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Sa 23

January 01, 1970

The CZ Model 23/25 (properly, Sa 23/25 or Sa vz. 48b/samopal vz. 48b – samopal vzor 48 výsadkový, "submachine gun model year 1948 para") was perhaps the best known of a series of Czechoslovak designed submachine guns introduced in 1948. There were four generally very similar submachine guns in this series: the Sa 23, Sa 24, Sa 25, and Sa 26. The primary designer was Jaroslav Holeček (15 September, 1923–12 October 1997), chief engineer of the Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod arms factory.

CZ Model 23/25
TypeSubmachine gun
Place of originCzechoslovakia
Service history
In service1948–present
Used bySee Users
WarsVietnam War
Cambodian Civil War
Portuguese Colonial War
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Nigerian Civil War
Rhodesian Bush War
Mozambican Civil War
Chinese-Vietnamese War
Invasion of Grenada[1]
Salvadoran Civil War
Lebanese Civil War
Syrian Civil War
The Troubles
Production history
ManufacturerČeská zbrojovka Uherský Brod
Produced1948–1968
Specifications
Mass3.27 kg empty (folding stock models Sa 25, Sa 26); 3.5 kg empty (fixed wood stock models Sa 23, Sa 24)
Length445 mm folding stock model folded (Sa 25, Sa 26); 686 mm fixed stock and unfolded folding stock
Barrel length284 mm
Cartridge7.62×25mm Tokarev
9×19mm Parabellum
Feed system24 or 40 round (9mm Sa 23, Sa 25); 32 round (7.62mm Sa 24, Sa 26)
SightsIron sights

Design edit

The Sa 23 series utilize a straightforward blowback action, with no locked breech, and fire from the open bolt position. They also use a progressive trigger for selecting between semi-automatic fire and fully automatic fire. Lightly pulling on the trigger will fire a single shot. Pulling the trigger farther to the rear in a continuous motion will fire fully automatically, until the trigger is released or the magazine is empty.

The Sa 23 series were submachine guns with a telescoping bolt, in which the forward part of the moving bolt extends forwards past the back end of the barrel, wrapping around that barrel. This feature reduces the required length of the submachine gun significantly and allows for better balance and handling. Handling was further improved by using a single vertical handgrip housing the magazine and trigger mechanism, roughly centered along the gun's length. The gun's receiver was machined from a single circular steel tube.

The design of the Sa 23 series submachine guns is most notable in the West for having inspired the open-bolt, blowback-operated, telescoping bolt design of the slightly later Uzi submachine gun.[2]

Variations edit

  • The Sa 23 (vz. 48a) was the first variant, using a fixed wood stock and firing standard 9×19mm Parabellum ammunition. Has a straight vertical pistol grip and ammunition magazine. Magazines were issued with 24 and 40 round capacity.
  • The Sa 25 (vz. 48b) was the second and perhaps best known variant, using a folding metal stock, still firing 9×19mm Parabellum ammunition. Other than the folding stock, is identical to the Sa 23 and uses the same 24 and 40 round magazines.

The Sa 24 and Sa 26 were introduced after Czechoslovakia joined the Warsaw Pact, and were redesigned to fire 7.62×25mm Tokarev standard Soviet type pistol ammunition.

  • The Sa 24 (vz. 48a/52) corresponds to the Sa.23, using a fixed wood stock and firing 7.62×25mm Tokarev ammunition. Can be visually distinguished from Sa.23 as it has a slightly forwards-slanted pistol grip and ammunition magazine, though the main receiver and other components are otherwise visibly identical. It was issued with 32-round magazines.
  • The Sa 26 (vz. 48b/52) corresponds to the Sa.25, with a folding metal stock but otherwise identical to the Sa.24, using the same 32-round magazines.

Usage edit

The Sa 23 and 25 models were used by Cuba during the 1960s and 1970s, and some can be seen in photos of the Bay of Pigs invasion.[3]

After the Sa 25 was declared obsolete in 1968, many of the 9mm weapons were sold around the world. The surplus weapons were exported to other communist countries including North Vietnam. A somewhat-modified copy of the 9×19mm Parabellum model was produced in Rhodesia in the early 1970s as the LDP and given the nickname "Rhogun". Manufacture was later transferred to South Africa where it was briefly marketed as the Sanna 77 in semi-automatic fire only. Some were also used by the Irish Republican Army during The Troubles in the 1980s and early 1990s, likely supplied by Lebanon.

After the Velvet Revolution, many of these guns were still in the inventories of the Czech Military, and were sold off as surplus, many ending up on the Black Market. Others were deactivated for sale to civilian collectors, or demilitarized and sent to the United States where many have been re-built as semi-automatic only carbines.

