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USS Shoshone (ID-1760)

January 01, 1970

For other ships with the same name, see USS Shoshone, SS Manoa, and USS General G. W. Goethals.

USS Shoshone (ID-1760) was a German-built cargo liner that the United States Navy chartered during the First World War. She was launched in 1911 for the Hamburg America Line (HAPAG) as Wasgenwald. The Kerr Steamship Company bought her in 1917 and renamed her Shoshone. In 1919 she spent six months in the United States Navy, in which she made two round trips to and from France to repatriate US troops.

The ship as Wasgenwald
History
Name
  • 1912: Wasgenwald
  • 1917: Shoshone
  • 1920: Manoa
  • 1926: Grunewald
Namesake
Owner
Operator
Port of registry
BuilderBremer Vulkan, Vegesack
Yard number552
Launched30 December 1911
CompletedFebruary 1912
Commissionedinto US Navy, 19 Feb 1919
Decommissionedfrom US Navy, 5 Aug 1919
Identification
Fatescrapped 1932 or 1933
General characteristics
Typecargo liner
Tonnage4,708 GRT, 2,880 NRT
Displacement4,707 tons
Length
  • 367 ft 11 in (112.14 m) overall
  • 353.1 ft (107.6 m) registered
Beam48.7 ft (14.8 m)
Draft34 ft 2 in (10.4 m)
Depth25.0 ft (7.6 m)
Decks2
Installed power400 NHP; 3,200 ihp
Propulsion
Speed13 knots (24 km/h)
Capacitypassengers: 50 1st class
ComplementIn US Navy: 41
Armament
Notessister ships: Grunewald, Schwarzwald, Steigerwald

American Interlake Line bought her in 1920 and renamed her Manoa. Canada Steamship Lines bought her in 1921. In 1926 the Boston Iron & Metal Company bought her and sold her back to HAPAG, who renamed her Grunewald. She was scrapped in Germany in 1932 or 1933.

This was the first of two steamships that HAPAG named Wasgnenwald. The second was completed in 1922, seized and renamed in 1940, and sunk in 1943.[1] She was the also second of three steamships that HAPAG named Grunewald. The first was her sister ship, which the US seized and renamed General G. W. Goethals in 1917.[2] The third was a ship that was built in 1940, and HAPAG bought and renamed in 1951.[3]

Building edit

In 1907 and 1908 Furness, Withy & Co in England built a class of three single-screw ships for HAPAG: Westerwald, Spreewald, and Frankenwald.[4] In 1911 HAPAG ordered a class of four sister ships for the "–wald" class that were similar, but with a beam about 3.6 feet (1.1 m) wider; a quadruple-expansion engine instead of a triple-expansion engine; and built in Germany instead of in England. Bremer Vulkan in Bremen-Vegesack built two of the ships: Grunewald and Schwarzwald. Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft in Flensburg built Steigerwald, and Schichau-Werke in Danzig (now Gdańsk in Poland) built Wasgenwald.[5]

Bremer Vulkan built Wasgenwald as yard number 552.[6] She was launched on 30 December 1911 and completed her in 1912.[7] Her lengths were 367 ft 11 in (112.14 m) overall and 353.1 ft (107.6 m) registered. Her beam was 48.7 ft (14.8 m), her depth was 25.0 ft (7.6 m) and her draft was 34 ft 2 in (10.4 m). Her tonnages were 4,708 GRT, 2,880 NRT, and 4,707 tons displacement. She had berths for 50 first class passengers.[8][9]

Wasgenwald edit

HAPAG registered Wasgenwald in Hamburg. Her code letters were RSDV.[8] She was equipped with wireless telegraphy, and by 1914 her call sign was DWG.[10]

Wasgenwald traded to the Caribbean and the East Coast of the United States. On 3 January 1913 she was slightly damaged in port in Newport News, Virginia when a "terrific windstorm" caused a coal barge to crash into her.[11] On 16 May that year she was delayed in Philadelphia by a longshoremen's strike.[12] In August 1913 the wife and family of former President of Venezuela Cipriano Castro crossed the Atlantic on Wasgenwald. They embarked in Tenerife on 6 August[13] and disembarked in Havana on 20 August.[14]

