2008 United States presidential election in Washington (state)

Main article: 2008 United States presidential election

The 2008 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose 11 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

2008 United States presidential election in Washington (state)

← 2004 November 4, 2008 2012 →
Turnout	84.61% (of registered voters) 2.56%^[1]
Nominee Barack Obama John McCain Party Democratic Republican Home state Illinois Arizona Running mate Joe Biden Sarah Palin Electoral vote 11 0 Popular vote 1,750,848 1,229,216 Percentage 57.34% 40.26%
County Results Congressional District Results Obama   40-50%   50-60%   60-70%   80-90% McCain   40-50%   50-60%   60-70%   70-80%
President before election George W. Bush Republican Elected President Barack Obama Democratic

The State of Washington was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama by a 17.1% margin of victory. Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win, or otherwise considered as a safe blue state. No Republican presidential nominee had won the State of Washington since Ronald Reagan won the state in 1984. Continuing on that trend, Washington stayed in the Democratic column as Obama carried the state with over 57% of the vote.

As of the 2020 presidential election^[update], this is the last election in which Skamania County, Klickitat County, and Wahkiakum County voted for the Democratic candidate. This is also the last time the Democrat carried more counties than the Republican. Obama became the first ever Democrat to win the White House without carrying Ferry County, as well as the first to do so without carrying Asotin County since Woodrow Wilson in 1912.

Primaries

Democratic primary

Main article: 2008 Washington Democratic presidential caucuses

The Democratic caucuses were a series of events held by the Washington State Democratic Party to determine the delegates that the Party sent to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Delegates were selected in a four-tier process that began with precinct caucuses, was further refined in legislative district caucuses and/or county conventions, concluded for some delegates in the congressional district caucuses, and finally concluded for the remaining delegates at the state convention.

Washington also held a Democratic primary on February 19, 2008, but the Washington State Democratic Party did not use the results of the primary to determine its delegates.^[2]

Delegate breakdown

The Washington State Democratic Party sent a total of 97 delegates to the 2008 Democratic National Convention. Of those delegates, 78 were pledged and 19 were unpledged. The 78 pledged delegates were allocated (pledged) to vote for a particular candidate at the national convention according to the results of Washington's four-step caucus process. The 19 unpledged delegates were popularly called "superdelegates" because their vote represented their personal decisions, whereas the regular delegates' votes represented the collective decision of many voters. The superdelegates were free to vote for any candidate at the national convention and were selected by the Washington State Democratic Party's officials and the pledged delegates.^[3][4]

The 78 pledged delegates were further divided into 51 district delegates and 27 statewide delegates. The 51 district delegates were divided among Washington's 9 congressional districts and were allocated to the presidential candidates based on the caucus results in each district. The 27 statewide delegates were divided into 17 at-large delegates and 10 party leaders and elected officials (abbreviated PLEOs). They were allocated to the presidential candidates at the state convention based on the preference of the 51 district delegates on June 13–15.^[3][4]

Of the 19 unpledged delegates, 17 were selected in advance and 2 were selected at the state convention. The delegates selected in advance were 7 Democratic National Committee members, the 2 Democratic U.S. senators from Washington, Maria Cantwell and Patty Murray, the 6 Democratic U.S. representatives from Washington, and the Democratic governor of Washington, Christine Gregoire.^[3][4]

Delegate selection process

Precinct caucuses

The precinct caucuses took place on February 9, 2008. Washington's two senators, Patty Murray and Maria Cantwell, endorsed Senator Hillary Clinton earlier in the nomination season.^[5] The week before the caucuses, Washington's governor, Christine Gregoire, endorsed Senator Barack Obama.^[6]

The caucuses were open to all voters who would be 18 years old by November 4, 2008. To vote, participants completed a form with their contact information and candidate preference. The form also asked voters to sign an oath stating: "I declare that I consider myself to be a DEMOCRAT and I will not participate in the nomination process of any other political party for the 2008 Presidential election." In some caucus groups, members split into smaller groups according to the candidate they supported. Voters supporting non-viable candidates had the option of moving into viable groups, and voters in viable groups could change their preference.^[7] Unlike other state Democratic Party caucuses, Washington does not require a 15% threshold for allocation of delegates at the precinct level. Rules state that any fractional delegates remaining are awarded to the candidate with the most votes that do not have delegates.

