomali, who is currently the Chairman of the National Assembly of Tajikistan. It also theorized that President Rahmon might wish to pull the attention of domestic and international audiences away from protests in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region by the Pamiris.[42]

International reactions

Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran's assistance in mediation.[43]

Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, urging them to reach a peace agreement.[44] Russia has military bases in both countries.[45]

The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement hoping that the tension ends quickly without further escalation and that the disputes are settled peacefully through dialogue.[46] Mustafa Şentop, the Speaker of Turkish Parliament, spoke on the phone with his Kyrgyz and Tajik counterparts, stating that "consultations between us as brothers are important in these days" and that "calm and common sense" are needed to solve the problems.[47]

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a "dialogue for a lasting ceasefire" between the combatants.[48]

See also

References

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January 24, 2023
2022, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, clashes, series, sporadic, border, clashes, resumed, between, kyrgyzstan, tajikistan, january, 2022, following, series, clashes, 2021, between, countries, these, events, took, place, before, during, russia, invasion, ukraine, that. A series of sporadic border clashes resumed between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 27 January 2022 following a series of clashes in 2021 between the two countries These events took place before and during Russia s invasion of Ukraine that began a month before the second clashes 7 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan clashesPart of the post Soviet conflictsMap showing areas where clashes broke out within KyrgyzstanDate27 January 2022 10 March 2022 3 June 2022 14 June 2022 14 20 September 2022LocationKyrgyzstan Tajikistan borderStatusStatus quoBelligerents Tajikistan KyrgyzstanCommanders and leadersEmomali Rahmon Saimumin Yatimov Sherali MirzoSadyr Japarov Kamchybek Tashiev Baktybek BekbolotovUnits involvedTajik Armed Forces Border Guard Service OMONKyrgyz Armed Forces Border Guard Service Scorpion 25th SFBCasualties and losses83 killed per Tajikistan 1 2 200 killed 400 injured per Kyrgyzstan 3 83 killed per RFE RL 4 63 killed 5 6 139 wounded136 000 evacuated Kyrgyzstan officials said that the clashes escalated on 14 September 2022 with Tajik forces using tanks APCs and mortars to enter at least one Kyrgyz village and shelling the airport of the Kyrgyz town of Batken and adjacent areas 8 Both nations blamed each other for the fighting 9 The border conflict continued for two days after which the parties were able to agree to a ceasefire on the night of 16 September 2022 10 which only held for about a day 11 12 Kyrgyzstan s President Sadyr Japarov said in a televised address that his country would continue efforts to resolve the Kyrgyz Tajik border issues in a purely peaceful way 13 Tajikistan s foreign ministry stated that the key to resolving the conflict lay in negotiations and it reiterated its position that Kyrgyzstan had instigated the fighting 14 Russian news agencies reported that both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have agreed to pull out additional military hardware and forces from the border citing a statement from the head of the Sughd Region of Tajikistan 13 On 20 September 2022 Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan signed a peace deal 15 Contents 1 Background 1 1 Historical context 1 2 Previous clashes 2 Timeline 2 1 Sporadic clashes 2 2 Escalation 3 Analysis 4 International reactions 5 See also 6 ReferencesBackground EditHistorical context Edit The territories that comprise present day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century 16 In the 1920s the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves 17 Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO 18 and Collective Security Treaty Organization CSTO 19 and are theoretically allied to each other Previous clashes Edit Main article 2021 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan clashes A border conflict started between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021 20 The events surrounding the conflict s outbreak are disputed but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries 21 22 near the Vorukh enclave 23 Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40 000 civilians were displaced 24 On 3 May 2021 both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border 25 and on 18 May 2021 officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border 26 Apart from a small scale incident on 9 July 2021 27 the ceasefire held until January 2022 Timeline EditSporadic clashes Edit On 27 January 2022 clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more 28 Tajikistan s State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured six of them servicemen the rest civilians On the other side Kyrgyzstan s Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes 28 On 10 March an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border in the area of Teskey Batken District killed a Tajik border guard Following the incident officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks 29 30 According to Tajik sources a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border close to Vorukh 31 Two weeks later on 14 June a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops 32 Escalation Edit On 14 September one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area 33 Later the same day two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded five of whom were civilians 34 On 16 September the conflict escalated The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured 8 35 Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached but have repeatedly been broken 8 Coincidentally the leaders of both countries were attending the 2022 SCO summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation held in Samarkand Uzbekistan where they met and discussed the conflict 36 The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation 37 More than 136 000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan 38 Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque 39 Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region 40 Houses and civilian structures including markets and schools in the village of Ak Sai in Kyrgyzstan were reported to have been intentionally burned and looted Kyrgyzstan authorities said that 137 000 people had been evacuated to the Batken and Osh regions 41 Analysis EditThe Diplomat called the conflict an act of aggression by Tajikistan It said that the attack could be related to speculation that Tajik President Emomali Rahmon plans to hand over his position to his son Rustam Emomali who is currently the Chairman of the National Assembly of Tajikistan It also theorized that President Rahmon might wish to pull the attention of domestic and international audiences away from protests in the Gorno Badakhshan Autonomous Region by the Pamiris 42 International reactions EditIranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran s assistance in mediation 43 Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan urging them to reach a peace agreement 44 Russia has military bases in both countries 45 The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement hoping that the tension ends quickly without further escalation and that the disputes are settled peacefully through dialogue 46 Mustafa Sentop the Speaker of Turkish Parliament spoke on the phone with his Kyrgyz and Tajik counterparts stating that consultations between us as brothers are important in these days and that calm and common sense are needed to solve the problems 47 United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres called for a dialogue for a lasting ceasefire between the combatants 48 See also Edit2021 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan clashes 2021 2022 conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan