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Typhoon Surigae

May 15, 2023

Typhoon Surigae, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Bising, was the strongest Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone to form before the month of May, one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record and the strongest tropical cyclone worldwide in 2021.[1][2] The second named storm, first typhoon and the first super typhoon of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season, Surigae originated from a low-pressure area south of the Micronesian island of Woleai that organized into a tropical depression on April 12. At 18:00 UTC that day, it strengthened to a tropical storm and was named Surigae by the JMA. The formation of an eye and increasing winds prompted the JMA to upgrade the system to a severe tropical storm on April 13. The storm proceeded to gradually strengthen, and late on April 15, Surigae became a typhoon. Very favorable environmental conditions then allowed Surigae to rapidly intensify; on the next day Surigae became a super typhoon, and by April 17, the storm reached its peak intensity, with 10-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph),[nb 1] 1-minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (196 mph), and a minimum pressure of 895 hPa (26.4 inHg). This made it the strongest pre-May typhoon on record. Afterward, weakening outflow and an eyewall replacement cycle caused Surigae to gradually weaken as its track shifted north-northwestward in the Philippine Sea. Surigae became an annular tropical cyclone on April 19, following the eyewall replacement cycle, and restrengthened slightly. On April 22, the storm began to rapidly weaken as it accelerated northwestward into unfavorable conditions, transitioning into a subtropical storm the next day. The subtropical system subsequently underwent extratropical transition, which it completed by April 24. Afterward, Surigae's extratropical remnant accelerated northeastward. On April 27, Surigae explosively intensified into a bomb cyclone near the Aleutian Islands, attaining hurricane-force winds. Afterward, the system gradually weakened as it turned eastward, slowing down in the process, before crossing the International Date Line on April 30 and fully dissipating on May 2.

Typhoon Surigae (Bising)
Typhoon Surigae rapidly intensifying near peak intensity east of the Philippines on April 17
Meteorological history
FormedApril 12, 2021
DissipatedMay 2, 2021
Violent typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds220 km/h (140 mph)
Lowest pressure895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg
Category 5-equivalent super typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS)
Highest winds315 km/h (195 mph)
Lowest pressure882 hPa (mbar); 26.05 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities10 total, 8 missing
Damage$10.5 million
Areas affectedCaroline Islands, Palau, Sulawesi, Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, Kuril Islands, Russian Far East, Alaska
IBTrACS
Part of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season

Upon Surigae's naming, watches and warnings were issued for the island of Yap in the Federated States of Micronesia and the islands of Koror and Kayangel in Palau as well. The typhoon left US$4.8 million in damage in Palau after cutting off power, water, and destroying infrastructure.[nb 2] Later, warnings were raised for parts of the Philippines as the typhoon moved closer to the nation, with evacuations taking place in eastern regions of the Visayas. The storm killed at least 10 people and left another eight missing, in addition to causing at least ₱272.8 million (US$5.67 million) in damage in the Philippines.

Meteorological history

 
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
  Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

During mid-April 2021, an area of atmospheric convection associated with a weak area of low pressure began to persist roughly 1,150 km (710 mi) south of Guam. By April 10, the disturbance had acquired nascent rainbands within an environment exhibiting low wind shear, warm sea surface temperatures between 28–29 °C (82–84 °F), and a well-established outflow, which was conducive for further tropical cyclogenesis.[4] Showers and thunderstorms continued to emerge around the circulation embedded within the disturbance.[5] The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[nb 3] assessed the formation of a tropical depression near 5°N 143°E / 5°N 143°E / 5; 143; at the time, the newly designated system was moving slowly west-northwest around the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge.[6][7] Due to its anticipated track into Philippine waters, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) also began issuing advisories on the tropical depression on April 12.[8] The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[nb 4] issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert later that day, projecting a high likelihood of a significant tropical cyclone emerging; the agency also assessed the disturbance as a tropical depression on April 13.[10][11]

 
Satellite loop of Typhoon Surigae when it was rapidly intensfying prior to its peak intensity while approaching the Philippines on April 17.

A strong rainband along the tropical depression's northern semicircle became prominent and coalesced around a robust and developing central dense overcast.[11] At 18:00 UTC on the same day, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named it Surigae.[12][13] Surigae was also upgraded to a tropical storm by the JTWC in the early hours of April 14, citing the same favorable environment for development as the system progressed westward in the Philippine Sea.[14][15] The storm continued to move slowly – at times remaining nearly stationary on April 14 – and gradually intensified.[16][17] Its convective activity was initially displaced to the west of its center of circulation, though additional rainbands and thunderstorm development later obscured the central vortex.[18][19] On April 15, the JMA upgraded Surigae to a severe tropical storm as it moved closer to the island nation of Palau.[20] A formative eye became apparent on microwave satellite imagery of Surigae later that day.[21]

Surigae strengthened into a typhoon by April 16 just north of Palau, making it the first typhoon of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season.[22][23] The typhoon's convective activity had become tightly wound around its center, indicating additional strengthening.[24] On April 16 at 03:00 UTC, the PAGASA gave it the local name Bising as it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility.[25] The once obscured eye became apparent through the central overcast, preceding a period of rapid intensification as the storm traversed west-northwestward across conducive environment.[26][27][28] Surigae's central dense overcast became colder and better-organized, with a well-defined ring of very cold cloud tops encircling a 26 km (16 mi) diameter eye.[29] Concurrently, an approaching trough produced a gap in the subtropical ridge of high pressure to the north, causing Surigae to slowly curve northwest as it strengthened.[30]

 
Surigae as a powerful extratropical cyclone over the northwest Pacific, early on April 27

