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List of current non-sovereign monarchs

January 01, 1970

For current sovereign monarchs, see List of current monarchs of sovereign states.

This is a list of currently reigning constituent monarchs, including traditional rulers and governing constitutional monarchs. Each monarch listed below reigns over a legally recognised dominion, but in most cases possess little or no sovereign governing power. Their titles, however, are recognised by the state. Entries are listed beside their respective dominions, and are grouped by country.

African monarchs edit

Main article: List of current constituent African monarchs

Asian monarchs edit

Main article: List of current constituent Asian monarchs

European Monarchs edit

State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
  Guernsey  Sark Christopher Beaumont 3 July 2016 Beaumont Hereditary

North American monarchs edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
  Panama   Naso Tjër Di Comarca Reynaldo Santana 02 Oct 2011 Santana Elective and hereditary [1][2]
  Trinidad and Tobago Santa Rosa First Peoples Community Nona Aquan 12 Oct 2019 Aquan Elective and hereditary [3][4][5]
First People of Moruga Eric Lewis 21 Feb 2022 Lewis Elective and hereditary [6][7]

South American monarchs edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
  Bolivia   Afro-Bolivians Julio Pinedo 18 April 1992 Pinedo Hereditary [8]

Oceanian monarchs edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
  American Samoa Manu'a Tu'i Manu'a Vacant 6 July 1904 Elective and hereditary
  Fiji Fiji Tui Viti Vacant Elective and hereditary
  Marshall Islands [oc 1] Kwajalein Iroijlaplap Michael Kabua 19 September 2019 Kabua Elective and hereditary [9]
North Ratak [oc 2] Iroijlaplap Remios Hermios 10 December 1998 Hermios Elective and hereditary [10]
  Federated States of Micronesia Madolenihmw Nahnmwarki Kerpet Ehpel [oc 3] November 2008 Dipwinpahnmei [oc 4] Elective and hereditary [11][12]
Sokehs Nahnmwarki Herculano Kohler 1997 Sounkawad Elective and hereditary [13]
Uh Nahnmwarki Welter John [oc 5] 30 September 1991 Lasialap [oc 6] Elective and hereditary [14]
  New Caledonia Kunié High Chief Hilarion Vendégou 26 September 1974 [oc 7] Vao [oc 8] Hereditary [15]
Maré High Chief Dokucas Naisseline 6 June 2007 Naisseline [oc 9] Hereditary [oc 10] [16]
Lifou High Chief Evanes Boula 13 June 1999 Boula [oc 8] Hereditary [oc 11] [17]
  New Zealand   Kīngitanga [oc 12] Arikinui Tūheitia 21 August 2006 Te Wherowhero [oc 13] Elective and hereditary [oc 14] [18]
Tūwharetoa Arikinui Tumu Te Heuheu Tūkino VIII 5 August 1997 Te Heuheu Hereditary [19]
  Palau [oc 15]   Koror Vacant Ngerekldeu [oc 16] Elective and Hereditary [oc 17] [20]
  Melekeok Reklai Bao Ngirmang 1998 Ngetelngal [oc 16] Elective and Hereditary [oc 17]
  Samoa [oc 18] Tupua Tamasese Tupuola Tufuga Efi [oc 19] 1 July 1983 Sa Tupua Elective and hereditary [21]
Tuimaleali'ifano Va'aletoa Sualauvi II [oc 20] 1977 Tuia'ana Elective and hereditary [22]
Vacant [oc 21] December 1997 Sa Mata'afa Elective and hereditary [23]
Malietoa Fa’amausili Molī 16 August 2018 Sa Mālietoa Elective and hereditary [oc 22] [24]
  Tahiti Tahiti Teriʻihinoiatua Joinville Hinoiariki Pomare XI 19 April 2023 Pōmare Elective and hereditary [25]
  Tuvalu [oc 23] Funafuti Aliki Siaosi Finiki Elective and hereditary [oc 24] [26][27]
Nanumanga Aliki Talivai Sovola Mouhala Elective and hereditary
Nanumea Aliki Iliala Lima Elective and hereditary [oc 25]
Niutao Aliki Iosefa Lagafaoa Elective and hereditary
Nui Aliki Falani Mekuli Elective and hereditary
Nukufetau Aliki Valoaga Fonotapu Elective and hereditary
Nukulaelae Aliki Aifou Tafia Elective and hereditary
Vaitupu Aliki Londoni Panapa Elective and hereditary
  Wallis and Futuna   Alo Tuʻi Lino Leleivai 29 November 2018 Lalolalo Elective and hereditary [oc 26] [28]
  Sigave Tuʻi Eufenio Takala 5 March 2016 Vanai Elective and hereditary [oc 27] [citation needed]
  Uvea Tuʻi Felice Tominiko Halagahu (co-claimant) 16 April 2016 Takumasiva Elective and hereditary [oc 28] [29]
Tuʻi Patalione Kanimoa (co-claimant) 17 April 2016

Cook Islands edit

Each major atoll in the Cook Islands has a number of arikis, ceremonial high chiefs who together form the Are Ariki, a parliamentary advisory body with up to 24 seats. The only domains not listed below are those of Manuae, on which current information is inadequate, and Penrhyn, whose chiefly line is extinct. Styles and names are listed in their conventional local form. In addition to the generic title of ariki, which is worn at the end of one's name, each chiefly line carries its own unique style, which is placed at the beginning. Thus, if the chief's name is "Henry" and his title is "Ngamaru", he is styled "Ngamaru Henry Ariki".

