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Tondo, Manila

January 06, 2023

Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest in terms of area and population of Manila's sixteen districts,[2] with a Census-estimated 631,313 people in 2015 and consists of two congressional districts. It is also the second most densely populated district in the city.

Tondo
District of Manila
Tondo Church fronting Plaza Leon
CountryPhilippines
RegionNational Capital Region
CityManila
Congressional districtManila's 1st (western side) and 2nd districts (eastern side)
Area
 • Total8.65 km2 (3.40 sq mi)
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total654,220
 • Density76,000/km2 (190,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+08:00 (Philippine Standard Time)
Zip codes
1012 (Tondo South)
1013 (Tondo North)
Area codes2

Etymology

The name Tondo can be derived from its Old Tagalog name, Tundun as inscribed in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription of 900 AD, the earliest native document found within the Philippines. Dutch anthropologist Antoon Postma, the first to translate the copperplate, believes the term tundun originated from the old Indian language Sanskrit,[3] which was used alongside Old Malay as a language of politics and religion in the area at the time.

Before this landmark discovery, several theories (however incorrect now) existed. Philippine National Artist Nick Joaquin once suggested that it might be a reference to a high ground ("tundok").[4] On the other hand, French linguist Jean-Paul Potet, supposed that the river mangrove, which at the time was called "tundok" ("tinduk-tindukan" today), was the most likely origin of the name.[5]

History

Early Philippine history

Main article: Tondo (historical polity)
 
Laguna Copperplate Inscription (c. 900 AD)

The region of Tondo has been settled by humans for over 1,100 years. Historically, Tondo already existed in the year 900 AD according to the Laguna Copperplate Inscription,[6] a legal document that is the earliest document in the Philippines, written in Kawi now housed in the National Museum of Anthropology.

According to this document, Tondo was ruled by an unnamed person who held the Sanskrit title of senapati or the equivalent of an admiral. Tondo also had influence all the way to the modern-day province of Bulacan particularly around Lihan (Malolos) and Gatbuca (Calumpit). Tondo was ruled by a line of lakan until the Spanish conquest.

Colonial Period

 
Plaza Liga Filipina

After the Spaniards conquered Tondo in January 1571 they established the Province of Tondo which covered many territories in Northern Luzon particularly Pampanga, Bulacan and Rizal (formerly called Morong), with the city of Manila as its center. In a census conducted by Miguel de Loarca in 1583, Tondo was reported to have spoken the same language as the natives of the province of Pampanga.[7]

Institute of National Language commissioner Jose Villa Panganiban also wrote that the dividing line between Kapampangan and Tagalog was the Pasig River, and that Tondo therefore originally spoke Kapampangan.[8] However, Fray Isacio Rodriquez's Historia dela Provincia del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus de Filipinas stated that Provincia de Tagalos which is Tondo covers all the territories of the future Archdiocese of Manila. Prior to the establishment of the Province of Bulacan in 1578 Malolos and Calumpit were also included in the territory of Tondo as its visitas. In 1800, the Province of Tondo was renamed to Province of Manila.

Tondo was one of the first provinces to declare rebellion against Spain in the year 1896. In 1911, under the American colonial regime, there was a major reorganization of political divisions, and the province of Tondo was dissolved, with its towns given to the provinces of Rizal and Bulacan. Today, Tondo just exists as a district in the City of Manila.

Contemporary period

 
Aerial view of Tondo district after fire, 1941

Slums developed in Tondo along the Pasig River. Authorities sought to improve housing conditions on these areas without condoning the action of squatting committed by the slums' residents. In the 1970s, the World Bank provided funds to improve conditions in Tondo which led the increase of rent prices and a property boom in the area. These caused the poor to be marginalized. The slums that were upgraded were legalized but these areas remain vastly different from other parts of Manila with higher population density, more irregular road and plot patterns, and uncontrolled housing.[9]

In the 1987 constitution, Tondo split into two congressional districts of Manila making the first district to the west while the second district in the east. Paco also split by fifth and sixth congressional districts which the fifth in the south and sixth in the north.

