The summit series discusses international cooperative measures to protect nuclear materials and facilities from terrorist groups. Fifty-eight world leaders from 53 states and four international organizations, including the United Nations, International Atomic Energy Agency, the European Union and INTERPOL, participated. The main issues discussed were:[3]
Cooperative measures to combat the threat of nuclear terrorism
Protection of nuclear materials and related facilities
Prevention of illicit trafficking of nuclear materials
At the summit, the leaders discussed nuclear terrorism threats and nuclear security preparedness. They also reviewed the implementation of agreements and voluntary commitments. Then the leaders focused on major nuclear security issues, mostly brought up at the Washington summit, such as the minimization and management of highly enriched uranium, ratification of nuclear security conventions, strengthening information and transportation security, IAEA’s role, preventing illicit nuclear trafficking, nuclear security culture, and international cooperation and assistance.
In the aftermath of the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, Korea added a new issues of radiological security and the nuclear security-safety interface to the agenda from the natural disasters since World War II (1939-45) and Korean War (1950-53). The Washington summit had focused on nuclear terrorism with explosive nuclear devices, perceiving that as the biggest threat to international security after 9/11 attacks in New York City in 2001, 3/11 train bombings in Madrid in 2004, and 7/7 bombings in London in 2005. The 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security summit also discussed protection against dirty bombs and the sabotage of nuclear facilities.
Some states opposed the two new items, saying that they would dilute the focus of the summit.[4]
The first Nuclear Security Summit was held in Washington D.C., U.S.A. on April 12-13, 2010. U.S. PresidentBarack Obama, who proposed the Nuclear Security Summit in his April 2009 Prague speech, invited 47 heads of government and heads of states and three representatives of international organizations. In the Prague speech, President Obama announced his vision for a ‘world without nuclear weapons’ and proposed nuclear security as one of three strategic goals for this vision together with nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation. President Obama also announced a nuclear security goal to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years.
During the Washington summit, Korea was proposed as the second summit host by President Obama, which was accepted.[5]
Participantsedit
Host state (South Korea)
Participating states
First-time participating states
Azerbaijan
Denmark
Gabon
Hungary
Lithuania
Romania
European Union states represented by the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission only
After a reception, on March 27 there was a Morning Session, a Working Luncheon and an Afternoon Session.
The agenda for each session was as follows:
1. March 26 (Monday) -Working Dinner : Review of the Progress Made Since the 2010 Washington Summit 2. March 27 (Tuesday) -Plenary Session I : National Measures and International Cooperation to Enhance Nuclear Security, including Future Commitments -Working Lunch : Nuclear Security-Safety Interface -Plenary Session II : National Measures and International Cooperation to Enhance Nuclear Security, including Future Commitments (cont.).[9]
Seoul Communiquéedit
The Seoul Communiqué built on the objectives and measures set out in the 2010 Washington Communiqué to identify 11 areas of priority and importance in nuclear security and presents specific actions in each area.
The 11 areas are as follows: the global nuclear security architecture; the role of the IAEA; nuclear materials; radioactive sources; nuclear security and safety; transportation security; combating illicit trafficking; nuclear forensics; nuclear security culture; information security; and international cooperation.
The Seoul Communiqué sets out the following specific actions in the above 11 areas:[10]
Eliminating and disposing of highly enriched uranium (HEU) no longer in use
Minimizing the use of HEU
Encouraging voluntary announcements by the end of 2013 of specific actions to minimize the use of HEU
Welcoming international efforts to develop high-density low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel for the purpose of replacing HEU fuels in research reactors and medical isotope production facilities
Seeking to bring the 2005 amended Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials (CPPNM) into effect by 2014
Welcoming an international conference in 2013 organized by the IAEA to coordinate nuclear security activities
Encouraging voluntary contributions to the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund
Developing options for national policies on HEU management within the framework of the IAEA
Encouraging national measures and international cooperation to prevent radiological terrorism
Strengthening the physical protection of nuclear facilities and enhancing emergency response capabilities in the case of radiological accidents while comprehensively addressing nuclear security and nuclear safety concerns
Strengthening the management of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes
Strengthening the protection of nuclear materials and radioactive sources in transport
Encouraging the establishment of a system to effectively manage and track such materials on a national level
Preventing the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials
Strengthening technical capabilities to search for and detect illicitly trafficked nuclear materials and encouraging the sharing of information on persons involved in such activities by cooperating with the INTERPOL
Building nuclear forensics capacity to identify the source of illicitly trafficked nuclear materials
Welcoming the establishment of Centers of Excellence for training and education in nuclear security, and supporting networking activities between each Center
Strengthening the nuclear security culture
Encouraging the participation of industry, academia, the media, NGOs and other civil actors in the discussions on nuclear security
Strengthening the protection of sensitive nuclear security-related information and enhancing cyber security at nuclear facilities
Promoting international cooperation, such as the provision of assistance to countries for the enhancement of national nuclear security capabilities upon request
The Seoul Communiqué provides important timelines for advancing nuclear security objectives, such as the target year (end of 2013) for states to announce voluntary actions on minimizing the use of HEU and the goal year (2014) for bringing the amended CPPNM into effect. It reflects the need to address both the issues of nuclear security and nuclear safety in a coherent manner for the sustainable peaceful uses of nuclear energy. It also emphasizes the need to better secure spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste. It also sets out specific measures to prevent radiological terrorism, an issue only briefly touched upon at the Washington Summit.
