The office was first established in the Constitution in 1954, with the official English-language translation of "state vice chairman". The post of vice chairman was abolished under the Constitution of 1975 together with the chairman, then reinstated in the Constitution of 1982. Since 1982, the title's official English-language translation has been "vice president", although the Chinese title remains unchanged. The new constitution stipulated that the vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms; the term limits were removed in 2018.
Under the current constitution, the president serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress (NPC), the legislature. According to the constitution, the principle duty of the vice president is assisting the president in their duties. The vice president also assumes the presidency in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC. The incumbent vice president of China is Han Zheng, who took office in 10 March 2023.
The office, now called the vice president, was restored in the 1982 constitution together with the presidency. The new constitution mandated term limits for the office, stipulating the president and vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms.
Vice President Li Yuanchao was a member of the CCP Politburo until 2017, but not the Standing Committee.
On March 11, 2018, the first session of the 13th National People's Congress, by a vote of 2,958 in favor, two opposed and three abstaining, passed a constitutional amendment that removed the previous term limits for the president and the vice president.[3]Wang Qishan was elected as the vice president during the session; he was a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee at the time of his ascension. Han Zheng, who succeeded Wang Qishan as the vice president in 2023, was also a retired member of the politburo standing committee at the time of his ascension.[4]
SelectionEdit
According to the Constitution, the president must be a Chinese citizen with full electoral rights who has reached the age of 45.[5]
Formally, the vice president is elected by the National People's Congress (NPC) in accordance with Article 62 of the Constitution.[5] According to the Organic Law of the NPC, the vice president is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ.[6] The vice president is then elected by the National People's Congress (NPC), constitutionally China's highest state body, which also has the power to remove the vice president and other state officers from office. Elections and removals are decided by majority vote.[5] The term of office of the vice president is the same of that of the NPC.[5]
PowersEdit
The vice president's duties constitutionally include assisting the president, and exercise part of their functions and powers on behalf of the president.[5] The vice president also becomes the president in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC.[5] In case the vice presidency becomes vacant, the NPC elects a new vice president.[5]
The vice president may play a major role in foreign affairs. For instance, the vice president generally sits on the Central Foreign Affairs Commission, a policy coordination body of the CCP. The vice president has also typically sits on the Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs. Therefore, while the vice president may not actually have substantive powers as defined in the Constitution, the office nonetheless carries significance and prestige. The holders of the office have all been individuals with a degree of political clout.
An ethnic Mongol and former Chairman of Inner Mongolia, Ulanhu served as the first vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China.
Wang Zhen, a Communist military leader, was perhaps best known for leading the People's Liberation Army into Xinjiang at the foundation of the People's Republic. In 1988 Wang assumed the title of Vice-President in an honorary capacity, after his failed effort to put the conservative Deng Liqun in the position of General Secretary. Wang was the second vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China. He died in office.
A member of the China Democratic National Construction Association, a recognized non-Communist political party in China, Rong served as the third vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China.
Hu, the former party chief of Guizhou province and the Tibet Autonomous Region, served as the fourth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China. In his capacity as Vice-President, Hu was probably best known for handling the aftermath of the United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade. Hu was the first member of the Politburo Standing Committee to assume the post since the adoption of the 1982 constitution. In 2003, Hu became the first vice president to become president.
Zeng Qinghong, who had come to prominence as a political aide to Jiang Zemin, served as the fifth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China. Also a member of the Politburo Standing Committee, Zeng received an unusually high number of votes against him during his election for the vice-presidency.
Xi, the former party chief of Zhejiang, then Shanghai, became the sixth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the second vice president to become president. Also a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
Li, the former party chief of Jiangsu, became the seventh vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People's Republic of China. A member of the Politburo. In his capacity as Vice-President, Li represented China at numerous international events of symbolic significance, such as the State Memorial Service of Nelson Mandela, and the state funeral of Lee Kuan Yew.
Wang, a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the former Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection – China's top anti-corruption enforcer, was selected for the vice president post ostensibly for his experience in foreign affairs. Wang's assuming the post again made the vice-presidency a highly relevant office.
Han, a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the former first-ranked Vice-Premier of the State Council, was selected for the vice president post.
^Tian, Baojun. 建国后朱德元帅的住房：还不如苏联集体农庄主席. ifeng.com. Phoenix New Media Limited. Retrieved 2018-02-17.
^Chang, Yu-Nan (1956). "The Chinese Communist State System Under the Constitution of 1954". The Journal of Politics. 18 (3): 520–546. doi:10.2307/2127261. ISSN 0022-3816.