Economy

 
Manila North Harbor and slum settlements

Tondo hosts the Manila North Harbor Port, the northern half of the Port of Manila, the primary seaport serving Metro Manila and surrounding areas.[10]

The area also hosted Smokey Mountain, a landfill which served Metro Manila and employed thousands of people from around 1960s until its closure in the late 1990s. The dumpsite served as a symbol of poverty even at least two decades since its closure.[11]

Demographics

 
Busy street near Pritil Market

Urbanization as well as the Lina Law which favors squatters over land owners has resulted in Tondo being one of the most densely populated areas in the world at 69,000 inhabitants per square kilometer (180,000/sq mi).[12]

Crime

Tondo has developed a reputation for criminality and poverty. In 2010, Manila records state that Tondo has the highest criminal rate in the whole city with the most common crime being pick pocketing.[13]

Culture

The district celebrates the feast of the Santo Niño de Tondo annually in January, which is dedicated to the image of the Santo Niño housed within the 16th century Augustinian Tondo Church. The Lakbayaw Street Dance Festival, a competition among Ati-Atihan groups and school, local and religious groups, served as the climax of the feast.[14]

Education

The Manila office of the Department of Education lists 26 public elementary schools and 11 public high schools in Tondo.[15]

List of Barangays

First District

Zone 1: Barangays 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10

Zone 2: Barangays 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, and 32

Zone 3: Barangays 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, and 47

Zone 4: Barangays 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, and 55

Zone 5: Barangays 56, 57, 58, 59, and 60

Zone 6: Barangays 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, and 75

Zone 7: Barangays 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, and 90

Zone 8: Barangays 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, and 106

Zone 9: Barangays 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, and 123

Zone 10: Barangays 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, and 129

Zone 11: Barangays 130, 131, 132, 133, and 134

Zone 12: Barangays 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, and 146

Second District

Zone 13: Barangays 147, 148, 149, 150, and 151

Zone 14: Barangays 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, and 165

Zone 15: Barangays 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, and 176

Zone 16: Barangays 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, and 186

Zone 17: Barangays 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, and 197

Zone 18: Barangays 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 202-A, 203, 204, and 205

Zone 19: Barangays 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, and 212

Zone 20: Barangays 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, and 220

Zone 21: Barangays 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, and 233

Zone 22: Barangays 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, and 248

Zone 23: Barangays 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, and 259

Zone 24: Barangays 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, and 267

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
  2. ^ "Republic Act No. 409: AN ACT TO REVISE THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF MANILA, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES". Official Gazette. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  3. ^ Postma, Antoon (1992). "The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text and Commentary". Philippine Studies. 40 (2): 183–203. JSTOR 42633308.
  4. ^ Joaqiun, Nick (1990). Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young. City of Manila: Anvil Publishing, Inc. ISBN 978-9715693134.
  5. ^ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013). Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog. p. 444. ISBN 9781291457261.
  6. ^ Morrow, Paul. . Archived from the original on February 5, 2008.
  7. ^ Miguel de Loarca's Census of 1583
  8. ^ Panganiban
  9. ^ "Settlements & Growth". Creating Neighbourhoods and Places in the Built Environment. Taylor & Francis. September 2, 2003. p. 39. ISBN 1135817901.
  10. ^ "SMC wrests control of port from Romero". Manila Standard. February 18, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  11. ^ Endo, Jun (March 10, 2017). "Mountain of garbage blights Manila". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  12. ^ "Tondo: The space in between". Al Jazeera. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  13. ^ "Tondo has highest crime rate in Manila". ABS-CBN (in Filipino). August 21, 2010. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  14. ^ Santos, Mat (January 20, 2018). "Celebrating the Feast of the Sto. Niño". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
  15. ^ "DepED Manila Public Schools". Department of Education Manila. Department of Education Manila. Retrieved March 17, 2018.

