This article is about the Princely State of Tonk. For the city of Tonk, see Tonk, India. For the district of Tonk, see Tonk district.
Tonk was a Princely State of India at the time of the British Raj. The town of Tonk, which was the capital of the state, had a population of 273,201 in 1901. The town was surrounded by a wall and boasted a mud fort. It had a high school, the Walter hospital for women, under a matron, and a separate hospital for men. It has a bridge on river Banas.
Amir Khan was originally enlisted by the Holkar dynasty in 1806. Tonk and the surrounding regions were captured from Jaipur State and rewarded to Amir Khan for his services. In 1817 the British acknowledged Amir Khan as the ruler of Tonk on the condition that he disbanded his army. The army of Amir Khan consisted of 52 battalions of infantry, 15,000 Pashtun cavalry and 150 artillery. Amir Khan surrendered on the condition that the British enlist his men and buy his artillery. Rampura and Aligarh[clarification needed] were presented as gift by the British to Amir Khan for his cooperation.[1] It was the only princely state of Rajasthan with a Muslim ruling dynasty.
The state was formed of several enclaves located in an area covered by the alluvium of the Bands, and from this, a few rocky hills composed of schists of the Aravalli Range protrude, together with scattered outliers of the Alwar quartzites. Nimbahera is for the most part covered by shales, limestone, and sandstone belonging to the Lower Vindhyan group, while the Central India districts lie in the Deccan trap area, and present all the features common to that formation.
Besides the usual small game, antelope or ravine deer, and nilgai(Boselaphus tragocamelus) used to be common in the plains, and leopards, sambar deer(Cervus unicolor), and wild hog were found in many of the hills. Formerly an occasional tiger was met in the south-east of Aligarh, the north-east- of Nimbahera, and parts of Pirawa and Sironj.
The founder of the state was Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan (1769–1834), an adventurer and military leader of Pashtun descent. Amir Khan rose to be a military commander in the service of Yashwantrao Holkar of the Maratha Empire in 1798. In 1806, Khan received the state of Tonk from Yashwantrao Holkar.[2] In 1817, after the Third Anglo-Maratha War, Amir Khan submitted to the British British East India Company. As a result, he kept his territory of Tonk and received the title of Nawab. While retaining internal autonomy and remaining outside British India, the state came under the supervision of the Rajputana Agency and consisted of six isolated districts. Three of these were under the Rajputana Agency, namely, Tonk, Aligarh (formerly Rampura) and Nimbahera. The other three, Chhabra, Pirawa and Sironj were in the Central India Agency. The Haraoti-Tonk Agency, with headquarters at Deoli, dealt with the states of Tonk and Bundi, as well as with the state of Shahpura.[3]
A former minister of Tonk state, Sahibzada Obeidullah Khan, was deputed on political duty to Peshawar during the Tirah campaign of 1897.[4]
In 1899–1900, the state suffered much distress due to drought. The princely state enjoyed an estimated revenue of £128,546 in 1883–84;[1] however, no tribute was payable to the government of British India. Grain, cotton, opium and hides were the chief products and exports of the state. Two of the outlying tracts of the state were served by two different railways.
Nawab Sir Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan GCIE (ruled 1867–1930) was one of few chiefs to attend both Lord Lytton's Durbar in 1877 and the Delhi Durbar of 1903 as ruler.[4]
In 1947, on the Partition of India whereby India and Pakistan gained independence, the Nawab of Tonk decided to join India. Subsequently, most of the area of the state of Tonk was integrated into Rajasthanstate, while some of its eastern enclaves became part of Madhya Pradesh.
The foundation of the principality of Tonk led to the creation of a large Rajasthani Pathan community.
Rulers
The rulers of the state, the Salarzai Nawabs of Tonk, belonged to a Pashtun Tarkani tribe. They were entitled to a 17-gun salute by the British authorities.[citation needed] The last ruler before Indian independence, Nawab Muhammad Ismail Ali Khan, has no issue.
^ abHunter, Sir William Wilson (1887). The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Trübner & Company. tonk state .
^Lethbridge, Sir Roper (27 May 2005). The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire. Aakar Books. ISBN9788187879541 – via Google Books.
^Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. IV (1907), The Indian Empire, Administrative, Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552
^ abOne or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tonk". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 10.
