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The 1534 papal conclave (October 11 – October 13) was convened after the death of Pope Clement VII, and elected as his successor Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, who became Pope Paul III.
Although several Cardinals were considered papabili, it was generally thought that Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, dean of the Sacred College, had the best prospects for the election.[1] He had already official support of the king Francis I of France and of Cardinal Medici, leader of Italian party, who realized this way the will of his uncle Clement VII,[2] but, as neutral, he was also acceptable for the Imperial faction. Emperor Charles V declared this time a total disinterest in the result of the papal election, because the last two Popes, Clement VII and Adrian VI, whom he had helped to obtain the tiara, failed his hopes. The great advantage of the Cardinal Dean was his relatively advanced age (66) and poor health. It indicated that his pontificate would be very short, so even those cardinals, who themselves had papal ambitions (f.e. Trivulzio), inclined to vote for him, hoping for the next conclave in the near future.[3]
The election of Pope Paul IIIedit
Conclave began on October 11, but the first electoral assembly took place on the next day. Cardinal de Lorraine in the name of king of France officially proposed the candidature of Farnese, and this initiative immediately obtained the support of Trivulzio, leader of pro-French Italians, and of Medici, leader of the Italian party. The consent of Imperialists was also quickly achieved, and in the evening it was clear that Alessandro Farnese would be elected unanimously.[4] On October 13 in the morning a formal scrutiny took place, but it was a mere formality: Farnese received all votes except of his own.[5] He accepted his election and took the name of Paul III. On November 3 he was solemnly crowned by ProtodeaconInnocenzo Cibo.[6]
List of participantsedit
Pope Clement VII died on September 25, 1534. At the time of his death, there were forty six Cardinals, but only thirty five of them participated in the election of his successor:[7]
Antonio Sanseverino, O.S.Io.Hieros. (November 21, 1527) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere; Archbishop of Taranto; Cardinal-protector of the Order of Capuchins
Philippe de la Chambre, O.S.B. (November 7, 1533) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. Martino ai Monti
Innocenzo Cibo (September 23, 1513) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Domnica; Protodeacon of Sacred College of Cardinals; Archbishop of Genoa; Administrator of Turin; Legate in Bologna
Paolo Emilio Cesi (July 1, 1517) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Eustachio; Administrator of Orte e Civita Castellana; Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica; Prefect of the Apostolic Signature; Cardinal-protector of the Duchy of Savoy
Agostino Trivulzio (July 1, 1517) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Adriano; Administrator of Toulon and Bayeux; Legate in Marittima e Capmagna
Francesco Pisani (July 1, 1517) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Marco; commendatario of S. Maria in Portico and S. Agata in Suburba; Bishop of Padua; Administrator of Treviso and Cittànova
Twenty electors were created by Clement VII and thirteen of Leo X. Cardinal Dean Farnese was created by Alexander VI, while Cardinal Lang von Wellenberg by Julius II.
Absenteesedit
Eleven Cardinals did not participate in this conclave:[7]
Italian party – it grouped ten Italian Cardinals (Pucci, Salviati, Ridolfi, Medici, Cibo, Spinola, Grimaldi, Cupis, Cesi and Doria). Their leader was Vice-Chancellor Ippolito de' Medici, Cardinal-nephew of Clement VII.
French party – it included six French Cardinals and five Italians (Trivulzio, Sanseverino, Pisani, Gaddi and Palmieri). The leaders of this party were de Lorraine and Tournon.
Imperial faction – included seven Italians (Piccolomini, Cesarini, Vincenzo Carafa, Ercole Gonzaga, Campeggio, Grimani and Accolti) as well as two Spanish and two German Cardinals.
Cardinals Farnese, Ferreri and Cornaro were considered neutral.[8]
^Valérie Pirie: „The Triple Crown: An Account of the Papal Conclaves”.[unreliable source?] Contrary to these expectations, the pontificate of Paul III lasted fifteen years and was the longest in the 16th century. He died on November 10, 1549 at the age of 81.