On April 17, the JMA determined that Surigae's central barometric pressure had rapidly fallen to 895 hPa (mbar; 26.43 inHg), as the storm reached its peak intensity.[31][32] Its 10-minute maximum sustained winds reached 220 km/h (140 mph) according to the JMA, while one-minute maximum sustained winds reached 315 km/h (196 mph) according to the JTWC, making it equivalent to a Category 5 super typhoon on the Saffir–Simpson scale (SSHWS);[nb 5][34][35] the peak 1-minute sustained winds were also higher for the time of year than any previous typhoon on record.[31] The JTWC also estimated a minimum central pressure of 882 hPa (mbar; 26.05 inHg) for Surigae at the time.[36] The storm produced large waves 23 meters (75 feet) high over the Pacific during its peak strength.[36] Later that day, Surigae began an eyewall replacement cycle causing its eye to become less apparent on satellite imagery and its winds to slightly diminish. The trough to Surigae's north also impeded the typhoon's outflow, resulting in a decrease in environmental favorability for further intensification.[37][38] On April 18, had Surigae finished its eyewall replacement cycle.[38] By April 19, Surigae had acquired annular characteristics, bearing a symmetrical appearance and a large eye, which was largely surrounded by one large rainband.[36]

The nearby prevalence of dry air and upwelling of cold waters beneath the slow-moving typhoon caused its winds to slacken somewhat.[39][40] Some reorganization occurred when Surigae began to move north and away from the upwelled waters, with its large eye becoming less ragged;[39] however, additional entrainment of dry air originating from the mid-troposphere over Luzon caused Surigae's structure to degrade further on April 21.[41] Surigae turned northeast away from the Philippines later that day and weakened further, upon entering an environment with strong westerly winds in the upper troposphere.[42][43] The once large and clear eye dissipated on April 22, leaving behind an increasingly-disheveled cluster of weakening showers and thunderstorms.[44] Soon afterward, all the remaining convection was sheared to the east, as the storm moved over cooler waters.[45] As most of the remaining thunderstorms had dissipated, Surigae transitioned into a subtropical cyclone on April 23 due to interacting with an upper-level atmospheric trough as Surigae traversed a cold oceanic eddy.[46] Late on April 24, the JTWC issued their final advisory on the system, as it was soon to complete its extratropical transition.[47] The JMA declared that Surigae had become extratropical a few hours later.[48]

As an extratropical cyclone, Surigae began to undergo explosive cyclogenesis on April 26, with its central pressure falling 44 hPa (mbar; 1.3 inHg) within 24 hours, while rapidly tracking northeastward.[49] While located to the east of Hokkaido, the system's ten-minute maximum sustained winds reached 130 km/h (81 mph) at 18:00 UTC that day,[50] and its central pressure bottomed out at 944 hPa (mbar; 27.88 inHg) six hours later.[51] Late on April 27, Surigae's remnant started to weaken, while turning eastward. On the next day, the system's forward motion significantly slowed down. On April 30, Surigae underwent a center reformation, with the original center of low pressure dissipating, and a new low-pressure center forming shortly afterward, which quickly dominated the system.[52] Afterward, Surigae's remnant continued moving eastward, while gradually weakening, before turning northeastward on May 1. On May 2, Surigae's remnant was absorbed into another extratropical cyclone, just south of the Alaskan Panhandle.

Preparations

 
Surigae TCWS PSWS (Bising)

Due to the threat of the storm, a Tropical Storm Watch was issued for the island of Yap and Ngulu Atoll on April 14,[53] where in the former, winds exceeded 30 mph (48 km/h).[54] This was later modified into a Tropical Storm Warning for Ngulu Atoll later that day.[55]

As Surigae entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility, the PAGASA began issuing weather bulletins for the nearby storm. Initial forecasts by the agency suggested that the storm was less likely to make landfall over Luzon, and expected the storm to re-curve away from the Philippines.[25][56][57][58] On April 16, the Department of Transportation in the Philippines suspended all air and land travel to and from Visayas and Mindanao, requested by the Office of Civil Defense, as Surigae approached.[59] Wave heights as high as 4.5 m (15 ft) were forecast near the eastern coasts of Visayas and Mindanao.[60] In order to avoid agricultural losses, Secretary William Dar of the Department of Agriculture encouraged farmers in the Bicol and Eastern Visayas regions to harvest their crops and for fishermen to "refrain from fishing as conditions may worsen".[58][61] At 15:00 UTC (23:00 PHT), the PAGASA began issuing Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal #1 for areas in Eastern Visayas and the Caraga Region and in parts of Luzon six hours later.[62][63]

On April 17, Signal #2 was issued for Catanduanes and the entire island of Samar.[64] Flood advisories were also issued by the PAGASA for three regions in Visayas and Mindanao.[65] In preparation for the intense rains, the National Telecommunications Commission ordered telecommunications companies to prepare facilities in forecasted affected areas, including free calling and charging stations.[66] In the ensuing travel suspension, 2,507 individuals and 61 sea vessels were stranded in ports throughout the country.[67][68][69] As early as April 17, preemptive evacuation began in the Bicol Region and the Samar province,[70] and by April 21, 169,072 people were evacuated in the Cagayan Valley, Bicol Region, Eastern Visayas, and Caraga. Flights in Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport and all Tacloban Airports were cancelled on April 18, and other domestic flights were also cancelled on the same day.[68] In addition, 10 domestic flights elsewhere were also cancelled that day.[67] Schools and work activities were suspended in the Bicol Region till April 20.[71] ₱1.5 billion (US$31.05 million) worth of standby funds were prepared for disaster response.[72]