Legislative district caucuses and county conventions

 

Democrats vote in the 43rd Legislative District Caucus, April 5, 2008

The second tier of the delegate selection process involved choosing 2,000 legislative district delegates (and 1,000 alternates) to send to the congressional district conventions on May 17 and the state convention on June 13–15.^[8] There are 49 legislative districts in Washington State. Each district was allocated a certain number of delegates.^[9] Delegates were elected at either legislative district caucuses or county conventions. Each of Washington's 39 counties has a local Democratic Party organization that determined the event at which delegate selection would take place. Most counties chose to select delegates at legislative district caucuses on April 5. The remaining counties selected delegates at sub-caucuses during their county conventions, most of which were held on either April 12 or April 19. The breakdown of events by date is listed below.^[10][11]

April 5

Legislative district caucuses:

• 1st through 6th
• 8th
• 11th
• 12th
• 16th (Benton County portion only, held at the 8th LD caucus)
• 21st
• 25th through 34th
• 36th through 39th
• 40th (San Juan County portion only)
• 41st through 48th

County convention:

• Whatcom (40th LD)

April 12

County conventions:

• Clallam (24th LD)
• Franklin (9th & 16th LDs)
• Grays Harbor (19th, 24th & 35th LDs)
• Kitsap (23rd & 35th LDs)
• Kittitas (13th LD)
• Pend Oreille (7th LD)
• Skagit (10th & 40th LDs)

April 13

County convention:

• Snohomish (10th LD)

April 19

County conventions:

• Asotin (9th LD)
• Chelan (13th LD)
• Clark (15th, 17th, 18th & 49th LDs)
• Cowlitz (18th & 19th LDs)
• Ferry (7th LD)
• Grant (13th LD)
• Island (10th LD)
• Klickitat (15th LD)
• Lewis (20th LD)
• Lincoln (7th LD)
• Mason (35th LD)
• Okanogan (7th LD)
• Pacific (19th LD)
• Skamania (15th LD)
• Spokane (7th & 9th LDs)
• Stevens (7th LD)
• Thurston (20th, 22nd & 35th LDs)
• Wahkiakum (19th LD)
• Whitman (9th LD)
• Yakima (13th, 14th & 15th LDs)

April 20

County convention:

• Walla Walla (16th LD)

April 26

County convention:

• Jefferson (24th LD)

Unknown date

County conventions:

• Adams (9th LD)
• Garfield (9th LD)
• Columbia (16th LD)

Congressional district caucuses

Fifty-one delegates were chosen at the nine congressional district caucuses. Each district was allotted a different number of delegates:

• CD 1: 6
• CD 2: 6
• CD 3: 5
• CD 4: 3
• CD 5: 5
• CD 6: 6
• CD 7: 9
• CD 8: 6
• CD 9: 5

State convention

Twenty-nine delegates were chosen at the state convention, twenty-seven of which were pledged to vote for a particular candidate. Seventeen of these pledged delegates were "at-large" delegates that did not represent a specific Washington congressional district, and ten were party leaders and elected officials (PLEOs).

Polls

Main article: Statewide opinion polling for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries § Washington

Results

See also: Results of the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries

Precinct caucuses

Caucus date: February 9, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 0 (of 78)

2008 Washington Democratic presidential precinct caucuses 96.4% of precincts reporting^[12]
Candidate	Precinct delegates	Percentage	Estimated national delegates^[7]
Barack Obama	21,768	67.56%	52
Hillary Clinton	10,038	31.15%	26
Other	50	0.16%	0
Uncommitted	364	1.13%	0
Totals	32,220	100.00%	78

Primary

The Washington State Democratic Party did not use the results of the primary to determine its delegates.^[2]

Primary date: February 19, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 0 (of 78)

Key:	Withdrew prior to contest

2008 Washington Democratic presidential primary^[13]
Candidate	Votes	Percentage
Barack Obama	354,112	51.22%
Hillary Clinton	315,744	45.67%
John Edwards	11,892	1.72%
Dennis Kucinich	4,021	0.58%
Bill Richardson	2,040	0.30%
Joe Biden	1,883	0.27%
Mike Gravel	1,071	0.15%
Christopher Dodd	618	0.09%
Totals	691,381	100.00%

Legislative district caucuses and county conventions

Dashes indicate districts for which results are unavailable.

