1894 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4, 1894, to November 6, 1894, with special elections throughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356 congressional districts across each of the 44 U.S. states at the time, as well as non-voting delegates from the inhabited U.S. territories. The winners of this election served in the 54th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 1890 United States census.

1894 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1892 June 4, 1894^[a] – November 6, 1894^[b] 1896 →
All 356 seats in the United States House of Representatives^[c] 179 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Thomas Brackett Reed Charles Frederick Crisp Party Republican Democratic Leader's seat Maine 1st Georgia 3rd Last election 124 seats 218 seats Seats before 143 seats^[d] 198 seats^[g] Seats won 253^[e]^[f] 93^[e]^[f] Seat change 110 105 Popular vote 5,442,266 4,252,292 Percentage 48.27% 37.72% Swing 7.45% 9.66%   Third party Fourth party   Party Populist Silver Last election 11 seats 1 seat Seats before 13 seats 1 seat Seats won 9^[e]^[f] 1^[e] Seat change 4 Popular vote 1,242,242 4,581 Percentage 11.02% 0.04% Swing 2.73% 0.02%   Fifth party   Party Independent Last election 2 seats Seats before 2 seats Seats won 0 Seat change 2 Popular vote 82,148 Percentage 0.73% Swing 0.08%
Results:      Democratic gain      Republican gain      Democratic hold      Republican hold      Populist gain      Populist hold      Silver hold
Speaker before election Charles Crisp Democratic Elected Speaker Thomas Reed Republican

The elections comprised a significant political realignment, with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive election of 1896. The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic President Grover Cleveland's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the Panic of 1893, which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring, a major coal strike damaged the economy of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic. It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party. Immediately after the coal strike concluded, Eugene V. Debs led a nationwide railroad strike. It shut down the nation's transportation system west of Detroit for weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order. Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld, a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland.

The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populist electoral fusion in Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas.^[2][3] The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections.

The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house including Richard P. Bland, William McKendree Springer, and William Lyne Wilson were defeated in the election.^[4] As of 2022, the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives; the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in 1932.

The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti-Catholic American Protective Association; the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP.^[5]

Election summaries

↓

93	10	254
Democratic	^[h]	Republican

 

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Populist		Republican		Silver
			Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	9	5	4	2	2	2	2	0
Arkansas	District	6	6		0		0		0
California	District	7	1	2	0	1	6	3	0
Colorado	District	2	0		1	1	1	1	0
Connecticut	District	4	0	3	0		4	3	0
Delaware	At-large	1	0	1	0		1	1	0
Florida	District	2	2		0		0		0
Georgia	District	11	11		0		0		0
Idaho	At-large	1	0		0		1		0
Illinois	District	22	0	11	0		22	11	0
Indiana	District	13	0	11	0		13	11	0
Iowa	District	11	0	1	0		11	1	0
Kansas	District +at-large	8	0		1	4	7	4	0
Kentucky	District	11	5	5	0		6	5	0
Louisiana	District	6	6		0		0		0
Maine^[i]	District	4	0		0		4		0
Maryland	District	6	3	3	0		3	3	0
Massachusetts	District	13	1	3	0		12	3	0
Michigan	District	12	0	5	0		12	5	0
Minnesota	District	7	0	2	0	1	7	3	0
Mississippi	District	7	7		0		0		0
Missouri	District	15	4	9	0		11	9	0
Montana	At-large	1	0		0		1		0
Nebraska	District	6	0	1	1	1	5	2	0
Nevada	At-large	1	0	1	0		0		1	1
New Hampshire	District	2	0		0		2		0
New Jersey	District	8	0	6	0		8	6	0
New York	District	34	4	16	0		30	16	0
North Carolina	District	9	2	6	4	4	3	2	0
North Dakota	At-large	1	0		0		1		0
Ohio	District	21	2	9	0		19	9	0
Oregon^[i]	District	2	0		0		2		0
Pennsylvania	District +2 at-large	30	2	8	0		28	8	0
Rhode Island	District	2	0	2	0		2	2	0
South Carolina	District	7	6		0		1		0
South Dakota	At-large	2	0		0		2		0
Tennessee	District	10	6	2	0		4	2	0
Texas	District	13	12	1	0		1	1	0
Vermont^[i]	District	2	0		0		2		0
Virginia	District	10	8	2	0		2	2	0
Washington	At-large	2	0		0		2		0
West Virginia	District	4	0	4	0		4	4	0
Wisconsin	District	10	0	6	0		10	6	0
Wyoming	At-large	1	0	1	0		1	1	0
Total^[c]		356	93^[e] 26.1%	107	9^[e] 2.5%	4	253^[e] 71.1%	110	1^[e] 0.3%	1

Popular vote Republican   48.27% Democratic   37.72% Populist   11.02% Silver   0.04% Independent   0.73% Others   2.22%