State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs
  Cook Islands Aitutaki Manarangi Tutai Ariki 2000 Vaipaepae o Pau Hereditary [30]
Tamatoa Purua Ariki Hereditary [31]
Vaeruarangi Teaukura Ariki Hereditary [32]
Atiu Parua Mataio Kea Ariki Nurau Hereditary [33]
Rongomatane Ada Ariki [oc 29] 1972 Paruarangi Hereditary [30]
Ngamaru Tupuna Ariki 2021 Te Akatuira Hereditary [34]
Mangaia Numangatini Tereapii Ariki 29 August 2020 Nga Ariki Hereditary [35]
  Manihiki [oc 30] Te Fakaheo Ariki [oc 31] Hukutahu [oc 32] Hereditary [32][36]
Vacant [oc 33] Matangaro [oc 34] Hereditary
Mauke Tamuera Ariki [oc 35] Nurau Hereditary [33]
Tararo Temaeva Ariki [oc 36] Paruarangi Hereditary [32]
Te Au Marae Ariki Te Akatuira Hereditary [37]
Mitiaro Tou Travel Ariki Nurau Hereditary [31]
Tetava Poitirere Ariki Paruarangi Hereditary [32]
Temaeu Teikamata Ariki 20 February 1985[38] Te Akatuira Hereditary [32]
Pukapuka Aliki Makirai Henry June 2022 Pukapuka Hereditary [39]
  Rarotonga Makea Vakatini Phillip Ngamatoa Ariki 20 July 2020 Te Au o Tonga Hereditary [40]
George Taripo Karika Ariki 13 December 2018 Hereditary [41]
Vacant [oc 37] 1994 Hereditary [42][43][44][45]
Pa Tapaeru Marie Ariki [oc 38] 27 June 1990 Takitumu Hereditary [30]
Kainuku Kapiriterangi Ariki 6 May 2006 Hereditary [46]
Tinomana Tokerau Ariki 21 Nov 2013 Puaikura [oc 39] Hereditary [30]

Others edit

In Fiji, which became a colony of the United Kingdom in 1874, the British monarchs were historically bestowed the title Tui Viti, which translates as "King of Fiji" or "Paramount Chief of Fiji". The last holder of the title (from 6 February 1952) was Queen Elizabeth II, of the House of Windsor. The state became a republic in 1987, abolishing the title by establishing a new constitution. The former Great Council of Chiefs, however, still recognised Elizabeth II as Tui Viti, as the nation's traditional queen and its supreme tribal chief, despite no longer holding a constitutional office. Consequently, while Fiji remains a republic, a monarch or paramount chief is still recognised by traditional tribal politics. The Queen made no official claim to the Tui Viti throne, although until at least 2002, she remained open to the possibility of a constitutional restoration of the monarchy.[47]

Native chiefs in Fiji are considered members of the nobility. The House of Chiefs, consisting of about 70 chiefs of various rank determined by a loosely defined order of precedence, was modeled after the British House of Lords.[48] Tongan chiefs, subordinate to a king, are also considered nobles and have therefore been excluded from the above list.[49]

In American Samoa there are 14 paramount chiefs, with Manu'a traditionally subordinate to the Tu'i Manu'a, a title that is now considered purely historical; the last titleholder, Elisala, died 2 July 1909. The paramount chiefly titles are: on Tutuila, Faumuina, Lei'ato, Letuli, Fuimaono, Tuitele, Satele, Mauga, and in the Manu'a Islands, Laolagi, Aso'au, Lefiti, Sotoa, Galea'i, Misa and Tuiolosega.