Impact

Micronesia and Palau

Locally heavy rainfall occurred in parts of Palau and Yap for several days.[73] Surigae brought sustained winds of up to 80 km/h (50 mph) and gusts up to 135 km/h (84 mph) to Palau, causing power outages across the island.[74][75][76] Large swells from the developing storm brought coastal flooding to Koror and Yap. Residents in those areas were advised to avoid reef lines in the north and west, and to take caution on beaches due to rip currents and large waves.[77] Surigae was the closest typhoon to pass near the island of Palau since Typhoon Haiyan.[78] Restaurants, sporting events and other services were closed in Palau as Surigae approached closer– yet schools remained open.[78] Schools were not suspended until power had been cut off across much of the entire country.[78] Water and cellular services were also downed.[78] There was criticism for the lack of news coverage on the typhoon in Palau most notably.[78] 125 homes across the country were destroyed, while at least 1,500 sustained minor damage.[76] The entire population of Palau, consisting of approximately 18,008 people, was impacted by the typhoon.[76] At least US$2 million worth of infrastructure alone was damaged in Palau.[79] The total amount of damage across health, infrastructure, education, food, communication, utilities and other sectors was assessed at US$4.8 million.[76] President of Palau Surangel Whipps Jr. issued a national state of emergency on April 18.[80] The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) provided US$100,000 for immediate assistance to support those affected.[81] In Guam, emergency supplies were being prepared and donated to communities in need in Palau.[80]

Philippines

 
Typhoon Surigae as a Category 4-equivalent typhoon to the east of the Philippines on April 21. Surigae was also displaying annular characteristics at the time.

Five people within a boat were required to be rescued off the coast of Pujada Bay due to dangerous sea conditions produced by Surigae.[82] Another boat with two fishermen aboard capsized during midnight on its way to Bantayan Island, with both of two fishermen having to swim back to shore.[83] On April 19, Surigae forced the cargo ship LCU Cebu Great Ocean, carrying twenty crew members and nickel ore, to run aground on the coast of the Province of Surigao del Norte, in the southern Philippines.[84][85] At least six of the crew members were found dead, while seven were rescued; the search continues for another missing seven crew members.[86][87] Heavy rain from the outer bands of Surigae battered Eastern Visayas and the Bicol Region as it passed around 345 km (214 mi) to the east of Catanduanes.[88] Widespread rainfall totals of up to 8–12 inches (200–300 mm) occurred in the eastern Philippines, while 20.13 inches (511 mm) of rain fell in Virac, Catanduanes and surrounding areas.[89] A funnel cloud was also briefly reported in Camarines Sur.[90] Twenty-two barangays were flooded in Eastern Visayas, and in the municipality of Jipapad, flooding reached 4 metres (13 ft). Power interruptions were experienced in Central Visayas, Eastern Visayas and in Eastern Samar, power was interrupted for the whole province.[68] 109,815 people were displaced by flooding and landslides in the Bicol Region.[91]

Ten deaths were reported due to the typhoon. One person in Southern Leyte and another in Cebu died due to fallen coconut trees.[92][93] Six crew members of the LCU Cebu Great Ocean were found dead after the ship ran aground in the southern Philippines; another seven crew members remain missing.[86][87] Another person remains missing in Northern Samar.[94] 13 others were injured.[92] A total of 3,385 houses were damaged in the Bicol Region, Eastern Visayas and Caraga, with 158 totally destroyed. Agricultural damage in the Bicol Region and Eastern Visayas reached ₱261.9 million (US$5.43 million), while infrastructural damage totaled ₱10.87 million (US$226,000).[95] 63 cities experienced power interruptions; however, power was restored in 54 of those cities.[96]

Following the passage of Surigae, the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and local government units provided assistance worth approximately ₱6.52 million (US$135,000) to those affected in Cagayan Valley, the Bicol Region and the Eastern Visayas.[95] Schools and workplaces fully reopened by April 20.[97]

Elsewhere

The influence of Surigae caused gusts in North Sulawesi that reached 23 mph (37 km/h).[98] Large waves of 13.1–19.8 feet (4.0–6.0 m) affected the coastal waters of the Sitaro Islands Regency, Sangihe Islands Regency, the Talaud Islands and the northern Molucca Sea.[99] Surigae made its closest approach to Taiwan on April 22. The typhoon's outer bands brought much-needed rainfall to central Taiwan, which was going through its worst drought in 56 years. There were also reports of hail.[100] Large waves up to 4.2 m (14 ft) tall generated by Surigae were recorded along Taiwan's east coast on April 21.[101]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency uses 10-minute sustained winds, while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center uses 1-minute sustained winds. The conversion factor between the two is 1.14.[3]
  2. ^ All monetary figures are in their 2021 values unless otherwise noted.
  3. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.
  4. ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[9]
  5. ^ A super typhoon is an unofficial category used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) for a typhoon with winds of at least 240 km/h (150 mph).[33]

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External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Surigae.
  • JMA General Information of Typhoon Surigae (2102) from Digital Typhoon
  • JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Surigae (2102) (Date Released July 15)
  • JMA Best Track Data (Graphics) of Typhoon Surigae (2102)
  • JTWC Best Track Data of Super Typhoon 02W (Surigae)
  • 02W.SURIGAE from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