tonk, state, this, article, about, princely, state, tonk, city, tonk, tonk, india, district, tonk, tonk, district, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced,. This article is about the Princely State of Tonk For the city of Tonk see Tonk India For the district of Tonk see Tonk district This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Tonk State news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Tonk was a Princely State of India at the time of the British Raj The town of Tonk which was the capital of the state had a population of 273 201 in 1901 The town was surrounded by a wall and boasted a mud fort It had a high school the Walter hospital for women under a matron and a separate hospital for men It has a bridge on river Banas Tonk Stateट क र य सत ریاست ٹونکPrincely State of British India1806 1949Flag Coat of armsTonk State in the Imperial Gazetteer of IndiaCapitalTonkArea 19316 512 km2 2 514 sq mi Population 1931317 360HistoryGovernment Motto Nasr min Allah Victory in God History Established1806 Independence of India1949Succeeded byRepublic of IndiaToday part ofRajasthan India Amir Khan was originally enlisted by the Holkar dynasty in 1806 Tonk and the surrounding regions were captured from Jaipur State and rewarded to Amir Khan for his services In 1817 the British acknowledged Amir Khan as the ruler of Tonk on the condition that he disbanded his army The army of Amir Khan consisted of 52 battalions of infantry 15 000 Pashtun cavalry and 150 artillery Amir Khan surrendered on the condition that the British enlist his men and buy his artillery Rampura and Aligarh clarification needed were presented as gift by the British to Amir Khan for his cooperation 1 It was the only princely state of Rajasthan with a Muslim ruling dynasty Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Rulers 3 1 Nawabs 3 2 Titular Nawabs 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksGeography EditThe state was formed of several enclaves located in an area covered by the alluvium of the Bands and from this a few rocky hills composed of schists of the Aravalli Range protrude together with scattered outliers of the Alwar quartzites Nimbahera is for the most part covered by shales limestone and sandstone belonging to the Lower Vindhyan group while the Central India districts lie in the Deccan trap area and present all the features common to that formation Besides the usual small game antelope or ravine deer and nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus used to be common in the plains and leopards sambar deer Cervus unicolor and wild hog were found in many of the hills Formerly an occasional tiger was met in the south east of Aligarh the north east of Nimbahera and parts of Pirawa and Sironj The total area of the princely state was 2553 sq mi with a total population in 1901 of 273 201 By treaty Tonk became a British protectorate in 1817 Following the Independence of India Tonk acceded to the newly independent dominion of India on 7 April 1949 It was located in the region bordering present day Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states that are now the Tonk district citation needed History EditThe founder of the state was Nawab Muhammad Amir Khan 1769 1834 an adventurer and military leader of Pashtun descent Amir Khan rose to be a military commander in the service of Yashwantrao Holkar of the Maratha Empire in 1798 In 1806 Khan received the state of Tonk from Yashwantrao Holkar 2 In 1817 after the Third Anglo Maratha War Amir Khan submitted to the British British East India Company As a result he kept his territory of Tonk and received the title of Nawab While retaining internal autonomy and remaining outside British India the state came under the supervision of the Rajputana Agency and consisted of six isolated districts Three of these were under the Rajputana Agency namely Tonk Aligarh formerly Rampura and Nimbahera The other three Chhabra Pirawa and Sironj were in the Central India Agency The Haraoti Tonk Agency with headquarters at Deoli dealt with the states of Tonk and Bundi as well as with the state of Shahpura 3 A former minister of Tonk state Sahibzada Obeidullah Khan was deputed on political duty to Peshawar during the Tirah campaign of 1897 4 In 1899 1900 the state suffered much distress due to drought The princely state enjoyed an estimated revenue of 128 546 in 1883 84 1 however no tribute was payable to the government of British India Grain cotton opium and hides were the chief products and exports of the state Two of the outlying tracts of the state were served by two different railways Nawab Sir Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan GCIE ruled 1867 1930 was one of few chiefs to attend both Lord Lytton s Durbar in 1877 and the Delhi Durbar of 1903 as ruler 4 In 1947 on the Partition of India whereby India and Pakistan gained independence the Nawab of Tonk decided to join India Subsequently most of the area of the state of Tonk was integrated into Rajasthan state while some of its eastern enclaves became part of Madhya Pradesh The foundation of the principality of Tonk led to the creation of a large Rajasthani Pathan community Rulers EditThe rulers of the state the Salarzai Nawabs of Tonk belonged to a Pashtun Tarkani tribe They were entitled to a 17 gun salute by the British authorities citation needed The last ruler before Indian independence Nawab Muhammad Ismail Ali Khan has no issue Nawabs Edit Muhammad Amir Khan 1806 1834 Muhammad Wazir Khan 1834 1864 Nawab Muhammad Ali Khan 1864 1867 Nawab Muhammad Ibrahim Ali Khan 1867 23 June 1930 Nawab Muhammad Saadat Ali Khan 23 June 1930 31 May 1947 Nawab Muhammad Faruq Ali Khan 1947 1948 Titular Nawabs Edit Nawab Muhammad Ismail Ali Khan 1948 1974 Nawab Masoom Ali Khan 1974 1994 Nawab Aftab Ali Khan 1994 See also EditLawa Thikana Pathans of Rajasthan Political integration of India List of Sunni Muslim dynastiesReferences Edit a b Hunter Sir William Wilson 1887 The Imperial Gazetteer of India Trubner amp Company tonk state Lethbridge Sir Roper 27 May 2005 The Golden Book of India A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes Chiefs Nobles and Other Personages Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire Aakar Books ISBN 9788187879541 via Google Books Imperial Gazetteer of India vol IV 1907 The Indian Empire Administrative Published under the authority of His Majesty s Secretary of State for India in Council Oxford at the Clarendon Press Pp xxx 1 map 552 a b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Tonk Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 27 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 10 External links Edit Media related to Tonk State at Wikimedia Commons Coordinates 26 10 N 75 47 E 26 17 N 75 78 E 26 17 75 78 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tonk State amp oldid 1142601469, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