House seats Republican   71.07% Democratic   26.12% Populist   2.53% Silver   0.28%

House seats by party holding plurality in state   80+% Democratic     80+% Republican   60+ to 80% Democratic     60+ to 80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic   Up to 60% Populist   Up to 60% Republican

Net gain in party representation   6+ Democratic gain     6+ Republican gain   3 to 5 Democratic gain     3 to 5 Republican gain   1 to 2 Democratic gain   1 to 2 Populist gain   1 to 2 Republican gain   no net change

Special elections

15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York's 14th, Kentucky's 9th, and Maryland's 5th congressional districts.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Virginia 7	Charles T. O'Ferrall	Democratic	1884 (special)	Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being elected Governor of Virginia. New member elected January 30, 1894. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected in November; see below.	▌ Y Smith S. Turner (Democratic) 65.09% ▌E. D. Root (Republican) 34.59% ▌Basil Gordon (unknown) 0.32%^[6]
New York 14	John R. Fellows	Democratic	1890	Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to become District Attorney of New York City. New member elected January 30, 1894. Republican gain. Winner later re-elected in November; see below.	▌ Y Lemuel E. Quigg (Republican) 49.62% ▌William L. Brown (Democratic) 46.14% ▌Daniel De Leon (Socialist Labor) 2.46% ▌George Munro (Prohibition) 0.90% ▌George A. Hunter (Populist) 0.88%^[7]
Pennsylvania at-large	William Lilly	Republican	1892	Incumbent died December 1, 1893. New member elected February 26, 1894. Republican hold.	▌ Y Galusha A. Grow (Republican) [data missing]
South Carolina 1	William H. Brawley	Democratic	1890	Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina. New member elected April 12, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y James F. Izlar (Democratic) [data missing]
Maryland 1	Robert F. Brattan	Democratic	1892	Incumbent died May 10, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y W. Laird Henry (Democratic) [data missing]
Ohio 3	George W. Houk	Democratic	1890	Incumbent died February 9, 1894. New member elected May 21, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Paul J. Sorg (Democratic) [data missing]
Wisconsin 7	George B. Shaw	Republican	1892	Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican hold.^[8]	▌ Y Michael Griffin (Republican) 57.8% ▌George W. Levis (Democratic) 32.5% ▌Clement H. Van Worner (Populist) 5.3% ▌Edward Berg (Prohibition) 4.1% ▌William F. Button (Independent) 0.4%
Alabama 3	William C. Oates	Democratic	1880	Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected Governor of Alabama. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y George P. Harrison Jr. (Democratic) [data missing]
Kentucky 9	Thomas H. Paynter	Democratic	1888	Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals. New member elected November 6, 1894, but didn't take his seat until March 4, 1895. Republican gain.	▌ Y Samuel J. Pugh (Republican) [data missing]
Maryland 5	Barnes Compton	Democratic	1884 1890 (lost contest) 1890	Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican gain.	▌ Y Charles E. Coffin (Republican) [data missing]
Arkansas 2	Clifton R. Breckinridge	Democratic	1882	Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to become U.S. Minister to Russia. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y John S. Little (Democratic) [data missing]
Kentucky 10	Marcus C. Lisle	Democratic	1892	Incumbent died July 7, 1894. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y William M. Beckner (Democratic) [data missing]
Louisiana 4	Newton C. Blanchard	Democratic	1880	Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become a U.S. Senator. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Henry W. Ogden (Democratic) [data missing]
Ohio 2	John A. Caldwell	Republican	1888	Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to become Mayor of Cincinnati. New member elected December 3, 1894. Republican hold.	▌ Y Jacob H. Bromwell (Republican) [data missing]
New York 15	Ashbel P. Fitch	Democratic	1886	Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to become New York City Comptroller. New member elected December 30, 1894. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Isidor Straus (Democratic) [data missing]

Early election dates

In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:

• June 4 Oregon
• September 4 Vermont
• September 10 Maine

Alabama

See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama

Arkansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas

California

Main article: 1894 United States House of Representatives elections in California