Caucus/Convention dates: April 5–26, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 0 (of 78)

Washington Democratic Legislative District Caucuses and County Conventions, 2008 61% of districts reporting
Legislative District	Barack Obama	Hillary Clinton	Total State Delegates from this LD^[9]
LD1^[14]	32	12	44
LD2^[15]	26	14	40
LD3	–	–	33
LD4	–	–	38
LD5^[16]	36	12	48
LD6^[17]	29	15	44
LD7	–	–	34
LD8	–	–	33
LD9	–	–	33
LD10	–	–	43
LD11^[18]	26	10	36
LD12	–	–	31
LD13	–	–	28
LD14	–	–	27
LD15	–	–	26
LD16	–	–	28
LD17	–	–	39
LD18	–	–	44
LD19	–	–	38
LD20^[19]	25	13	38
LD21	–	–	40
LD22^[20]	36	13	49
LD23^[21]	34	11	45
LD24^[22]	28	10	47
LD25^[23]	26	15	41
LD26^[24]	28	14	42
LD27^[25]	27	12	39
LD28	–	–	34
LD29	–	–	30
LD30	–	–	35
LD31^[26]	22	16	38
LD32^[27]	36	14	50
LD33^[28]	23	12	35
LD34^[29]	38	13	51
LD35^[30]	15	8	41
LD36^[31]	52	15	67
LD37^[31]	38	9	47
LD38^[32]	23	11	34
LD39^[33]	27	12	39
LD40^[34]	36	9	47
LD41^[35]	36	13	49
LD42^[36]	33	10	43
LD43^[37]	53	14	67
LD44^[38]	30	13	43
LD45^[39]	33	12	45
LD46^[40]	45	15	60
LD47^[41]	27	11	38
LD48^[42]	30	11	41
LD49	–	–	38
Totals	950	369	2,000
Estimated national delegates	0	0	78

Congressional district caucuses

Caucus date: May 17, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 51 (of 78)

Washington Democratic Congressional District Caucuses, 2008 0% of districts reporting
Congressional District	National Delegates Obama^[43]	National Delegates Clinton^[44]	National Delegates Total
CD1^[45]	4	2	6
CD2	4	2	6
CD3	3	2	5
CD4	2	1	3
CD5	3	2	5
CD6	4	2	6
CD7^[46]	7	2	9
CD8	4	2	6
CD9	3	2	5
Totals	34	17	51

State convention

Convention date: June 13–15, 2008

National pledged delegates determined: 27 (of 78)

2008 Washington Democratic State Convention^[4]
Candidate	At-Large and PLEO delegates	Percentage	National delegates
Barack Obama	18	66.67%	52
Hillary Clinton	9	33.33%	26
Totals	27	100.00%	78

Republican caucuses and primary

Main article: 2008 Washington Republican presidential caucuses and primary

The Republican caucuses were held on Saturday February 9 and the primary on February 19, 2008, to compete 40 total delegates, of which 18 tied to the caucuses, 19 tied to the primary, and 3 unpledged RNC member delegates.^[47]

Candidates

All following candidates appeared on the ballot for voters in Washington:

• Mike Huckabee
• John McCain
• Ron Paul
• Mitt Romney (candidate suspended his campaign)

Caucuses

Voting in Washington's caucuses closed at 9:00 pm EST February 9.

The Washington Republican Party declared John McCain the winner on the night of the election, after 87% of the votes were counted. Mike Huckabee disputed the results and accused the state party of calling the election prematurely. He demanded a statewide caucus recount.^[48] However, by Tuesday, February 12, the Washington Republicans again declared McCain the winner after 96% of the votes were tallied,^[49] and never counted the rest of the votes.^[50]

96% of precincts reporting^[47]

Candidate	State delegate	Percentage	Delegates	Counties carried
John McCain	3,228	25.9%	16	11
Mike Huckabee	2,959	23.52%	8	11
Ron Paul	2,740	21.64%	5	9
Mitt Romney	1,903	15.45%	0	4
Uncommitted	1,662	13.49%	0	2
Total	12,320	100%	29	37

Primary

The primary took place on February 19, 2008.