^"Obama's Opening Remarks," New York Times. April 13, 2010.
^. Nuclear Security Summit. 27 March 2012. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
^"Korea's contribution to the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit". The Korea Herald. 28 March 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
^"Korea’s contribution to the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit" The Korea Herald. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012
^ abcdefgh"Key Facts on the 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit". Nuclear Security Summit. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
^"Remarks by Interpol Secretary General at 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit". Nuclear Security Summit. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
^ ab"The Head of Delegations from the Netherlands and Poland to the 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Changed". Nuclear Security Summit. 24 March 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
^. Nuclear Security Summit. 27 March 2012. Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
^. Nuclear Security Summit. 27 March 2012. Archived from the original on 1 July 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2012 Nuclear Security Summit.
Official website
After the Summit: Investing in Nuclear Materials Security by Christopher P. Twomey (April 2012)
2012 Nuclear Security Summit: The Korean Twist 2012-09-15 at the Wayback Machine by Duyeon Kim (September 2011)
by Fred McGoldrick (March 2012)
by Olexander Motsyk(May 2012)
January 01, 1970
2012, nuclear, security, summit, summit, held, coex, convention, exhibition, center, seoul, south, korea, march, 2012, second, time, conference, held, after, 2010, nuclear, security, summit, host, country, south, koreadatemarch, 2012venue, coex, convention, ex. The 2012 Nuclear Security Summit was a summit held at the COEX Convention amp Exhibition Center in Seoul South Korea 1 on March 26 and 27 2012 2 It was the second time the conference was held after the 2010 Nuclear Security Summit 2012 Nuclear Security SummitHost country South KoreaDateMarch 26 27 2012Venue s COEX Convention amp Exhibition CenterCitiesSeoulParticipants58 representativesFollows2010 Nuclear Security SummitPrecedes2014 Nuclear Security SummitWebsitethenuclearsecuritysummit wbr org 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Plenary The summit series discusses international cooperative measures to protect nuclear materials and facilities from terrorist groups Fifty eight world leaders from 53 states and four international organizations including the United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency the European Union and INTERPOL participated The main issues discussed were 3 Cooperative measures to combat the threat of nuclear terrorism Protection of nuclear materials and related facilities Prevention of illicit trafficking of nuclear materials At the summit the leaders discussed nuclear terrorism threats and nuclear security preparedness They also reviewed the implementation of agreements and voluntary commitments Then the leaders focused on major nuclear security issues mostly brought up at the Washington summit such as the minimization and management of highly enriched uranium ratification of nuclear security conventions strengthening information and transportation security IAEA s role preventing illicit nuclear trafficking nuclear security culture and international cooperation and assistance In the aftermath of the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster Korea added a new issues of radiological security and the nuclear security safety interface to the agenda from the natural disasters since World War II 1939 45 and Korean War 1950 53 The Washington summit had focused on nuclear terrorism with explosive nuclear devices perceiving that as the biggest threat to international security after 9 11 attacks in New York City in 2001 3 11 train bombings in Madrid in 2004 and 7 7 bombings in London in 2005 The 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security summit also discussed protection against dirty bombs and the sabotage of nuclear facilities Some states opposed the two new items saying that they would dilute the focus of the summit 4 Contents 1 Background 2 Participants 3 Schedule and agenda 4 Seoul Communique 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksBackground editThe first Nuclear Security Summit was held in Washington D C U S A on April 12 13 2010 U S President Barack Obama who proposed the Nuclear Security Summit in his April 2009 Prague speech invited 47 heads of government and heads of states and three representatives of international organizations In the Prague speech President Obama announced his vision for a world without nuclear weapons and proposed nuclear security as one of three strategic goals for this vision together with nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation President Obama also announced a nuclear security goal to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials around the world in four years