May 15, 2023
typhoon, surigae, known, philippines, super, typhoon, bising, strongest, northern, hemisphere, tropical, cyclone, form, before, month, most, intense, tropical, cyclones, record, strongest, tropical, cyclone, worldwide, 2021, second, named, storm, first, typhoo. Typhoon Surigae known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Bising was the strongest Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone to form before the month of May one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record and the strongest tropical cyclone worldwide in 2021 1 2 The second named storm first typhoon and the first super typhoon of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season Surigae originated from a low pressure area south of the Micronesian island of Woleai that organized into a tropical depression on April 12 At 18 00 UTC that day it strengthened to a tropical storm and was named Surigae by the JMA The formation of an eye and increasing winds prompted the JMA to upgrade the system to a severe tropical storm on April 13 The storm proceeded to gradually strengthen and late on April 15 Surigae became a typhoon Very favorable environmental conditions then allowed Surigae to rapidly intensify on the next day Surigae became a super typhoon and by April 17 the storm reached its peak intensity with 10 minute sustained winds of 220 km h 140 mph nb 1 1 minute sustained winds of 315 km h 196 mph and a minimum pressure of 895 hPa 26 4 inHg This made it the strongest pre May typhoon on record Afterward weakening outflow and an eyewall replacement cycle caused Surigae to gradually weaken as its track shifted north northwestward in the Philippine Sea Surigae became an annular tropical cyclone on April 19 following the eyewall replacement cycle and restrengthened slightly On April 22 the storm began to rapidly weaken as it accelerated northwestward into unfavorable conditions transitioning into a subtropical storm the next day The subtropical system subsequently underwent extratropical transition which it completed by April 24 Afterward Surigae s extratropical remnant accelerated northeastward On April 27 Surigae explosively intensified into a bomb cyclone near the Aleutian Islands attaining hurricane force winds Afterward the system gradually weakened as it turned eastward slowing down in the process before crossing the International Date Line on April 30 and fully dissipating on May 2 Typhoon Surigae Bising Typhoon Surigae rapidly intensifying near peak intensity east of the Philippines on April 17Meteorological historyFormedApril 12 2021DissipatedMay 2 2021Violent typhoon10 minute sustained JMA Highest winds220 km h 140 mph Lowest pressure895 hPa mbar 26 43 inHgCategory 5 equivalent super typhoon1 minute sustained SSHWS Highest winds315 km h 195 mph Lowest pressure882 hPa mbar 26 05 inHgOverall effectsFatalities10 total 8 missingDamage 10 5 millionAreas affectedCaroline Islands Palau Sulawesi Philippines Taiwan Ryukyu Islands Kuril Islands Russian Far East AlaskaIBTrACSPart of the 2021 Pacific typhoon seasonUpon Surigae s naming watches and warnings were issued for the island of Yap in the Federated States of Micronesia and the islands of Koror and Kayangel in Palau as well The typhoon left US 4 8 million in damage in Palau after cutting off power water and destroying infrastructure nb 2 Later warnings were raised for parts of the Philippines as the typhoon moved closer to the nation with evacuations taking place in eastern regions of the Visayas The storm killed at least 10 people and left another eight missing in addition to causing at least 272 8 million US 5 67 million in damage in the Philippines Contents 1 Meteorological history 2 Preparations 3 Impact 3 1 Micronesia and Palau 3 2 Philippines 3 3 Elsewhere 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksMeteorological history Edit Map plotting the storm s track and intensity according to the Saffir Simpson scaleMap keySaffir Simpson scale Tropical depression 38 mph 62 km h Tropical storm 39 73 mph 63 118 km h Category 1 74 95 mph 119 153 km h Category 2 96 110 mph 154 177 km h Category 3 111 129 mph 178 208 km h Category 4 130 156 mph 209 251 km h Category 5 157 mph 252 km h Unknown Storm type Tropical cyclone Subtropical cyclone Extratropical cyclone remnant low tropical disturbance or monsoon depressionDuring mid April 2021 an area of atmospheric convection associated with a weak area of low pressure began to persist roughly 1 150 km 710 mi south of Guam By April 10 the disturbance had acquired nascent rainbands within an environment exhibiting low wind shear warm sea surface temperatures between 28 29 C 82 84 F and a well established outflow which was conducive for further tropical cyclogenesis 4 Showers and thunderstorms continued to emerge around the circulation embedded within the disturbance 5 The Japan Meteorological Agency JMA nb 3 assessed the formation of a tropical depression near 5 N 143 E 5 N 143 E 5 143 at the time the newly designated system was moving slowly west northwest around the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge 6 7 Due to its anticipated track into Philippine waters the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration PAGASA also began issuing advisories on the tropical depression on April 12 8 The Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC nb 4 issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert later that day projecting a high likelihood of a significant tropical cyclone emerging the agency also assessed the disturbance as a tropical depression on April 13 10 11 Satellite loop of Typhoon Surigae when it was rapidly intensfying prior to its peak intensity while approaching the Philippines on April 17 A strong rainband along the tropical depression s northern semicircle became prominent and coalesced around a robust and developing central dense overcast 11 At 18 00 UTC on the same day the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm and named it Surigae 12 13 Surigae was also upgraded to a tropical storm by the JTWC in the early hours of April 14 citing the same favorable environment for development as the system progressed westward in the Philippine Sea 14 15 The storm continued to move slowly at times remaining nearly stationary on April 14 and gradually intensified 16 17 Its convective activity was initially displaced to the west of its center of circulation though additional rainbands and thunderstorm development later obscured the central vortex 18 19 On April 15 the JMA upgraded Surigae to a severe tropical storm as it moved closer to the island nation of Palau 20 A formative eye became apparent on microwave satellite imagery of Surigae later that day 21 Surigae strengthened into a typhoon by April 16 just north of Palau making it the first