See also: List of United States representatives from California

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	Thomas J. Geary	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y John All Barham (Republican) 41.1% ▌Thomas J. Geary (Democratic) 37.0% ▌Roger F. Grigsby (Populist) 19.7% ▌J. R. Gregory (Prohibition)
California 2	Anthony Caminetti	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Grove L. Johnson (Republican) 43.0% ▌Anthony Caminetti (Democratic) 35.1% ▌Burdelli Cornell (Populist) 20.0% ▌Elam Briggs (Prohibition) 1.9%
California 3	Warren B. English	Democratic	1892 (contested)	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Samuel G. Hilborn (Republican) 45.5% ▌Warren B. English (Democratic) 37.8% ▌W. A. Vann (Populist) 14.9% ▌L. B. Scranton (Prohibition) 1.8%
California 4	James G. Maguire	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James G. Maguire (Democratic) 48.3% ▌Thomas Bowles Shannon (Republican) 32.0% ▌B. K. Collier (Populist) 18.4% ▌Joseph Rowell (Prohibition) 1.3%
California 5	Eugene F. Loud	Republican	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Eugene F. Loud (Republican) 36.8% ▌Joseph P. Kelly (Democratic) 23.0% ▌James T. Rogers (Populist) 21.5% ▌James Denman (Prohibition) 18.7%
California 6	Marion Cannon	Populist	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y James McLachlan (Republican) 44.3% ▌George S. Patton (Democratic) 27.6% ▌W. C. Bowman (Populist) 23.1% ▌J. E. McComas (Prohibition) 5.0%
California 7	William W. Bowers	Republican	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William W. Bowers (Republican) 42.9% ▌W. H. Alford (Democratic) 28.2% ▌J. L. Gilbert (Populist) 25.0% ▌W. H. Somers (Prohibition) 3.9%

Colorado

See also: List of United States representatives from Colorado

Connecticut

See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut

Delaware

See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	John W. Causey	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Jonathan S. Willis (Republican) 50.83% ▌Samuel Bancroft (Democratic) 47.5% ▌W. W. Bullock (Prohibition) 1.5% ▌John P. Donahue (Ind. Democratic) 0.17%^[9]

Florida

Main article: 1894 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

See also: List of United States representatives from Florida

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen R. Mallory	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Stephen M. Sparkman (Democratic) 85.3% ▌D. L. McKinnon (Populist) 14.7%
Florida 2	Charles Merian Cooper	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles Merian Cooper (Democratic) 79.8% ▌Montholom Atkinson (Populist) 20.2%

Georgia

See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia

Idaho

See also: List of United States representatives from Idaho

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Idaho at-large	Willis Sweet	Republican	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Edgar Wilson (Republican) 43.38% ▌James Gunn (Populist) 31.53% ▌James M. Ballatine (Democratic) 24.37% ▌William J. Boone (Prohibition) 0.72%^[10]

Illinois

See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois

Indiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana

Iowa

See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa

Kansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas

Kentucky

See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky

Louisiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana

Maine

See also: List of United States representatives from Maine

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1	Thomas B. Reed	Republican	1876	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas B. Reed (Republican) 63.53% ▌John Deering (Democratic) 33.10% ▌Linus Seely (Prohibition) 2.20% ▌James E. Campion (Populist) 1.17%
Maine 2	Nelson Dingley Jr.	Republican	1881 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Nelson Dingley Jr. (Republican) 63.74% ▌Daniel J. McGillicuddy (Democratic) 28.38% ▌Elbert Y. Turner (Populist) 5.96% ▌Edward W. Ogier (Prohibition) 1.92%
Maine 3	Seth L. Milliken	Republican	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Seth L. Milliken (Republican) 64.78% ▌Moses R. Leighton (Democratic) 25.55% ▌George C. Sheldon (Populist) 7.62% ▌William S. Thompson (Prohibition) 2.05%
Maine 4	Charles A. Boutelle	Republican	1882	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles A. Boutelle (Republican) 65.46% ▌Al L. Simpson(Democratic) 25.90% ▌Oliver D. Chapman (Populist) 4.98% ▌Charles W. Johnston (Prohibition) 3.66%

