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Avinguda Diagonal

January 06, 2023

Avinguda Diagonal (Catalan pronunciation: [əβiŋˈɡuðə ði.əɣuˈnal], in Spanish Avenida Diagonal) is the name of one of Barcelona's broadest and most important avenues. It cuts the city in two, diagonally with respect to the grid pattern of the surrounding streets, hence the name.

Avinguda Diagonal
La Caixa Headquarters on Avinguda Diagonal
Length11 km (6.8 mi)
LocationBarcelona, Catalonia, Spain
Coordinates41°23′47″N 2°09′29″E / 41.39639°N 2.15806°E / 41.39639; 2.15806Coordinates: 41°23′47″N 2°09′29″E / 41.39639°N 2.15806°E / 41.39639; 2.15806
FromLes Corts
ToSant Martí

It was originally projected by engineer and urban planner Ildefons Cerdà as one of the city's wide avenues, which along with Avinguda Meridiana would cut the rationalist grid he designed for l'Eixample (Catalan for extension). Both would meet at Plaça de les Glòries Catalanes, which Cerdà envisioned as the new city centre. However, Plaça Catalunya, equally a new addition to the city of Barcelona, and connecting Ciutat Vella and Eixample, and therefore occupying a more privileged position in the urban area, would finally become the centre. Avinguda Diagonal remains to this day a much-transited avenue and many companies and hotels use it as a privileged location, as can be seen in its architecture.

The avenue starts in the Les Corts district on the western edge of the city and runs to the Sant Martí district on the eastern edge. To its west, it connects with the Lleida-Madrid highway and Ronda de Dalt in the neighbouring municipality of Esplugues de Llobregat. To its east, it meets the Ronda del Litoral on the border with the municipality of Sant Adrià de Besòs. It is consistently 50 metres (160 ft) wide and about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) long.

Name

The different regimes that held power in Catalonia and Spain during the 20th century sought to change the city's street names, and Avinguda Diagonal was permitted no exception. It has been known under the following names:

The name "Diagonal" has always prevailed in popular usage.

History

Early history

Ildefons Cerdà's so-called Pla Cerdà was not totally successful in transforming Barcelona's urban reality, as only parts of it were finally approved. The construction of Avinguda Diagonal is one of the projects it entailed that became reality, when a Royal Decree from Queen Isabella II of Spain and Leopoldo O'Donnell's Spanish government in Madrid allowed him to start the construction of the avenue in 1859. The city council of Barcelona had previously requested the approval of Antoni Rovira i Trias's alternative project instead, which had been rejected.

 
Apartment building on Avinguda Diagonal from the beginning of the 20th century

After the completion of its central section, from the current Plaça de Francesc Macià towards Glòries, it soon became one of Barcelona's most popular avenues and an ideal place for the Catalan aristocrats and bourgeoisie to exhibit their carriages. Francesc Cambó, leader of Lliga Regionalista proposed the construction of a new palace for the then monarch Alfonso XIII in 1919 (the royal palace in Ciutat Vella had been destroyed in the fire of 1875).

Recent history

Avinguda Diagonal suffered several attacks by the Basque separatist organisation ETA in 2000. On 2 November, a car bomb exploded injuring a security officer and a municipal officer. A few days later, on 21 November, a car used by the killers of Enerst Lluch exploded in the middle of the avenue. On 20 December a municipal officer was shot dead.[1]

Four venues in the area hosted competitions for the 1992 Summer Olympics.[2]

During 2010, Diagonal reform proposals were on the headlines, as the Barcelona city council had plans to make the tram cross the whole avenue. A popular consultation (the word referendum being banned by Spanish law) was scheduled for May 2010 between two reform proposals, the so-called rambla or boulevard. It resulted in a big political failure for the city mayor, Jordi Hereu. There was a bare participation of 12% of potential voters, and about 80% voted for the third option none of the former two, that is, against any change.[3]

Buildings and places of interest

 
Torre Agbar

Architecture

Shopping centres

  • L'Illa.
  • El Corte Inglés Avinguda Diagonal
  • El Corte Inglés Francesc Macià
  • Diagonal Mar
  • Glòries
  • Pedralbes Centre

Cinemas

  • CINESA Diagonal Mar
  • Boliche
  • CINESA Diagonal
  • Glòries Multicines

Education

Avinguda Diagonal is also home to several schools of both Universitat de Barcelona (UB) and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, in the area that is commonly known as Zona Universitària.