See also edit

Notes edit

North America edit

Oceania edit

  1. ^ The government of the Marshall Islands recognises 12 chiefly domains, called mojen, each headed by one or several paramount chiefs. Each domain is represented in the Council of Iroij, an advisory body of traditional chiefs guaranteed by the Constitution.
  2. ^ This domain covers the islands of Ailuk, Aur, Maloelap, Taongi, Utirik and Wotje in the Ratak Chain. Its ruling clan has also laid claim to nearby Wake Island, under the name Eneen-Kio.
  3. ^ This chief is normally referred to as the Isipahu.
  4. ^ The ruling line belongs specifically to the Inenkatau (or Upwutenmai) sept of the Dipwinpahnmei clan.
  5. ^ This chief is normally referred to as the Sangiro.
  6. ^ The ruling line belongs specifically to the Sounpasedo sept of the Lasialap clan.
  7. ^ Hilarion was recognised as grand chef in 1974, but, due to a violent succession dispute with his relative Jean-Marie Vendégou, was not formally enthroned until 7 July 1979. He is also the mayor of the island commune until 2014.
  8. ^ a b A Kanak dynasty.
  9. ^ The Naisseline family is a branch of the Netché, a tribe of Kanaks.
  10. ^ The throne of the grand chef on Maré Island is traditionally held by the chief of Guahma district, an hereditary position.
  11. ^ The throne of the grand chef on Lifou Island, which also rules Ouvéa, is traditionally held by the chief of Lössi district, an hereditary position.
  12. ^ Commonly referred to as the "Māori King Movement". Its elected ariki nui is often called the "Māori King" due to his nationalistic influence over all Māori tribes as a symbol of unity. This title is not officially recognised by the government of New Zealand.
  13. ^ Te Wherowhero is the lineage of the first king. It belongs to the Waikato iwi, which is part of the Tainui confederation.
  14. ^ The monarch is appointed for life by the chiefs of the tribes involved in the Kīngitanga movement. Traditionally, selection is limited to direct descendants of the first king: Pōtatau I, of the Waikato tribe. However, in principle inheritance is open to any lineage should the electing chiefs be in agreement.
  15. ^ Palau is divided into 16 traditional polities. The 16-seat Council of Chiefs, made up of the traditional chiefs from each constituent state, is an advisory body to the President. The chiefs of Koror and Melekeok, the highest chiefs from Eoueldaob and Babeldaob respectively, are recognised as the two paramount chiefs of the nation.
  16. ^ a b This is not the name of the ruling house or clan: it is the ritual name used by the successive chiefs from this lineage.
  17. ^ a b Chiefs are selected by the most senior women of the ruling clan.
  18. ^ There are four paramount chiefs in Samoa, each presiding over a royal lineage (Tama a 'Āiga) of past kings. Chiefs are afforded considerable power. The national parliament, the Fono, is composed exclusively of chiefly titleholders (matai). The office of head of state (the O le Ao o le Malo) is traditionally reserved for the paramount chiefs, although this is not required by the Constitution.
  19. ^ Tufuga Efi has held the chiefly title of Tui Atua Fa'asavali since 1 July 1983.
  20. ^ Va'aletoa Sualauvi has been the head of state since 21 July 2017.
  21. ^ The throne of the Mata'afa has been vacant since 1997; little other information is available.
  22. ^ The lineage associated with this title consists of three branches: Sa Moli, Sa Talavou and Sa Natuitasina (also spelled Gatuitasina). As the succession law dictates, heirs of all three branches are equally entitled to hold the title, and accession of an heir to the title is subject to nomination and consensus from all three branches. The most recent titleholders have been from the Moli sept.
  23. ^ Each island or atoll has a traditional high chief, the ulu-aliki, who is recognised by and plays an active ceremonial role in the national government. Thrones are primarily elective, but candidates are limited to members of a number of chiefly clans.
  24. ^ Funafuti's traditional chieftaincy is limited to senior members of two chiefly clans: Te Aliki a Mua, and Te Aliki a Muli. By custom, succession rotates between the two lineages.
  25. ^ The high chief, or Pulefenua, is elected by a council of chiefs (the Fale Kaupule) from senior members of Nanumea's seven chiefly clans, all of which claim descent from the first settlers.
  26. ^ The king is elected by a council of chiefs from the senior members of the kingdom's four chiefly clans.
  27. ^ The king is elected by a council of chiefs from the senior members of the kingdom's three chiefly clans: the Tamole, the Keletaona, and the Safoka.
  28. ^ The king is elected, traditionally for ten years, by a council of ministers from the senior members of the kingdom's royal clans. These clans correspond to the three districts of the island: Hahake, Hihifo, and Muʻa. The present king is of the Hihifo clan.
  29. ^ Her full name is "Ada Teaupurepure Tetupu".
  30. ^ The two high chiefs on Manihiki also traditionally reign over neighbouring Rakahanga. They represent the populace of both islands in the area Ariki.
  31. ^ The title is also often written as Whakaheo Ariki.
  32. ^ Arikis of this line belong to either the Numatua or Tiangarotonga tribes.
  33. ^ The throne of Te Faingaitu Ariki (alternatively Whaingaitu) is vacant. It is apparently disputed between members of the eligible tribes, but no information is available on the claimants.
  34. ^ Arikis of this line belong to either the Heahiro or Mokopuwai tribes.
  35. ^ Sources are unclear on the name of the current Tamuera Ariki (often written Samuela Ariki).
  36. ^ His name is sometimes written "Te Maeva" or simply "Maeva".
  37. ^ The Makea Nui Ariki is one of three high chiefs in the Te Au o Tonga tribe on Rarotonga. The previous ariki died in 1994, and her successor has yet to be agreed upon. Several members of the tribe claim rightful inheritance of the title. Succession is traditionally limited to the Rangi Makea clan; the three other clans of the tribe (Sadaraka, Mere and Upokotokoa) are considered junior branches. Mere Maraea MacQuarrie, the youngest daughter of the last ariki, is the only known claimant from the Rangi Makea clan, and is apparently the contender most likely to be granted the title. Other contenders include Stanley Adam Hunt, Yolande Browne, and Matapo Oti Oti, all of whom claim descent from the earlier arikis. The first of these, Hunt, was "invested" with the Makea Nui title under the regnal name "Takaia Tutavake"; the ceremony, which took place 16 May 2009, was not recognised by the government.
  38. ^ Her full regnal name is "Tapaeru Teariki Upokotini Marie", most commonly known as "Pa Marie".
  39. ^ There are three separate lineages eligible for the Puaikura Royalty, all of which descend from Tinomana Enuarurutini (ca. 1820–1854) the King of Puaikura and one of his three wives. They are (in order of seniority): Te Pori a Pa, Oakirangi, and Akaiti a Rua. The current Tinomana Ariki revert to the first and only married wive "Te Pori a Pa line".