Official results^[47][51]

Candidate	Votes	Percentage	Delegates
John McCain	262,304	49.50%	16
Mike Huckabee	127,657	24.09%	8
Mitt Romney*	86,140	16.25%	0
Ron Paul	40,539	7.65%	5
Rudy Giuliani*	5,145	0.97%	0
Fred Thompson*	4,865	0.92%	0
Alan Keyes	2,226	0.42%	0
Duncan Hunter*	799	0.19%	0
Total	529,932	100%	29

* Candidate stopped campaign before primary

Money raised

The following table shows the amount of money each Republican Party candidate raised in the state of Washington.^[52]

Campaign

Predictions

Source	Ranking
D.C. Political Report^[53]	Likely D
Cook Political Report^[54]	Solid D
The Takeaway^[55]	Solid D
Electoral-vote.com^[56]	Solid D
Washington Post^[57]	Solid D
Politico^[58]	Solid D
RealClearPolitics^[59]	Solid D
FiveThirtyEight^[57]	Solid D
CQ Politics^[60]	Solid D
The New York Times^[61]	Solid D
CNN^[62]	Safe D
NPR^[57]	Solid D
MSNBC^[57]	Solid D
Fox News^[63]	Likely D
Associated Press^[64]	Likely D
Rasmussen Reports^[65]	Safe D

Main article: Statewide opinion polling for the 2008 United States presidential election: Washington

Since February 28, Obama won every pre-election poll. Since September 22, he won each poll with a double-digit margin of victory. The final 3 polls averaged Obama leading 54% to 40%.

Fundraising

McCain raised a total of $2,697,999 in the state. Obama raised $16,518,208.^[66]

Advertising and visits

Obama and his interest groups spent $312,869. McCain and his interest groups spent just $2,264.^[67] The Democratic ticket visited the state once, while the Republican ticket did not visit at all.^[68]

Analysis

Washington once leaned Republican, like most of the Pacific Northwest. From 1952 to 1984, it only went Democratic twice—in 1964 and 1968. However, it has voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in every presidential election since 1988. Neither candidate seriously contested the state as it was viewed as a safe blue state. Like Oregon, the state is divided politically by the urban/rural divide and geographically by the Cascade Mountains. The two are related in that nearly all of the major cities lie west of the Cascades. Most of the state's population resides in Western Washington along the Pacific Coast and in highly urbanized areas like Seattle. The Seattle area, home to almost two-thirds of the state's population, is overwhelmingly Democratic. The rest of Western Washington leans Democratic as well, though the lean is not as pronounced as in the greater Seattle area. In contrast, Eastern Washington is very rural, and in many ways more similar to Idaho than Seattle. Republicans have had an edge here for many years, in part to its strong tinge of social conservatism. As a result, while Republicans typically win more counties, the overwhelming Democratic trend in the more-heavily populated western portion is enough to swing the whole state to the Democrats.

On Election Day, Obama won the state by 17.18%. Washington was called for Obama as soon as the polls in the state closed. He swept the more urban counties along the Western Seaboard, which compose the Democratic base. More than two-thirds of the state's population lives in this area; this makes it very difficult for a Republican to win the state because of this region's liberal tilt. Obama would have been assured a victory in any event due to his performance in the Seattle area. He carried King County, home to Seattle itself and its close suburbs and just over a third of the state's population, with 69.97 percent of the vote—almost three-fifths of his statewide majority. Obama also swept the two other big counties in Western Washington, Pierce (home to Tacoma) and Snohomish (home to Everett) by decisive margins. His combined majority in King, Pierce and Snohomish counties would have been more than enough to carry the state. McCain only won one county in the western part of the state, Lewis County, traditionally the most socially conservative county west of the Cascades.

On the other hand, McCain did extremely well in Eastern Washington. Neither Al Gore or John Kerry was able to take a single county in Eastern Washington; in 2008, Obama only won one small county, Whitman County, home to Washington State University in Pullman. Nevertheless, as with Oregon, McCain's margins in the eastern part of the state were far outweighed by Obama's landslides in the more populated coastal regions and cities in the western part of the state. Obama did, however, improve substantially in Eastern Washington, especially in the region's largest county, Spokane County, home to the city of Spokane.

During the same election, incumbent Democratic Governor Christine Gregoire was reelected to a second term with 53.00% of the vote over Republican Dino Rossi who took 46.55% in a rematch of their controversial race from four years earlier. At the state level, Democrats picked up one seat in the Washington House of Representatives while Republicans picked up a seat in the Washington Senate.