At 11:00 hrs on 1 August 1914, with the First World War imminent, HAPAG announced the suspension of its services.[15] Germany ordered its merchant ships to take refuge in the nearest German or neutral port. Wasgenwald took refuge in Saint Thomas in the Danish West Indies, where the Danish authorities sealed her wireless telegraph apparatus. On 26 September the Norwegian steamship Falk arrived from Brazil to take Wasgenwald's cargo, which was bound for Colón, Panama and ports in the Pacific.[16]

On 10 October 1914 a hurricane hit the Danish West Indies. It sank or drove ashore several ships in Saint Thomas.[17][18] Wasgenwald and another HAPAG ship, Calabria, dragged their anchors and were driven ashore.[19] Wasgenwald was refloated by 13 October.[20]

Shoshone edit

In August 1916 Denmark and the United States signed the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, under which the US was to buy the islands. The treaty was ratified in January 1917, and the territory became the United States Virgin Islands on 31 March. Also on 31 March, the Kerr Steamship Company bought Wasgenwald, renamed her Shoshone, and registered her in New York.[9] She was owned via the "Shoshone Navigation Corporation", which was a one-ship company. Her manager was listed as one "EF Geer".[21]

 
US troops embarking on Shoshone in 1919, presumably in Saint-Nazaire

In mid-October 1917 the United States Army chartered her. Later that month the 5th Naval District inspected her for possible naval use, and gave her the Naval Registry ID-1760. The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships says she was "probably" operated by the United States Shipping Board on Army account with a civilian crew for the remainder of the war.[9] Another source says the Army used her as a collier.[7] She was defensively armed with one 5-inch/51-caliber gun and one 3-inch/50-caliber gun.[22]

On 18 February 1919 Shoshone was commissioned into the US Navy at Shooters Island, New York, as USS Shoshone.[9] Her US Navy code letters were LHWB.[22] On 11 April she moved to Bush Terminal, Brooklyn, where she was dry docked. On 1 May she left New York on her first of two round trips to France. She reached Saint-Nazaire on 14 May, embarked members of the American Expeditionary Forces on 15 and 16 May, and left on 17 May. On 1 June she reached Philadelphia and disembarked her troops. On 5 June she left Philadelphia on the second of her two round trips. She reached Saint-Nazaire on 17 June, but waited until 1 July to embark her troops. She left on 2 July, and reached Bush Bluffs Army base in Virginia on 16 July. On 5 August she was decommissioned at Bush Bluffs, and returned to the Kerr Steamship Company.[9]

Manoa and Grunewald edit

 
The ship as Grunewald

In 1920 the American Interlake Line bought Shoshone and renamed her Manoa.[6] In 1921 Canada Steamship Lines bought her and registered her in London. Her UK official number was 143208, but neither Lloyd's Register nor the Mercantile Navy List records a set of code letters for her when she was registered in the UK.[23][24]

In 1926 the Boston Iron and Metal Company of Baltimore, Maryland bought Manoa, and sold her back to HAPAG.[6] A new HAPAG ship called Wasgenwald had been built in 1922,[1] so HAPAG gave Manoa the name of her sister ship Grunewald. HAPAG registered her in Hamburg, and her code letters were RFVW.[25] Deutsche Werft in Hamburg scrapped her in December 1932[2] or the first quarter of 1933.[6]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Haws 1980, p. 133.
  2. ^ a b Haws 1980, p. 104.
  3. ^ Haws 1980, p. 185.
  4. ^ Haws 1980, pp. 90, 99.
  5. ^ Haws 1980, pp. 104–105.
  6. ^ a b c d "Wasgenwald (2215631)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  7. ^ a b Silverstone 2006, p. 148.
  8. ^ a b Lloyd's Register 1912, WAS–WAT.
  9. ^ a b c d e "Shoshone I (Screw Steamer)". Naval History and Heritage Command. 9 September 2015. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  10. ^ The Marconi Press Agency Ltd 1914, p. 379.
  11. ^ "Coast swept by gale and many may be lost". New-York Tribune. 4 January 1913. p. 2. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  12. ^ "Ocean liners tied up by longshoreman strike". Newark Evening Star. 16 May 1913. p. 22. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  13. ^ "Castro's family embarks". Birmingham Age-Herald. 7 August 1913. p. 3. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  14. ^ "Mrs Castro has not seen husband". The Times Journal. Russell Springs, KY. 21 August 1913. p. 3. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  15. ^ "English lines stop ships to Continent". The New York Times. 2 August 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Times Machine.
  16. ^ "The Norwegian steamer "Falk"..." St. Croix Avis. No. 77. Christiansted. 26 September 1914. p. 4. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  17. ^ "St. Thomas, Oct. 10th". St. Croix Avis. No. 83. Christiansted. 14 October 1914. p. 2. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  18. ^ "The Hurricane". Supplement to St. Croix Avis. No. 83. Christiansted. 14 October 1914. p. 5. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  19. ^ "Devastation in cyclone's wake at West Indies". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 12 October 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  20. ^ "St. Thomas, Oct. 13th". St. Croix Avis. No. 83. Christiansted. 14 October 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via Library of Congress.
  21. ^ Lloyd's Register 1917, Supplement: S.
  22. ^ a b Radigan, Joseph M. "Shoshone (ID 1760)". NavSource Online. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  23. ^ Lloyd's Register 1924, MAN.
  24. ^ Mercantile Navy List 1923, 338.
  25. ^ Lloyd's Register 1927, GRO–GUA.

