The Colonial School (French: École coloniale, also known colloquially as la Colo) was a French public higher education institution or grande école, created in Paris in 1889 to provide training for public servants and administrators of the French colonial empire. It also was a center for research in geography, anthropology, ethnology and other scientific endeavors with a focus on French-administered territories.[1]
Façade of the Colonial School building on avenue de l'Observatoire in Paris
As France's overseas possessions changed and shrank, the school was restructured and renamed on several occasions: in 1934 as École nationale de la France d'outre-mer (ENFOM, "National School of Overseas France"), in 1959 as Institut des hautes études d'Outre-Mer (IHEOM, "Institute of Higher Overseas Studies"), and in 1966 as Institut international d’administration publique (IIAP, "International Institute of Public Administration"). It had students from both Metropolitan France and its overseas possessions and colonies. Its latest incarnation, the IIAP, was sometimes referred to as "the foreigners' ENA" with reference to France's École nationale d'administration,[2] and was eventually merged into ENA in 2002.
Auguste Pavie (third from left, standing) and Pierre Lefèvre-Pontalis in 1893 with Cambodian interpreters trained at the École coloniale.
In 1885, explorer and administrator Auguste Pavie created a training program for native employees of the telegraph service in French Cambodia, which took the name of mission cambodgienne ("Cambodian mission"). This was succeeded in 1889 by the Colonial School as a fully-fledged establishment for the professional education of colonial services staff. Its creation, supported by State Councillor Paul Dislère [fr], was the first successful effort to create a permanent establishment specifically for the training of French civil servants, thus prefiguring both ENA and the French National School for the Judiciary.[3]: 273
African students were admitted from 1892 alongside the Cambodian class, and soon later, students from Metropolitan France as well.[3]
The school's building in Paris, on 2 avenue de l'Observatoire near the Jardin du Luxembourg, was designed by architect Maurice Yvon [de] and built from 1895 to 1911.[4] The Colonial School moved there in 1896 after having been located during its first few years on rue Jacob.[3]: 272
It is a prime exemplar of French colonialMoorish Revival architecture, with inspiration principally from Moroccan architecture, and used to be known colloquially as the "old mosque" since it predated the Grand Mosque of Paris, built in a similar style.[3]: 272 Its decorative features include works by painters Charles Lameire [fr], Gabriel-Charles Deneux [fr] and Claude Bourgonnier [fr], and by ceramic artist Jules Paul Loebnitz [fr].[5][6]
The building was successively the seat of ENFOM, IHEOM, and IIAP including after the latter's absorption by ENA in 2002. Some of the building's decoration evoking colonial glories was deemed inappropriate and removed in the 1970s.[2]
In 2007, Sciences Po acquired ENA's Parisian campus on the rue de l'Université, and ENA made the Colonial School building its sole Parisian location at the end of that year. On 1 January 2022, ENA was in turn replaced by the Institut national du service public, which kept the Colonial School building as its Paris campus.
Main portal on avenue de l'Observatoire
Ceramic detail displaying the date 1889 as reference to the school's creation
Corner with rue Auguste Comte, with adjacent Lycée Montaigne in the background
Main courtyard
Library with painted ceiling by Claude Bourgonnier
Leadership
Etienne Aymonier, first director of the Colonial School
^Norbert Dodille. "L'école coloniale". Université de la Réunion.
^ abNidam Abdi (22 March 1997). "L'Ecole des colonies, fantasme d'architecture. Il y a un siècle, la France coloniale bâtissait une folie néomauresque, rue de l'Observatoire à Paris". Libération.
^ abcdefArmelle Enders (1993), "L'école nationale de la France d'Outre-mer et la formation des administrateurs coloniaux", Revue d'Histoire Moderne & Contemporaine, 40–2: 272–288
^"Ecole Nationale d'Administration Publique - Paris 6e". Paris 1900.
^"Ancienne école coloniale". Pariscosmop. 29 May 2021.
^"Esquisse du plafond de l'Ecole coloniale". Musée d'Orsay.