Results

2008 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
Party		Candidate	Running mate	Votes	Percentage	Electoral votes
	Democratic	Barack Obama	Joe Biden	1,750,848	57.34%	11
	Republican	John McCain	Sarah Palin	1,229,216	40.26%	0
	Independent	Ralph Nader	Matt Gonzalez	29,489	0.97%	0
	Write-ins	Write-ins		14,880	0.49%	0
	Libertarian	Bob Barr	Wayne Allyn Root	12,728	0.42%	0
	Constitution	Chuck Baldwin	Darrell Castle	9,432	0.31%	0
	Green	Cynthia McKinney	Rosa Clemente	3,819	0.13%	0
	Others	Others		6,642	0.22%	0
Totals				3,057,054	100.00%	11
Voter turnout (Voting age population)						62.2%

By county

County	Barack Obama Democratic		John McCain Republican		Various candidates Other parties		Margin		Total
	#	%	#	%	#	%	#	%
Adams	1,552	31.95%	3,222	66.32%	84	1.73%	-1,670	-34.37%	4,858
Asotin	4,139	42.32%	5,451	55.74%	190	1.94%	-1,312	-13.42%	9,780
Benton	26,288	35.84%	45,345	61.83%	1,708	2.33%	-19,057	-25.99%	73,341
Chelan	13,781	42.85%	17,605	54.74%	777	2.41%	-3,824	-11.89%	32,163
Clallam	19,470	50.55%	18,199	47.25%	851	2.21%	1,271	3.30%	38,520
Clark	95,356	51.85%	84,212	45.79%	4,357	2.37%	11,144	6.06%	183,925
Columbia	686	30.38%	1,499	66.39%	73	3.24%	-813	-36.01%	2,258
Cowlitz	24,597	54.05%	19,554	42.96%	1,361	2.99%	5,043	11.09%	45,512
Douglas	5,848	38.26%	9,098	59.52%	339	2.22%	-3,250	-21.26%	15,285
Ferry	1,467	41.49%	1,916	54.19%	153	4.33%	-449	-12.70%	3,536
Franklin	7,361	37.19%	12,037	60.81%	397	2.01%	-4,676	-23.62%	19,795
Garfield	385	28.04%	968	70.50%	20	1.46%	-583	-42.46%	1,373
Grant	9,601	34.74%	17,153	62.07%	880	3.18%	-7,552	-27.33%	27,634
Grays Harbor	16,354	56.04%	12,104	41.47%	726	2.49%	4,250	14.57%	29,184
Island	22,058	52.31%	19,426	46.07%	680	1.61%	2,632	6.24%	42,164
Jefferson	13,252	65.85%	6,330	31.46%	541	2.69%	6,922	34.39%	20,123
King	648,230	69.97%	259,716	28.03%	18,511	2.00%	388,514	41.94%	926,457
Kitsap	68,624	54.89%	53,297	42.63%	3,090	2.47%	15,327	12.26%	125,011
Kittitas	8,030	44.67%	9,471	52.68%	476	2.65%	-1,441	-8.01%	17,977
Klickitat	4,965	48.85%	4,944	48.64%	255	2.51%	21	0.21%	10,164
Lewis	13,624	38.96%	20,278	57.99%	1,067	3.05%	-6,654	-19.03%	34,969
Lincoln	2,032	33.82%	3,803	63.30%	173	2.88%	-1,771	-29.48%	6,008
Mason	15,050	52.78%	12,600	44.19%	863	3.03%	2,450	8.59%	28,513
Okanogan	7,613	44.82%	8,798	51.79%	576	3.39%	-1,185	-6.97%	16,987
Pacific	6,094	55.12%	4,555	41.20%	406	3.67%	1,539	13.92%	11,055
Pend Oreille	2,562	38.79%	3,717	56.28%	326	4.94%	-1,155	-17.49%	6,605
Pierce	181,824	54.88%	141,673	42.76%	7,839	2.37%	40,151	12.12%	331,336
San Juan	7,374	69.66%	2,958	27.94%	254	2.40%	4,416	41.72%	10,586
Skagit	30,053	53.42%	24,687	43.89%	1,513	2.69%	5,366	9.53%	56,253
Skamania	2,817	51.31%	2,524	45.97%	149	2.71%	293	5.34%	5,490
Snohomish	187,294	58.13%	126,722	39.33%	8,183	2.54%	60,572	18.80%	322,199
Spokane	105,786	47.87%	108,314	49.01%	6,907	3.13%	-2,528	-1.14%	221,007
Stevens	8,499	37.62%	13,132	58.13%	960	4.25%	-4,633	-20.51%	22,591
Thurston	75,882	59.57%	48,366	37.97%	3,142	2.47%	27,516	21.60%	127,390
Wahkiakum	1,121	48.61%	1,105	47.92%	80	3.47%	16	0.69%	2,306
Walla Walla	10,081	40.52%	14,182	57.01%	614	2.47%	-4,101	-16.49%	24,877
Whatcom	58,236	57.71%	40,205	39.84%	2,465	2.44%	18,031	17.87%	100,906
Whitman	9,070	51.57%	8,104	46.07%	415	2.36%	966	5.50%	17,589
Yakima	33,792	43.58%	41,946	54.10%	1,796	2.32%	-8,154	-10.52%	77,534
Totals	1,750,848	57.34%	1,229,216	40.26%	73,197	2.40%	521,632	17.08%	3,053,261