References edit

  1. ^ "After Landmark Territorial Win, Naso People of Panama Look to the Future". NACLA. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Forest Defenders: A Panamanian Tribe Regains Control of Its Lands". Yale E360. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
  3. ^ "President congratulates new queen of the Santa Rose First People | Loop Caribbean News". Loop News. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  4. ^ Boucher, Alicia (13 October 2019). "Weekend Spotlight: Carib Queen Crowned". Caribbean Communications Network. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  5. ^ "A queen's simple life". Trinidad Express Newspapers. 17 October 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  6. ^ "Funeral rites for Grand Chief of First Peoples in Moruga today". www.guardian.co.tt. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  7. ^ SilVa, Rad-HiCa De. "Memorial to be built soon for late Chief Navarro". www.guardian.co.tt. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  8. ^ "Web Oficial de la Casa Real Afroboliviana". www.casarealafroboliviana.org.
  9. ^ "Marshall Islands celebrate first 'Iroojlaplap' chief coronation in 50 years". Majuro, Marshall Islands: France 24. 22 July 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  10. ^ Cahoon, Ben. "Marshall Islands Traditional Polities". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  11. ^ Jaynes, Bill (17 February 2010). "PRC Ambassador Zhang Weidong turns over Pohnpei State Government building to the FSM". Kaselehlie Press. Peilapalap, Pohnpei. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  12. ^ Riesenberg, Saul H. (1968). "The Native Polity of Ponape" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology. 10 (10). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press: 1–115. doi:10.5479/si.00810223.10.1. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  13. ^ "President Nena Was Bestowed Traditional Title" (Press release). Government of the Federated States of Micronesia. 20 November 1997. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  14. ^ Congressional Journal: First Regular Session (PDF), Palikir, Pohnpei: Fifteenth Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia, 11 May 2007, retrieved 14 June 2010[permanent dead link]
  15. ^ Godard, Philippe (1980). Le mémorial Calédonien, Volume 8: 1970-1981 (in French). Nouméa: Art Calédoniennes. pp. 43, 60, 101.
  16. ^ Staff (7 June 2007). "Grand chef à 33 ans". Les Nouvelles Calédoniennes (in French). Maré, New Caledonia. Retrieved 14 June 2010.
  17. ^ . Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  18. ^ Staff (21 August 2006). "New Zealand Maori choose new king". BBC News. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  19. ^ . Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  20. ^ Cahoon, Ben. "Traditional chiefs of Palau". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  21. ^ "Tupua Tamasese". Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  22. ^ "Tuimaleali'ifano". Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  23. ^ "Mata'afa". Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  24. ^ "Malietoa". Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  25. ^ "Un roi, Pomare XI, et bientôt une Principauté". 18 April 2023.
  26. ^ "Te Kakeega II: National Strategies for Sustainable Development: 2005–2015: Malefatuga Declaration" (PDF). Government of Tuvalu; Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Industries; Economic Research and Policy Division. Funafuti: United Nations. November 2005. p. 27. Retrieved 14 June 2010..
  27. ^ Faaniu, Simati (1983). Laracy, Hugh (ed.). Tuvalu: A History. Suva, Fiji: IPS Publications, University of the South Pacific.
  28. ^ Cahoon, Ben. "Wallis and Futuna Islands". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  29. ^ Soszynski, Henry. . Genealogical Gleanings. University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  30. ^ a b c d . Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership. Christensen, Martin. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  31. ^ a b (Press release). Government of the Cook Islands. 7 August 2003. Archived from the original on 1 October 2010. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  32. ^ a b c d e Staff (16 June 2008). "Proclamation by the Ui Ariki". The Cook Islands Herald. Rarotonga: Cook Islands Herald Online. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  33. ^ a b Kautai, Ngatupuna (1991). Atiu: an island community. Suva, Fiji: IPS Publications, University of the South Pacific. pp. 30–32. ISBN 978-982-02-0163-7.
  34. ^ Melina Etches (23 June 2021). "Tupuna Ngamaru the new Ngamaru Ariki". Cook Islands News. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  35. ^ Melina Etches (29 August 2020). "Mangaia investiture: 'Biggest event of their lives'". Cook Islands News. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  36. ^ Buck, Sir Peter Henry (1932). Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga. Honolulu, Hawaii: Bernice P. Bishop Museum. pp. 28–65.
  37. ^ Moekaʻa, Moana (31 December 2009). . Cook Islands News. Rarotonga: Cook Islands News Online. Archived from the original on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  38. ^ Losirene Lacanivalu (28 November 2020). "The queen of happiness". Cook Islands News. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  39. ^ Melina Etches (9 November 2022). "Aliki Makirai Henry new Ariki for Pukapuka". Cook Islands News. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
  40. ^ Melina Etches (19 November 2020). "From one generation to the next: Rarotonga prepares for a historic investiture". Cook Islands News. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
  41. ^ "Cooks invest new tribal leader". RNZ. 13 December 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  42. ^ Staff (22 April 2009). "Changes to succession to Makea Nui tribal title?". The Cook Islands Herald. Rarotonga: Cook Islands Herald Online. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  43. ^ Moekaʻa, Moana (16 May 2009). . Cook Islands News. Rarotonga: Cook Islands News Online. Archived from the original on 30 May 2009. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  44. ^ Moekaʻa, Moana (14 January 2009). . Cook Islands News. Rarotonga: Cook Islands News Online. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  45. ^ Staff (13 October 2008). "Makea contender wanting to rewrite history?". The Cook Islands Herald. Rarotonga: Cook Islands Herald Online. Retrieved 17 June 2010.
  46. ^ Jonassen, Jon (2007). "Cook Islands". The Contemporary Pacific. 19 (1). University of Hawaiʻi Press: 207–213. doi:10.1353/cp.2007.0017. ISSN 1527-9464. S2CID 258057098.
  47. ^ Staff (20 November 2002). "Queen still chief of Fiji". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney: Sydney Morning Herald Online. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  48. ^ . Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
  49. ^ "Tongan Titles". Genealogical Gleanings. Henry Soszynski, University of Queensland. Retrieved 18 June 2010.

Further reading edit

  • Soszynski, Henry (1996–2010). . University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2010.
  • Tick, Donald P. (2007–2010). "Royal Timor: Kings, Rajas and Dynasties of Timor". Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  • Van Klinken, Gerry (2007). "Return of the Sultans: The Communitarian Turn in Local Politics". The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics: The Deployment of Adat from Colonialism to Indigenism. London: Routledge: 149–169. SSRN 1309406.

