Wan Azizah Wan Ismail
Wan Azizah binti Wan Ismail (Jawi: وان عزيزة بنت وان إسماعيل; born 3 December 1952) is a Malaysian politician who is the spouse of Anwar Ibrahim, the current Prime Minister of Malaysia. She also served as the 12th Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Women, Family and Community Development in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) administration under former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad from May 2018 to the collapse of the PH administration during a political crisis in February 2020.[1] She was the first female Deputy Prime Minister, as well as Leader of the Opposition and the highest ever female political officeholder in the history of Malaysia.
Wan Azizah Wan Ismail | |
|---|---|
| وان عزيزة وان إسماعيل | |
| Spouse of the Prime Minister of Malaysia | |
| Assumed office 24 November 2022 | |
| Monarch | Abdullah |
| Prime Minister | Anwar Ibrahim |
| Preceded by | Muhaini Zainal Abidin |
| 12th Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia | |
| In office 21 May 2018 – 24 February 2020 | |
| Monarchs | Muhammad V Abdullah |
| Prime Minister | Mahathir Mohamad |
| Preceded by | Ahmad Zahid Hamidi |
| Succeeded by | Ismail Sabri Yaakob |
| 1st President of the People's Justice Party | |
| In office 4 April 1999 – 17 November 2018 | |
| Deputy | Chandra Muzaffar (1999–2001) Syed Husin Ali (2003–2010) Mohamed Azmin Ali (2010–2018) |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Anwar Ibrahim |
| 11th and 13th Leader of the Opposition | |
| In office 18 May 2015 – 10 May 2018 | |
| Monarchs | Abdul Halim Muhammad V |
| Prime Minister | Najib Razak |
| Preceded by | Anwar Ibrahim (PKR) |
| Succeeded by | Ahmad Zahid Hamidi (UMNO–BN) |
| Constituency | Permatang Pauh |
| In office 9 March 2008 – 28 August 2008 | |
| Monarch | Mizan Zainal Abidin |
| Prime Minister | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi |
| Preceded by | Lim Kit Siang (DAP) |
| Succeeded by | Anwar Ibrahim (PKR) |
| Constituency | Permatang Pauh |
| Spouse of the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia | |
| In role 1 December 1993 – 2 September 1998 | |
| Monarchs | Azlan Shah Ja’afar |
| Prime Minister | Mahathir Mohamad |
| Deputy PM | Anwar Ibrahim |
| Preceded by | Dayang Heryati Abdul Rahim |
| Succeeded by | Endon Mahmood |
| Member of the Malaysian Parliament for Pandan | |
| In office 9 May 2018 – 10 October 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Rafizi Ramli (PKR) |
| Succeeded by | Rafizi Ramli (PKR) |
| Majority | 52,543 (61.26%) |
| Member of the Malaysian Parliament for Permatang Pauh | |
| In office 7 May 2015 – 9 May 2018 | |
| Preceded by | Anwar Ibrahim (PKR) |
| Succeeded by | Nurul Izzah Anwar (PKR–PH) |
| In office 29 November 1999 – 31 July 2008 | |
| Preceded by | Anwar Ibrahim (UMNO–BN) |
| Succeeded by | Anwar Ibrahim (PKR) |
| Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly for Kajang | |
| In office 7 April 2014 – 9 May 2018 | |
| Preceded by | Lee Chin Cheh (PKR) |
| Succeeded by | Hee Loy Sian (PKR–PH) |
| Member of the Malaysian Parliament for Bandar Tun Razak | |
| Assumed office 19 November 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Kamaruddin Jaafar (BERSATU-PN) |
| Majority | 9,817 (2022) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Wan Azizah binti Wan Ismail 3 December 1952 KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Colony of Singapore (now Singapore) |
| Political party | People's Justice Party (Malaysia) (PKR) |
| Other political affiliations | Pakatan Harapan (PH) Pakatan Rakyat (PR) Barisan Alternatif (BA) |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 6, including Nurul Izzah |
| Alma mater | Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland |
She has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Pandan since May 2018 as well as Permatang Pauh, on behalf of her husband Anwar Ibrahim, from November 1999 to March 2008 and again from May 2015 to May 2018.[2] She also served as 1st President of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH opposition coalition, also on behalf of Anwar, the de facto party leader whose trials and prison sentences had prevented him from holding the office himself. She served in the position from the party formation in April 1999 to officially handing over the party leadership to Anwar November 2018 after his release from prison. In addition, she served as the 11th and 13th Leader of the Opposition, on behalf of Anwar again from March 2008 to August 2008 and again from May 2015 to the victory of PH against BN in the 2018 general election in May 2018 and Member of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kajang from April 2014 to May 2018.
