Trustees of Labour (German: Treuhänder der Arbeit), sometimes referred to as Reich Trustees of Labour, were government-appointed officials of Nazi Germany that were in charge of labour relations between 1933 and 1945 and were responsible for regulating employment contracts and maintaining industrial peace.
Designation of the first thirteen economic areas in the Reichsgesetzblatt of 15 June 1933Trustee of Labour Areas in 1944: Lower right insets, middle row, right.
The Trustees of Labour were established by the Law on the Trustees of Labour (Gesetz über Treuhänder der Arbeit) of 19 May 1933.[1]
There initially was one trustee for each of thirteen economic areas (Wirtschaftsgebiete).[3]
By 1941, due to the geographic expansion of the Reich, there were twenty-two trustees and the position remained in existence through the fall of the Nazi regime in May 1945.[4]
Their term of office was for one year and was renewable every year.
Responsibilitiesedit
The chief duties and responsibilities of the Trustees of Labour were set out in the Work Order Act (Arbeitsordnungsgesetz) of 20 January 1934 and included:[4]
Maintenance of labor peace
Establishment of wage rates
Resolution of conflicts regarding working conditions
Oversight of the establishment of the Councils of Trust (Vertrauensräte)
Monitoring compliance with operating regulations
Review and approval of dismissals, particularly mass layoffs
Effectsedit
The regulation of labour conflicts and the setting of wage levels by the trustees replaced collective bargaining between employers and employees.[3]
Since the decisions of the trustees were legally binding, strikes were effectively outlawed.[6]
Employer associations welcomed the new authority and the persons chosen for it fairly unanimously. The trustees were generally more sympathetic to the interests of the economy than they were to the workers, and generally served the employers' interests.[7]
Robert Ley, head of the Nazi Party's German Labor Front, summed up the effect of the new system as restoring "absolute leadership to the natural leader of a factory – that is, the employer … Only the employer can decide … Many employers have for years had to call for the 'master in the house'. Now they are once again to be the 'master in the house'".[6]
Selected Trustees of Labouredit
Emil Bannemann [de] (1902–1957), Saxony (1936–1937)
Franz Binz [de] (1896–1965), Rhineland (1939–1945)
Broszat, Martin (1981). The Hitler State: The Foundation and Development of the Internal Structure of the Third Reich. New York: Longman Inc. ISBN978-0-582-48997-4.
Mason, Tim (1993): Social Policy in the Third Reich. The Working Class and the 'National Community'. Translated by John Broadwin, Berg Publishers: Oxford, New York, ISBN978-0-854-96410-9, pp. 104, 135, 176.
Shirer, William (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN978-0-831-77404-2.
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Trustees of Labour German Treuhander der Arbeit sometimes referred to as Reich Trustees of Labour were government appointed officials of Nazi Germany that were in charge of labour relations between 1933 and 1945 and were responsible for regulating employment contracts and maintaining industrial peace Contents 1 Origin and organization 2 Responsibilities 3 Effects 4 Selected Trustees of Labour 5 References 6 Sources 7 External linksOrigin and organization edit nbsp Designation of the first thirteen economic areas in the Reichsgesetzblatt of 15 June 1933 nbsp Trustee of Labour Areas in 1944 Lower right insets middle row right The Trustees of Labour were established by the Law on the Trustees of Labour Gesetz uber Treuhander der Arbeit of 19 May 1933 1 The first trustees were appointed by Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler on 15 June 1933 2 There initially was one trustee for each of thirteen economic areas Wirtschaftsgebiete 3 By 1941 due to the geographic expansion of the Reich there were twenty two trustees and the position remained in existence through the fall of the Nazi regime in May 1945 4 The trustees were recruited from the state and Party bureaucracy the private