Maryland

See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland

Massachusetts

See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1	Ashley B. Wright	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Ashley B. Wright (Republican) 55.2% ▌Addison L. Green (Democratic) 39.2% ▌Augustus R. Smith (Prohibition) 3.3% ▌Jonathan Johnson (Populist) 2.3%
Massachusetts 2	Frederick H. Gillett	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Frederick H. Gillett (Republican) 61.4% ▌Edward A. Hall (Democratic) 31.4% ▌George M. Stearns (Populist) 4.2% ▌Hubbard Lawrence (Unknown) 3.0%
Massachusetts 3	Joseph H. Walker	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph H. Walker (Republican) 59.4% ▌Charles Haggerty (Democratic) 35.6% ▌Henry S. Brown (Populist) 2.55% ▌George F. Wright (Prohibition) 2.45%
Massachusetts 4	Lewis D. Apsley	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Lewis D. Apsley (Republican) 64.9% ▌John J. Desmond (Democratic) 32.2% ▌Bertram Sparhawk (Populist) 3.0%
Massachusetts 5	Moses T. Stevens	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William S. Knox (Republican) 51.7% ▌George W. Fifield (Democratic) 44.4% ▌Hiram W. Eastman (Populist) 2.7% ▌Warren F. Taylor (Prohibition) 1.1%
Massachusetts 6	William Cogswell	Republican	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Cogswell (Republican) 68.3% ▌Henry B. Little (Democratic) 24.2% ▌Joseph K. Harris (Populist) 7.5%
Massachusetts 7	William Everett	Democratic	1893 (special)	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William Emerson Barrett (Republican) 57.8% ▌Samuel K. Hamilton (Democratic) 33.7% ▌Walter L. Ramsdell (Populist) 4.6% ▌George Buttrick (Prohibition) 2.9% ▌George R. Peare (Socialist Labor) 1.1%
Massachusetts 8	Samuel W. McCall	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Samuel W. McCall (Republican) 57.8% ▌Charles Arthur Conant (Democratic) 35.4% ▌Linn B. Porter (Populist) 3.1%
Massachusetts 9	Joseph H. O'Neil	Democratic	1888	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y John F. Fitzgerald (Democratic) 53.3% ▌Jesse M. Gove (Republican) 44.4% ▌Patrick F. O'Neil (Socialist Labor) 2.4%
Massachusetts 10	Michael J. McEttrick	Citizens Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected Republican gain.	▌ Y Harrison Henry Atwood (Republican) 36.0% ▌Michael J. McEttrick (Citizens Democratic) 35.4% ▌William S. McNary (Democratic) 26.0% ▌Frederick W. Peabody (Ind. Republican) 4.3% ▌Michael D. Fitzgerald (Socialist Labor) 1.2%
Massachusetts 11	William F. Draper	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William F. Draper (Republican) 62.0% ▌Bentley W. Warren (Democratic) 34.7% ▌John F. Dowd (Populist) 3.4%
Massachusetts 12	Elijah A. Morse	Republican	1888	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Elijah A. Morse (Republican) 65.3% ▌William H. Jordan (Democratic) 26.2% ▌Elbridge G. Brown (Populist) 8.5%
Massachusetts 13	Charles S. Randall	Republican	1888	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y John Simpkins (Republican) 61.2% ▌Robert Howard (Democratic) 38.8%

Michigan

See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan

Minnesota

See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota

Mississippi

See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	John M. Allen	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John M. Allen (Democratic) 79.03% ▌J. A. Brown (Populist) 20.97%^[11]
Mississippi 2	John C. Kyle	Democratic	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John C. Kyle (Democratic) 75.30% ▌R. J. Lyle (Populist) 20.90% ▌W. R. Montgomery (Republican) 3.23% ▌N. W. Brown (Prohibition) 0.57%^[12]
Mississippi 3	Thomas C. Catchings	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas C. Catchings (Democratic) 87.06% ▌Thomas Monuh (Prohibition) 10.63% ▌G. W. Wise (Populist) 2.31%^[13]
Mississippi 4	Hernando Money	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Hernando Money (Democratic) 57.88% ▌J. H. Jamison (Populist) 41.65% ▌Frank Sourer (Prohibition) 0.47%^[14]
Mississippi 5	John S. Williams	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John S. Williams (Democratic) 66.27% ▌W. P. Ratliff (Populist) 33.73%^[15]
Mississippi 6	T. R. Stockdale	Democratic	1886	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Walter M. Denny (Democratic) 64.64% ▌A. C. Hathorn (Populist) 35.36%^[16]
Mississippi 7	Charles E. Hooker	Democratic	1886	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y James G. Spencer (Democratic) 70.19% ▌A. M. Newman (Populist) 26.44% ▌T. P. Barr (Prohibition) 3.38%^[17]

Missouri

See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri

Montana

See also: List of United States representatives from Montana

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Montana at-large	Charles S. Hartman	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles S. Hartman (Republican) 46.97% ▌Robert B. Smith (Populist) 30.93% ▌Hal S. Corbett (Democratic) 21.05% ▌Benjamin F. Maiden (Prohibition) 1.05%^[18]

Nebraska

See also: List of United States representatives from Nebraska

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nebraska 1	William Jennings Bryan	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Jesse B. Strode (Republican) 44.90% ▌Austin H. Weir (Democratic) 39.79% ▌Richard H. Hawley (Prohibition) 3.37%^[19]
Nebraska 2	David H. Mercer	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y David H. Mercer (Republican) 50.84% ▌James E. Boyd (Democratic) 32.06% ▌D. Clem Deaver (Populist) 15.56% ▌George W. Woodbey (Prohibition) 1.54%^[20]
Nebraska 3	George de Rue Meiklejohn	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George de Rue Meiklejohn (Republican) 44.51% ▌John M. Devine (Populist) 31.61% ▌W. A. Hensley (Democratic) 21.59% ▌J. C. Thomas (Prohibition) 2.29%^[21]
Nebraska 4	Eugene Jerome Hainer	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Eugene Jerome Hainer (Republican) 50.37% ▌William L. Stark (Populist) 40.16% ▌Shannon S. Alley (Democratic) 7.14% ▌C. M. Woodward (Prohibition) 2.34%^[22]
Nebraska 5	William A. McKeighan	Populist	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William E. Andrews (Republican) 50.48% ▌William A. McKeighan (Populist) 47.52% ▌O. C. Hubbell (Prohibition) 2.00%^[23]
Nebraska 6	Omer Madison Kem	Populist	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Omer Madison Kem (Populist) 52.31% ▌Matt A. Dougherty (Republican) 44.96% ▌William Bone (Prohibition) 2.73%^[24]