^Louis Vignon (1919), Un programme politique coloniale. Les questions indigènes, Paris: Plon
^Bernard Le Calloc'h; Gyula Batâri (1992), "Un bibliothécaire original : Alexandre Csoma de Kôrôs", Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, 79:296 (296): 341–365, doi:10.3406/outre.1992.3018
^ abCharles-Robert Ageron (1990), "Les colonies devant l'opinion publique française (1919-1939)", Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer, 77:286 (286): 31–73, doi:10.3406/outre.1990.2759
^Thomas Deltombe, Manuel Domergue, Jacob Tatsitsa, François Gèze, Ambroise Kom, Achille Mbembe et Odile Tobner (4 October 2011). "La guerre coloniale du Cameroun a bien eu lieu". Le Monde. Retrieved 6 October 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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The Colonial School French Ecole coloniale also known colloquially as la Colo was a French public higher education institution or grande ecole created in Paris in 1889 to provide training for public servants and administrators of the French colonial empire It also was a center for research in geography anthropology ethnology and other scientific endeavors with a focus on French administered territories 1 Facade of the Colonial School building on avenue de l Observatoire in Paris As France s overseas possessions changed and shrank the school was restructured and renamed on several occasions in 1934 as Ecole nationale de la France d outre mer ENFOM National School of Overseas France in 1959 as Institut des hautes etudes d Outre Mer IHEOM Institute of Higher Overseas Studies and in 1966 as Institut international d administration publique IIAP International Institute of Public Administration It had students from both Metropolitan France and its overseas possessions and colonies Its latest incarnation the IIAP was sometimes referred to as the foreigners ENA with reference to France s Ecole nationale d administration 2 and was eventually merged into ENA in 2002 Contents 1 Background 2 Building 3 Leadership 3 1 Directors 3 2 Selected faculty 4 Selected alumni 5 See also 6 ReferencesBackground Edit Auguste Pavie third from left standing and Pierre Lefevre Pontalis in 1893 with Cambodian interpreters trained at the Ecole coloniale In 1885 explorer and administrator Auguste Pavie created a training program for native employees of the telegraph service in French Cambodia which took the name of mission cambodgienne Cambodian mission This was succeeded in 1889 by the Colonial School as a fully fledged establishment for the professional education of colonial services staff Its creation supported by State Councillor Paul Dislere fr was the first successful effort to create a permanent establishment specifically for the training of French civil servants thus prefiguring both ENA and the French National School for the Judiciary 3 273 African students were admitted from 1892 alongside the Cambodian class and soon later students from Metropolitan France as well 3 In 1927 classes preparatoires were created at both Lycee Louis le Grand and Lycee Henri IV to prepare future students of the Colonial School and the latter s training was made free of charge in 1931 Building EditThe school s building in Paris on 2 avenue de l Observatoire near the Jardin du Luxembourg was designed by architect Maurice Yvon de and built from 1895 to 1911 4 The Colonial School moved there in 1896 after having been located during its first few years on rue Jacob 3 272 It is a prime exemplar of French colonial Moorish Revival architecture with inspiration principally from Moroccan architecture and used to be known colloquially as the old mosque since it predated the Grand Mosque of Paris built in a similar style 3 272 Its decorative features include works by painters Charles Lameire fr Gabriel Charles Deneux fr and Claude Bourgonnier fr and by ceramic artist Jules Paul Loebnitz fr 5 6 The building was successively the seat of ENFOM IHEOM and IIAP including after the latter s