Bibliography edit

  • Haws, Duncan (1980). The Ships of the Hamburg America, Adler and Carr Lines. Merchant Fleets in Profile. Vol. 4. Cambridge: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 0-85059-397-2.
  • Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping. Vol. II.–Steamers. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1912 – via Internet Archive.
  • Lloyd's Register of Shipping. Vol. II.–Steamers. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1917 – via Internet Archive.
  • Lloyd's Register of Shipping. Vol. II.–Steamers. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1920 – via Internet Archive.
  • Lloyd's Register of Shipping. Vol. II.–Steamers and Motorships. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1924 – via Internet Archive.
  • Lloyd's Register of Shipping. Vol. II.–Steamers and Motorships. London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1927 – via Internet Archive.
  • The Marconi Press Agency Ltd (1914). The Year Book of Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony. London: The Marconi Press Agency Ltd.
  • Mercantile Navy List. London. 1923 – via Crew List Index Project.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Silverstone, Paul H (2006). The New Navy, 1883–1922. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-97871-8.

  Media related to USS Shoshone (ID-1760) at Wikimedia Commons

January 01, 1970
shoshone, 1760, other, ships, with, same, name, shoshone, manoa, general, goethals, german, built, cargo, liner, that, united, states, navy, chartered, during, first, world, launched, 1911, hamburg, america, line, hapag, wasgenwald, kerr, steamship, company, b. For other ships with the same name see USS Shoshone SS Manoa and USS General G W Goethals USS Shoshone ID 1760 was a German built cargo liner that the United States Navy chartered during the First World War She was launched in 1911 for the Hamburg America Line HAPAG as Wasgenwald The Kerr Steamship Company bought her in 1917 and renamed her Shoshone In 1919 she spent six months in the United States Navy in which she made two round trips to and from France to repatriate US troops The ship as WasgenwaldHistory Name1912 Wasgenwald 1917 Shoshone 1920 Manoa 1926 Grunewald Namesake1912 Vosges 1917 Shoshone 1920 Manoa 1926 Grunewald Owner1912 Hamburg America Line 1917 Shoshone Nav Corp 1920 American Interlake Line 1921 Canada Steamship Lines 1926 Boston Iron amp Metal Co 1926 Hamburg America Line Operator1917 EF Geer 1919 United States Navy Port of registry1912 Hamburg 1917 New York 1921 London 1926 Hamburg BuilderBremer Vulkan Vegesack Yard number552 Launched30 December 1911 CompletedFebruary 1912 Commissionedinto US Navy 19 Feb 1919 Decommissionedfrom US Navy 5 Aug 1919 Identification1912 code letters RSDV 1914 call sign DWG 1917 US official number 215631 1917 code letters LHWB 1919 Naval Registry ID 1760 1919 US Navy code letters GJDL 1921 UK official number 143208 1926 code letters RFVW Fatescrapped 1932 or 1933 General characteristics Typecargo liner Tonnage4 708 GRT 2 880 NRT Displacement4 707 tons Length367 ft 11 in 112 14 m overall 353 1 ft 107 6 m registered Beam48 7 ft 14 8 m Draft34 ft 2 in 10 4 m Depth25 0 ft 7 6 m Decks2 Installed power400 NHP 3 200 ihp Propulsion1 quadruple expansion engine 1 screw Speed13 knots 24 km h Capacitypassengers 50 1st class ComplementIn US Navy 41 Armamentin First World War 1 5 inch 51 caliber gun 1 3 inch 50 caliber gun Notessister ships Grunewald Schwarzwald Steigerwald American Interlake Line bought her in 1920 and renamed her Manoa Canada Steamship Lines bought her in 1921 In 1926 the Boston Iron amp Metal Company bought her and sold her back to HAPAG who renamed her Grunewald She was scrapped in Germany in 1932 or 1933 This was the first of two steamships that HAPAG named Wasgnenwald The second was completed in 1922 seized and renamed in 1940 and sunk in 1943 1 She was the also second of three steamships that HAPAG named Grunewald The first was her sister ship which the US seized and renamed General G W Goethals in 1917 2 The third was a ship that was built in 1940 and HAPAG bought and renamed in 1951 3 Contents 1 Building 2 Wasgenwald 3 Shoshone 4 Manoa and Grunewald 5 References 