Nevada

See also: List of United States representatives from Nevada

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Nevada at-large	Francis G. Newlands	Silver	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Francis G. Newlands (Silver) 44.38% ▌Horace F. Bartine (Republican) 26.87% ▌James C. Doughty (Populist) 26.65% ▌B. F. Riley (Democratic) 2.10%^[25]

New Hampshire

See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire

New Jersey

See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey

New Mexico

See also: List of United States representatives from New Mexico

New York

See also: List of United States representatives from New York

North Carolina

See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina

North Dakota

See also: List of United States representatives from North Dakota

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Dakota at-large	Martin N. Johnson	Republican	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Martin N. Johnson (Republican) 55.43% ▌Walter Muir (Farmers' Alliance) 40.16% ▌Bud Reeve (Ind. Democratic) 3.29% ▌Lathrop S. Ellis (Prohibition) 1.13%^[26]

Ohio

See also: List of United States representatives from Ohio

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[27]
Ohio 1	Bellamy Storer	Republican	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Charles Phelps Taft (Republican) 65.0% ▌Hiram D. Peck (Democratic) 35.0%
Ohio 2	Jacob H. Bromwell	Republican	1894 (s)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jacob H. Bromwell (Republican) 67.6% ▌James B. Matson (Democratic) 32.4%
Ohio 3	Paul J. Sorg	Democratic	1894 (s)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Paul J. Sorg (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Andrew L. Harris (Republican) 49.8%
Ohio 4	Fernando C. Layton	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Fernando C. Layton (Democratic) 52.5% ▌William D. Davies (Republican) 47.5%
Ohio 5	Dennis D. Donovan	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Francis B. De Witt (Republican) 52.6% ▌John S. Snook (Democratic) 47.4%
Ohio 6	George W. Hulick	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George W. Hulick (Republican) 61.9% ▌Joseph L. Stephens (Democratic) 38.1%
Ohio 7	George W. Wilson	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George W. Wilson (Republican) 60.6% ▌Charles E. Gain (Democratic) 39.4%
Ohio 8	Luther M. Strong	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Luther M. Strong (Republican) 64.9% ▌Elijah T. Dunn (Democratic) 35.1%
Ohio 9	Byron F. Ritchie	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y James H. Southard (Republican) 59.5% ▌Byron F. Ritchie (Democratic) 40.5%
Ohio 10	Hezekiah S. Bundy	Republican	1893 (s)	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Lucien J. Fenton (Republican) 67.6% ▌John O. Yates (Democratic) 32.4%
Ohio 11	Charles H. Grosvenor	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles H. Grosvenor (Republican) 64.1% ▌Eli R. Lash (Democratic) 35.9%
Ohio 12	Joseph H. Outhwaite	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y David K. Watson (Republican) 52.2% ▌Joseph H. Outhwaite (Democratic) 47.8%
Ohio 13	Darius D. Hare	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Stephen Ross Harris (Republican) 50.9% ▌Boston G. Young (Democratic) 49.1%
Ohio 14	Michael D. Harter	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Winfield S. Kerr (Republican) 59.9% ▌James C. Laser (Democratic) 40.1%
Ohio 15	H. Clay Van Voorhis	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y H. Clay Van Voorhis (Republican) 61.6% ▌Charles Richardson (Democratic) 38.4%
Ohio 16	Albert J. Pearson	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Lorenzo Danford (Republican) 62.9% ▌Albert O. Barnes (Democratic) 37.1%
Ohio 17	James A. D. Richards	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Addison S. McClure (Republican) 52.3% ▌James A. D. Richards (Democratic) 47.7%
Ohio 18	George P. Ikirt	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Robert W. Tayler (Republican) 51.0% ▌Edward S. Raff (Democratic) 27.1% ▌Jacob S. Coxey Sr. (Populist) 21.9%
Ohio 19	Stephen A. Northway	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Stephen A. Northway (Republican) 75.7% ▌Henry Apthorp (Democratic) 24.3%
Ohio 20	William J. White	Republican	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Clifton B. Beach (Republican) 67.5% ▌H. B. Harrington (Democratic) 32.5%
Ohio 21	Tom L. Johnson	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Theodore E. Burton (Republican) 57.5% ▌Tom L. Johnson (Democratic) 42.5%