absorption by ENA in 2002 Some of the building s decoration evoking colonial glories was deemed inappropriate and removed in the 1970s 2 In 2007 Sciences Po acquired ENA s Parisian campus on the rue de l Universite and ENA made the Colonial School building its sole Parisian location at the end of that year On 1 January 2022 ENA was in turn replaced by the Institut national du service public which kept the Colonial School building as its Paris campus Main portal on avenue de l Observatoire Ceramic detail displaying the date 1889 as reference to the school s creation Corner with rue Auguste Comte with adjacent Lycee Montaigne in the background Main courtyard Library with painted ceiling by Claude BourgonnierLeadership Edit Etienne Aymonier first director of the Colonial School Directors Edit 1889 1905 Etienne Aymonier 1905 1917 Maurice Doubrere 1918 1926 Max Outrey 1926 1933 Georges Hardy 1933 1937 Henri Gourdon 1937 1946 Robert Delavignette 1946 1950 Paul Mus 1950 1959 Paul Bouteille 1959 1964 Francois Luchaire 1965 1974 Jean Baillou 1974 1982 Henri Roson 1982 1985 Gaston Olive 1985 1993 Jean Pierre Puissochet 1993 Michel Franc 1993 2001 Didier MausSelected faculty Edit Leopold Sedar Senghor taught at ENFOM then IHEOM from 1945 to 1960 Hubert Lyautey 3 274 Jules Brevie 3 274 Pierre Moussa Louis Vignon 7 Charles Andre Julien 8 Henri Brunschwig 9 Leopold Sedar Senghor 9 Selected alumni EditMax Jacob 1876 1944 French poet Felix Eboue 1884 1944 colonial administrator Sisavang Vong 1885 1959 King of Luang Prabang and of Laos Phetsarath Rattanavongsa 1890 1959 Prime Minister of Laos Raymond Dronne 1908 1991 French resistance fighter Pierre Messmer 1916 2007 French Prime Minister and colonial administrator Hamani Diori 1916 1989 first President of the Republic of Niger Gabriel Lisette 1919 2001 Chadian statesman Yves de Daruvar 1921 2018 French administrator Pierre Alexandre 1922 1994 French anthropologist Charles Assemekang 1926 Congolese politician Cheikh Hamidou Kane 1928 Senegalese writer Babacar Ba 1930 2006 Senegalese statesman Habib Thiam 1933 2017 Senegalese statesman Paul Biya 1933 president of Cameroon 10 Gervais Djondo 1934 Togolese entrepreneur Abdou Diouf 1935 second President of Senegal Adamou Ndam Njoya 1942 2020 Cameroonian politician Enrique Penalosa 1954 Mayor of Bogota Colombia Brahim Djamel Kassali 1954 Algerian Minister of FinanceSee also EditInstitut national des langues et civilisations orientales Archives nationales d outre merReferences Edit Norbert Dodille L ecole coloniale Universite de la Reunion a b Nidam Abdi 22 March 1997 L Ecole des colonies fantasme d architecture Il y a un siecle la France coloniale batissait une folie neomauresque rue de l Observatoire a Paris Liberation a b c d e f Armelle Enders 1993 L ecole nationale de la France d Outre mer et la formation des administrateurs coloniaux Revue d Histoire Moderne amp Contemporaine 40 2 272 288 Ecole Nationale d Administration Publique Paris 6e Paris 1900 Ancienne ecole coloniale Pariscosmop 29 May 2021 Esquisse du plafond de l Ecole coloniale Musee d Orsay Louis Vignon 1919 Un programme politique coloniale Les questions indigenes Paris Plon Bernard Le Calloc h Gyula Batari 1992 Un bibliothecaire original Alexandre Csoma de Koros Revue francaise d histoire d outre mer 79 296 296 341 365 doi 10 3406 outre 1992 3018 a b Charles Robert Ageron 1990 Les colonies devant l opinion publique francaise 1919 1939 Revue francaise d histoire d outre mer 77 286 286 31 73 doi 10 3406 outre 1990 2759 Thomas Deltombe Manuel Domergue Jacob Tatsitsa Francois Geze Ambroise Kom Achille Mbembe et Odile Tobner 4 October 2011 La guerre coloniale du Cameroun a bien eu lieu Le Monde Retrieved 6 October 2011 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Coordinates 48 50 38 N 2 20 11 E 48 84389 N 2 33639 E 48 84389 2 33639 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Colonial School Paris amp oldid 1137454456, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