typhoon of the 2021 Pacific typhoon season 22 23 The typhoon s convective activity had become tightly wound around its center indicating additional strengthening 24 On April 16 at 03 00 UTC the PAGASA gave it the local name Bising as it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility 25 The once obscured eye became apparent through the central overcast preceding a period of rapid intensification as the storm traversed west northwestward across conducive environment 26 27 28 Surigae s central dense overcast became colder and better organized with a well defined ring of very cold cloud tops encircling a 26 km 16 mi diameter eye 29 Concurrently an approaching trough produced a gap in the subtropical ridge of high pressure to the north causing Surigae to slowly curve northwest as it strengthened 30 Surigae as a powerful extratropical cyclone over the northwest Pacific early on April 27 On April 17 the JMA determined that Surigae s central barometric pressure had rapidly fallen to 895 hPa mbar 26 43 inHg as the storm reached its peak intensity 31 32 Its 10 minute maximum sustained winds reached 220 km h 140 mph according to the JMA while one minute maximum sustained winds reached 315 km h 196 mph according to the JTWC making it equivalent to a Category 5 super typhoon on the Saffir Simpson scale SSHWS nb 5 34 35 the peak 1 minute sustained winds were also higher for the time of year than any previous typhoon on record 31 The JTWC also estimated a minimum central pressure of 882 hPa mbar 26 05 inHg for Surigae at the time 36 The storm produced large waves 23 meters 75 feet high over the Pacific during its peak strength 36 Later that day Surigae began an eyewall replacement cycle causing its eye to become less apparent on satellite imagery and its winds to slightly diminish The trough to Surigae s north also impeded the typhoon s outflow resulting in a decrease in environmental favorability for further intensification 37 38 On April 18 had Surigae finished its eyewall replacement cycle 38 By April 19 Surigae had acquired annular characteristics bearing a symmetrical appearance and a large eye which was largely surrounded by one large rainband 36 The nearby prevalence of dry air and upwelling of cold waters beneath the slow moving typhoon caused its winds to slacken somewhat 39 40 Some reorganization occurred when Surigae began to move north and away from the upwelled waters with its large eye becoming less ragged 39 however additional entrainment of dry air originating from the mid troposphere over Luzon caused Surigae s structure to degrade further on April 21 41 Surigae turned northeast away from the Philippines later that day and weakened further upon entering an environment with strong westerly winds in the upper troposphere 42 43 The once large and clear eye dissipated on April 22 leaving behind an increasingly disheveled cluster of weakening showers and thunderstorms 44 Soon afterward all the remaining convection was sheared to the east as the storm moved over cooler waters 45 As most of the remaining thunderstorms had dissipated Surigae transitioned into a subtropical cyclone on April 23 due to interacting with an upper level atmospheric trough as Surigae traversed a cold oceanic eddy 46 Late on April 24 the JTWC issued their final advisory on the system as it was soon to complete its extratropical transition 47 The JMA declared that Surigae had become extratropical a few hours later 48 As an extratropical cyclone Surigae began to undergo explosive cyclogenesis on April 26 with its central pressure falling 44 hPa mbar 1 3 inHg within 24 hours while rapidly tracking northeastward 49 While located to the east of Hokkaido the system s ten minute maximum sustained winds reached 130 km h 81 mph at 18 00 UTC that day 50 and its central pressure bottomed out at 944 hPa mbar 27 88 inHg six hours later 51 Late on April 27 Surigae s remnant started to weaken while turning eastward On the next day the system s forward motion significantly slowed down On April 30 Surigae underwent a center reformation with the original center of low pressure dissipating and a new low pressure center forming shortly afterward which quickly dominated the system 52 Afterward Surigae s remnant continued moving eastward while gradually weakening before turning northeastward on May 1 On May 2 Surigae s remnant was absorbed into another extratropical cyclone just south of the Alaskan Panhandle Preparations Edit Surigae TCWS PSWS Bising Due to the threat of the storm a Tropical Storm Watch was issued for the island of Yap and Ngulu Atoll on April 14 53 where in the former winds exceeded 30 mph 48 km h 54 This was later modified into a Tropical Storm Warning for Ngulu Atoll later that day 55 As Surigae entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility the PAGASA began issuing weather bulletins for the nearby storm Initial forecasts by the agency suggested that the storm was less likely to make landfall over Luzon and expected the storm to re curve away from the Philippines 25 56 57 58 On April 16 the Department of Transportation in the Philippines suspended all air and land travel to and from Visayas and Mindanao requested by the Office of Civil Defense as Surigae approached 59 Wave heights as high as 4 5 m 15 ft were forecast near the eastern coasts of Visayas and Mindanao 60 In order to avoid agricultural losses Secretary William Dar of the Department of Agriculture encouraged farmers in the Bicol and Eastern Visayas regions to harvest their crops and for fishermen to refrain from fishing as conditions may worsen 58 61 At 15 00 UTC 23 00 PHT the PAGASA began issuing Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal 1 for areas in Eastern Visayas and the Caraga Region and in parts of Luzon six hours later 62 63 On April 17 Signal 2 was issued for Catanduanes and the entire island of Samar 64 Flood advisories were also issued by the PAGASA for three regions in Visayas and Mindanao 65 In preparation for the intense rains the National Telecommunications Commission ordered telecommunications companies to prepare facilities in forecasted affected areas including free calling and charging stations 66 In the ensuing travel suspension 2 507 individuals and 61 sea vessels were stranded in ports throughout the country 67 68 69 As early as April 17 preemptive evacuation began in the Bicol Region and the Samar province 70 and by April 21 169 072 people were evacuated in the Cagayan Valley Bicol Region Eastern Visayas and Caraga Flights in Daniel Z Romualdez Airport and all Tacloban Airports were cancelled on April 18 and other domestic flights were also cancelled on the same day 68 In addition 10 domestic flights elsewhere were also cancelled that day 67 Schools and work activities were suspended in the Bicol Region till April 