Users edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Russell, Lee E. (28 Mar 1985). Grenada 1983. Men-at-Arms 159. Osprey Publishing. p. 45. ISBN 9780850455830.
  2. ^ Hogg 1979:157
  3. ^ de Quesada, Alejandro (10 Jan 2009). The Bay of Pigs: Cuba 1961. Elite 166. pp. 60–61. ISBN 9781846033230.
  4. ^ Jowett, Philip (2016). Modern African Wars (5): The Nigerian-Biafran War 1967-70. Oxford: Osprey Publishing Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-1472816092.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Jones, Richard D.; Ness, Leland S., eds. (January 27, 2009). Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 (35th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
  6. ^ a b c Bonn International Center for Conversion; Bundeswehr Verification Center. "SA vz 23 / 25". SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  7. ^ a b c Bonn International Center for Conversion; Bundeswehr Verification Center. "SA vz 24 / 26". SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d Popenker, Maxim. "Sa. 23". Modern Firearms.
  9. ^ Rob Krott (April 2000). "The Bay of Pigs Museum: Playa Giron, Cuba". Small Arms Review. Vol. 3, no. 7. Chipotle Publishing. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  10. ^ Smith, Joseph E. (1969). Small Arms of the World (11 ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. p. 461.
  11. ^ . Archived from the original on 5 October 2016.
  12. ^ Thomas, Nigel; Caballero Jurado, Carlos (25 Jan 2002). Germany's Eastern Front Allies (2): Baltic Forces. Men-at-Arms 363. Osprey Publishing. p. 40. ISBN 9781841761930.