The following UB faculties and schools are located on the avenue:

  • Biology (Av. Diagonal, 645)
  • Chemical Engineering (Av. Diagonal, 647)
  • Chemistry (Av. Diagonal, 647)
  • Business school (Av. Diagonal, 696)
  • Economics (Av. Diagonal, 690)
  • Law (Av. Diagonal, 684)
  • Materials Engineering (Av. Diagonal, 647)
  • Physics (Av. Diagonal, 647)
 
Panoramic photograph of Avinguda Diagonal, Barcelona in January 2011

Transport

Metro

The avenue is served by a number of metro stations:

Tram

 
Trambaix line in front of L'Illa

Trambaix

Trambesòs

  • Glòries (T4, T5)
  • Ca L'Aranyó (T4)
  • Pere IV (T4)
  • Fluvià (T4)
  • Selva de Mar (T4)
  • El Maresme (T4)
  • Fòrum (T4)

See also

References

  1. ^ "Atentados de ETA desde la ruptura de la última tregua". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  2. ^ 1992 Summer Olympics official report. 28 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine Volume 2. pp. 209–28.
  3. ^ Opción C: Varapalo al alcalde Hereu a La Vanguardia 16 May 2010

Sources

  • ALBAREDA, Joaquim, GUÀRDIA, Manel i altres. Enciclopèdia de Barcelona, Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana, Barcelona, 2006.

External links

  • Article on Avinguda Diagonal by journalist Lluís Permanyer
  • Avinguda Diagonal at the tourism site of the city council.
  • .