20 71 1 5 billion US 31 05 million worth of standby funds were prepared for disaster response 72 Impact EditMicronesia and Palau Edit Locally heavy rainfall occurred in parts of Palau and Yap for several days 73 Surigae brought sustained winds of up to 80 km h 50 mph and gusts up to 135 km h 84 mph to Palau causing power outages across the island 74 75 76 Large swells from the developing storm brought coastal flooding to Koror and Yap Residents in those areas were advised to avoid reef lines in the north and west and to take caution on beaches due to rip currents and large waves 77 Surigae was the closest typhoon to pass near the island of Palau since Typhoon Haiyan 78 Restaurants sporting events and other services were closed in Palau as Surigae approached closer yet schools remained open 78 Schools were not suspended until power had been cut off across much of the entire country 78 Water and cellular services were also downed 78 There was criticism for the lack of news coverage on the typhoon in Palau most notably 78 125 homes across the country were destroyed while at least 1 500 sustained minor damage 76 The entire population of Palau consisting of approximately 18 008 people was impacted by the typhoon 76 At least US 2 million worth of infrastructure alone was damaged in Palau 79 The total amount of damage across health infrastructure education food communication utilities and other sectors was assessed at US 4 8 million 76 President of Palau Surangel Whipps Jr issued a national state of emergency on April 18 80 The United States Agency for International Development USAID provided US 100 000 for immediate assistance to support those affected 81 In Guam emergency supplies were being prepared and donated to communities in need in Palau 80 Philippines Edit Typhoon Surigae as a Category 4 equivalent typhoon to the east of the Philippines on April 21 Surigae was also displaying annular characteristics at the time Five people within a boat were required to be rescued off the coast of Pujada Bay due to dangerous sea conditions produced by Surigae 82 Another boat with two fishermen aboard capsized during midnight on its way to Bantayan Island with both of two fishermen having to swim back to shore 83 On April 19 Surigae forced the cargo ship LCU Cebu Great Ocean carrying twenty crew members and nickel ore to run aground on the coast of the Province of Surigao del Norte in the southern Philippines 84 85 At least six of the crew members were found dead while seven were rescued the search continues for another missing seven crew members 86 87 Heavy rain from the outer bands of Surigae battered Eastern Visayas and the Bicol Region as it passed around 345 km 214 mi to the east of Catanduanes 88 Widespread rainfall totals of up to 8 12 inches 200 300 mm occurred in the eastern Philippines while 20 13 inches 511 mm of rain fell in Virac Catanduanes and surrounding areas 89 A funnel cloud was also briefly reported in Camarines Sur 90 Twenty two barangays were flooded in Eastern Visayas and in the municipality of Jipapad flooding reached 4 metres 13 ft Power interruptions were experienced in Central Visayas Eastern Visayas and in Eastern Samar power was interrupted for the whole province 68 109 815 people were displaced by flooding and landslides in the Bicol Region 91 Ten deaths were reported due to the typhoon One person in Southern Leyte and another in Cebu died due to fallen coconut trees 92 93 Six crew members of the LCU Cebu Great Ocean were found dead after the ship ran aground in the southern Philippines another seven crew members remain missing 86 87 Another person remains missing in Northern Samar 94 13 others were injured 92 A total of 3 385 houses were damaged in the Bicol Region Eastern Visayas and Caraga with 158 totally destroyed Agricultural damage in the Bicol Region and Eastern Visayas reached 261 9 million US 5 43 million while infrastructural damage totaled 10 87 million US 226 000 95 63 cities experienced power interruptions however power was restored in 54 of those cities 96 Following the passage of Surigae the Department of Social Welfare and Development DSWD and local government units provided assistance worth approximately 6 52 million US 135 000 to those affected in Cagayan Valley the Bicol Region and the Eastern Visayas 95 Schools and workplaces fully reopened by April 20 97 Elsewhere Edit The influence of Surigae caused gusts in North Sulawesi that reached 23 mph 37 km h 98 Large waves of 13 1 19 8 feet 4 0 6 0 m affected the coastal waters of the Sitaro Islands Regency Sangihe Islands Regency the Talaud Islands and the northern Molucca Sea 99 Surigae made its closest approach to Taiwan on April 22 The typhoon s outer bands brought much needed rainfall to central Taiwan which was going through its worst drought in 56 years There were also reports of hail 100 Large waves up to 4 2 m 14 ft tall generated by Surigae were recorded along Taiwan s east coast on April 21 101 See also Edit Tropical cyclones portal Philippines portalWeather of 2021 Tropical cyclones in 2021 Other tropical cyclones named Bising Typhoon Marie 1976 took a similar track impacted Palau and Eastern Philippines Typhoon Roy 1988 the second most intense January tropical cyclone on record in the Western Pacific basin Typhoon Mitag 2002 another strong early season typhoon that took a somewhat similar path Typhoon Songda 2011 took a similar track and went on to impact Japan Typhoon Maysak 2015 the most powerful typhoon in the basin to form before April affected similar areas Typhoon Wutip 2019 strongest February typhoon on recordNotes Edit The Japan Meteorological Agency uses 10 minute sustained winds while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center uses 1 minute sustained winds The conversion factor between the two is 1 14 3 All monetary figures are in their 2021 values unless otherwise noted The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions 9 A super typhoon is an unofficial category used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC for a typhoon with winds of at least 240 km h 150 mph 33 References Edit Rare Super Typhoon Surigae Barrels Towards the Philippines Intensifies at Record Pace The Weather Channel Archived from the original on 2021 04 18 Retrieved April 18 2021 Samenow Jason Cappucci Matthew Surigae sweeps past Philippines after becoming strongest April typhoon on record Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2005 Frequently Asked Questions Archived from the original on September 1 2013 Retrieved July 23 2006 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans Reissued 101330Z 110600Z April 2021 Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 10 2021 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans Reissued 111430Z 120600Z April 2021 Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 11 2021 Warning and Summary 120600 Report Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 12 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet Reasoning No 1 for TD Located at 7 1N 139 9E RSMC Tropical Cyclone Prognostic Reasoning Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 13 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Tropical Cyclone Advisory 1 PDF Manila Philippines Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration April 12 2021 Archived from the original PDF on April 13 2021 Retrieved April 13 2021 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2011 Archived from the original on July 26 2007 Retrieved July 25 2012 Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert 121121Z April 2021 Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 12 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet a b Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Depression 02W Two Warning NR 001 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 13 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet Warning 131800 Report Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 13 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Reasoning No 4 for TS 2102 Surigae RSMC Tropical Cyclone Prognostic Reasoning Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 13 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Tropical Depression 02W Two Warning 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Storm 02W Surigae Warning NR 005 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 14 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet Warning 150000 Report Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 15 2021 Archived from the original on April 15 2021 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 02W Surigae Warning NR 009 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 15 2021 Retrieved April 15 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet Warning 160000 Report Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 13 2021 Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Erdman Jonathan April 16 2021 Typhoon Surigae Rapidly Intensifies Potential Philippines Danger Beginning This Weekend TWC Product and Technology Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 02W Surigae Warning NR 011 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 16 2021 Archived 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Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 17 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 02W Surigae Warning NR 015 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 17 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet a b Masters Jeff April 17 2021 Category 5 Super Typhoon Surigae brushes Philippines Eye on the Storm Yale Climate Connections Archived from the original on April 18 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Surigae Stirs Up the Pacific Earth Observatory NASA April 19 2021 Archived from the original on April 22 2021 Retrieved April 22 2021 Frequently Asked Questions Report Joint Typhoon Warning Center August 13 2012 Archived from the original on October 4 2013 Retrieved September 22 2012 Cappucci Matthew Samenow Jason April 17 2021 Super Typhoon Surigae to pass near Philippines at Category 5 strength Sunday The Washington Post Washington D C Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 17 2021 Reasoning No 20 for TY 2102 Surigae RSMC Tropical Cyclone Prognostic Reasoning Tokyo Japan Japan Meteorological Agency April 17 2021 Archived from the original on April 18 2021 a b c Cappucci Matthew April 19 2021 Typhoon Surigae intensified with surprising speed bearing the fingerprint of climate change The Washington Post Archived from the original on May 9 2021 Retrieved April 20 2020 Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 02W Surigae Warning NR 019 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 18 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet a b Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 02W Surigae Warning NR 020 TXT Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 18 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 via Iowa Environmental Mesonet a b Reasoning No 29 for TY 2102 Surigae 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Typhoon 02W Surigae Warning NR 037 Report Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 22 2021 PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL STORM 02W SURIGAE WARNING NR 041 Pearl Harbor Hawaii Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 23 2021 Archived from the original on April 23 2021 Retrieved April 23 2021 Prognostic Reasoning for Subtropical Storm 02W Surigae No 42 Joint Typhoon Warning Center April 23 2021 Archived from the original on April 17 2021 SUBTROPICAL STORM 02W SURIGAE WARNING NR 046 Archived from the original on April 25 2021 WTPQ50 RJTD 250000 Japan Meteorological Agency April 25 2021 Archived from the original on April 25 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 WWJP27 RJTD 260000 Japan Meteorological Agency April 26 2021 Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 WWJP27 RJTD 261800 Japan Meteorological Agency April 26 2021 Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 WWJP27 RJTD 270000 Japan Meteorological Agency April 26 2021 Archived from the original on April 27 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 WWJP27 RJTD 301200 Japan Meteorological Agency April 30 2021 Archived from the original on May 1 2021 Retrieved April 30 2021 Tropical storm watch in effect for Yap and Ngulu in Yap State KUAM News April 14 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 Matthew Cappucci April 14 2021 Tropical Storm Surigae to intensify into powerful Pacific typhoon brush past Philippines The Washington Post Archived from the original on December 22 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 Tropical Depression Surigae 02W Advisory Number 2 National Weather Service Office in Tiyan Guam April 15 2021 Archived from the original on April 15 2021 Retrieved April 15 2021 De Vera Ruiz Ellalyn April 16 2021 Bising now a typhoon Signal No 1 seen over parts of Northern Eastern Samar as early as Friday evening PAGASA Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 Bising is now a typhoon PAGASA ABS CBN News April 16 2021 Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 a b Unite Betheena April 16 2021 Better safe than sorry DA urges farmers to prepare for Bising Manila Bulletin Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 April 16 OCD Published on 2021 Land sea travel to Visayas and Mindanao suspended due Typhoon Bising pia gov ph Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Villamor Ilano Marites April 16 2021 Typhoon