relations 2022 Isfara missile attacks Attacks on Isfara carried by Kyrgyz army References Edit 1 2 Tadzhikistan poteryal ubitymi bolee 200 voennosluzhashih Sovbez KR Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 20 September 2022 Imena 83 zhertv konflikta 14 17 sentyabrya na tadzhiksko kyrgyzskoj granice in Russian Radio Ozodi Radio Free Europe 20 September 2022 Retrieved 3 November 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Death toll from border conflict up to 63 Azattyk Ozodi tass 20 October 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 20 October 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border clashes claim nearly 100 lives BBC 19 September 2022 Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 https www aljazeera com amp news 2022 9 14 clash erupts between kyrgyzstan and tajikistan border guards a b c Dzyubenko Olga 16 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan reports heavy fighting with Tajikistan 24 people killed Bishkek Reuters Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 24 killed scores wounded in clashes on Kyrgyz Tajik border Associated Press 16 September 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan agree to border conflict ceasefire TASS Reuters 16 September 2022 Archived from the original on 16 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Bernardini Matt 17 September 2022 Temporary cease fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan UPI Retrieved 18 September 2022 Usmanov Danil 18 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border conflict death toll nearly 100 The Globe and Mail Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 a b Kyrgyz leader urges calm after deadly conflict with Tajikistan CNN Reuters 20 September 2022 Archived from the original on 22 September 2022 Retrieved 20 September 2022 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Tajikistan Official English Website Archived from the original on 11 May 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan sign peace deal after deadly border clashes Euronews 20 September 2022 Archived from the original on 22 September 2022 Retrieved 21 September 2022 Morrison Alexander 19 September 2022 Russia s Great Game the Conquest of Central Asia 1780 1896 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 30 April 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Bergne Paul 2007 The National Territorial Delimitation The Birth of Tajikistan National Identity and the Origins of the Republic London I B Tauris doi 10 5040 9780755620180 ch 005 ISBN 978 1 78831 271 4 The Shanghai Cooperation Organization Council on Foreign Relations Archived from the original on 16 October 2018 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Ot Dogovora k Organizacii odkb csto org Archived from the original on 5 August 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Border Conflict Final Report Operation n MDRKG013 reliefweb 2 February 2022 Archived from the original on 18 May 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan forces exchange gunfire in worst border flareup in years eurasianet org Archived from the original on 2 May 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 Reuters Staff 29 April 2021 Kyrgyz Tajik security forces clash at border in water dispute Reuters Archived from the original on 2 May 2021 Retrieved 29 April 2021 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a author has generic name help Putz Catherine 1 November 2022 Parviz Mullojonov on the Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Border Dispute The Diplomat Retrieved 31 October 2022 Bahtiyar Abdulkerimov 5 May 2021 Death toll rises to 55 from Kyrgyz Tajik border clashes www aa com tr Archived from the original on 6 May 2021 Retrieved 9 May 2021 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan completing withdrawal of troops from border news am Archived from the original on 5 May 2021 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Agree To Joint Security Controls Along Disputed Border RFERL 18 May 2021 Archived from the original on 13 February 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyz border guard killed in shootout with Tajik forces The Times of India 9 July 2021 Retrieved 9 July 2021 a b Two civilians killed as guards clash at Kyrgyz Tajik border www aljazeera com Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 31 January 2022 Kyrgyzstan reports shooting on border with Tajikistan Trend Az 10 March 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Hold New Talks After Shooting At Border Leaves One Dead Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty 10 March 2022 Archived from the original on 16 September 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2022 Tajikistan accuses Kyrgyzstan of provoking latest border clash Reuters 4 June 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2022 One killed in Tajik Kyrgyz border guard clash Dushanbe Reuters 14 June 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2022 One Tajikistan border guard killed in clashes with Kyrgyzstan RIA Reuters 14 September 2022 Archived from the original on 14 September 2022 Retrieved 16 September 2022 Two reported killed in clashes between Kyrgyz and Tajik border guards Reuters 14 September 2022 Archived from the original on 14 September 2022 Retrieved 16 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan says Tajikistan resumed firing on border after ceasefire Reuters 16 September 2022 Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Pannier Bruce 17 September 2022 As Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan descend into another border war there s no one to stop the fighting Prague bne IntelliNews Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Manning Joshua 16 September 2022 BREAKING Kyrgyzstan parliament holds emergency session as fighting with Tajikistan continues Euro Weekly News Archived from the original on 16 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan has evacuated over 136 000 from border conflict zone Kyrgyzstan AKIpress News Agency 16 September 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 21 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan ceasefire holds up after border fighting Reuters 17 September 2022 Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan declares state of emergency in Batken region bordering Tajikistan www aa com tr Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 17 September 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan border clashes prove deadly for civilians Kyrgyzstan ReliefWeb reliefweb int Retrieved 23 September 2022 More than a Border Skirmish Between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan thediplomat com Archived from the original on 19 September 2022 Retrieved 19 September 2022 Iran voices concern over Kyrgyz Tajik clashes Mehr News Agency 18 September 2022 Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Putin calls on Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to de escalate MSN 18 September 2022 Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Russia raising combat potential of its military bases in Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Shoigu TASS 24 August 2022 Archived from the original on 31 August 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Press Release Regarding the Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Border Conflict Republic of Turkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Turkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs No 287 16 September 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2022 Parliament speaker calls for dialogue between Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Daily Sabah 20 September 2022 Retrieved 22 September 2022 Scores dead in Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan border clashes despite ceasefire euronews 18 September 2022 Archived from the original on 18 September 2022 Retrieved 18 September 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2022 Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan clashes amp oldid 1135281576, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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