Zoë Baird
Zoë Eliot Baird (born June 20, 1952) is an American lawyer and president of the Markle Foundation. She is known for her role in the Nannygate matter of 1993, which arose when she was nominated by President Bill Clinton as the first woman to be Attorney General of the United States, but she withdrew her nomination when it was discovered she had hired undocumented immigrants and failed to pay Social Security taxes for them.[2] Since 1998, she has led the Markle Foundation.[3][4][5][6][7]
Zoë Baird | |
|---|---|
Zoë Baird at Web Summit 2017 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 20, 1952 Brooklyn, New York, U.S.[1] |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Paul Gewirtz (1986–2008) William Budinger (2010–present) |
| Education | University of California, Berkeley (BA, JD) |
Early life and education
Baird was born in Brooklyn. She earned an A.B. with a joint degree in political science and communications and public policy, Phi Beta Kappa, in 1974 from the University of California, Berkeley, where she was a member of the Order of the Golden Bear. She earned a J.D. in 1977 from the Boalt Hall School of Law at UC Berkeley.
Career
Baird clerked for U.S. District Judge Albert C. Wollenberg from 1977 to 1978 and worked as Attorney-Advisor at the Office of Legal Counsel at the U.S. Department of Justice from 1979 to 1980. She was Associate Counsel to President of the United States Jimmy Carter from 1980 to 1981.
Baird was a partner at the law firm O'Melveny & Myers, in Washington, DC, from 1981 to 1986. She was counselor and staff executive at General Electric from 1986 to 1990. Baird was senior vice president and general counsel of Aetna from 1990 to 1996.[8] In 1997, she served as senior research associate and senior visiting scholar at Yale Law School where she worked on the growth of terrorism.
Baird was Clinton's first unsuccessful nominee for United States Attorney General in 1993.[9] She withdrew her name from consideration when it was learned that she had informed Clinton that she and her husband had hired illegal immigrants to serve as her chauffeur and nanny and also not paid their Social Security taxes. Her husband had filed sponsorship papers at the time and sought the advice of counsel on paying taxes. She paid $2900 in fines for the infractions.[10] The matter, dubbed "Nannygate", attracted intense public attention, and the question "Do you have a Zoë Baird problem?" became frequently asked of other political appointees, including subsequent candidates for attorney general.[11]
Clinton subsequently appointed Baird to the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (PFIAB) (1994–2000),[12] the Commission on Roles and Capabilities of the U.S. Intelligence Community (1995)[13] and the G-8 Digital Opportunity Task (DOT) Force (2000–02).[14] In 1997, Baird served on the Department of Defense, Defense Science Board, Summer Study on Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction, as well as the New York Panel for the President's Commission on White House Fellowships. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld appointed Baird to the Department of Defense Technology and Privacy Advisory Committee (TAPAC) (2003–04). Baird was also a member of the National Security Agency Advisory Board Cyber Awareness and Response Panel (2010–11).