Early life
Wan Azizah was born in 1952 at KK Women's and Children's Hospital in Singapore.[3] She has a Peranakan grandfather and was raised Malay Muslim.[4]
She received her early education in St. Nicholas Convent School, Alor Setar and continued her education at Tunku Kurshiah College[5] in Seremban. She went on to study medicine at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland where she was awarded a gold medal in obstetrics and gynaecology[6] and she later graduated as a qualified ophthalmologist.[7]
Wan Azizah served as a government doctor for 14 years before deciding to focus on volunteering work, when her husband, Anwar Ibrahim was appointed the Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia in 1993. As part of her voluntary pursuits, she became a patron of MAKNA (Majlis Kanser Nasional or National Cancer Council) in that period.[8][9]
Political career
Party founder
Following the dismissal and arrest of her husband on 20 September 1998, Wan Azizah became leader of the fledgling Reformasi movement. She first led the Social Justice Movement (ADIL), a civil rights NGO, before helping to establish the Parti Keadilan Nasional on 4 April 1999. The establishment of the party saw Wan Azizah elected as the first party president, a position she was re-elected to in 2001.[10] The position made her the second woman to lead a political party in Malaysia's history; after Ganga Nayar as the founder and first president of the Malaysian Workers' Party in 1978.[11]
On 3 August 2003, Wan Azizah brought the party into a merger with the older Malaysian People's Party (or Parti Rakyat Malaysia) which saw the establishment of the People's Justice Party and was elected as the president of the newly merged party.[citation needed]
Member of Parliament
In the first elections competed by the party in 1999, Wan Azizah led the party to win five seats in the Parliament and was herself elected as the Member of Parliament for Permatang Pauh; the seat formerly held by Anwar Ibrahim; with a majority of 9,077 votes. She successfully retained the seat in the 2004 elections, after five recounts, with a reduced majority.[12]
As a political party leader and also a parliamentary representative, Wan Azizah has spoken at UN-sponsored programs, and the local and international media. She is also the Vice-Chair of the Malaysian Parliamentary Caucus for Democracy in Myanmar and a member of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Myanmar Caucus.[13]
March 2008 general election
Wan Azizah won her parliamentary seat of Permatang Pauh in the 12th Malaysian general election with a majority of 13,388.[14] She was supported by all the component parties of Pakatan Rakyat to lead the opposition in the lower house of parliament, House of Representatives.
With the public announcement by Anwar Ibrahim regarding his intention to return to active politics despite being legally barred from doing so,[15] Wan Azizah indicated her readiness to vacate the position of party president if he was elected.[16] Nonetheless, she has also indicated that she intends to defend her parliamentary seat for Permatang Pauh.[17] She resigned her parliamentary seat for Permatang Pauh on 31 July 2008, to make way for her husband, who won the subsequent by-election on 26 August 2008 with a large majority.[citation needed]
2014 Kajang by-election
On 9 March 2014, PKR announced Wan Azizah as its new candidate for the Kajang by-election.[18] This was following Anwar Ibrahim's sentencing to five years in prison after Malaysia's court of appeal overturned his sodomy acquittal, causing Anwar to be unable to run in the by-election.[19]
On 23 March 2014, Wan Azizah was elected as the Selangor state legislative assembly member for Kajang.[20]
2015 Permatang Pauh by-election
A by-election was held for the Dewan Rakyat seat of Permatang Pauh on 7 May 2015,[21] after Wan Azizah's husband Anwar Ibrahim was disqualified from holding the seat after being found guilty of sodomy in a controversial trial.[22][23] Wan Azizah contested the seat against three other candidates,[24] retaining it for PKR with a majority of 8,841 votes.[25]
2018 general election
On 7 January 2018, the opposition alliance Pakatan Harapan announced Mahathir Mohamad as their candidate for Prime Minister in the 2018 election, with Wan Azizah as Deputy.[26] It was announced as part of a deal for Mahathir to serve as interim if elected, seeking a pardon for Anwar and making way for him to take over.[27] Others have speculated, however, that it would be Wan Azizah who would make way for her husband.[28]
Honours
Honours of Malaysia
Wan Azizah was honoured on the occasion of the official birthday of the Yang di-Pertua Negeri (State Governor) of Penang on 12 July 2008 when she was awarded the Darjah Panglima Pangkuan Negeri (Order of the Defender of the State), a chivalric order of the second rank in the state which carries the title Dato' Seri.