January 01, 1970
list, current, sovereign, monarchs, current, sovereign, monarchs, list, current, monarchs, sovereign, states, this, list, currently, reigning, constituent, monarchs, including, traditional, rulers, governing, constitutional, monarchs, each, monarch, listed, be. For current sovereign monarchs see List of current monarchs of sovereign states This is a list of currently reigning constituent monarchs including traditional rulers and governing constitutional monarchs Each monarch listed below reigns over a legally recognised dominion but in most cases possess little or no sovereign governing power Their titles however are recognised by the state Entries are listed beside their respective dominions and are grouped by country Contents 1 African monarchs 2 Asian monarchs 3 European Monarchs 4 North American monarchs 5 South American monarchs 6 Oceanian monarchs 6 1 Cook Islands 6 2 Others 7 See also 8 Notes 8 1 North America 8 2 Oceania 9 References 10 Further readingAfrican monarchs editMain article List of current constituent African monarchsAsian monarchs editMain article List of current constituent Asian monarchsEuropean Monarchs editState Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs nbsp Guernsey nbsp Sark Christopher Beaumont 3 July 2016 Beaumont HereditaryNorth American monarchs editThis is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs nbsp Panama nbsp Naso Tjer Di Comarca Reynaldo Santana 02 Oct 2011 Santana Elective and hereditary 1 2 nbsp Trinidad and Tobago Santa Rosa First Peoples Community Nona Aquan 12 Oct 2019 Aquan Elective and hereditary 3 4 5 First People of Moruga Eric Lewis 21 Feb 2022 Lewis Elective and hereditary 6 7 South American monarchs editThis is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs nbsp Bolivia nbsp Afro Bolivians Julio Pinedo 18 April 1992 Pinedo Hereditary 8 Oceanian monarchs editThis is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs nbsp American Samoa Manu a Tu i Manu a Vacant 6 July 1904 Elective and hereditary nbsp Fiji Fiji Tui Viti Vacant Elective and hereditary nbsp Marshall Islands oc 1 Kwajalein Iroijlaplap Michael Kabua 19 September 2019 Kabua Elective and hereditary 9 North Ratak oc 2 Iroijlaplap Remios Hermios 10 December 1998 Hermios Elective and hereditary 10 nbsp Federated States of Micronesia Madolenihmw Nahnmwarki Kerpet Ehpel oc 3 November 2008 Dipwinpahnmei oc 4 Elective and hereditary 11 12 Sokehs Nahnmwarki Herculano Kohler 1997 Sounkawad Elective and hereditary 13 Uh Nahnmwarki Welter John oc 5 30 September 1991 Lasialap oc 6 Elective and hereditary 14 nbsp New Caledonia Kunie High Chief Hilarion Vendegou 26 September 1974 oc 7 Vao oc 8 Hereditary 15 Mare High Chief Dokucas Naisseline 6 June 2007 Naisseline oc 9 Hereditary oc 10 16 Lifou High Chief Evanes Boula 13 June 1999 Boula oc 8 Hereditary oc 11 17 nbsp New Zealand nbsp Kingitanga oc 12 Arikinui Tuheitia 21 August 2006 Te Wherowhero oc 13 Elective and hereditary oc 14 18 Tuwharetoa Arikinui Tumu Te Heuheu Tukino VIII 5 August 1997 Te Heuheu Hereditary 19 nbsp Palau oc 15 nbsp Koror Vacant Ngerekldeu oc 16 Elective and Hereditary oc 17 20 nbsp Melekeok Reklai Bao Ngirmang 1998 Ngetelngal oc 16 Elective and Hereditary oc 17 nbsp Samoa oc 18 Tupua Tamasese Tupuola Tufuga Efi oc 19 1 July 1983 Sa Tupua Elective and hereditary 21 Tuimaleali ifano Va aletoa Sualauvi II oc 20 1977 Tuia ana Elective and hereditary 22 Vacant oc 21 December 1997 Sa Mata afa Elective and hereditary 23 Malietoa Fa amausili Moli 16 August 2018 Sa Malietoa Elective and hereditary oc 22 24 nbsp Tahiti Tahiti Teriʻihinoiatua Joinville Hinoiariki Pomare XI 19 April 2023 Pōmare Elective and hereditary 25 nbsp Tuvalu oc 23 Funafuti Aliki Siaosi Finiki Elective and hereditary oc 24 26 27 Nanumanga Aliki Talivai Sovola Mouhala Elective and hereditary Nanumea Aliki Iliala Lima Elective and hereditary oc 25 Niutao Aliki Iosefa Lagafaoa Elective and hereditary Nui Aliki Falani Mekuli Elective and hereditary Nukufetau Aliki Valoaga Fonotapu Elective and hereditary Nukulaelae Aliki Aifou Tafia Elective and hereditary Vaitupu Aliki Londoni Panapa Elective and hereditary nbsp Wallis and Futuna nbsp Alo Tuʻi Lino Leleivai 29 November 2018 Lalolalo Elective and hereditary oc 26 28 nbsp Sigave Tuʻi Eufenio Takala 5 March 2016 Vanai Elective and hereditary oc 27 citation needed nbsp Uvea Tuʻi Felice Tominiko Halagahu co claimant 16 April 2016 Takumasiva Elective and hereditary oc 28 29 Tuʻi Patalione Kanimoa co claimant 17 April 2016 Cook Islands edit Each major atoll in the Cook Islands has a number of arikis ceremonial high chiefs who together form the Are Ariki a parliamentary advisory body with up to 24 seats The only domains not listed below are those of Manuae on which current information is inadequate and Penrhyn whose chiefly line is extinct Styles and names are listed in their conventional local form In addition to the generic title of ariki which is worn at the end of one s name each chiefly line carries its own unique style which is placed at the beginning Thus if the chief s name is Henry and his title is Ngamaru he is styled Ngamaru Henry Ariki State Polity Monarch Since House Succession Refs nbsp Cook Islands Aitutaki Manarangi Tutai Ariki 2000 Vaipaepae o Pau Hereditary 30 Tamatoa Purua Ariki Hereditary 31 Vaeruarangi Teaukura Ariki Hereditary 32 Atiu Parua Mataio Kea Ariki Nurau Hereditary 33 Rongomatane Ada Ariki oc 29 1972 Paruarangi Hereditary 30 Ngamaru Tupuna Ariki 2021 Te Akatuira