6 BibliographyBuilding editIn 1907 and 1908 Furness Withy amp Co in England built a class of three single screw ships for HAPAG Westerwald Spreewald and Frankenwald 4 In 1911 HAPAG ordered a class of four sister ships for the wald class that were similar but with a beam about 3 6 feet 1 1 m wider a quadruple expansion engine instead of a triple expansion engine and built in Germany instead of in England Bremer Vulkan in Bremen Vegesack built two of the ships Grunewald and Schwarzwald Flensburger Schiffbau Gesellschaft in Flensburg built Steigerwald and Schichau Werke in Danzig now Gdansk in Poland built Wasgenwald 5 Bremer Vulkan built Wasgenwald as yard number 552 6 She was launched on 30 December 1911 and completed her in 1912 7 Her lengths were 367 ft 11 in 112 14 m overall and 353 1 ft 107 6 m registered Her beam was 48 7 ft 14 8 m her depth was 25 0 ft 7 6 m and her draft was 34 ft 2 in 10 4 m Her tonnages were 4 708 GRT 2 880 NRT and 4 707 tons displacement She had berths for 50 first class passengers 8 9 Wasgenwald editHAPAG registered Wasgenwald in Hamburg Her code letters were RSDV 8 She was equipped with wireless telegraphy and by 1914 her call sign was DWG 10 Wasgenwald traded to the Caribbean and the East Coast of the United States On 3 January 1913 she was slightly damaged in port in Newport News Virginia when a terrific windstorm caused a coal barge to crash into her 11 On 16 May that year she was delayed in Philadelphia by a longshoremen s strike 12 In August 1913 the wife and family of former President of Venezuela Cipriano Castro crossed the Atlantic on Wasgenwald They embarked in Tenerife on 6 August 13 and disembarked in Havana on 20 August 14 At 11 00 hrs on 1 August 1914 with the First World War imminent HAPAG announced the suspension of its services 15 Germany ordered its merchant ships to take refuge in the nearest German or neutral port Wasgenwald took refuge in Saint Thomas in the Danish West Indies where the Danish authorities sealed her wireless telegraph apparatus On 26 September the Norwegian steamship Falk arrived from Brazil to take Wasgenwald s cargo which was bound for Colon Panama and ports in the Pacific 16 On 10 October 1914 a hurricane hit the Danish West Indies It sank or drove ashore several ships in Saint Thomas 17 18 Wasgenwald and another HAPAG ship Calabria dragged their anchors and were driven ashore 19 Wasgenwald was refloated by 13 October 20 Shoshone editIn August 1916 Denmark and the United States signed the Treaty of the Danish West Indies under which the US was to buy the islands The treaty was ratified in January 1917 and the territory became the United States Virgin Islands on 31 March Also on 31 March the Kerr Steamship Company bought Wasgenwald renamed her Shoshone and registered her in New York 9 She was owned via the Shoshone Navigation Corporation which was a one ship company Her manager was listed as one EF Geer 21 nbsp US troops embarking on Shoshone in 1919 presumably in Saint Nazaire In mid October 1917 the United States Army chartered her Later that month the 5th Naval District inspected her for possible naval use and gave her the Naval Registry ID 1760 The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships says she was probably operated by the United States Shipping Board on Army account with a civilian crew for the remainder of the war 9 Another source says the Army used her as a collier 7 She was defensively armed with one 5 inch 51 caliber gun and one 3 inch 50 caliber gun 22 On 18 February 1919 Shoshone was commissioned into the US Navy at Shooters Island New York as USS Shoshone 9 Her US Navy code letters were LHWB 22 On 11 April she moved to Bush Terminal Brooklyn where she was dry docked On 1 May she left New York on her first of two round trips to France She reached Saint Nazaire on 14 May embarked members of the American Expeditionary Forces on 15 and 16 May and left on 17 May On 1 June she reached Philadelphia and disembarked her troops On 5 June she left Philadelphia on the second of her two round trips She reached Saint Nazaire on 17 June but waited until 1 July to embark her troops She left on 2 July and reached Bush Bluffs Army base in Virginia on 16 July On 5 August she was