The Amazonian umbrellabird (Cephalopterus ornatus) is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae native to the Amazon basin with a separate population on the eastern slopes of the Andes. The male bird is entirely black, with a black crest and inflatable wattle on the throat, and at 48 to 55 cm (19 to 22 in), may be the largest passerine bird in South America. The female is slightly smaller. Both have an undulating flight, described as woodpecker-like, and the male has a loud, booming call.
The Amazonian umbrellabird feeds on fruit and berries, and may opportunistically take insects and spiders. It forages singly, in pairs or in small groups, in the forest canopy, hopping from branch to branch, but is a secretive species and is more often heard than seen.
Much larger than the female, the male Amazonian umbrellabird is likely the largest passerine in South America as well as the largest suboscine passerine in the world. The male Amazonian umbrellabird grows to a weight of 480–571 grams (1.06–1.26 lb) and a length of 48–55 centimetres (18.9–21.7 in). The female typically stands 41–44 centimetres (16.1–17.3 in) tall and weighs up to 380 grams (0.84 lb).[2][3] As in the other umbrellabirds, the Amazonian umbrellabird is almost entirely black, has a conspicuous crest on the top of their head, and an inflatable wattle on the neck, which serves to amplify their loud, booming calls.[4] This species has pale eyes, whereas in other umbrellabirds, the eye is black. The undulating flying method of this species is considered quite woodpecker-like, with the lack of white on the umbrellabird's plumage distinguishing it from large woodpeckers with which it co-exists. The Amazonian umbrellabird is usually seen flying only across openings in the forest, such as over rivers, and usually boldly hops branch to branch while in trees.
Distributionedit
It is present in almost the entirety of the immense Amazon basin, from the Andean foothills of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, to the east to the south of Venezuela (basins of the upper and middle Orinoco River), locally in the southwest of Guyana, and Brazil (eastward to the Negro and Xingú river basins, southward to southern Mato Grosso, reaching the headwaters of the Paraguay River).[5]
This species occurs in two main populations: One found in woodland and forest, mainly near rivers, in the Amazon basin, and a second found in forested foothills of the eastern Andes. The Amazonian umbrellabird is found variously in small groups, pairs or individually. They are usually seen in or near the canopy, but due to their wary behavior and scarcity at open spots, they are easily missed for a bird of this size. They are heard in the field more often than they are seen. Fruit and berries are usually preferred, but insects, spiders, and insect larvae are eaten opportunistically.[6]
Galleryedit
Podocarpus Reserve - Ecuador
Cephalopterus ornatus from Guyana
Illustration from “Nouveau recueil de planches coloriées d'oiseaux”
Referencesedit
^BirdLife International (2016). "Cephalopterus ornatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22700940A93805915. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22700940A93805915.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^The Birds of Ecuador, Vol. 2: Field Guide, Robert S. Ridgely & Paul J. Greenfield, Cornell University Press (2001). ISBN978-0-8014-8721-7
^Birds of Venezuela, Steven L. Hilty, Princeton University Press (2003). ISBN978-0-691-09250-8
^Mikula, P.; Valcu, M.; Brumm, H.; Bulla, M.; Forstmeier, W.; Petrusková, T.; Kempenaers, B. & Albrecht, T. (2021). "A global analysis of song frequency in passerines provides no support for the acoustic adaptation hypothesis but suggests a role for sexual selection". Ecology Letters. 24 (3): 477–486. doi:10.1111/ele.13662. PMID 33314573. S2CID 229176172.
^Snow, David (4 March 2020). "Amazonian Umbrellabird (Cephalopterus ornatus)". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.amaumb1.01. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
A Guide to the Birds of Colombia, Steven L. Hilty & William L. Brown, Princeton University Press (1986). ISBN0-691-08372-X.
Further readingedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cephalopterus ornatus.