Hereditary 34 Mangaia Numangatini Tereapii Ariki 29 August 2020 Nga Ariki Hereditary 35 nbsp Manihiki oc 30 Te Fakaheo Ariki oc 31 Hukutahu oc 32 Hereditary 32 36 Vacant oc 33 Matangaro oc 34 Hereditary Mauke Tamuera Ariki oc 35 Nurau Hereditary 33 Tararo Temaeva Ariki oc 36 Paruarangi Hereditary 32 Te Au Marae Ariki Te Akatuira Hereditary 37 Mitiaro Tou Travel Ariki Nurau Hereditary 31 Tetava Poitirere Ariki Paruarangi Hereditary 32 Temaeu Teikamata Ariki 20 February 1985 38 Te Akatuira Hereditary 32 Pukapuka Aliki Makirai Henry June 2022 Pukapuka Hereditary 39 nbsp Rarotonga Makea Vakatini Phillip Ngamatoa Ariki 20 July 2020 Te Au o Tonga Hereditary 40 George Taripo Karika Ariki 13 December 2018 Hereditary 41 Vacant oc 37 1994 Hereditary 42 43 44 45 Pa Tapaeru Marie Ariki oc 38 27 June 1990 Takitumu Hereditary 30 Kainuku Kapiriterangi Ariki 6 May 2006 Hereditary 46 Tinomana Tokerau Ariki 21 Nov 2013 Puaikura oc 39 Hereditary 30 Others edit In Fiji which became a colony of the United Kingdom in 1874 the British monarchs were historically bestowed the title Tui Viti which translates as King of Fiji or Paramount Chief of Fiji The last holder of the title from 6 February 1952 was Queen Elizabeth II of the House of Windsor The state became a republic in 1987 abolishing the title by establishing a new constitution The former Great Council of Chiefs however still recognised Elizabeth II as Tui Viti as the nation s traditional queen and its supreme tribal chief despite no longer holding a constitutional office Consequently while Fiji remains a republic a monarch or paramount chief is still recognised by traditional tribal politics The Queen made no official claim to the Tui Viti throne although until at least 2002 she remained open to the possibility of a constitutional restoration of the monarchy 47 Native chiefs in Fiji are considered members of the nobility The House of Chiefs consisting of about 70 chiefs of various rank determined by a loosely defined order of precedence was modeled after the British House of Lords 48 Tongan chiefs subordinate to a king are also considered nobles and have therefore been excluded from the above list 49 In American Samoa there are 14 paramount chiefs with Manu a traditionally subordinate to the Tu i Manu a a title that is now considered purely historical the last titleholder Elisala died 2 July 1909 The paramount chiefly titles are on Tutuila Faumuina Lei ato Letuli Fuimaono Tuitele Satele Mauga and in the Manu a Islands Laolagi Aso au Lefiti Sotoa Galea i Misa and Tuiolosega See also editEthnarch Heads of former ruling families Imperial royal and noble ranks List of current monarchs of sovereign states List of current reigning monarchs by length of reign List of monarchies Lists of monarchs Traditional authority List of current sovereign monarchs List of longest reigning current monarchsNotes editNorth America edit Oceania edit The government of the Marshall Islands recognises 12 chiefly domains called mojen each headed by one or several paramount chiefs Each domain is represented in the Council of Iroij an advisory body of traditional chiefs guaranteed by the Constitution This domain covers the islands of Ailuk Aur Maloelap Taongi Utirik and Wotje in the Ratak Chain Its ruling clan has also laid claim to nearby Wake Island under the name Eneen Kio This chief is normally referred to as the Isipahu The ruling line belongs specifically to the Inenkatau or Upwutenmai sept of the Dipwinpahnmei clan This chief is normally referred to as the Sangiro The ruling line belongs specifically to the Sounpasedo sept of the Lasialap clan Hilarion was recognised as grand chef in 1974 but due to a violent succession dispute with his relative Jean Marie Vendegou was not formally enthroned until 7 July 1979 He is also the mayor of the island commune until 2014 a b A Kanak dynasty The Naisseline family is a branch of the Netche a tribe of Kanaks The throne of the grand chef on Mare Island is traditionally held by the chief of Guahma district an hereditary position The throne of the grand chef on Lifou Island which also rules Ouvea is traditionally held by the chief of Lossi district an hereditary position Commonly referred to as the Maori King Movement Its elected ariki nui is often called the Maori King due to his nationalistic influence over all Maori tribes as a symbol of unity This title is not officially recognised by the government of New Zealand Te Wherowhero is the lineage of the first king It belongs to the Waikato iwi which is part of the Tainui confederation The monarch is appointed for life by the chiefs of the tribes involved in the Kingitanga movement Traditionally selection is limited to direct descendants of the first king Pōtatau I of the Waikato tribe However in principle inheritance is open to any lineage should the electing chiefs be in agreement Palau is divided into 16 traditional polities The 16 seat Council of Chiefs made up of the traditional chiefs from each constituent state is an advisory body to the President The chiefs of Koror and Melekeok the highest chiefs from Eoueldaob and Babeldaob respectively are recognised as the two paramount chiefs of the nation a b This is not the name of the ruling house or clan it is the ritual name used by the successive chiefs from this lineage a b Chiefs are selected by the most senior women of the ruling clan There are four paramount chiefs in Samoa each presiding over a royal lineage Tama a Aiga of past kings Chiefs are afforded