Ubon Ratchathani province
Ubon Ratchathani (Thai: อุบลราชธานี, pronounced [ʔù.bōn râːt.t͡ɕʰā.tʰāː.nīː]), often shortened to Ubon (อุบลฯ), is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces lies in lower northeastern Thailand also called Isan. Ubon is about 630 km (390 mi) from Bangkok.[4] Neighboring provinces are (from west clockwise) Sisaket, Yasothon, and Amnat Charoen. To the north and east it borders Salavan and Champasak of Laos, to the south Preah Vihear of Cambodia.
Ubon Ratchathani อุบลราชธานี | |
|---|---|
From left to right, top to bottom : Pha Taem National Park, Wat Phra That Nong Bua, Prasat Ban Ben, Sam Phan Bok, Ubon Ratchathani University, Thung Si Mueang | |
Flag Seal | |
| Nickname: Ubon | |
Map of Thailand highlighting Ubon Ratchathani province | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Capital | Mueang Ubon Ratchathani |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Chonlatee Yangtrong (since October 2022)[1] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 15,626 km2 (6,033 sq mi) |
| • Rank | Ranked 5th |
| Population (2022)[3] | |
| • Total | 1,869,806 |
| • Rank | Ranked 3rd |
| • Density | 120/km2 (300/sq mi) |
| • Rank | Ranked 41st |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 34xxx |
| Calling code | 045 |
| ISO 3166 code | TH-34 |
| Website | www |
Geography
At Khong Chiam the Mun River, the biggest river of the Khorat Plateau, joins the Mekong, which forms the northeastern boundary of Thailand with Laos. It is called "Maenam Song Si" or the "Mun River alluvium" because the brown water from Mekong River mixes with the blue water of the Mun. It is about 84 km (52 mi) from Ubon Ratchathani city centre.[5]
The area in the Dângrêk Mountains where the borders of the three countries, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia meet is promoted as the "Emerald Triangle", in contrast to the "Golden Triangle" in the north of Thailand. "Emerald" refers to the largely intact monsoon forests there. The total forest area is 2,808 km2 (1,084 sq mi) or 18 percent of provincial area.[2]
History
The city was founded in the late 18th century by Thao Kham Phong, descendant of Phra Wo and Phra Ta, who escaped from King Siribunsan of Vientiane into Siam Kingdom during the reign of King Taksin the Great. Later Thao Kham Phong was appointed to be “Phra Pathum Wongsa" The first ruler of Ubon Ratchathani. In 1792, Ubon Ratchathani became a province, and was also the administrative center of the monthon Isan.
Until 1972, Ubon Ratchathani was the largest province of Thailand by area. Yasothon was split off from Ubon Ratchathani in 1972, followed by Amnat Charoen in 1993.
Before it became a province. Ubon Ratchathani was the administrative center of the monthon Isan, of which monthon Ubon was split off. In 1925 it became part of monthon Nakhon Ratchasima, with the abolishment of the monthon in 1933 the province became a first level subdivision of the country.
Symbols
The provincial seal shows a lotus flower in a pond. This alludes to the meaning of the name of the province, which translates to 'royal city of the lotus flower'. The provincial flower is the lotus (Nymphaea lotus). The provincial tree is the Yang-na (Dipterocarpus alatus).
Economy
Ubon Ratchathani is the nation's leading rice-producing province. It earns more than 10 billion baht a year from rice sales.[6]
Ubonratchathani has many coffee cafe around the city in both downtown and rural area. This business runs the city lively. People tend to hangout on the weekend.
National parks
Ubon Ratchathani boasts the following national parks:
- Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park is in the mountainous southern region of the province.[7]
- Kaeng Tana National Park is in Khong Chiam District.[8]
- Pha Taem National Park, plateaus and hills dominate the park landscape. The sheer cliffs here are a result of earthquakes. The interesting places in the national park are Pha Taem and Pha Kham. On the cliffs surfaces are numerous prehistoric cave paintings from 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. These paintings depict scenes of fishing, rice farming, figures of people, animals, hands and geometric designs that depict life during the pre-historic time and reflect the ancient lifestyle of the people who lived there.[9][10]
There are four national parks, along with two other national parks, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.
- Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park, 686 km2 (265 sq mi)[11]: 53
- Pha Taem National Park, 340 km2 (130 sq mi)[11]: 74
- Khao Phra Wihan National Park, 130 km2 (50 sq mi)[11]: 83
- Kaeng Tana National Park, 80 km2 (31 sq mi)[11]: 33
Wildlife sanctuaries
There are two wildlife sanctuaries, along with four other wildlife sanctuaries, make up region 9 (Ubon Ratchathani) of Thailand's protected areas.
Health
The main hospital of Ubon Ratchathani province is Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital.
Transportation
Air
Ubon Ratchathani is served by Ubon Ratchathani Airport.
Rail
Ubon Ratchathani Railway Station is the main railway station in Ubon Ratchathani.
Education
Ubon Ratchathani province is the home of Ubon Ratchathani University.
Administrative divisions
Provincial government
The province is divided into 25 districts (amphoe). The districts are further divided into 219 subdistricts (tambons) and 2,469 villages (mubans).