decommissioned at Bush Bluffs and returned to the Kerr Steamship Company 9 Manoa and Grunewald edit nbsp The ship as Grunewald In 1920 the American Interlake Line bought Shoshone and renamed her Manoa 6 In 1921 Canada Steamship Lines bought her and registered her in London Her UK official number was 143208 but neither Lloyd s Register nor the Mercantile Navy List records a set of code letters for her when she was registered in the UK 23 24 In 1926 the Boston Iron and Metal Company of Baltimore Maryland bought Manoa and sold her back to HAPAG 6 A new HAPAG ship called Wasgenwald had been built in 1922 1 so HAPAG gave Manoa the name of her sister ship Grunewald HAPAG registered her in Hamburg and her code letters were RFVW 25 Deutsche Werft in Hamburg scrapped her in December 1932 2 or the first quarter of 1933 6 References edit a b Haws 1980 p 133 a b Haws 1980 p 104 Haws 1980 p 185 Haws 1980 pp 90 99 Haws 1980 pp 104 105 a b c d Wasgenwald 2215631 Miramar Ship Index Retrieved 12 January 2018 a b Silverstone 2006 p 148 a b Lloyd s Register 1912 WAS WAT a b c d e Shoshone I Screw Steamer Naval History and Heritage Command 9 September 2015 Retrieved 20 March 2024 The Marconi Press Agency Ltd 1914 p 379 Coast swept by gale and many may be lost New York Tribune 4 January 1913 p 2 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress Ocean liners tied up by longshoreman strike Newark Evening Star 16 May 1913 p 22 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress Castro s family embarks Birmingham Age Herald 7 August 1913 p 3 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress Mrs Castro has not seen husband The Times Journal Russell Springs KY 21 August 1913 p 3 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress English lines stop ships to Continent The New York Times 2 August 1914 p 3 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Times Machine The Norwegian steamer Falk St Croix Avis No 77 Christiansted 26 September 1914 p 4 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress St Thomas Oct 10th St Croix Avis No 83 Christiansted 14 October 1914 p 2 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress The Hurricane Supplement to St Croix Avis No 83 Christiansted 14 October 1914 p 5 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress Devastation in cyclone s wake at West Indies Honolulu Star Bulletin 12 October 1919 p 5 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress St Thomas Oct 13th St Croix Avis No 83 Christiansted 14 October 1914 p 3 Retrieved 20 March 2024 via Library of Congress Lloyd s Register 1917 Supplement S a b Radigan Joseph M Shoshone ID 1760 NavSource Online Retrieved 20 March 2024 Lloyd s Register 1924 MAN Mercantile Navy List 1923 338 Lloyd s Register 1927 GRO GUA Bibliography editHaws Duncan 1980 The Ships of the Hamburg America Adler and Carr Lines Merchant Fleets in Profile Vol 4 Cambridge Patrick Stephens Ltd ISBN 0 85059 397 2 Lloyd s Register of British and Foreign Shipping Vol II Steamers London Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1912 via Internet Archive Lloyd s Register of Shipping Vol II Steamers London Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1917 via Internet Archive Lloyd s Register of Shipping Vol II Steamers London Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1920 via Internet Archive Lloyd s Register of Shipping Vol II Steamers and Motorships London Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1924 via Internet Archive Lloyd s Register of Shipping Vol II Steamers and Motorships London Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1927 via Internet Archive The Marconi Press Agency Ltd 1914 The Year Book of Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony London The Marconi Press Agency Ltd Mercantile Navy List London 1923 via Crew List Index Project a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Silverstone Paul H 2006 The New Navy 1883 1922 New York Routledge ISBN 0 415 97871 8 nbsp Media related to USS Shoshone ID 1760 at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title USS Shoshone ID 1760 amp oldid 1214736328, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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