^"China Approves 'president for Life' Change". BBC News. 11 March 2018. from the original on 11 March 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
^ abMa, Josephine (10 March 2023). "Meet Han Zheng, the man just appointed China's new vice-president". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
^"Organic Law of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. 11 March 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
October 17, 2023
vice, president, people, republic, china, vice, president, people, republic, china, commonly, called, vice, president, china, deputy, president, people, republic, china, 中华人民共和国副主席national, emblem, people, republic, chinaflag, people, republic, chinaincumbenth. The vice president of the People s Republic of China commonly called the vice president of China is the deputy to the president of the People s Republic of China Vice President of the People s Republic of China中华人民共和国副主席National Emblem of the People s Republic of ChinaFlag of the People s Republic of ChinaIncumbentHan Zhengsince 10 March 2023StyleMr Vice President 副主席 informal His Excellency 阁下 diplomatic ResidenceZhongnanhaiSeatZhongnanhai West Building Beijing 1 NominatorPresidium of the National People s CongressAppointerNational People s CongressTerm lengthFive years renewableConstituting instrumentConstitution of the People s Republic of ChinaInaugural holderZhu DeFormation27 September 1954 69 years ago 1954 09 27 AbolishedBetween 1975 and 1982Unofficial namesState Vice ChairmanVice President of the People s Republic of ChinaSimplified Chinese中华人民共和国副主席TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōnghua Renmin Gongheguo FuzhǔxiAlternative Chinese nameSimplified Chinese国家副主席TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinGuojia FuzhǔxiThe office was first established in the Constitution in 1954 with the official English language translation of state vice chairman The post of vice chairman was abolished under the Constitution of 1975 together with the chairman then reinstated in the Constitution of 1982 Since 1982 the title s official English language translation has been vice president although the Chinese title remains unchanged The new constitution stipulated that the vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms the term limits were removed in 2018 Under the current constitution the president serves at the pleasure of the National People s Congress NPC the legislature According to the constitution the principle duty of the vice president is assisting the president in their duties The vice president also assumes the presidency in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC The incumbent vice president of China is Han Zheng who took office in 10 March 2023 Contents 1 History 2 Selection 3 Powers 4 List of vice presidents 4 1 Central People s Government 1949 1954 4 2 The 1st Constitution 1954 1975 4 3 The 4th Constitution 1982 present 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory EditThe office of state vice chairman was first established under the 1954 Constitution together with the chairman 2 It was along with the state chairman abolished in the new Constitution adopted by the 4th National People s Congress NPC in 1975 The office now called the vice president was restored in the 1982 constitution together with the presidency The new constitution mandated term limits for the office stipulating the president and vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms Vice President Li Yuanchao was a member of the CCP Politburo until 2017 but not the Standing Committee On March 11 2018 the first session of the 13th National People s Congress by a vote of 2 958 in favor two opposed and three abstaining passed a constitutional amendment that removed the previous term limits for the president and the vice president 3 Wang Qishan was elected as the vice president during the session he was a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee at the time of his ascension Han Zheng who succeeded Wang Qishan as the vice president in 2023 was also a retired member of the politburo standing committee at the time of his ascension 4 Selection EditAccording to the Constitution the president must be a Chinese citizen with full electoral rights who has reached the age of 45 5 Formally the vice president is elected by the National People s Congress NPC in accordance with Article 62 of the Constitution 5 According to the Organic Law of the NPC the vice president is nominated by the NPC Presidium the Congress s executive organ 6 The vice president is then elected by the National People s Congress NPC constitutionally China s highest state body which also has the power to remove the vice president and other state officers from office Elections and removals are decided by majority vote 5 The term of office of the vice president is the same of that of the NPC 5 Powers EditThe vice president s duties constitutionally include assisting the president and exercise part of their functions and powers on behalf of the president 5 The vice president also becomes the president in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC 5 In case the vice presidency becomes vacant the NPC elects a new vice president 5 In practice the position of the vice president is mostly ceremonial 4 Vice presidents Zeng Qinghong Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping have been members of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party CCP and the Central Secretariat the country s main decision making bodies these three served concurrently as the first ranked Secretary of the Secretariat in charge of party affairs The vice president may play a major role in foreign affairs For instance the vice president generally sits on the Central Foreign Affairs Commission a policy coordination body of the CCP The vice president has also typically sits on the Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Therefore while the vice president may not actually have substantive powers as defined