Bising threatens Northern Samar Eastern Samar Sunstar Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 Cudis Christine Farmers fisherfolk in Bising path warned to guard livelihood www pna gov ph Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 Severe Weather Bulletin 2 for Typhoon Bising Surigae PDF PAGASA 16 April 2021 Archived from the original PDF on 16 April 2021 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original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 Arguelles Mar S April 17 2021 340 persons evacuated in Camarines Sur as Typhoon Bising draws nearer INQUIRER net Archived from the original on April 17 2021 Retrieved April 17 2021 Bordey Hana Pre emptive evacuation on going in Bicol Samar as Bising intensifies GMA News Online Archived from the original on April 17 2021 Retrieved April 17 2021 Connie Calipay Mar Serrano Classes work suspended in Bicol due to Bising www pna gov ph Philippine News Agency Archived from the original on April 20 2021 Retrieved April 20 2021 Christine Cudis DSWD emergency fund food boxes on standby for Bising victims www pna gov ph Philippine News agency Archived from the original on April 20 2021 Retrieved April 20 2021 NWS monitoring tropical storm near Yap Palau The Guam Daily Post April 14 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 Lorenzo Badellino April 15 2021 METEO La tempesta Surigae si avvicina alle Filippine Imminente il passaggio a ciclone tropicale in Italian 3Bmeteo Archived from the original on April 16 2021 Retrieved April 16 2021 Robert Speta RobertSpetaWX April 15 2021 Kauai Okada just shared these photos from Palau She says the island is without power right now with downed trees across the island Winds have also been reported gusting over 50kts or 90kph on the island Tweet Retrieved April 16 2021 via Twitter a b c d Republic of Palau Typhoon Surigae Emergency Plan of Action EPoA DREF Operation n 1 MDRPW001 PDF ReliefWeb International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC ICRC April 26 2021 Archived PDF from the original on April 28 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 Chan April 14 2021 Coastal Flood Warnings Watches Statements National Weather Service Tiyan Guam Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 a b c d e The typhoon that hit my island didn t make the news This is what the climate crisis looks like the Guardian April 23 2021 Archived from the original on April 23 2021 Retrieved April 24 2021 Times Pacnews Island Palau assesses Typhoon Surigae aftermath estimates 2 million in damage Marianas Variety News amp Views Archived from the original on April 24 2021 Retrieved April 24 2021 a b Coast Guard Cutter delivers emergency supplies to Palau following Typhoon Surigae DVIDS Archived from the original on April 29 2021 Retrieved April 27 2021 United States Providing Humanitarian Assistance in Response to Damaging Typhoon Surigae in Palau Press Release U S Agency for International Development www usaid gov April 21 2021 Archived from the original on April 24 2021 Retrieved April 24 2021 Llemit Ralph Lawrence G April 18 2021 5 rescued from sinking boat Sunstar Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Palaubsanon Mitchelle L More Cebu LGUs placed under Signal No 1 Sunday Philstar com Archived from the original on April 18 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Mikhail Voytenko April 20 2021 Two ships fell victim to typhoon rage 20 crew missing Philippines FleetMon Retrieved April 21 2021 Cargo ship runs aground as storm strikes near Philippines Reuters April 20 2021 Archived from the original on April 21 2021 Retrieved April 21 2021 a b PCG 2 more crewmen of ill fated cargo ship found dead 7 still missing Manila Bulletin April 25 2021 Archived from the original on April 25 2021 Retrieved April 25 2021 a b Karen Lema April 21 2021 Four crew dead 9 missing after cargo ship runs aground in Philippines Yahoo News Archived from the original on April 21 2021 Retrieved April 21 2021 Rain from Typhoon Bising hits Eastern Visayas Bicol Rappler 18 April 2021 Archived from the original on April 18 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Deadly Typhoon Surigae leaves flooding damage behind in the Philippines news yahoo com Archived from the original on April 24 2021 Retrieved April 24 2021 Funnel cloud leaves Bicolanos in awe others in fear Manila Bulletin April 18 2021 Archived from the original on April 18 2021 Retrieved April 18 2021 Landslides flooding from Bising displace over 109 000 in Bicol Rappler 19 April 2021 Archived from the original on April 20 2021 Retrieved April 20 2021 a b SitRep no 09 re Preparedness Measures and Effects for Typhoon BISING PDF ndrrmc gov ph April 24 2021 Archived PDF from the original on April 24 2021 Retrieved April 24 2021 Two dead over 18 000 families evacuated due to Typhoon Bising cnn Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 One dead one missing as Bising batters Eastern Visayas Manila Bulletin April 19 2021 Archived from the original on April 19 2021 Retrieved April 19 2021 a b SitRep no 16 re Preparedness Measures and Effects for Typhoon Bising PDF ndrrmc gov ph May 12 2021 Archived PDF from the original on May 26 2021 Retrieved May 26 2021 SitRep no 07 re Preparedness Measures and Effects for Typhoon Bising PDF ndrrmc gov ph April 22 2021 Archived PDF from the original on April 22 2021 Retrieved April 22 2021 SitRep no 13 re Preparedness Measures and Effects for Typhoon Bising PDF ndrrmc gov ph May 1 2021 Archived PDF from the original on May 1 2021 Retrieved May 1 2021 Ellyvon Pranita April 14 2021 BMKG Awas Siklon Tropis Surigae Bisa Berkembang Jadi Badai Topan Kompas in Indonesian Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 BMKG Peringatkan Ancaman Siklon Tropis Surigae Koran Jakarta in Indonesian April 14 2021 Archived from the original on April 14 2021 Retrieved April 14 2021 Everington Keoni April 23 2021 Video shows heavy rainfall in parched central Taiwan Taiwan News Archived from the original on April 24 2021 Retrieved April 25 2021 Chang Hsiung feng Chiang Yi ching April 21 2021 Taiwan can expect rain high waves as typhoon nears CWB Focus Taiwan Archived from the original on April 25 2021 Retrieved April 25 2021 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Surigae JMA General Information of Typhoon Surigae 2102 from Digital Typhoon JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Surigae 2102 Date Released July 15 JMA Best Track Data Graphics of Typhoon Surigae 2102 JTWC Best Track Data of Super Typhoon 02W Surigae 02W SURIGAE from the U S Naval Research Laboratory Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Typhoon Surigae amp oldid 1154168042, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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