sector or the Association of German Chambers of Industry and Commerce The trustees were Reich officials and were supervised by the Reich Ministry of Labour under Franz Seldte 5 Their term of office was for one year and was renewable every year Responsibilities editThe chief duties and responsibilities of the Trustees of Labour were set out in the Work Order Act Arbeitsordnungsgesetz of 20 January 1934 and included 4 Maintenance of labor peace Establishment of wage rates Resolution of conflicts regarding working conditions Oversight of the establishment of the Councils of Trust Vertrauensrate Monitoring compliance with operating regulations Review and approval of dismissals particularly mass layoffsEffects editThe regulation of labour conflicts and the setting of wage levels by the trustees replaced collective bargaining between employers and employees 3 Since the decisions of the trustees were legally binding strikes were effectively outlawed 6 Employer associations welcomed the new authority and the persons chosen for it fairly unanimously The trustees were generally more sympathetic to the interests of the economy than they were to the workers and generally served the employers interests 7 Robert Ley head of the Nazi Party s German Labor Front summed up the effect of the new system as restoring absolute leadership to the natural leader of a factory that is the employer Only the employer can decide Many employers have for years had to call for the master in the house Now they are once again to be the master in the house 6 Selected Trustees of Labour editEmil Bannemann de 1902 1957 Saxony 1936 1937 Franz Binz de 1896 1965 Rhineland 1939 1945 Gustav Bohm de 1888 Saarpfalz 1935 1939 Upper Austria 1940 1945 Wilhelm Borger 1896 1962 Rhineland 1934 1939 Franz Claassen de 1881 1945 Pomerania 1934 1939 Leon Daeschner de 1894 Brandenburg 1933 1939 Johannes Engel de 1894 1973 Brandenburg 1933 1934 Kurt Frey de 1902 1945 Bavaria 1934 1942 Rudiger Graf von der Goltz 1894 1976 Pomerania 1933 1934 Karl Hahn de 1901 1982 Westphalia 1934 1943 Arno Hoppe de 1882 1945 Saxony 1933 1934 Karl Kimmich 1880 1945 Southwest Germany 1933 1938 Josef Klein de 1890 1952 Westphalia 1933 1934 Carl Luer de 1897 1969 Hesse 1933 1934 Richard Markert 1891 1957 Lower Saxony 1933 1935 Kurt Melcher 1891 1970 Reich Trustee for public service 1935 1945 Heinrich Nietmann de 1901 1961 Saarpfalz 1940 1943 Alfred Proksch 1891 1981 Ostmark 1938 1940 Vienna Lower Austria 1940 1943 Gunther Rachner de 1891 1945 Lower Silesia 1943 1945 Fritz Schmelter de 1904 1964 Hesse 1938 1942 Hans Schreiber de 1896 1943 East Prussia 1933 1943 Walter Schuhmann 1898 1956 Silesia 1936 1941 Lower Silesia 1941 1943 Ernst Stiehler de 1887 Saxony 1934 1936 Friedrich Voltzer 1895 1951 Nordmark 1933 1943 Karl Heinrich Wiesel 1889 Central Germany 1933 1937 References edit Gesetz uber Treuhander der Arbeit 19 05 1933 in documentArchiv de Ernennung der Treuhander der Arbeit Hamburger Tageblatt 138 16 June 1933 Archived from the original on 4 February 2024 Retrieved 6 February 2024 a b Broszat 1981 p 142 a b Zentner amp Bedurftig 1997 pp 969 970 Broszat 1981 p 147 a b Shirer 1960 p 203 Broszat 1981 pp 142 144 Sources editBroszat Martin 1981 The Hitler State The Foundation and Development of the Internal Structure of the Third Reich New York Longman Inc ISBN 978 0 582 48997 4 Mason Tim 1993 Social Policy in the Third Reich The Working Class and the National Community Translated by John Broadwin Berg Publishers Oxford New York ISBN 978 0 854 96410 9 pp 104 135 176 Shirer William 1960 The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich New York Simon and Schuster ISBN 978 0 831 77404 2 Zentner Christian Bedurftig Friedemann eds 1997 1991 The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich New York Da Capo Press ISBN 978 0 306 80793 0 External links editGesetz uber Treuhander der Arbeit Trustees of Labour Act in German Gesetz zur Ordnung der nationalen Arbeit Work Order Act in German Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trustee of Labour amp oldid 1215038377, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