^ abList of participants of the conclave of 1534 (by Salvador Miranda), with correction offered by L. Pastor, p. 7 concerning the participation of cardinals Gaddi and Cles (S. Miranda lists them as absentees). Information about titles and offices held by Cardinals according to their biographical entries on Essay of a General List of Cardinals by Salvador Miranda
1534, papal, conclave, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, provides, insufficient, context, those, unfamiliar, with, subject, please, help, i. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject Please help improve the article by providing more context for the reader April 2016 Learn how and when to remove this message This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article April 2016 Learn how and when to remove this message The 1534 papal conclave October 11 October 13 was convened after the death of Pope Clement VII and elected as his successor Cardinal Alessandro Farnese who became Pope Paul III Papal conclaveOctober 1534Dates and location11 13 October 1534Cappella Parva Apostolic Palace Papal StatesKey officialsDeanAlessandro FarneseSub deanGiovanni PiccolominiCamerlengoAgostino SpinolaProtopriestFrancesco CornaroProtodeaconInnocenzo CyboElectionBallots1Elected popeAlessandro FarneseName taken Paul III 15231549 50 Contents 1 Candidates to the papacy 2 The election of Pope Paul III 3 List of participants 4 Absentees 5 Divisions among Cardinals 6 See also 7 References 8 SourcesCandidates to the papacy edit nbsp Cardinal Ippolito de Medici Although several Cardinals were considered papabili it was generally thought that Cardinal Alessandro Farnese dean of the Sacred College had the best prospects for the election 1 He had already official support of the king Francis I of France and of Cardinal Medici leader of Italian party who realized this way the will of his uncle Clement VII 2 but as neutral he was also acceptable for the Imperial faction Emperor Charles V declared this time a total disinterest in the result of the papal election because the last two Popes Clement VII and Adrian VI whom he had helped to obtain the tiara failed his hopes The great advantage of the Cardinal Dean was his relatively advanced age 66 and poor health It indicated that his pontificate would be very short so even those cardinals who themselves had papal ambitions f e Trivulzio inclined to vote for him hoping for the next conclave in the near future 3 The election of Pope Paul III editConclave began on October 11 but the first electoral assembly took place on the next day Cardinal de Lorraine in the name of king of France officially proposed the candidature of Farnese and this initiative immediately obtained the support of Trivulzio leader of pro French Italians and of Medici leader of the Italian party The consent of Imperialists was also quickly achieved and in the evening it was clear that Alessandro Farnese would be elected unanimously 4 On October 13 in the morning a formal scrutiny took place but it was a mere formality Farnese received all votes except of his own 5 He accepted his election and took the name of Paul III On November 3 he was solemnly crowned by Protodeacon Innocenzo Cibo 6 List of participants editPope Clement VII died on September 25 1534 At the time of his death there were forty six Cardinals but only thirty five of them participated in the election of his successor 7 Alessandro Farnese created Cardinal on September 20 1493 Cardinal Bishop of Ostia e Velletri commendatario of S Eustachio Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals Bishop of Parma and Bishop of Saint Pons de Thomieres Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica Giovanni Piccolomini July 1 1517 Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina Sub dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals Giovanni Domenico de Cupis July 1 1517 Cardinal Bishop of Sabina commendatario of S Lorenzo in Lucina Bishop of Nardo Administrator of Trani Macerata e Recanati Adria and Montepeloso Bonifacio Ferrero July 1 1517 Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina Lorenzo Campeggio July 1 1517 Cardinal Bishop of Albano Administrator of Salisbury Porenza and Crete