Trifluoroiodomethane

Trifluoroiodomethane, also referred to as trifluoromethyl iodide is a halomethane with the formula CF₃I. It is an experimental alternative to Halon 1301 (CBrF₃) in unoccupied areas.^[1] It would be used as a gaseous fire suppression flooding agent for in-flight aircraft and electronic equipment fires.

Trifluoroiodomethane

Names
Preferred IUPAC name Trifluoro(iodo)methane
Other names Trifluoroiodomethane Iodotrifluoromethane Monoiodotrifluoromethane Trifluoromethyl iodide Perfluoromethyl iodide Freon 13T1
Identifiers
CAS Number	2314-97-8^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	15962^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.017.286
EC Number	219-014-5
PubChem CID	16843
RTECS number	PB6975000
UNII	42A379KB0U^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2062325
InChI InChI=1S/CF3I/c2-1(3,4)5^Y Key: VPAYJEUHKVESSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/CF3I/c2-1(3,4)5
SMILES FC(F)(F)I
Properties
Chemical formula	CF3I
Molar mass	195.91 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless odorless gas
Density	2.5485 g/cm^3 at -78.5 °C 2.3608 g/cm^3 at -32.5 °C
Melting point	−110 °C (−166 °F; 163 K)
Boiling point	−22.5 °C (−8.5 °F; 250.7 K)
Solubility in water	Slightly
Vapor pressure	541 kPa
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H341
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, P501
Supplementary data page
Trifluoroiodomethane (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references

Chemistry

It is used in the rhodium-catalyzed α-trifluoromethylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones.^[2]

It can be used as a new generation fire extinguishing agent to replace Halon in fire protection systems.^[3] The mechanism of extinguishing fires for CF₃I is active and primarily based on interruption of the chain reaction in the combustion area of the flame by so-called "negative" catalytic action.^[4] It is also used as an eco-friendly insulation gas to replace SF₆ in electrical power industry.^[5]

In the presence of sunlight or at temperatures above 100 °C it can react with water, forming hazardous by-products such as hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen iodide (HI) and carbonyl fluoride (COF₂).^{[citation needed]}

Environmental effects

Trifluoroiodomethane contains carbon, fluorine, and iodine atoms. Although iodine is several hundred times more efficient at destroying stratospheric ozone than chlorine, experiments have shown that because the weak C-I bond breaks easily under the influence of water (owing to the electron-attracting fluorine atoms), trifluoroiodomethane has an ozone depleting potential less than one-thousandth that of Halon 1301 (0.008-0.01). Its atmospheric lifetime, at less than 1 month, is less than 1 percent that of Halon 1301, and less even than hydrogen chloride formed from volcanoes.

There is, however, still the problem of the C-F bonds absorbing in the atmospheric window.^[6] However, the IPCC has calculated the 100-year global warming potential of trifluoroiodomethane to be 0.4 (i.e., 40% of that of CO₂).^[7]

References

1. Vitali, Juan. . www.afrlhorizons.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
2. "Trifluoroiodomethane 171441". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
3. "Fire extinguishing agents trifluoroiodomethane/CF₃I". beijingyuji. Retrieved 2018-09-20.^{[unreliable source?]}
4. "CFI rim seal fire protection for floating roof tanks" (PDF). 2018-09-20.
5. Katagiri, H.; Kasuya, H.; Mizoguchi, H.; Yanabu, S. (October 2008). "Investigation of the Performance of CF₃I Gas as a Possible Substitute for SF₆". IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 15 (5): 1424–1429. doi:10.1109/TDEI.2008.4656252. S2CID 21905295.
6. Shimanouchi, T. (July 1977). "Tables of molecular vibrational frequencies. Consolidated volume II". Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 6 (3): 993–1102. Bibcode:1977JPCRD...6..993S. doi:10.1063/1.555560.
7. Ramfjord, Birgit (2012-03-05). (PDF). Swedish Defence Materiel Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2017.

Further reading

• National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on Iodotrifluoromethane (2004). Iodotrifluoromethane. doi:10.17226/11090. ISBN 978-0-309-09307-1. PMID 25032315.
• Solomon, Susan; Burkholder, James B.; Ravishankara, A. R.; Garcia, Rolando R. (1994). "Ozone depletion and global warming potentials of CF₃I". Journal of Geophysical Research. 99 (D10): 20929. Bibcode:1994JGR....9920929S. doi:10.1029/94JD01833.
• Duan, Y. Y.; Shi, L.; Sun, L. Q.; Zhu, M. S.; Han, L. Z. (1 March 2000). "Thermodynamic Properties of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF₃I)". International Journal of Thermophysics. 21 (2): 393–404. doi:10.1023/A:1006683529436. S2CID 118125837.
• Duan, Yuan-Yuan; Shi, Lin; Zhu, Ming-Shan; Han, Li-Zhong (January 1999). "Surface tension of trifluoroiodomethane (CF₃I)". Fluid Phase Equilibria. 154 (1): 71–77. doi:10.1016/S0378-3812(98)00439-7.
• Duan, Y. Y.; Sun, L. Q.; Shi, L.; Zhu, M. S.; Han, L. Z. (1 September 1997). "Thermal Conductivity of Gaseous Trifluoroiodomethane (CF₃I)". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 42 (5): 890–893. doi:10.1021/je9700378.
• Duan, Yuan-Yuan; Shi, Lin; Zhu, Ming-Shan; Han, Li-Zhong (1 May 1999). "Critical Parameters and Saturated Density of Trifluoroiodomethane (CF₃I)". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. 44 (3): 501–504. doi:10.1021/je980251b.
• Markgraf, Stewart J.; Wells, J. R.; Wiseman, Floyd L. (30 April 1996). Chamber Studies of Photolysis and Hydroxyl Radical Reactions of Trifluoroiodomethane. DTIC ADA318474.

External links

• National Research Council (US) Subcommittee on Iodotrifluoromethane (2004). "Physical and Chemical Properties And Efficacy". Iodotrifluoromethane. pp. 15–17. doi:10.17226/11090. ISBN 978-0-309-09307-1. PMID 25032315.
• Material Safety Data Sheet CF₃I (in English)
• CF₃I can be used as fire extinguishing agent