January 06, 2023
avinguda, diagonal, catalan, pronunciation, əβiŋˈɡuðə, əɣuˈnal, spanish, avenida, diagonal, name, barcelona, broadest, most, important, avenues, cuts, city, diagonally, with, respect, grid, pattern, surrounding, streets, hence, name, caixa, headquarters, lengt. Avinguda Diagonal Catalan pronunciation ebiŋˈɡude di eɣuˈnal in Spanish Avenida Diagonal is the name of one of Barcelona s broadest and most important avenues It cuts the city in two diagonally with respect to the grid pattern of the surrounding streets hence the name Avinguda DiagonalLa Caixa Headquarters on Avinguda DiagonalLength11 km 6 8 mi LocationBarcelona Catalonia SpainCoordinates41 23 47 N 2 09 29 E 41 39639 N 2 15806 E 41 39639 2 15806 Coordinates 41 23 47 N 2 09 29 E 41 39639 N 2 15806 E 41 39639 2 15806FromLes CortsToSant MartiIt was originally projected by engineer and urban planner Ildefons Cerda as one of the city s wide avenues which along with Avinguda Meridiana would cut the rationalist grid he designed for l Eixample Catalan for extension Both would meet at Placa de les Glories Catalanes which Cerda envisioned as the new city centre However Placa Catalunya equally a new addition to the city of Barcelona and connecting Ciutat Vella and Eixample and therefore occupying a more privileged position in the urban area would finally become the centre Avinguda Diagonal remains to this day a much transited avenue and many companies and hotels use it as a privileged location as can be seen in its architecture The avenue starts in the Les Corts district on the western edge of the city and runs to the Sant Marti district on the eastern edge To its west it connects with the Lleida Madrid highway and Ronda de Dalt in the neighbouring municipality of Esplugues de Llobregat To its east it meets the Ronda del Litoral on the border with the municipality of Sant Adria de Besos It is consistently 50 metres 160 ft wide and about 11 kilometres 6 8 mi long Contents 1 Name 2 History 2 1 Early history 2 2 Recent history 3 Buildings and places of interest 3 1 Architecture 3 2 Shopping centres 3 3 Cinemas 4 Education 5 Transport 5 1 Metro 5 2 Tram 6 See also 7 References 8 Sources 9 External linksName EditThe different regimes that held power in Catalonia and Spain during the 20th century sought to change the city s street names and Avinguda Diagonal was permitted no exception It has been known under the following names Gran Via Diagonal original name which Ildefons Cerda and Victor Balaguer intended to call the avenue Avinguda d Arguelles 1891 Named after Agustin Arguelles 1776 1844 Avinguda de la Nacionalitat Catalana 1922 Mancomunitat de Catalunya in English Commonwealth of Catalonia Avenida de Alfonso XIII 1924 During Miguel Primo de Rivera s dictatorship named after King Alfonso XIII Avinguda del Catorze d Abril 1931 Second Spanish Republic 1931 1939 Gran Via Diagonal 1939 provisional name imposed the day after the Fascist capture of Barcelona as an attempt to eliminate references to the Republic Avenida del Generalisimo Francisco Franco 1939 During the authoritarian regime of Francisco Franco Avinguda Diagonal Its current name adopted following the restoration of democracy in 1979 The name Diagonal has always prevailed in popular usage History EditEarly history Edit Ildefons Cerda s so called Pla Cerda was not totally successful in transforming Barcelona s urban reality as only parts of it were finally approved The construction of Avinguda Diagonal is one of the projects it entailed that became reality when a Royal Decree from Queen Isabella II of Spain and Leopoldo O Donnell s Spanish government in Madrid allowed him to start the construction of the avenue in 1859 The city council of Barcelona had previously requested the approval of Antoni Rovira i Trias s alternative project instead which had been rejected Apartment building on Avinguda Diagonal from the beginning of the 20th century After the completion of its central section from the current Placa de Francesc Macia towards Glories it soon became one of Barcelona s most popular avenues and an ideal place for the Catalan aristocrats and bourgeoisie to exhibit their carriages Francesc Cambo leader of Lliga Regionalista proposed the construction of a new palace for the then monarch Alfonso XIII in 1919 the royal palace in Ciutat Vella had been destroyed in the fire of 1875 Recent history Edit Avinguda Diagonal suffered several attacks by the Basque separatist organisation ETA in 2000 On 2 November a car bomb exploded injuring a security officer and a municipal officer A few days later on 21 November a car used by the killers of Enerst Lluch exploded in the middle of the avenue On 20 December a municipal officer was shot dead 1 Four venues in the area hosted competitions for the 1992 Summer Olympics 2 During 2010 Diagonal reform proposals were on the headlines as the Barcelona city council had plans to make the tram cross the whole avenue A popular consultation the word referendum being banned by Spanish law was scheduled for May 2010 between two reform proposals the so called rambla or boulevard It resulted in a big political failure for the city mayor Jordi Hereu There was a bare participation of 12 of potential voters and about 80 voted for the third option none of the former two that is against any change 3 Buildings and places of interest Edit Torre Agbar Architecture Edit Casa del Baro de Quadras Museu de la Musica designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch 1904 1906 Casa Comalat designed by Salvador Valeri i Pupurull 1906 1911 Esglesia del Carme designed by Josep Domenech i Estapa neo Byzantine style 1909 Casa Serra also designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch became a school Casa de Terrades also known as Casa de les Punxes Eixample s widest building designed by Puig i Cadafalch 1903 1905 ME Barcelona hotel designed by Dominique Perrault 2007 Palau Perez Samanillo Casa Sayrach 1918 Palau Reial de Pedralbes 1921 built for Alfonso XIII of Spain and its gardens 1924 Torre Agbar designed by Jean Nouvel next to Placa de les Glories Catalanes 2005 La Caixa Headquarters Disseny Hub BarcelonaShopping centres Edit L Illa El Corte Ingles Avinguda Diagonal El Corte Ingles Francesc Macia Diagonal Mar Glories Pedralbes CentreCinemas Edit CINESA Diagonal Mar Boliche CINESA Diagonal Glories MulticinesEducation EditAvinguda Diagonal is also home to several schools of both Universitat de Barcelona UB and Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya in the area that is commonly known as Zona Universitaria The following UB faculties and schools are located on the avenue Biology Av Diagonal 645 Chemical Engineering Av Diagonal 647 Chemistry Av Diagonal 647 Business school Av Diagonal 696 Economics Av Diagonal 690 Law Av Diagonal 684 Materials Engineering Av Diagonal 647 Physics Av Diagonal 647 Panoramic photograph of Avinguda Diagonal Barcelona in January 2011Transport EditMetro Edit The avenue is served by a number of metro stations Zona Universitaria L3 L9 Palau Reial L3 Maria Cristina L3 Diagonal L3 L5 In and around Passeig de Gracia Provenca L6 L7 In Carrer Provenca linked with Diagonal station Verdaguer L4 L5 In Placa Verdaguer Glories L1 in Placa de les Glories Catalanes Selva de Mar L4 El Maresme Forum L4 Tram Edit Trambaix line in front of L Illa Trambaix Zona Universitaria T1 T2 T3 Palau Reial T1 T2 T3 Maria Cristina T1 T2 T3 Numancia T1 T2 T3 L Illa T1 T2 T3 Francesc Macia T1 T2 T3 Trambesos Glories T4 T5 Ca L Aranyo T4 Pere IV T4 Fluvia T4 Selva de Mar T4 El Maresme T4 Forum T4 See also EditDiagonal metro station Eixample List of streets in Eixample Modernisme Noucentisme Art Nouveau Ildefons Cerda and his Pla Cerda influenced by utopian socialism History of Barcelona History of Catalonia History of Spain 2004 Universal Forum of CulturesStreet names in Barcelona Urban planning of BarcelonaReferences Edit Atentados de ETA desde la ruptura de la ultima tregua El Correo in Spanish Retrieved 24 October 2010 1992 Summer Olympics official report Archived 28 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine Volume 2 pp 209 28 Opcion C Varapalo al alcalde Hereu a La Vanguardia 16 May 2010Sources EditALBAREDA Joaquim GUARDIA Manel i altres Enciclopedia de Barcelona Gran Enciclopedia Catalana Barcelona 2006 External links EditArticle on Avinguda Diagonal by journalist Lluis Permanyer Casa de les Punxes Avinguda Diagonal at the tourism site of the city council The new tile of Diagonal in Barcelona Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Avinguda Diagonal amp oldid 1096996741, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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