Oregon

See also: List of United States representatives from Oregon

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oregon 1	Binger Hermann	Republican	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Binger Hermann (Republican) 47.62% ▌Charles Miller (Populist) 26.99% ▌J. K. Weatherford (Democratic) 23.08% ▌John D. Hurst (Prohibition) 2.31%^[28]
Oregon 2	William R. Ellis	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William R. Ellis (Republican) 47.89% ▌Joseph Waldrop (Populist) 27.27% ▌James H. Raley (Democratic) 22.87% ▌A. F. Miller (Prohibition) 1.97%^[29]

Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

See also: List of United States representatives from Rhode Island

South Carolina

Main article: 1894 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina

See also: List of United States representatives from South Carolina

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 1	James F. Izlar	Democratic	1894 (special)	Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.	▌ Y William Elliott (Democratic) 59.1% ▌George W. Murray (Republican) 40.9%^[30]
	George W. Murray Redistricted from the 7th district	Republican	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896.^[31]
South Carolina 2	W. Jasper Talbert	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y W. Jasper Talbert (Democratic) 99.5% Others 0.5%
South Carolina 3	Asbury Latimer	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Asbury Latimer (Democratic) 81.3% ▌Robert Moorman (Republican) 13.9% Others 4.8%
South Carolina 4	George W. Shell	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Stanyarne Wilson (Democratic) 75.1% ▌Lawson D. Melton (Republican) 24.7% Others 0.2%
South Carolina 5	Thomas J. Strait	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas J. Strait (Democratic) 67.6% ▌G. G. Alexander (Republican) 17.0% ▌W. R. Davie (Independent) 12.8% Others 2.6%
South Carolina 6	John L. McLaurin	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John L. McLaurin (Democratic) 76.9% ▌J. P. Wilson (Republican) 23.1%
South Carolina 7	None (New district)			New district. Democratic gain. The election was voided on June 1, 1896, due to electoral fraud.	▌ Y J. William Stokes (Democratic) 73.0% ▌T. B. Johnson (Republican) 26.3% Others 0.7%

South Dakota

See also: List of United States representatives from South Dakota

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Dakota at-large 2 seats	John Pickler	Republican	1889	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Robert J. Gamble (Republican) 26.44% ▌ Y John Pickler (Republican) 26.40% ▌John E. Kelley (Independent) 17.79% ▌Freeman Knowles (Independent) 17.77% ▌William A. Lynch (Democratic) 5.27% ▌Roger F. Connor (Democratic) 5.23% ▌Roger F. Connor (Prohibition) 0.57%^[32]
	William V. Lucas	Republican	1892	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.

Tennessee

See also: List of United States representatives from Tennessee

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Tennessee 1	Alfred A. Taylor	Republican	1888	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William C. Anderson (Republican) 61.66% ▌Thad A. Cox (Democratic) 29.23% ▌R. S. Cheves (Prohibition) 9.11%^[33]
Tennessee 2	John C. Houk	Republican	1891 (special)	Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Henry R. Gibson (Republican) 53.24% ▌John C. Houk (Ind. Republican) 43.31% ▌Jonathan M. Meek (Populist) 2.10% ▌W. G. Olinger (Prohibition) 1.36%^[34]
Tennessee 3	Henry C. Snodgrass	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Foster V. Brown (Republican) 52.15% ▌Henry C. Snodgrass (Democratic) 42.74% ▌Frank P. Dickey (Prohibition) 5.11%^[35]
Tennessee 4	Benton McMillin	Democratic	1878	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Benton McMillin (Democratic) 54.18% ▌J. A. Denton (Republican) 45.83%^[36]
Tennessee 5	James D. Richardson	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James D. Richardson (Democratic) 53.70% ▌W. W. Erwin (Populist) 44.80% ▌R. S. Montgomery (Republican) 1.50%^[37]
Tennessee 6	Joseph E. Washington	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph E. Washington (Democratic) 53.97% ▌Tip Gamble (Republican) 23.05% ▌T. W. Lewis (Populist) 22.98%^[38]
Tennessee 7	Nicholas N. Cox	Democratic	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Nicholas N. Cox (Democratic) 52.57% ▌H. F. Farris (Republican) 36.78% ▌J. K. Blackburn (Populist) 10.65%^[39]
Tennessee 8	Benjamin A. Enloe	Democratic	1886	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y John E. McCall (Republican) 51.62% ▌Benjamin A. Enloe (Democratic) 48.38%^[40]
Tennessee 9	James C. McDearmon	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James C. McDearmon (Democratic) 57.12% ▌Atwood Pierson (Populist) 42.88%^[41]
Tennessee 10	Josiah Patterson	Democratic	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Josiah Patterson (Democratic) 66.12% ▌J. W. Brown (Republican) 19.43% ▌R. J. Rawlings (Populist) 14.45%^[42]