During the Washington summit Korea was proposed as the second summit host by President Obama which was accepted 5 Participants edit nbsp Host state South Korea Participating states First time participating states AzerbaijanDenmarkGabonHungaryLithuaniaRomania European Union states represented by the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission only nbsp South Korean President Lee Myung bak speaks to the media during a press conference after the Seoul Nuclear Security Summit at the Convention and Exhibition Center COEX in Seoul South Korea 27 March 2012 nbsp Barack Obama talks with President Viktor Yanukovych of Ukraine nbsp Barack Obama Nursultan Nazarbayev and Dmitry Medvedev 2012 Country Organization Representative s nbsp Algeria Abdelaziz Bouteflika President nbsp Argentina Hector Timerman Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp Armenia Serzh Sargsyan President nbsp Australia Julia Gillard Prime Minister nbsp Azerbaijan 6 Ilham Aliyev President nbsp Belgium Joelle Milquet Deputy Prime Minister nbsp Brazil Michel Temer Vice President nbsp Canada Stephen Harper Prime Minister nbsp Chile Sebastian Pinera President nbsp China Hu Jintao President nbsp Czech Republic Vaclav Klaus President nbsp Denmark 6 Helle Thorning Schmidt Prime Minister nbsp Egypt Mohamed Hussein Tantawi Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces of Egypt nbsp European Union 6 Herman Van Rompuy President of the European Council Jose Manuel Barroso President of the European Commission nbsp Finland Sauli Niinisto President nbsp France Francois Fillon Prime Minister nbsp Gabon 6 Ali Bongo Ondimba President nbsp Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili President nbsp Germany Guido Westerwelle Minister for Foreign Affairs nbsp Hungary 6 Pal Schmitt President nbsp India Manmohan Singh Prime Minister nbsp Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono President nbsp International Atomic Energy Agency Yukiya Amano Director General Interpol 6 Ronald Noble 7 Secretary General nbsp Israel Dan Meridor Deputy Prime Minister and Intelligence Services Minister nbsp Italy Mario Monti Prime Minister nbsp Japan Yoshihiko Noda Prime Minister nbsp Jordan Abdullah II King nbsp Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev President nbsp Lithuania 6 Dalia Grybauskaite President nbsp Malaysia Najib Tun Razak Prime Minister nbsp Mexico Felipe Calderon President nbsp Morocco Saadeddine El Othmani Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation nbsp Netherlands Uri Rosenthal 8 Minister of Foreign Affairs nbsp New Zealand John Key Prime Minister nbsp Nigeria Goodluck Jonathan President nbsp Norway Jens Stoltenberg Prime Minister nbsp Pakistan Raja Pervaiz Ashraf Prime Minister nbsp Philippines Jejomar Binay Vice President nbsp Poland Marcin Korolec 8 Minister of Environment nbsp Romania 6 Traian Băsescu President nbsp Russia Dmitry Medvedev President nbsp Saudi Arabia Hashim bin Abdullah Yamani President of KACARE nbsp Singapore Lee Hsien Loong Prime Minister nbsp South Africa Jacob Zuma President nbsp South Korea host Lee Myung bak President nbsp Spain Mariano Rajoy Prime Minister nbsp Sweden Fredrik Reinfeldt Prime Minister nbsp Switzerland Didier Burkhalter Head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs nbsp Thailand Yingluck Shinawatra Prime Minister nbsp Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Prime Minister nbsp Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych President nbsp United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi nbsp United Kingdom Nick Clegg Deputy Prime Minister nbsp United Nations Ban Ki moon Secretary General nbsp United States Barack Obama President nbsp Vietnam Nguyễn Tấn Dũng Prime Minister Schedule and agenda editAfter a reception on March 27 there was a Morning Session a Working Luncheon and an Afternoon Session The agenda for each session was as follows 1 March 26 Monday Working Dinner Review of the Progress Made Since the 2010 Washington Summit 2 March 27 Tuesday Plenary Session I National Measures and International Cooperation to Enhance Nuclear Security including Future Commitments Working Lunch Nuclear Security Safety Interface Plenary Session II National Measures and International Cooperation to Enhance Nuclear Security including Future Commitments cont 9 Seoul Communique editThe Seoul Communique built on the objectives and measures set out in the 2010 Washington Communique to identify 11 areas of priority and importance in nuclear security and presents specific actions in each area The 11 areas are as follows the global nuclear security architecture the role of the IAEA nuclear materials radioactive sources nuclear security and safety transportation security combating illicit trafficking nuclear forensics nuclear security culture information security and international cooperation The Seoul Communique sets out the following specific actions in the above 11 areas 10 Eliminating and disposing of highly enriched uranium HEU no longer in use Minimizing the use of HEU Encouraging voluntary announcements by the end of 2013 of specific actions to minimize the