Baird has served as president of the Markle Foundation since 1998.[15] She served on the G-8 heads of state DOT Force, which created a roadmap for developing countries' adoption of information technology, investments of development assistance, and resources to help avoid a digital divide and to get information technology into the hands of citizens in developing countries.[16] Baird was also a member of the Global Digital Opportunity Initiative that supported the DOT Force.[17]
Under Baird's leadership in the early 2000s, Markle focused on increasing nonprofit and developing country participation in the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the Internet's first official governance body, and on making that body more accountable to all Internet users.[18]
In 2006, Markle released the Markle Connecting for Health Common Framework for Private and Secure Health Information Exchange.[19]
Baird and former Netscape CEO Jim Barksdale served as co-chairs of the Markle Task Force on National Security in the Information Age. Task Force recommendations informed the 9/11 Commission Report[20] and were enacted by executive order and legislation, including the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 and the Protect America Act of 2007.[6]
Along with Starbucks chairman, president and chief executive officer Howard Schultz, Baird serves as the co-chair for the Markle Initiative for America's Economic Future in a Networked World.[21] She serves on the boards of numerous organizations, including the Chubb Corporation[22] and Boston Properties.[23] She founded Lawyers for Children America, which represents abused and neglected children.[24] She is a member of the Aspen Institute Homeland Security Group[25] and the Aspen Institute Strategy Group,[26] an Advisory Board Member for the Lloyd N. Cutler Center for the Rule of Law at the Salzburg Global Seminar, Honorary Trustee of the Brookings Institution and a member of its nominating committee,[27] and Member of the Council on Foreign Relations.[28]
Personal life
Baird was married to Yale Law School professor Paul Gewirtz from 1986 to 2008, and the couple had two sons. Baird married William Budinger in 2010.[29]
See also
- Kimba Wood, Bill Clinton's second failed nominee for Attorney General
- Janet Reno, the third—successful—nominee, and United States Attorney General from 1993 until 2001
- Unsuccessful nominations to the Cabinet of the United States
References
- ^ "Profile". Markle. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
- ^ Wallis, Claudia (2/22/93). TIME
- ^ "Zoë Baird". Markle | Advancing America's Future. Apr 22, 2010. Retrieved Dec 10, 2020.
- ^ Leadership Timeline. Markle Foundation
- ^ Prepared Statement of James X. Dempsey Executive Director Center for Democracy & Technology before the House Committee on Government Reform November 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, 3/10/11
- ^ a b Testimony on Behalf of the Markle Task Force on National Security in the Information Age before the U.S. Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, 3/10/11
- ^ Publication & Briefs (6/26/09), Comments on the Office of the National Coordinator's Preliminary Definition of 'Meaningful Use Archived April 15, 2013, at archive.today, Markle Foundation.
- ^ Legal Affairs (12/22/91)"Zoë Baird's Briefcase is Brimming with Ideas.", Bloomberg Businessweek
- ^ Johnston, David(1/13/93) "Clinton's Choice for Justice Dept. Hired Illegal Aliens for Household." The New York Times
- ^ Krauss, Clifford (1993-01-17). "THE NEW PRESIDENCY: Justice Department; Nominee Pays Fine for Hiring of Illegal Aliens". New York Times.
- ^ Noble, Barbara Presley (July 3, 1994). "At Work: Solving the Zoe Baird Problem". The New York Times.
- ^ White House.PFIAB Members.
- ^ The White House, Office of the Press Secretary. (2/2/95). "Statement by the President Naming Members of the Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the U.S. Intelligence Community."
- ^ The White House, Office of the Press Secretary. (11/22/00). "Today, President Clinton Announced that Zoë Baird, Carly Fiorina, and Thomas Kalil Will Serve as the U.S. Representatives to the Digital Opportunity Task Force".
- ^ News & Events (6/3/97). Zoë Baird to Assume Presidency of Markle Foundation Markle Foundation, retrieved 8/22/11
- ^ G-8 “DOT Force” to Confront Divide ABC News.
- ^ Frederick S. Tipson and Claudia Fritelli, Global Digital Opportunities: National Strategies of ICT for Development, Markle Foundation, December 2003
- ^ Markle to Fund Programs for Net Users, Los Angeles Times, 11/3/99
- ^ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- ^ , 8/3/04
- ^ . Archived from the original on March 7, 2013. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
- ^ Chubb Group of Insurance Companies. Board of Directors 2013-01-19 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Boston Properties. Board of Directors.
- ^ Lawyers for Children America. About Lawyers for Children America, Our Board of Directors.
- ^ The Aspen Institute, Homeland Security Program. Zoë Baird Budinger November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Aspen Institute, Strategy Group, Zoë Baird Budinger November 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Brookings Institution. (3/10/98). “Zoe Baird and Steven Rattner Join Board of Trustees” 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Council on Foreign Relations Membership Roster January 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Zoë Baird February 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Markle Foundation
External links
- Appearances on C-SPAN