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Trimerophytopsida

January 01, 1970

Trimerophytopsida (or Trimeropsida) is a class of early vascular plants from the Devonian, informally called trimerophytes. It contains genera such as Psilophyton. This group is probably paraphyletic, and is believed to be the ancestral group from which both the ferns and seed plants evolved. Different authors have treated the group at different taxonomic ranks using the names Trimerophyta, Trimerophytophyta, Trimerophytina, Trimerophytophytina and Trimerophytales.

Trimerophytopsida
Temporal range: Devonian
Fossil of Psilophyton dawsonii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Class: †Trimerophytopsida
A.S.Foster & E.M.Gifford 1974
Order

†Trimerophytales

Synonyms[citation needed]
  • Trimerophyta (orth. var.)
  • Psilophyta (orth. var.)
  • Trimerophytophyta Bold 1973
  • Trimerophytophytina Banks 1975
  • Psilophytophyta Zimmermann 1930
  • Psilophytophytina Kryshtofovich 1945

Taxonomy edit

At first most of the early land plants other than the bryophytes (i.e. the polysporangiophytes) were placed in a single class Psilophyta, established in 1917 by Kidston and Lang.[1] As additional fossils were discovered and described, it became apparent that the Psilophyta were not a homogeneous group of plants. In 1968 Banks first proposed splitting this taxon into three groups, which he put at the rank of subdivision; he clarified his proposal in 1975. One of the three groups was the Trimerophytina.[2][3] The subdivision is based on the type genus Trimerophyton, which might be expected to produce 'Trimerophytophytina' as the name of the subdivision, but the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants allows the 'phyton' part of a genus name optionally to be omitted before '-ophyta', '-ophytina' and '-opsida'.[4]

The group has also since been treated as a division under the name Trimerophyta[5] or Trimerophytophyta, as a class under the name Trimeropsida or Trimerophytopsida (as here),[6] and as an order under the name Trimerophytales.[7]

  • Subphylum †Trimerophytina Banks 1975[8][9]
    • Class †Trimerophytopsida Foster & Gifford 1974 [Trimeropsida Banks 1975; Psilophytopsida Kidston & Lang 1917; Psilophytidae Nemejc 1963]
      • Order †Trimerophytales Banks ex Kasper et al. 1974 [Psilophytales Pia 1924]
        • Family †Trimerophytaceae Banks 1967 [Psilophytaceae Hirmer 1927; Hostinellaceae Pia 1924; Dawsonitaceae Nemejc 1963]
          • Genus †Dawsonites Nemejc 1963
          • Genus †Hostinella Barrande ex Stur 1882
          • Genus †Oocampsa Andrews, Gensel & Kasper 1975
          • Genus †Euphyllophyton Hao & Beck
          • Genus †Pauthecophyton Xue et al. 2012
          • Genus †Psilophyton Dawson 1859 emend. Hueber & Banks 1967
          • Genus †Trimerophyton Hopping 1956

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Crane, P.R.; Herendeen, P. & Friis, E.M. (2004), "Fossils and plant phylogeny", American Journal of Botany, 91 (10): 1683–99, doi:10.3732/ajb.91.10.1683, PMID 21652317
  2. ^ Banks, H.P. (1968), "The early history of land plants", in Drake, E.T. (ed.), Evolution and Environment: A Symposium Presented on the Occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the Foundation of Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University, New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, pp. 73–107, cited in Banks, H.P. (1980), "The role of Psilophyton in the evolution of vascular plants", Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 29: 165–176, doi:10.1016/0034-6667(80)90056-1
  3. ^ Banks, H.P. (1975), "Reclassification of Psilophyta", Taxon, 24 (4): 401–413, doi:10.2307/1219491, JSTOR 1219491
  4. ^ McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012), International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011, vol. Regnum Vegetabile 154 (electronic ed.), Vienna: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG, retrieved 2014-07-02, Article 16.4
  5. ^ Taylor, T.N.; Taylor, E.L. & Krings, M. (2009), Paleobotany, The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants (2nd ed.), Amsterdam; Boston: Academic Press, ISBN 978-0-12-373972-8, p. 227
  6. ^ See, e.g., Berry, C.M. & Fairon-Demaret, M. "The Middle Devonian Flora Revisited". In Gensel & Edwards (2001), pp. 120–139.
  7. ^ Banks, H.P. (1970), Evolution and Plants of the Past, London: Macmillan Press, ISBN 978-0-333-14634-7, p. 57
  8. ^ Novíkov & Barabaš-Krasni (2015). Modern plant systematics. Liga-Pres. p. 685. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4745.6164. ISBN 978-966-397-276-3.
  9. ^ . Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2016.