Further reading

  • Gaspar de San Agustin, Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas 1565-1615, Translated by Luis Antonio Ma�eru, 1st bilingual ed [Spanish and English], published by Pedro Galende, OSA: Intramuros, Manila, 1998
  • Henson, Mariano A. 1965. The Province of Pampanga and Its Towns: A.D. 1300-1965. 4th ed. revised. Angeles City: By the author.
  • Loarca, Miguel de. 1582. Relacion de las Yslas Filipinas. Blair and Robertson vol. 5 page 87:
  • Panganiban, J.V. 1972. Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles. Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co.
  • Mallat, Jean, Les Philippines: Histoire, Geographie, Moeurs, Agriculture, Idustrie, Commerce des colonies Espagnoles dans l'Oc�anie, Paris: Arthus Bertrand, Libraire de la Soci�t� de G�ographie, 1846
  • Santiago, Luciano P.R., The Houses of Lakandula, Matanda, and Soliman [1571-1898]: Genealogy and Group Identity, Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 18 [1990]
  • Scott, William Henry, Barangay: Sixteenth-Century Philippine Culture and Society, Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1994
  • Scott, William Henry, Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of Philippine History, Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1984

External links

  • After Fishing in Tondo, Manila, oil on canvas by Fernando Amorsolo, 1927. 58.4 x 96.5 cm.
  • Casas de Pescadores en Tondo ("Fishermen's Houses, Tondo"), oil on canvas by Fabian de la Rosa, 1928. 50 x 70 cm.
  •   Media related to Tondo, Manila at Wikimedia Commons