considerable power The national parliament the Fono is composed exclusively of chiefly titleholders matai The office of head of state the O le Ao o le Malo is traditionally reserved for the paramount chiefs although this is not required by the Constitution Tufuga Efi has held the chiefly title of Tui Atua Fa asavali since 1 July 1983 Va aletoa Sualauvi has been the head of state since 21 July 2017 The throne of the Mata afa has been vacant since 1997 little other information is available The lineage associated with this title consists of three branches Sa Moli Sa Talavou and Sa Natuitasina also spelled Gatuitasina As the succession law dictates heirs of all three branches are equally entitled to hold the title and accession of an heir to the title is subject to nomination and consensus from all three branches The most recent titleholders have been from the Moli sept Each island or atoll has a traditional high chief the ulu aliki who is recognised by and plays an active ceremonial role in the national government Thrones are primarily elective but candidates are limited to members of a number of chiefly clans Funafuti s traditional chieftaincy is limited to senior members of two chiefly clans Te Aliki a Mua and Te Aliki a Muli By custom succession rotates between the two lineages The high chief or Pulefenua is elected by a council of chiefs the Fale Kaupule from senior members of Nanumea s seven chiefly clans all of which claim descent from the first settlers The king is elected by a council of chiefs from the senior members of the kingdom s four chiefly clans The king is elected by a council of chiefs from the senior members of the kingdom s three chiefly clans the Tamole the Keletaona and the Safoka The king is elected traditionally for ten years by a council of ministers from the senior members of the kingdom s royal clans These clans correspond to the three districts of the island Hahake Hihifo and Muʻa The present king is of the Hihifo clan Her full name is Ada Teaupurepure Tetupu The two high chiefs on Manihiki also traditionally reign over neighbouring Rakahanga They represent the populace of both islands in the area Ariki The title is also often written as Whakaheo Ariki Arikis of this line belong to either the Numatua or Tiangarotonga tribes The throne of Te Faingaitu Ariki alternatively Whaingaitu is vacant It is apparently disputed between members of the eligible tribes but no information is available on the claimants Arikis of this line belong to either the Heahiro or Mokopuwai tribes Sources are unclear on the name of the current Tamuera Ariki often written Samuela Ariki His name is sometimes written Te Maeva or simply Maeva The Makea Nui Ariki is one of three high chiefs in the Te Au o Tonga tribe on Rarotonga The previous ariki died in 1994 and her successor has yet to be agreed upon Several members of the tribe claim rightful inheritance of the title Succession is traditionally limited to the Rangi Makea clan the three other clans of the tribe Sadaraka Mere and Upokotokoa are considered junior branches Mere Maraea MacQuarrie the youngest daughter of the last ariki is the only known claimant from the Rangi Makea clan and is apparently the contender most likely to be granted the title Other contenders include Stanley Adam Hunt Yolande Browne and Matapo Oti Oti all of whom claim descent from the earlier arikis The first of these Hunt was invested with the Makea Nui title under the regnal name Takaia Tutavake the ceremony which took place 16 May 2009 was not recognised by the government Her full regnal name is Tapaeru Teariki Upokotini Marie most commonly known as Pa Marie There are three separate lineages eligible for the Puaikura Royalty all of which descend from Tinomana Enuarurutini ca 1820 1854 the King of Puaikura and one of his three wives They are in order of seniority Te Pori a Pa Oakirangi and Akaiti a Rua The current Tinomana Ariki revert to the first and only married wive Te Pori a Pa line References edit After Landmark Territorial Win Naso People of Panama Look to the Future NACLA Retrieved 6 September 2022 Forest Defenders A Panamanian Tribe Regains Control of Its Lands Yale E360 Retrieved 6 September 2022 President congratulates new queen of the Santa Rose First People Loop Caribbean News Loop News Retrieved 19 April 2023 Boucher Alicia 13 October 2019 Weekend Spotlight Carib Queen Crowned Caribbean Communications Network Retrieved 19 April 2023 A queen s simple life Trinidad Express Newspapers 17 October 2019 Retrieved 19 April 2023 Funeral rites for Grand Chief of First Peoples in Moruga today www guardian co tt Retrieved 19 April 2023 SilVa Rad HiCa De Memorial to be built soon for late Chief Navarro www guardian co tt Retrieved 19 April 2023 Web Oficial de la Casa Real Afroboliviana www casarealafroboliviana org Marshall Islands celebrate first Iroojlaplap chief coronation in 50 years Majuro Marshall Islands France 24 22 July 2022 Retrieved 8 March 2023 Cahoon Ben Marshall Islands Traditional Polities World Statesmen org Retrieved 13 June 2010 Jaynes Bill 17 February 2010 PRC Ambassador Zhang Weidong turns over Pohnpei State Government building to the FSM Kaselehlie Press Peilapalap Pohnpei Retrieved 14 June 2010 Riesenberg Saul H 1968 The Native Polity of Ponape PDF Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology 10 10 Washington D C Smithsonian Institution Press 1 115 doi 10 5479 si 00810223 10 1 Retrieved 13 June 2010 President Nena Was Bestowed Traditional Title