in the Constitution the office nonetheless carries significance and prestige The holders of the office have all been individuals with a degree of political clout List of vice presidents EditGenerations of leadership First Administration Second Administration Third Administration Hu Wen Administration Xi Li Administration Central People s Government 1949 1954 Edit Further information Central People s Government of the People s Republic of China 1949 1954 Vice Chairmen of the Central People s Government co serving 1 October 1949 27 September 1954 Zhu De Liu Shaoqi Song Qingling Li Jishen Zhang Lan Gao Gang until his suicide on 17 August 1954 The 1st Constitution 1954 1975 Edit Further information 1954 Constitution of the People s Republic of China Vice Chairmen of the People s Republic of China Portrait Name Birth Death Constituency Term of office NPC Chairman1 nbsp Zhu De朱德 1886 1976 Sichuan at large 27 September 1954 27 April 1959 I Mao ZedongThe first Vice Chairman of the People s Republic of China 2 nbsp Song Qingling宋庆龄 1893 1981 Shanghai at large Dong Biwu董必武 1886 1975 Hubei at large 27 April 1959 17 January 1975 II III Liu ShaoqiServed jointly as Vice Chairmen Vacancy by ascension and post abolishedThe 4th Constitution 1982 present Edit Further information 1982 Constitution of the People s Republic of China Vice President of the People s Republic of China Portrait Name Birth Death Constituency Term of office NPC President3 nbsp Ulanhu乌兰夫 1907 1988 Inner Mongolia at large 18 June 1983 8 April 1988 VI Li XiannianAn ethnic Mongol and former Chairman of Inner Mongolia Ulanhu served as the first vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China 4 nbsp Wang Zhen王震 1909 1993 Xinjiang at large 8 April 1988 12 March 1993 VII Yang ShangkunWang Zhen a Communist military leader was perhaps best known for leading the People s Liberation Army into Xinjiang at the foundation of the People s Republic In 1988 Wang assumed the title of Vice President in an honorary capacity after his failed effort to put the conservative Deng Liqun in the position of General Secretary Wang was the second vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China He died in office 5 nbsp Rong Yiren荣毅仁 1916 2005 Shanghai at large 12 March 1993 15 March 1998 VIII Jiang ZeminA member of the China Democratic National Construction Association a recognized non Communist political party in China Rong served as the third vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China 6 nbsp Hu Jintao胡锦涛 born 1942 Guizhou at large 15 March 1998 15 March 2003 IX Jiang ZeminHu the former party chief of Guizhou province and the Tibet Autonomous Region served as the fourth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China In his capacity as Vice President Hu was probably best known for handling the aftermath of the United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade Hu was the first member of the Politburo Standing Committee to assume the post since the adoption of the 1982 constitution In 2003 Hu became the first vice president to become president 7 nbsp Zeng Qinghong曾庆红 born 1939 Jiangxi at large 15 March 2003 15 March 2008 X Hu JintaoZeng Qinghong who had come to prominence as a political aide to Jiang Zemin served as the fifth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China Also a member of the Politburo Standing Committee Zeng received an unusually high number of votes against him during his election for the vice presidency 8 nbsp Xi Jinping习近平 born 1953 Shanghai at large 15 March 2008 14 March 2013 XI Hu JintaoXi the former party chief of Zhejiang then Shanghai became the sixth vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China and the second vice president to become president Also a member of the Politburo Standing Committee 9 nbsp Li Yuanchao李源潮 born 1950 Jiangsu at large 14 March 2013 17 March 2018 XII Xi JinpingLi the former party chief of Jiangsu became the seventh vice president under the 4th Constitution of the People s Republic of China A member of the Politburo In his capacity as Vice President Li represented China at numerous international events of symbolic significance such as the State Memorial Service of Nelson Mandela and the state funeral of Lee Kuan Yew 10 nbsp Wang Qishan王岐山 born 1948 Hunan at large 17 March 2018 10 March 2023 XIII Xi JinpingWang a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the former Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection China s top anti corruption enforcer was selected for the vice president post ostensibly for his experience in foreign affairs Wang s assuming the post again made the vice presidency a highly relevant office 11 nbsp Han Zheng韩正 born 1954 Shanghai at large 10 March 2023 Incumbent XIV Xi JinpingHan a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee and the former first ranked Vice Premier of the State Council was selected for the vice president post See also Edit nbsp China portal nbsp Politics portalPolitical position ranking of the People s Republic of China List of current vice presidentsReferences Edit Tian Baojun 建国后朱德元帅的住房 还不如苏联集体农庄主席 ifeng com Phoenix New Media Limited Retrieved 2018 02 17 Chang Yu Nan 1956 The Chinese Communist State System Under the Constitution of 1954 The Journal of Politics 18 3 520 546 doi 10 2307 2127261 ISSN 0022 3816 China Approves president for Life Change BBC News 11 March 2018 Archived from the original on 11 March 2018 Retrieved 11 March 2018 a b Ma Josephine 10 March 2023 Meet Han Zheng the man just appointed China s new vice president South China Morning Post Retrieved 19 June 2023 a b c d e f g Constitution of the People s Republic of China National People s Congress Retrieved 2022 08 08 Organic Law of the National People s Congress of the People s Republic of China National People s Congress 11 March 2021 Retrieved 11 January 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vice President of the People 27s Republic of China amp oldid 1173679198, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