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Municipalities
| No. | City/Town | Thai | Urban Population[13] | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Ubon Ratchathani | เทศบาลนครอุบลราชธานี | 79,023 | Former capital of the province |
| 2. | Jaeramair | เทศบาลเมืองแจระแม | 11,092 | New capital and exurb of Ubon Ratchathani |
| 3. | Kham Yai | เทศบาลตำบลขามใหญ่ | 34,538 | Exurb of Ubon Ratchathani |
| 4. | Warin Chamrap | เทศบาลเมืองวารินชำราบ | 28,154 | Educational, railway terminal |
| 5. | Saen Suk | เทศบาลตำบลแสนสุข | 24,720 | Exurb, Warin Chamrap |
| 6. | Det Udom | เทศบาลเมืองเดชอุดม | 14,264 | Main provincial southern city |
| 7. | Kud Prathay | เทศบาลตำบลกุดประทาย | 13,382 | |
| 8. | Kholaen | เทศบาลตำบลคอแลน | 12,703 | |
| 9. | Thep Wongsa | เทศบาลตำบลเทพวงศา | ||
| 10. | Phibun Mangsahan | เทศบาลเมืองพิบูลมังสาหาร | 10,842 | Main provincial eastern city |
| 11. | Pathum | เทศบาลตำบลปทุม | 10,505 | Exurb, Ubon Ratchathani |
| 12. | Nong Phue | เทศบาลตำบลหนองผือ | 9,685 | |
| 13. | Trakan | เทศบาลตำบลตระการ | 9,082 | Main provincial northern city |
| 14. | Nam Yuen | เทศบาลตำบลน้ำยืน | 9,542 | |
| 15. | Kham Pom | เทศบาลตำบลขามป้อม | 9,209 | |
| 16. | Nikhom Sang Ton Eng Lum Dom Noi | เทศบาลตำบลนิมคมสร้างตนเองลำโดมน้อย | 7,538 | |
| 17. | Na Chaluay | เทศบาลตำบลนาจะหลวย | 7,470 | |
| 18. | Buangam | เทศบาลตำบลบัวงาม | 7,086 | |
| 19. | Na Yia | เทศบาลตำบลนาเยีย | 6,730 | |
| 20. | Khemmaratthani | เทศบาลตำบลเขมราฐ | 6,288 | |
| 21. | Ubon | เทศบาลตำบลอุบล | 6,101 | Exurb, Ubon Ratchathani |
| 22. | Khuang Nai | เทศบาลตำบลเขื่องใน | 4,751 | |
| 23. | Buntharik | เทศบาลตำบลบุณฑริก | 4,607 | |
| 24. | Sri Muangmai | เทศบาลตำบลศรีเมืองใหม่ | 4,284 | |
| 25. | Kud Khaopun | เทศบาลตำบลกุดข้าวปุ้น | 4,124 | |
| 26. | Chongmek | เทศบาลตำบลช่องเม็ก | 3,628 | |
| 27. | Muang Sam Sip | เทศบาลตำบลม่วงสามสิบ | 3,358 | |
| 28. | Huai Khayung | เทศบาลตำบลห้วยขะยูง | 3,346 | |
| 29. | Ang Sila | เทศบาลตำบลอ่างศิลา | 3,304 | |
| 30. | Tansum | เทศบาลตำบลตาลสุม | 3,267 | |
| 31. | Na Suang | เทศบาลตำบลนาส่วง | 3,215 | |
| 32. | Phosai | เทศบาลตำบลโพธิ์ไทร | 3,100 | |
| 33. | ฺBaan Dan - Khong Chium | เทศบาลตำบลบ้านด่านโขงเจียม | 2,741 | |
| 34. | Hua Na | เทศบาลตำบลหัวนา | N/A | |
| 35. | Muag Srikai | เทศบาลตำบลเมืองศรีไค | N/A | Exurb, Warin Chamrap |
| 36. | That | เทศบาลตำบลธาตุ | N/A | Educational city, exurb, Warin Chamrap |
Local government
As of 26 November 2019 there are:[14] one Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 60 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Ubon Ratchathani has city (thesaban nakhon) status. Chaeramae, Det Udom, Phibun Mangsahan and Warin Chamrap have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 54 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 179 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[3]
Gallery
Wat Tham Heo Sin Chai
Sao Chaliang or mushroom-like sandstone pillars, dated from the Cretaceous and Jurassic periods, Pha Taem National Park
Wat Sirindhorn Wararam Phu Phrao, Sirindhorn District
Sister cities
See also
References
- ^ "รายนามผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด" [List of Governors of Provinces of Thailand] (PDF). Ministry of Interior (Thailand). 2 December 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
- ^ a b "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562" [Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019]. Royal Forest Department (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2021, information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ a b รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ส.2562 [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior. stat.bora.dopa.go.th (in Thai). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
- ^ "Ubon Ratchathani". Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ . Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Archived from the original on 2015-09-12. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
- ^ Wipatayotin, Apinya (18 August 2018). "How to pad farmers' pockets". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Phu Chong Na Yoi National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Kaeng Tana National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ "Pha Taem National Park". Tourist Authority of Thailand (TAT). Retrieved 18 August 2018.
- ^ Pawaputanon, Oopatham (May 2007). "An Introduction to the Mekong Fisheries of Thailand" (PDF). Mekong Development Series No. 5. Vientiane: Mekong River Commission. ISSN 1680-4023. Retrieved 18 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง" [National Park Area Information published in the 133 Government Gazettes]. Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (in Thai). December 2020. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ a b "ตาราง 5 พื้นที่เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่า พ.ศ. 2562" [Table 5 Wildlife Sanctuary Areas in 2019] (PDF). Department of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Plant Conservation (in Thai). 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
- ^ Department of Provincial Administration (2014). "Official Statistics Registration System". Retrieved November 10, 2015.[failed verification]
- ^ "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019.
75 Ubon Ratchathani: 1 PAO, 1 City mun., 4 Town mun., 54 Subdistrict mun., 179 SAO.
External links
- Ubon Ratchathani travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Website of province (Thai only)
Coordinates: 15°13′46″N 104°51′04″E / 15.22944°N 104.85111°E