Press release Government of the Federated States of Micronesia 20 November 1997 Retrieved 14 June 2010 Congressional Journal First Regular Session PDF Palikir Pohnpei Fifteenth Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia 11 May 2007 retrieved 14 June 2010 permanent dead link Godard Philippe 1980 Le memorial Caledonien Volume 8 1970 1981 in French Noumea Art Caledoniennes pp 43 60 101 Staff 7 June 2007 Grand chef a 33 ans Les Nouvelles Caledoniennes in French Mare New Caledonia Retrieved 14 June 2010 Lifou Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Archived from the original on 13 June 2011 Retrieved 12 June 2010 Staff 21 August 2006 New Zealand Maori choose new king BBC News Retrieved 12 June 2010 Ngati Tuwharetoa Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Archived from the original on 10 March 2011 Retrieved 12 June 2010 Cahoon Ben Traditional chiefs of Palau World Statesmen org Retrieved 13 June 2010 Tupua Tamasese Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Retrieved 18 June 2010 Tuimaleali ifano Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Retrieved 18 June 2010 Mata afa Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Retrieved 18 June 2010 Malietoa Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Retrieved 18 June 2010 Un roi Pomare XI et bientot une Principaute 18 April 2023 Te Kakeega II National Strategies for Sustainable Development 2005 2015 Malefatuga Declaration PDF Government of Tuvalu Ministry of Finance Economic Planning and Industries Economic Research and Policy Division Funafuti United Nations November 2005 p 27 Retrieved 14 June 2010 Faaniu Simati 1983 Laracy Hugh ed Tuvalu A History Suva Fiji IPS Publications University of the South Pacific Cahoon Ben Wallis and Futuna Islands World Statesmen org Retrieved 28 April 2010 Soszynski Henry Wallis Genealogical Gleanings University of Queensland Archived from the original on 13 June 2011 Retrieved 28 April 2010 a b c d Female Head of State of the Cook Islands Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership Christensen Martin Archived from the original on 6 June 2011 Retrieved 18 June 2010 a b Mitiaro ariki re elected House president Press release Government of the Cook Islands 7 August 2003 Archived from the original on 1 October 2010 Retrieved 18 June 2010 a b c d e Staff 16 June 2008 Proclamation by the Ui Ariki The Cook Islands Herald Rarotonga Cook Islands Herald Online Retrieved 18 June 2010 a b Kautai Ngatupuna 1991 Atiu an island community Suva Fiji IPS Publications University of the South Pacific pp 30 32 ISBN 978 982 02 0163 7 Melina Etches 23 June 2021 Tupuna Ngamaru the new Ngamaru Ariki Cook Islands News Retrieved 25 June 2021 Melina Etches 29 August 2020 Mangaia investiture Biggest event of their lives Cook Islands News Retrieved 4 September 2020 Buck Sir Peter Henry 1932 Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga Honolulu Hawaii Bernice P Bishop Museum pp 28 65 Moekaʻa Moana 31 December 2009 Oliveta celebrates centenary Cook Islands News Rarotonga Cook Islands News Online Archived from the original on 30 May 2009 Retrieved 18 June 2010 Losirene Lacanivalu 28 November 2020 The queen of happiness Cook Islands News Retrieved 29 November 2020 Melina Etches 9 November 2022 Aliki Makirai Henry new Ariki for Pukapuka Cook Islands News Retrieved 10 November 2022 Melina Etches 19 November 2020 From one generation to the next Rarotonga prepares for a historic investiture Cook Islands News Retrieved 20 November 2020 Cooks invest new tribal leader RNZ 13 December 2018 Retrieved 7 August 2020 Staff 22 April 2009 Changes to succession to Makea Nui tribal title The Cook Islands Herald Rarotonga Cook Islands Herald Online Retrieved 17 June 2010 Moekaʻa Moana 16 May 2009 Another makes claim for Makea Nui title Cook Islands News Rarotonga Cook Islands News Online Archived from the original on 30 May 2009 Retrieved 17 June 2010 Moekaʻa Moana 14 January 2009 Tahiti claimant seeks title Cook Islands News Rarotonga Cook Islands News Online Archived from the original on 16 July 2011 Retrieved 17 June 2010 Staff 13 October 2008 Makea contender wanting to rewrite history The Cook Islands Herald Rarotonga Cook Islands Herald Online Retrieved 17 June 2010 Jonassen Jon 2007 Cook Islands The Contemporary Pacific 19 1 University of Hawaiʻi Press 207 213 doi 10 1353 cp 2007 0017 ISSN 1527 9464 S2CID 258057098 Staff 20 November 2002 Queen still chief of Fiji The Sydney Morning Herald Sydney Sydney Morning Herald Online Retrieved 18 June 2010 Fijian Chiefly Titles Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Archived from the original on 13 June 2011 Retrieved 18 June 2010 Tongan Titles Genealogical Gleanings Henry Soszynski University of Queensland Retrieved 18 June 2010 Further reading editSoszynski Henry 1996 2010 Genealogical Gleanings University of Queensland Archived from the original on 22 May 2010 Retrieved 19 April 2010 Tick Donald P 2007 2010 Royal Timor Kings Rajas and Dynasties of Timor Retrieved 28 April 2010 Van Klinken Gerry 2007 Return of the Sultans The Communitarian Turn in Local Politics The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics The Deployment of Adat from Colonialism to Indigenism London Routledge 149 169 SSRN 1309406 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of current non sovereign monarchs amp oldid 1219701847 cite note Tuvalu 48, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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