External links edit

  •   Media related to Sa 23/24/25/26 at Wikimedia Commons

January 01, 1970
model, properly, samopal, samopal, vzor, výsadkový, submachine, model, year, 1948, para, perhaps, best, known, series, czechoslovak, designed, submachine, guns, introduced, 1948, there, were, four, generally, very, similar, submachine, guns, this, series, prim. The CZ Model 23 25 properly Sa 23 25 or Sa vz 48b samopal vz 48b samopal vzor 48 vysadkovy submachine gun model year 1948 para was perhaps the best known of a series of Czechoslovak designed submachine guns introduced in 1948 There were four generally very similar submachine guns in this series the Sa 23 Sa 24 Sa 25 and Sa 26 The primary designer was Jaroslav Holecek 15 September 1923 12 October 1997 chief engineer of the Ceska zbrojovka Uhersky Brod arms factory CZ Model 23 25TypeSubmachine gunPlace of originCzechoslovakiaService historyIn service1948 presentUsed bySee UsersWarsVietnam WarCambodian Civil WarPortuguese Colonial WarBay of Pigs InvasionNigerian Civil WarRhodesian Bush WarMozambican Civil WarChinese Vietnamese WarInvasion of Grenada 1 Salvadoran Civil WarLebanese Civil WarSyrian Civil WarThe TroublesProduction historyManufacturerCeska zbrojovka Uhersky BrodProduced1948 1968SpecificationsMass3 27 kg empty folding stock models Sa 25 Sa 26 3 5 kg empty fixed wood stock models Sa 23 Sa 24 Length445 mm folding stock model folded Sa 25 Sa 26 686 mm fixed stock and unfolded folding stockBarrel length284 mmCartridge7 62 25mm Tokarev9 19mm ParabellumFeed system24 or 40 round 9mm Sa 23 Sa 25 32 round 7 62mm Sa 24 Sa 26 SightsIron sights Contents 1 Design 2 Variations 3 Usage 4 Users 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksDesign editThe Sa 23 series utilize a straightforward blowback action with no locked breech and fire from the open bolt position They also use a progressive trigger for selecting between semi automatic fire and fully automatic fire Lightly pulling on the trigger will fire a single shot Pulling the trigger farther to the rear in a continuous motion will fire fully automatically until the trigger is released or the magazine is empty The Sa 23 series were submachine guns with a telescoping bolt in which the forward part of the moving bolt extends forwards past the back end of the barrel wrapping around that barrel This feature reduces the required length of the submachine gun significantly and allows for better balance and handling Handling was further improved by using a single vertical handgrip housing the magazine and trigger mechanism roughly centered along the gun s length The gun s receiver was machined from a single circular steel tube The design of the Sa 23 series submachine guns is most notable in the West for having inspired the open bolt blowback operated telescoping bolt design of the slightly later Uzi submachine gun 2 Variations editThe Sa 23 vz 48a was the first variant using a fixed wood stock and firing standard 9 19mm Parabellum ammunition Has a straight vertical pistol grip and ammunition magazine Magazines were issued with 24 and 40 round capacity The Sa 25 vz 48b was the second and perhaps best known variant using a folding metal stock still firing 9 19mm Parabellum ammunition Other than the folding stock is identical to the Sa 23 and uses the same 24 and 40 round magazines The Sa 24 and Sa 26 were introduced after Czechoslovakia joined the Warsaw Pact and were redesigned to fire 7 62 25mm Tokarev standard Soviet type pistol ammunition The Sa 24 vz 48a 52 corresponds to the Sa 23 using a fixed wood stock and firing 7 62 25mm Tokarev ammunition Can be visually distinguished from Sa 23 as it has a slightly forwards slanted pistol grip and ammunition magazine though the main receiver and other components are otherwise visibly identical It was issued with 32 round magazines The Sa 26 vz 48b 52 corresponds to the Sa 25 with a folding metal stock but otherwise identical to the Sa 24 using the same 32 round magazines Usage editThe Sa 23 and 25 models were used by Cuba during the 1960s and 1970s and some can be seen in photos of the Bay of Pigs invasion 3 After the Sa 25 was declared obsolete in 1968 many of the 9mm weapons were sold around the world The surplus weapons were exported to other communist countries including North Vietnam A somewhat modified copy of the 9 19mm Parabellum model was produced in Rhodesia in the early 1970s as the LDP and given the nickname Rhogun Manufacture was later transferred to South Africa where it was briefly marketed as the Sanna 77 in semi automatic fire only Some were also used by the Irish Republican Army during The Troubles in the 1980s and early 1990s likely supplied by Lebanon After the Velvet Revolution many of these guns were still in the inventories of the Czech Military and were sold off as surplus many ending up on the Black Market Others were deactivated for sale to civilian collectors or demilitarized and sent to the United States where many have been re built as semi automatic only carbines Users edit nbsp Biafra purchased CZ 23s and C 25s in 1967 4 nbsp Cambodia 5 nbsp Cape Verde Unknown users 6 7 nbsp Chile 8 nbsp Cuba 5 9 nbsp Czechoslovakia 5 nbsp Grenada Used by the People s Revolutionary Army 1 6 7 nbsp Guinea 5 nbsp Guinea Bissau 5 nbsp Indonesia Sa 24 and Sa 26 10 nbsp Lebanon 8 nbsp Libya 8 11 nbsp Lithuanian partisans after World War 2 12 nbsp Mozambique 5 nbsp Nicaragua 5 nbsp Nigeria 5 nbsp Poland used by Biuro Ochrony Rzadu in mid 90s nbsp Rhodesia nbsp Romania 5 nbsp Somalia 5 nbsp South Africa 8 nbsp Syria 5 nbsp Tanzania 5 nbsp Vietnam Unknown users 6 7 See also editList of submachine guns List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War Weapons of the Salvadoran Civil WarReferences edit a b Russell Lee E 28 Mar 1985 Grenada 1983 Men at Arms 159 Osprey Publishing p 45 ISBN 9780850455830 Hogg 1979 157 de Quesada Alejandro 10 Jan 2009 The Bay of Pigs Cuba 1961 Elite 166 pp 60 61 ISBN 9781846033230 Jowett Philip 2016 Modern African Wars 5 The Nigerian Biafran War 1967 70 Oxford Osprey Publishing Press p 22 ISBN 978 1472816092 a b c d e f g h i j k l Jones Richard D Ness Leland S eds January 27 2009 Jane s Infantry Weapons 2009 2010 35th ed Coulsdon Jane s Information Group ISBN 978 0 7106 2869 5 a b c Bonn International Center for Conversion Bundeswehr Verification Center SA vz 23 25 SALW Guide Global distribution and visual identification Retrieved 31 August 2018 a b c Bonn International Center for Conversion Bundeswehr Verification Center SA vz 24 26 SALW Guide Global distribution and visual identification Retrieved 31 August 2018 a b c d Popenker Maxim Sa 23 Modern Firearms Rob Krott April 2000 The Bay of Pigs Museum Playa Giron Cuba Small Arms Review Vol 3 no 7 Chipotle Publishing Retrieved 1 February 2017 Smith Joseph E 1969 Small Arms of the World 11 ed Harrisburg Pennsylvania The Stackpole Company p 461 World Infantry Weapons Libya Archived from the original on 5 October 2016 Thomas Nigel Caballero Jurado Carlos 25 Jan 2002 Germany s Eastern Front Allies 2 Baltic Forces Men at Arms 363 Osprey Publishing p 40 ISBN 9781841761930 Hogg Ian V 1979 Guns and How They Work New York Everest House p 157 ISBN 0 89696 023 4 Jones Richard 2009 Jane s Infantry Weapons 2009 2010 Jane s Information Group p 894 ISBN 0 7106 2869 2 External links edit nbsp Media related to Sa 23 24 25 26 at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sa 23 amp oldid 1221083263, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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