Texas

See also: List of United States representatives from Texas

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Texas 1	Joseph C. Hutcheson	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph C. Hutcheson (Democratic) 55.01% ▌J. J. Burroughs (Populist) 37.01% ▌L. E. Dunns (Republican) 7.98%^[43]
Texas 2	Samuel B. Cooper	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Samuel B. Cooper (Democratic) 59.27% ▌B. A. Calhoun (Populist) 40.73%^[44]
Texas 3	Constantine B. Kilgore	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y C. H. Yoakum (Democratic) 55.47% ▌J. M. Perdue (Populist) 44.53%^[45]
Texas 4	Benton McMillin	Democratic	1874	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y David B. Culberson (Democratic) 49.29% ▌James H. Davis (Populist) 45.35% ▌H. S. Sanderson (Republican) 5.37%^[46]
Texas 5	Joseph W. Bailey	Democratic	1890	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph W. Bailey (Democratic) 56.71% ▌N. W. Browder (Populist) 38.93% ▌W. S. Farmer (Republican) 4.36%^[47]
Texas 6	Jo Abbott	Democratic	1886	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jo Abbott (Democratic) 49.23% ▌Jerome Kearby (Populist) 48.38% ▌B. O. James (Republican) 2.39%^[48]
Texas 7	George C. Pendleton	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George C. Pendleton (Democratic) 52.41% ▌I. N. Barber (Populist) 47.59%^[49]
Texas 8	Charles K. Bell	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles K. Bell (Democratic) 50.58% ▌C. H. Jenkins (Populist) 49.42%^[50]
Texas 9	Joseph D. Sayers	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph D. Sayers (Democratic) 52.67% ▌W. O. Hutchison (Populist) 47.33%^[51]
Texas 10	Walter Gresham	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Miles Crowley (Democratic) 39.41% ▌A. J. Rosenthal (Republican) 35.19% ▌J. C. McBride (Populist) 25.40%^[52]
Texas 11	William H. Crain	Democratic	1884	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William H. Crain (Democratic) 52.73% ▌V. Weldon (Republican) 47.27%^[53]
Texas 12	Thomas M. Paschal	Democratic	1892	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y George H. Noonan (Republican) 43.41% ▌A. W. Houston (Democratic) 40.09% ▌A. V. Gates (Populist) 16.50%^[54]
Texas 13	Jeremiah V. Cockrell	Democratic	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Jeremiah V. Cockrell (Democratic) 39.82% ▌D. B. Gilliland (Populist) 38.75% ▌J. M. Dean (Ind. Democratic) 16.81% ▌R. J. Rawlings (Republican) 4.62%^[55]

Vermont

See also: List of United States representatives from Vermont

Virginia

See also: List of United States representatives from Virginia

Washington

See also: List of United States representatives from Washington

West Virginia

See also: List of United States representatives from West Virginia

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
West Virginia 1	John O. Pendleton	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Blackburn B. Dovener (Republican) 53.40% ▌John A. Howard (Democratic) 42.52% ▌John E. Stealey (Populist) 2.15% ▌J. Howard Holt (Prohibition) 1.93%^[56]
West Virginia 2	William Lyne Wilson	Democratic	1882	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Alston G. Dayton (Republican) 51.83% ▌William Lyne Wilson (Democratic) 47.30% ▌John T. Jarmey (Populist) 0.74% ▌Ulysses A. Clayton (Prohibition) 0.12%^[57]
West Virginia 3	John D. Alderson	Democratic	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y James H. Huling (Republican) 53.51% ▌John D. Alderson (Democratic) 44.57% ▌Samuel A. Houston (Populist) 1.85% ▌A.D. McBrowning (Prohibition) 0.08%^[58]
West Virginia 4	James Capehart	Democratic	1890	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Warren Miller (Republican) 52.00% ▌Thomas H. Harvey (Democratic) 44.38% ▌Sampson H. Piersol (Populist) 3.55% ▌W. H. Shaw (Prohibition) 0.08%^[59]

Wisconsin

See also: List of United States representatives from Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894.^[8][60]