Coordinates: 14°37′01″N 120°58′01″E / 14.617°N 120.967°E / 14.617; 120.967

January 06, 2023
tondo, manila, tondo, district, located, manila, philippines, largest, terms, area, population, manila, sixteen, districts, with, census, estimated, people, 2015, consists, congressional, districts, also, second, most, densely, populated, district, city, tondo. Tondo is a district located in Manila Philippines It is the largest in terms of area and population of Manila s sixteen districts 2 with a Census estimated 631 313 people in 2015 and consists of two congressional districts It is also the second most densely populated district in the city TondoDistrict of ManilaTondo Church fronting Plaza LeonCountryPhilippinesRegionNational Capital RegionCityManilaCongressional districtManila s 1st western side and 2nd districts eastern side Area Total8 65 km2 3 40 sq mi Population 2020 1 Total654 220 Density76 000 km2 190 000 sq mi Time zoneUTC 08 00 Philippine Standard Time Zip codes1012 Tondo South 1013 Tondo North Area codes2 Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2 1 Early Philippine history 2 2 Colonial Period 2 3 Contemporary period 3 Economy 4 Demographics 4 1 Crime 4 2 Culture 5 Education 6 List of Barangays 6 1 First District 6 2 Second District 7 Notable people 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksEtymology EditThe name Tondo can be derived from its Old Tagalog name Tundun as inscribed in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription of 900 AD the earliest native document found within the Philippines Dutch anthropologist Antoon Postma the first to translate the copperplate believes the term tundun originated from the old Indian language Sanskrit 3 which was used alongside Old Malay as a language of politics and religion in the area at the time Before this landmark discovery several theories however incorrect now existed Philippine National Artist Nick Joaquin once suggested that it might be a reference to a high ground tundok 4 On the other hand French linguist Jean Paul Potet supposed that the river mangrove which at the time was called tundok tinduk tindukan today was the most likely origin of the name 5 History EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Tondo Manila news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Early Philippine history Edit Main article Tondo historical polity Laguna Copperplate Inscription c 900 AD The region of Tondo has been settled by humans for over 1 100 years Historically Tondo already existed in the year 900 AD according to the Laguna Copperplate Inscription 6 a legal document that is the earliest document in the Philippines written in Kawi now housed in the National Museum of Anthropology According to this document Tondo was ruled by an unnamed person who held the Sanskrit title of senapati or the equivalent of an admiral Tondo also had influence all the way to the modern day province of Bulacan particularly around Lihan Malolos and Gatbuca Calumpit Tondo was ruled by a line of lakan until the Spanish conquest Colonial Period Edit Plaza Liga Filipina After the Spaniards conquered Tondo in January 1571 they established the Province of Tondo which covered many territories in Northern Luzon particularly Pampanga Bulacan and Rizal formerly called Morong with the city of Manila as its center In a census conducted by Miguel de Loarca in 1583 Tondo was reported to have spoken the same language as the natives of the province of Pampanga 7 Institute of National Language commissioner Jose Villa Panganiban also wrote that the dividing line between Kapampangan and Tagalog was the Pasig River and that Tondo therefore originally spoke Kapampangan 8 However Fray Isacio Rodriquez s Historia dela Provincia del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus de Filipinas stated that Provincia de Tagalos which is Tondo covers all the territories of the future Archdiocese of Manila Prior to the establishment of the Province of Bulacan in 1578 Malolos and Calumpit were also included in the territory of Tondo as its visitas In 1800 the Province of Tondo was renamed to Province of Manila Tondo was one of the first provinces to declare rebellion against Spain in the year 1896 In 1911 under the American colonial regime there was a major reorganization of political divisions and the province of Tondo was dissolved with its towns given to the provinces of Rizal and Bulacan Today Tondo just exists as a district in the City of Manila Contemporary period Edit Aerial view of Tondo district after fire 1941 Slums developed in Tondo along the Pasig River Authorities sought to improve housing conditions on these areas without condoning the action of squatting committed by the slums residents In the 1970s the World Bank provided funds to improve conditions in Tondo which led the increase of rent prices and a property boom in the area These caused the poor to be marginalized The slums that were upgraded were legalized but these areas remain vastly different from other parts of Manila with higher population density more irregular road and plot patterns and uncontrolled housing 9 In the 1987 constitution Tondo split into two congressional districts of Manila making the first district to the west while the second district in the east Paco also split by fifth and sixth congressional districts which the fifth in the south and sixth in the north Economy Edit Manila North Harbor and slum settlements Tondo hosts the Manila North Harbor Port the northern half of the Port of Manila the primary seaport serving Metro Manila and surrounding areas 10 The area also hosted Smokey Mountain a landfill which served Metro Manila and employed thousands of people from around 1960s until its closure in the late 1990s The dumpsite served as a symbol of poverty even at least two decades since its closure 11 Demographics Edit Busy street near Pritil Market Urbanization as well as the Lina Law which favors squatters over land owners has resulted in Tondo being one of the most densely populated areas in the world at 69 000 inhabitants per square kilometer 180 000 sq mi 12 Crime Edit Tondo has developed a reputation for criminality and poverty In 2010 Manila records state that Tondo has the highest criminal rate in the whole city with the most common crime being pick pocketing 13 Culture Edit The district celebrates the feast of the Santo Nino de Tondo annually in January which is dedicated to the image of the Santo Nino housed within the 16th century Augustinian Tondo Church The Lakbayaw Street Dance Festival a competition among Ati Atihan groups and school local and religious groups served as the climax of the feast 14 Education EditThe Manila office of the Department of Education lists 26 public elementary schools and 11 public