Bibliography edit

  • Gensel, P.G. & Edwards, D., eds. (2001), Plants invade the Land : Evolutionary & Environmental Perspectives, New York: Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0-231-11161-4

January 01, 1970
trimerophytopsida, trimeropsida, class, early, vascular, plants, from, devonian, informally, called, trimerophytes, contains, genera, such, psilophyton, this, group, probably, paraphyletic, believed, ancestral, group, from, which, both, ferns, seed, plants, ev. Trimerophytopsida or Trimeropsida is a class of early vascular plants from the Devonian informally called trimerophytes It contains genera such as Psilophyton This group is probably paraphyletic and is believed to be the ancestral group from which both the ferns and seed plants evolved Different authors have treated the group at different taxonomic ranks using the names Trimerophyta Trimerophytophyta Trimerophytina Trimerophytophytina and Trimerophytales TrimerophytopsidaTemporal range Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Fossil of Psilophyton dawsonii Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Class TrimerophytopsidaA S Foster amp E M Gifford 1974 Order Trimerophytales Synonyms citation needed Trimerophyta orth var Psilophyta orth var Trimerophytophyta Bold 1973 Trimerophytophytina Banks 1975 Psilophytophyta Zimmermann 1930 Psilophytophytina Kryshtofovich 1945 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 See also 3 References 4 BibliographyTaxonomy editAt first most of the early land plants other than the bryophytes i e the polysporangiophytes were placed in a single class Psilophyta established in 1917 by Kidston and Lang 1 As additional fossils were discovered and described it became apparent that the Psilophyta were not a homogeneous group of plants In 1968 Banks first proposed splitting this taxon into three groups which he put at the rank of subdivision he clarified his proposal in 1975 One of the three groups was the Trimerophytina 2 3 The subdivision is based on the type genus Trimerophyton which might be expected to produce Trimerophytophytina as the name of the subdivision but the International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants allows the phyton part of a genus name optionally to be omitted before ophyta ophytina and opsida 4 The group has also since been treated as a division under the name Trimerophyta 5 or Trimerophytophyta as a class under the name Trimeropsida or Trimerophytopsida as here 6 and as an order under the name Trimerophytales 7 Subphylum Trimerophytina Banks 1975 8 9 Class Trimerophytopsida Foster amp Gifford 1974 Trimeropsida Banks 1975 Psilophytopsida Kidston amp Lang 1917 Psilophytidae Nemejc 1963 Order Trimerophytales Banks ex Kasper et al 1974 Psilophytales Pia 1924 Family Trimerophytaceae Banks 1967 Psilophytaceae Hirmer 1927 Hostinellaceae Pia 1924 Dawsonitaceae Nemejc 1963 Genus Dawsonites Nemejc 1963 Genus Hostinella Barrande ex Stur 1882 Genus Oocampsa Andrews Gensel amp Kasper 1975 Genus Euphyllophyton Hao amp Beck Genus Pauthecophyton Xue et al 2012 Genus Psilophyton Dawson 1859 emend Hueber amp Banks 1967 Genus Trimerophyton Hopping 1956See also editEuphyllophyta containing seed plants and fernsReferences edit Crane P R Herendeen P amp Friis E M 2004 Fossils and plant phylogeny American Journal of Botany 91 10 1683 99 doi 10 3732 ajb 91 10 1683 PMID 21652317 Banks H P 1968 The early history of land plants in Drake E T ed Evolution and Environment A Symposium Presented on the Occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the Foundation of Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University New Haven Conn Yale University Press pp 73 107 cited in Banks H P 1980 The role of Psilophyton in the evolution of vascular plants Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 29 165 176 doi 10 1016 0034 6667 80 90056 1 Banks H P 1975 Reclassification of Psilophyta Taxon 24 4 401 413 doi 10 2307 1219491 JSTOR 1219491 McNeill J Barrie F R Buck W R Demoulin V Greuter W Hawksworth D L Herendeen P S Knapp S Marhold K Prado J Prud homme Van Reine W F Smith G F Wiersema J H Turland N J 2012 International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants Melbourne Code adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne Australia July 2011 vol Regnum Vegetabile 154 electronic ed Vienna A R G Gantner Verlag KG retrieved 2014 07 02 Article 16 4 Taylor T N Taylor E L amp Krings M 2009 Paleobotany The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants 2nd ed Amsterdam Boston Academic Press ISBN 978 0 12 373972 8 p 227 See e g Berry C M amp Fairon Demaret M The Middle Devonian Flora Revisited In Gensel amp Edwards 2001 pp 120 139 Banks H P 1970 Evolution and Plants of the Past London Macmillan Press ISBN 978 0 333 14634 7 p 57 Novikov amp Barabas Krasni 2015 Modern plant systematics Liga Pres p 685 doi 10 13140 RG 2 1 4745 6164 ISBN 978 966 397 276 3 Part 2 Plantae starting with Chlorophycota Collection of genus group names in a systematic arrangement Archived from the original on 16 August 2018 Retrieved 30 June 2016 Bibliography editGensel P G amp Edwards D eds 2001 Plants invade the Land Evolutionary amp Environmental Perspectives New York Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 11161 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trimerophytopsida amp oldid 1193313054, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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