Cardinal protector of England Francesco Cornaro December 20 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Ciriaco alla Terme Archpriest of the Sacred College of Cardinals Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica Matthew Lang von Wellenberg March 10 1511 Cardinal Priest of S Angelo in Pescheria Archbishop of Salzburg Bishop of Cartagena Louis de Bourbon de Vendome July 1 1517 Cardinal Priest of S Sabina Bishop of Laon Administrator of Le Mans Benedetto Accolti the Younger May 3 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Eusebio Archbishop of Ravenna Administrator of Cremona Policastro and Bovino Cardinal protector of Spain Agostino Spinola May 3 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Apollinare Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church Administrator of Savona Marino Grimani May 3 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Marcello Administrator of Ceneda Concordia and Citta di Castello Antonio Sanseverino O S Io Hieros November 21 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Maria in Trastevere Archbishop of Taranto Cardinal protector of the Order of Capuchins Gianvincenzo Carafa November 21 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Pudenziana Administrator of Anglona Andrea Matteo Palmieri November 21 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Clemente Administrator of Lucera Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals Francisco de Quinones December 7 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Croce in Gerusalemme Governor of Veroli and Campagna Ippolito de Medici January 10 1529 Cardinal Priest of S Lorenzo in Damaso Vice Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church Archbishop of Avignon Administrator of Monreale and Lecce Legate in Marche Francois de Tournon March 9 1530 Cardinal Priest of SS Marcellino e Pietro Archbishop of Bourges Bernhard von Cles March 9 1530 Cardinal Priest of S Stefano al Monte Celio Bishop of Trent president of the Imperial Secret Council Antonio Pucci September 22 1531 Cardinal Priest of SS IV Coronati Grand penitentiary Bishop of Pistoia and Vannes Cardinal protector of Poland and Portugal Esteban Gabriel Merino February 21 1533 Cardinal Priest of SS Giovanni e Paolo Patriarch of the West Indies Bishop of Jaen Jean Le Veneur November 7 1533 Cardinal Priest of S Bartolomeo all Isola Bishop of Lisieux Philippe de la Chambre O S B November 7 1533 Cardinal Priest of SS Martino ai Monti Innocenzo Cibo September 23 1513 Cardinal Deacon of S Maria in Domnica Protodeacon of Sacred College of Cardinals Archbishop of Genoa Administrator of Turin Legate in Bologna Paolo Emilio Cesi July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Eustachio Administrator of Orte e Civita Castellana Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica Prefect of the Apostolic Signature Cardinal protector of the Duchy of Savoy Alessandro Cesarini July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Maria in Via Lata Administrator of Pampeluna Gerace and Otranto Giovanni Salviati July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Cosma e Damiano Administrator of Santa Severina Ferrara Teano and Bitetto Nicolo Ridolfi July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Maria in Cosmedin Administrator of Vicenza Imola and Salerno Agostino Trivulzio July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Adriano Administrator of Toulon and Bayeux Legate in Marittima e Capmagna Francesco Pisani July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of S Marco commendatario of S Maria in Portico and S Agata in Suburba Bishop of Padua Administrator of Treviso and Cittanova Jean de Lorraine May 28 1518 Cardinal Deacon of S Onofrio Bishop of Metz Administrator of Narbonne Reims and Verdun Ercole Gonzaga May 3 1527 Cardinal Deacon of S Maria Nuova Bishop of Mantua Governor of Tivoli Cardinal protector of Spain Girolamo Grimaldi November 21 1527 Cardinal Deacon of S Giorgio in Velabro Administrator of Bari Brugnato and Venafro Girolamo Doria January 1529 Cardinal Deacon of S Tommaso in Parione Administrator of Noli and Tarragona Niccolo Gaddi May 3 1527 Cardinal Deacon of S Teodoro Bishop of Fermo Administrator