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wisconsin 1	Henry Allen Cooper	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Henry Allen Cooper (Republican) 56.7% ▌Andrew Kull (Democratic) 31.8% ▌Hamilton Utley (Populist) 7.3% ▌Alex S. Kaye (Prohibition) 7.3%
Wisconsin 2	Charles Barwig	Democratic	1888	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Edward Sauerhering (Republican) 47.9% ▌Charles Barwig (Democratic) 47.2% ▌J. J. Sutton (Prohibition) 3.8% ▌B. W. Hewitt (Populist) 1.2%
Wisconsin 3	Joseph W. Babcock	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Joseph W. Babcock (Republican) 58.2% ▌Cyrus M. Butt (Democratic) 38.2% ▌John C. Martin (Prohibition) 3.6%
Wisconsin 4	Peter J. Somers	Democratic	1893	Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Theobald Otjen (Republican) 47.9% ▌David Stuart Rose (Democratic) 33.0% ▌Henry Smith (Populist) 19.2%
Wisconsin 5	George H. Brickner	Democratic	1888	Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Samuel S. Barney (Republican) 52.6% ▌Henry Blank (Democratic) 36.7% ▌Fred C. Runge (Populist) 10.7%
Wisconsin 6	Owen A. Wells	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Samuel A. Cook (Republican) 55.8% ▌Owen A. Wells (Democratic) 38.3% ▌Riley S. Bishop (Populist) 3.4% ▌Byron E. Van Keuren (Prohibition) 2.5%
Wisconsin 7	George B. Shaw	Republican	1892	Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Michael Griffin (Republican) 57.4% ▌George W. Levis (Democratic) 32.8% ▌Clement H. Van Worner (Populist) 5.3% ▌Edward Berg (Prohibition) 4.1% ▌William F. Button (Independent) 0.4%
Wisconsin 8	Lyman E. Barnes	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Edward S. Minor (Republican) 54.2% ▌Lyman E. Barnes (Democratic) 42.3% ▌John Faville (Prohibition) 2.6% ▌Andrew J. Larabee (Populist) 0.9%
Wisconsin 9	Thomas Lynch	Democratic	1890	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Alexander Stewart (Republican) 56.0% ▌Thomas Lynch (Democratic) 36.7% ▌John F. Miles (Populist) 5.4% ▌John J. Sherman (Prohibition) 1.9%
Wisconsin 10	Nils P. Haugen	Republican	1892	Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y John J. Jenkins (Republican) 57.9% ▌E. C. Kennedy (Democratic) 26.4% ▌William Munro (Populist) 11.2% ▌John Holt (Prohibition) 4.5%

Wyoming

Main article: 1894 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming

See also: List of United States representatives from Wyoming

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Wyoming at-large	Henry A. Coffeen	Democratic	1892	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Frank W. Mondell (Republican) 52.64% ▌Henry A. Coffeen (Democratic) 32.17% ▌Shakespeare E. Sealey (Populist) 15.19%^[61]

Non-voting delegates

Oklahoma Territory

See also: List of United States representatives from Oklahoma

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oklahoma Territory at-large	Dennis T. Flynn	Republican	1892	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Dennis T. Flynn (Republican) 42.17% ▌R. Beaumont^[j] (Populist) 32.97% ▌Joseph Wisby (Democratic) 24.86%^[62]

See also

• 1894 United States elections
  • 1894–95 United States Senate elections
• 53rd United States Congress
• 54th United States Congress

Notes

1. Three states held early elections between June 4 and September 10.
2. Not including special elections
3. Includes late elections.
4. Includes two vacancies.
5. Martis's figure includes Utah, which held its election in 1895 and is therefore not covered in this article.^[1]
6. Dubin (p. 312) counts 244 Republicans, 105 Democrats, 7 Populists, and 1 Silver at the opening of the 54th Congress, before the results of several contested elections were overturned in favor of Republican (and a few Populist) candidates. Dubin counts 253 Republicans, 93 Democrats, 9 Populists, and 1 Silver at the start of the 2nd session of the 54th Congress, which closely matches Martis' figure (pp. 148–49). Dubin's figure includes Utah, which held its election in 1895 and is therefore not covered in this article.
7. Includes five vacancies.
8. Populists won 9 seats and Silver won 1.
9. Elections held early.
10. Full name unavailable.

References

1. Martis, pp. 148–49.
2. "Senate and House Secured; Republican Control in the Next Congress Assured". The New York Times. November 9, 1894. p. 5.
3. . Archived from the original on June 22, 2006. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
4. Murphy, Paul (1974). Political Parties In American History, Volume 3, 1890-present. G. P. Putnam's Sons.
5. Jensen (1971), Chap. 9.
6. "Our Campaigns - VA - District 07 Special Election Race - Jan 30, 1894". Our Campaigns.
7. "NY - District 14 - History". Our Campaigns.
8. (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2022 – via Wayback Machine.
9. "Our Campaigns - DE District At Large Race - Nov 06, 1894". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
10. "ID At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
11. "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
12. "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
13. "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
14. "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
15. "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
16. "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
17. "MS - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
18. "MT At-Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
19. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 6, 1894". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
20. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 6, 1894". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
21. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 6, 1894". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
22. "Our Campaigns - NE - District 04 Race - Nov 6, 1894". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 26, 2021.

January 01, 1970