high schools in Tondo 15 List of Barangays EditFirst District Edit Zone 1 Barangays 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and 10Zone 2 Barangays 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 25 26 28 29 30 31 and 32Zone 3 Barangays 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 44 45 46 and 47Zone 4 Barangays 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 and 55Zone 5 Barangays 56 57 58 59 and 60Zone 6 Barangays 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 and 75Zone 7 Barangays 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 and 90Zone 8 Barangays 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 and 106Zone 9 Barangays 107 108 109 110 111 112 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 and 123Zone 10 Barangays 124 125 126 127 128 and 129Zone 11 Barangays 130 131 132 133 and 134Zone 12 Barangays 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 and 146 Second District Edit Zone 13 Barangays 147 148 149 150 and 151Zone 14 Barangays 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 and 165Zone 15 Barangays 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 and 176Zone 16 Barangays 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 and 186Zone 17 Barangays 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 and 197Zone 18 Barangays 198 199 200 201 202 202 A 203 204 and 205Zone 19 Barangays 206 207 208 209 210 211 and 212Zone 20 Barangays 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 and 220Zone 21 Barangays 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 and 233Zone 22 Barangays 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 and 248Zone 23 Barangays 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 and 259Zone 24 Barangays 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 and 267Notable people EditArturo Tolentino Senator and lawyer Andres Bonifacio November 30 1863 May 10 1897 Filipino revolutionary leader Lakandula or Lakan Dula 1503 1575 the last ruler of pre colonial Tondo when the Spaniards first conquered the lands of the Pasig River delta in the Philippines in the 1570s Tito Arevalo late actor Emilio Jacinto Filipino general Mila del Sol late actress Esang de Torres singer stage actress Mona Lisa actress Chichay comedian Dely Atay Atayan comedian and singer Amado V Hernandez labour leader awarded order national artist of the Philippines Charito Solis actress Jose Palma soldier writer Lualhati Bautista novelist Gina Alajar actress and tv director Wendell Ramos actor and firefighter Florin Hilbay attorney Levi Celerio national artist of the Philippines Isko Moreno actor and former mayor of Manila Manny Villar businessmen chairman Vista Land former president of the Senate of the Philippines Ricky Belmonte December 24 1947 October 3 2001 actor and father of Sheryl Cruz Ramon Ang businessman vice chairman of San Miguel Corporation Arnold Clavio newscaster and journalist Rene Requiestas 1957 1993 actor comedian Dolphy actor comedian Carlos Badion basketball player Ernest Obiena pole vaulter RK Bagatsing actor model Vice Ganda actor comedian Aldub vlogger and host Raymond Bagatsing dramatic actor and model Jerald Napoles actor Joyce Pring actress Arnel Pineda singer and the current vocalist of Journey Regine Velasquez Alcasid singer and songwriter composer Ramon Bagatsing politician and the former mayor of Manila Willie Ong cardiologist Geneva Cruz actress singer and composer Joseph Estrada former actor and President Valerie Concepcion actress and television host Asiong Salonga gangster also known as the King of Tondo McCoy de Leon actor and dancerReferences Edit Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population Philippine Statistics Authority Retrieved July 11 2017 Republic Act No 409 AN ACT TO REVISE THE CHARTER OF THE CITY OF MANILA AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Official Gazette Retrieved November 4 2017 Postma Antoon 1992 The Laguna Copper Plate Inscription Text and Commentary Philippine Studies 40 2 183 203 JSTOR 42633308 Joaqiun Nick 1990 Manila My Manila A History for the Young City of Manila Anvil Publishing Inc ISBN 978 9715693134 Potet Jean Paul G 2013 Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog p 444 ISBN 9781291457261 Morrow Paul The Laguna Copperplate Inscription Archived from the original on February 5 2008 Miguel de Loarca s Census of 1583 Panganiban Settlements amp Growth Creating Neighbourhoods and Places in the Built Environment Taylor amp Francis September 2 2003 p 39 ISBN 1135817901 SMC wrests control of port from Romero Manila Standard February 18 2016 Retrieved March 17 2018 Endo Jun March 10 2017 Mountain of garbage blights Manila Nikkei Asian Review Retrieved March 17 2018 Tondo The space in between Al Jazeera Retrieved March 17 2018 Tondo has highest crime rate in Manila ABS CBN in Filipino August 21 2010 Retrieved March 17 2018 Santos Mat January 20 2018 Celebrating the Feast of the Sto Nino Manila Bulletin Retrieved March 17 2018 DepED Manila Public Schools Department of Education Manila Department of Education Manila Retrieved March 17 2018 Further reading EditGaspar de San Agustin Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas 1565 1615 Translated by Luis Antonio Ma eru 1st bilingual ed Spanish and English published by Pedro Galende OSA Intramuros Manila 1998 Henson Mariano A 1965 The Province of Pampanga and Its Towns A D 1300 1965 4th ed revised Angeles City By the author Loarca Miguel de 1582 Relacion de las Yslas Filipinas Blair and Robertson vol 5 page 87 Panganiban J V 1972 Diksyunaryo Tesauro Pilipino Ingles Quezon City Manlapaz Publishing Co Mallat Jean Les Philippines Histoire Geographie Moeurs Agriculture Idustrie Commerce des colonies Espagnoles dans l Oc anie Paris Arthus Bertrand Libraire de la Soci t de G ographie 1846 Santiago Luciano P R The Houses of Lakandula Matanda and Soliman 1571 1898 Genealogy and Group Identity Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 18 1990 Scott William Henry Barangay Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society Quezon City Ateneo de Manila University Press 1994 Scott William Henry Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of Philippine History Quezon City New Day Publishers 1984External links EditAfter Fishing in Tondo Manila oil on canvas by Fernando Amorsolo 1927 58 4 x 96 5 cm Casas de Pescadores en Tondo Fishermen s Houses Tondo oil on canvas by Fabian de la Rosa 1928 50 x 70 cm Media related to Tondo Manila at Wikimedia Commons Coordinates 14 37 01 N 120 58 01 E 14 617 N 120 967 E 14 617 120 967 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tondo Manila amp oldid 1131258125, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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