 

County Flips:

Democratic   Hold   Gain from Republican

Republican   Hold

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

• Clallam (largest community: Port Angeles)
• Clark (largest city: Vancouver)
• Island (largest city: Coupeville)
• Klickitat (largest community: Goldendale)
• Skagit (largest city: Mount Vernon)
• Skamania (largest community: Carson)
• Wahkhiakum (largest community: Puget Island)
• Whitman (largest city: Pullman)

By congressional district

Barack Obama carried 7 of the state's 9 congressional districts, including one district held by a Republican.

District	McCain	Obama	Representative
1st	35.93%	62.44%	Jay Inslee
2nd	42.00%	55.60%	Rick Larsen
3rd	45.66%	52.37%	Brian Baird
4th	57.84%	40.30%	Doc Hastings
5th	51.54%	45.97%	Cathy McMorris Rodgers
6th	40.51%	57.43%	Norm Dicks
7th	14.96%	83.54%	Jim McDermott
8th	41.83%	56.62%	Dave Reichert
9th	39.47%	58.72%	Adam Smith

Electors

Main article: List of 2008 United States presidential electors

Technically the voters of Washington cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. Washington is allocated 11 electors because it has 9 congressional districts and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 11 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and their running mate. Whoever wins the majority of votes in the state is awarded all 11 electoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them.^[69] An elector who votes for someone other than their candidate is known as a faithless elector.

The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 15, 2008, to cast their votes for president and vice president. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols.

The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All 11 were pledged to Barack Obama and Joe Biden:^[70]

1. Jeff Siddiqui^[71]
2. Maggie Hanson
3. Jane Buchanan‐Banks
4. Pat M. Notter
5. Marcus Riccelli^[72]
6. Bradford Donovan
7. Lesley Ahmed^[73]
8. Di A. Irons^[74]
9. Calvin Edwards
10. Kristine Fallstone
11. John Daniels

See also

• United States presidential elections in Washington (state)
• Presidency of Barack Obama

References

1. Secretary of State: Kim Wyman. "Voter Turnout by Election". www.sos.wa.gov. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
2. Yardley, William (February 18, 2008). "In Washington State Vote, Relevance Is an Issue". The New York Times.
3. "Washington State Delegate Selection Plan For The 2008 Democratic National Convention". Washington State Democratic Party. August 23, 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 23, 2008. Retrieved April 29, 2008.
4. Berg-Andersson, Richard (March 1, 2008). "Washington Democrat Presidential Nominating Process". The Green Papers. Retrieved March 5, 2008.
5. "Murray endorses Clinton". Seattle Times Company. January 31, 2008. Retrieved February 8, 2008.
6. McGann, Chris (February 8, 2008). "Gregoire endorses Obama". Seattle PI. Retrieved February 8, 2008.
7. "Washington State Democratic Party". Washington State Democratic Party.
8. (PDF). 46th District Democrats. December 2, 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 27, 2008. Retrieved April 25, 2008.
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28. http://www.33rddems.org/caucus2008.php^{[dead link]}
29. . www.34dems.org. Archived from the original on April 9, 2008. Retrieved December 7, 2018.
30. The 35th LD met at 4 different places: the Mason, Thurston, Grays Harbor, and Kitsap County Conventions. Mason County portion "Results". Mason County Democratic Central Committee. Retrieved April 28, 2008. Thurston County portion: "Caucus Results". Thurston County Democrats. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
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35. "41st Legislative District Caucus Results". 41st District Democrats. April 11, 2008. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
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44. Derived by deducting reported Obama numbers from total delegates for each CD.
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