of Cosenza and Sarlat Cardinal protector of France Odet de Coligny de Chatillon November 7 1533 Cardinal Deacon of SS Sergio e Bacco Administrator of Toulouse Twenty electors were created by Clement VII and thirteen of Leo X Cardinal Dean Farnese was created by Alexander VI while Cardinal Lang von Wellenberg by Julius II Absentees editEleven Cardinals did not participate in this conclave 7 Francois Guillaume de Castelnau Clermont Lodeve November 29 1503 Cardinal Bishop of Frascati Archbishop of Auch Bishop of Agde Legate in Avignon Albert of Mainz March 24 1518 Cardinal Priest of S Pietro in Vincoli Archbishop of Mainz Archbishop of Magdeburg Administrator of Halberstadt Erard de La Marck August 9 1520 Cardinal Priest of S Crisogono Bishop of Liege Administrator of Valencia Antoine du Prat November 21 1527 Cardinal Priest of S Anastasia Archbishop of Sens Administrator of Albi and Meaux Chancellor of the Kingdom of France Louis de Gorrevod March 9 1530 Cardinal Priest of S Cesareo in Palatio Bishop of Bourg en Bresse Papal Legate in the Duchy of Savoy Garcia de Loaysa O P March 9 1530 Cardinal Priest of S Anastasia Bishop of Siguenza president of Consejo Real y Supremo de las Indias Inigo Lopez de Mendoza y Zuniga March 9 1530 Cardinal Priest of S Nicola in Carcere Tulliano Bishop of Burgos Alonso Manrique de Lara February 22 1531 Cardinal Priest of SS XII Apostoli Archbishop of Seville Grand Inquisitor of Spain Juan Pardo de Tavera February 22 1531 Cardinal Priest of S Giovanni a Porta Latina Archbishop of Toledo president of the Royal Council of Spain Claude de Longwy de Givry November 7 1533 Cardinal Priest of S Agnese in Agone Administrator of Poitiers and Langres Alfonso de Portugal July 1 1517 Cardinal Deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio Archbishop of Lisbon and Evora Seven absentees were creatures of Clement VII three of Leo X and one of Julius II Divisions among Cardinals editCollege of Cardinals was divided into three factions 8 Italian party it grouped ten Italian Cardinals Pucci Salviati Ridolfi Medici Cibo Spinola Grimaldi Cupis Cesi and Doria Their leader was Vice Chancellor Ippolito de Medici Cardinal nephew of Clement VII French party it included six French Cardinals and five Italians Trivulzio Sanseverino Pisani Gaddi and Palmieri The leaders of this party were de Lorraine and Tournon Imperial faction included seven Italians Piccolomini Cesarini Vincenzo Carafa Ercole Gonzaga Campeggio Grimani and Accolti as well as two Spanish and two German Cardinals Cardinals Farnese Ferreri and Cornaro were considered neutral 8 See also editList of popesReferences edit L Pastor p 9 10 L Pastor p 9 Valerie Pirie The Triple Crown An Account of the Papal Conclaves unreliable source Contrary to these expectations the pontificate of Paul III lasted fifteen years and was the longest in the 16th century He died on November 10 1549 at the age of 81 L Pastor p 13 L Pastor p 14 Miranda Salvador FARNESE seniore Alessandro 1468 1549 The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Florida International University OCLC 53276621 a b List of participants of the conclave of 1534 by Salvador Miranda with correction offered by L Pastor p 7 concerning the participation of cardinals Gaddi and Cles S Miranda lists them as absentees Information about titles and offices held by Cardinals according to their biographical entries on Essay of a General List of Cardinals by Salvador Miranda a b L Pastor p 7 8Sources editList of participants of papal conclave of 1534 by Salvador Miranda Valerie Pirie The Triple Crown An Account of the Papal Conclaves Paul III Farnese unreliable source Vatican History L Pastor History of the Popes vol XI London 1912 available here Portals nbsp Catholicism nbsp Christianity nbsp Vatican City1534 papal conclave at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Definitions from Wiktionary nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Quotations from Wikiquote nbsp Texts from Wikisource nbsp Textbooks from Wikibooks nbsp Resources from Wikiversity nbsp Data from Wikidata Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1534 papal conclave amp oldid 1195907743, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