- Penang :
- Knight Commander of the Order of the Defender of State (DPPN) - Dato' Seri (2008)[29][30]
Election results
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | P044 Permatang Pauh, Penang | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 23,820 | 61.77% | Ibrahim Saad (UMNO) | 14,743 | 38.23% | 39,210 | 9,077 | 78.94% | ||
| 2004 | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 21,737 | 50.69% | Pirdaus Ismail (UMNO) | 21,147 | 49.31% | 43,734 | 590 | 80.93% | |||
| 2008 | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 30,338 | 64.16% | Pirdaus Ismail (UMNO) | 16,950 | 35.84% | 47,442 | 13,388 | 81.17% | |||
| 2015 | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 30,316 | 57.09% | Suhaimi Sabudin (UMNO) | 21,475 | 40.44% | 53,102 | 8,841 | 74.53% | |||
| 2018 | P100 Pandan, Selangor | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 64,733 | 75.47% | Leong Kok Wee (MCA) | 12,190 | 14.21% | 85,774 | 52,543 | 84.66% | ||
| Mohamed Sukri Omar (PAS) | 8,335 | 9.72% | ||||||||||
| Jenice Lee Ying Ha (PRM) | 442 | 0.52% | ||||||||||
| Wan Muhd Azri Wan Deris (IND) | 73 | 0.09% | ||||||||||
| 2022 | P124 Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 43,476 | 46.74% | Kamarudin Jaffar (BERSATU) | 33,659 | 36.18% | 93,021 | 9,817 | 78.74% | ||
| Chew Yin Keen (MCA) | 15,886 | 17.08% | ||||||||||
| Year | Constituency | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballots cast | Majority | Turnout | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | N25 Kajang | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail (PKR) | 16,741 | 59.57% | Chew Mei Fun (MCA) | 11,362 | 40.43% | 28,314 | 5,379 | 72.09% | ||
See also
References
- ^ "Malaysia PM Mahathir Mohamad appointed education minister in new cabinet". from the original on 17 May 2018. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
- ^ "Mahathir named chairman, Anwar named de facto leader of Pakatan Harapan". from the original on 15 May 2018. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
- ^ Habibu, Sira; Rahim, Rahimy (3 September 2014). "Party lists PKR president and deputy for Selangor MB post". The Star. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. from the original on 5 September 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^ Healy, Tim; Oorjitham, Santha (30 November 2000). "Readying for Elections?". Asiaweek. from the original on 31 May 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ^ P Ramakrishnan (8 May 1999). "In Desperate Straits". Aliran.com. from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ^ Bissme S. (14 May 2017). "Wan Azizah – a pillar of strength". The Sun Daily. from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
- ^ Norazalina (16 July 2021). "Doktor Mata Fasih Bahasa Inggeris & Hantar Anak-Anak Ke Sekolah Kebangsaan, Kesederhanaan DS Dr Wan Azizah Cukup Menawan!". Nona (in Malay). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- ^ Parti Keadilan Rakyat: Datin Seri Dr Wan Azizah Wan Ismail 26 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Asiaweek : A Woman of Grace 15 January 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Parti Keadilan Rakyat: Background & History 24 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Bernama Library & Infolink Service: Ganga Nayar Profile 19 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Malaysian General Election 2004 : Results for Permatang Pauh 21 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Myanmar Caucus". from the original on 4 October 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
- ^ Malaysian General Election 2008 : Results for Permatang Pauh 19 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Radio Australia: MALAYSIA: Anwar Ibrahim to make political comeback 20 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Daily Express: Wan Azizah agrees to make way for Anwar 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Malaysiakini : She's ready to make way for hubby 19 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Wan Azizah to replace Anwar in Kajang". 9 March 2014. from the original on 10 March 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
- ^ "Anwar Ibrahim sentenced to five years' prison after Malaysia's court of appeal overturns sodomy acquittal". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8 March 2014. from the original on 9 March 2014. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
- ^ Eileen Ng (23 March 2014). . The Malaysian Insider. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
- ^ "Four cornered fight in Permatang Pauh by-election". The Star. 25 April 2015. from the original on 17 February 2020.
- ^ . The Malaysian Insider. 1 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015.
- ^ Wan Azizah Kosongkan Kerusi Permatang Pauh Untuk Beri Laluan Kepada Anwar, Bernama
- ^ . The Malaysian Insider. 25 April 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ "Official: PKR retains Pmtg Pauh, smaller majority". Malaysiakini. 7 May 2015. from the original on 12 January 2018.
- ^ "Mahathir Mohamad: Ex-Malaysia PM, 92, to run for office". BBC News. 8 January 2018. from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
- ^ Kee Beng, Ooi (8 January 2018). "Commentary: Why the opposition has a shot at toppling the Barisan Nasional with Mahathir at the helm". Channel News Asia. from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ Kamarudin, Raja Petra (9 January 2018). "RPK asks: Is Dr Mahathir the interim PM or is Wan Azizah the interim DPM?". New Straits Times. from the original on 12 January 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ "CJ and Dr Wan Azizah top Penang awards list". The Star. 10 July 2008. from the original on 13 July 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2008.
- ^ "Darjah Panglima Pangkuan Negeri". Penang State Government Portal. Government of the State of Penang, Malaysia. from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2008.
External links
- Asia Week: A Woman of Grace