Snow, D.W. (1982). The Cotingas: Bellbirds, Umbrella birds and their allies. British Museum Press. ISBN0-19-858511-X
January 01, 1970
amazonian, umbrellabird, cephalopterus, ornatus, species, bird, family, cotingidae, native, amazon, basin, with, separate, population, eastern, slopes, andes, male, bird, entirely, black, with, black, crest, inflatable, wattle, throat, largest, passerine, bird. The Amazonian umbrellabird Cephalopterus ornatus is a species of bird in the family Cotingidae native to the Amazon basin with a separate population on the eastern slopes of the Andes The male bird is entirely black with a black crest and inflatable wattle on the throat and at 48 to 55 cm 19 to 22 in may be the largest passerine bird in South America The female is slightly smaller Both have an undulating flight described as woodpecker like and the male has a loud booming call Amazonian umbrellabird Female Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Passeriformes Family Cotingidae Genus Cephalopterus Species C ornatus Binomial name Cephalopterus ornatusGeoffroy Saint Hilaire E 1809 The Amazonian umbrellabird feeds on fruit and berries and may opportunistically take insects and spiders It forages singly in pairs or in small groups in the forest canopy hopping from branch to branch but is a secretive species and is more often heard than seen Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Gallery 4 References 5 Further readingDescription editMuch larger than the female the male Amazonian umbrellabird is likely the largest passerine in South America as well as the largest suboscine passerine in the world The male Amazonian umbrellabird grows to a weight of 480 571 grams 1 06 1 26 lb and a length of 48 55 centimetres 18 9 21 7 in The female typically stands 41 44 centimetres 16 1 17 3 in tall and weighs up to 380 grams 0 84 lb 2 3 As in the other umbrellabirds the Amazonian umbrellabird is almost entirely black has a conspicuous crest on the top of their head and an inflatable wattle on the neck which serves to amplify their loud booming calls 4 This species has pale eyes whereas in other umbrellabirds the eye is black The undulating flying method of this species is considered quite woodpecker like with the lack of white on the umbrellabird s plumage distinguishing it from large woodpeckers with which it co exists The Amazonian umbrellabird is usually seen flying only across openings in the forest such as over rivers and usually boldly hops branch to branch while in trees Distribution editIt is present in almost the entirety of the immense Amazon basin from the Andean foothills of Colombia Ecuador Peru and Bolivia to the east to the south of Venezuela basins of the upper and middle Orinoco River locally in the southwest of Guyana and Brazil eastward to the Negro and Xingu river basins southward to southern Mato Grosso reaching the headwaters of the Paraguay River 5 This species occurs in two main populations One found in woodland and forest mainly near rivers in the Amazon basin and a second found in forested foothills of the eastern Andes The Amazonian umbrellabird is found variously in small groups pairs or individually They are usually seen in or near the canopy but due to their wary behavior and scarcity at open spots they are easily missed for a bird of this size They are heard in the field more often than they are seen Fruit and berries are usually preferred but insects spiders and insect larvae are eaten opportunistically 6 Gallery edit nbsp Podocarpus Reserve Ecuador nbsp Cephalopterus ornatus from Guyana nbsp Illustration from Nouveau recueil de planches coloriees d oiseaux References edit BirdLife International 2016 Cephalopterus ornatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22700940A93805915 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22700940A93805915 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 The Birds of Ecuador Vol 2 Field Guide Robert S Ridgely amp Paul J Greenfield Cornell University Press 2001 ISBN 978 0 8014 8721 7 Birds of Venezuela Steven L Hilty Princeton University Press 2003 ISBN 978 0 691 09250 8 Mikula P Valcu M Brumm H Bulla M Forstmeier W Petruskova T Kempenaers B amp Albrecht T 2021 A global analysis of song frequency in passerines provides no support for the acoustic adaptation hypothesis but suggests a role for sexual selection Ecology Letters 24 3 477 486 doi 10 1111 ele 13662 PMID 33314573 S2CID 229176172 Handbook of the Birds of the World Snow David 4 March 2020 Amazonian Umbrellabird Cephalopterus ornatus Birds of the World doi 10 2173 bow amaumb1 01 Retrieved 17 November 2023 A Guide to the Birds of Colombia Steven L Hilty amp William L Brown Princeton University Press 1986 ISBN 0 691 08372 X Further reading edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cephalopterus ornatus Snow D W 1982 The Cotingas Bellbirds Umbrella birds and their allies British Museum Press ISBN 0 19 858511 X Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Amazonian umbrellabird amp oldid 1213225334, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