use of HEU Welcoming international efforts to develop high density low enriched uranium LEU fuel for the purpose of replacing HEU fuels in research reactors and medical isotope production facilities Seeking to bring the 2005 amended Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials CPPNM into effect by 2014 Welcoming an international conference in 2013 organized by the IAEA to coordinate nuclear security activities Encouraging voluntary contributions to the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund Developing options for national policies on HEU management within the framework of the IAEA Encouraging national measures and international cooperation to prevent radiological terrorism Strengthening the physical protection of nuclear facilities and enhancing emergency response capabilities in the case of radiological accidents while comprehensively addressing nuclear security and nuclear safety concerns Strengthening the management of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes Strengthening the protection of nuclear materials and radioactive sources in transport Encouraging the establishment of a system to effectively manage and track such materials on a national level Preventing the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials Strengthening technical capabilities to search for and detect illicitly trafficked nuclear materials and encouraging the sharing of information on persons involved in such activities by cooperating with the INTERPOL Building nuclear forensics capacity to identify the source of illicitly trafficked nuclear materials Welcoming the establishment of Centers of Excellence for training and education in nuclear security and supporting networking activities between each Center Strengthening the nuclear security culture Encouraging the participation of industry academia the media NGOs and other civil actors in the discussions on nuclear security Strengthening the protection of sensitive nuclear security related information and enhancing cyber security at nuclear facilities Promoting international cooperation such as the provision of assistance to countries for the enhancement of national nuclear security capabilities upon request The hosting of the next Nuclear Security Summit in the Netherlands see 2014 Nuclear Security Summit The Seoul Communique provides important timelines for advancing nuclear security objectives such as the target year end of 2013 for states to announce voluntary actions on minimizing the use of HEU and the goal year 2014 for bringing the amended CPPNM into effect It reflects the need to address both the issues of nuclear security and nuclear safety in a coherent manner for the sustainable peaceful uses of nuclear energy It also emphasizes the need to better secure spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste It also sets out specific measures to prevent radiological terrorism an issue only briefly touched upon at the Washington Summit See also editBarack Obama speech in Prague 2009 Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Nuclear disarmament New START Nuclear proliferation Proliferation Security InitiativeReferences edit Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Gets Underway Monday Chosun Ilbo 26 March 2012 Retrieved 2012 03 26 Obama s Opening Remarks New York Times April 13 2010 Overview of 2012 summit Nuclear Security Summit 27 March 2012 Archived from the original on 25 February 2022 Retrieved 4 June 2012 Korea s contribution to the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit The Korea Herald 28 March 2011 Retrieved 4 June 2012 Korea s contribution to the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit The Korea Herald 28 March 2012 Retrieved 4 June 2012 a b c d e f g h Key Facts on the 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Nuclear Security Summit 28 March 2012 Retrieved 28 March 2012 Remarks by Interpol Secretary General at 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Nuclear Security Summit 27 March 2012 Retrieved 28 March 2012 a b The Head of Delegations from the Netherlands and Poland to the 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit Changed Nuclear Security Summit 24 March 2012 Retrieved 28 March 2012 Schedule of 2012 summit Nuclear Security Summit 27 March 2012 Archived from the original on 1 July 2012 Retrieved 4 June 2012 Seoul Communique Nuclear Security Summit 27 March 2012 Archived from the original on 1 July 2012 Retrieved 4 June 2012 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2012 Nuclear Security Summit Official website After the Summit Investing in Nuclear Materials Security by Christopher P Twomey April 2012 2012 Nuclear Security Summit The Korean Twist Archived 2012 09 15 at the Wayback Machine by Duyeon Kim September 2011 2012 Nuclear Security Summit and South Korean Nuclear Interests by Fred McGoldrick March 2012 From Washington to Seoul Advancing Nuclear Security Objectives by Olexander Motsyk May 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2012 Nuclear Security Summit amp oldid 1212240653, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
