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Temple Israel of the City of New York

Temple Israel of the City of New York is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 112 East 75th Street, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, in the United States. The congregation was incorporated by German Jews in 1873.[5][6]

Temple Israel
Temple Israel 1967 building, in 2018
Religion
AffiliationReform Judaism
Ecclesiastical or organisational statusSynagogue
Leadership
  • Rabbi David J. Gelfand
  • Rabbi Melissa Buyer Whitman
StatusActive
Location
Location112 East 75th Street, Upper East Side, Manhattan, New York City, New York
CountryUnited States
Location of the current synagogue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City
Geographic coordinates40°46′21″N 73°57′42″W / 40.7725°N 73.9618°W / 40.7725; -73.9618
Architecture
Architect(s)
TypeSynagogue
StyleBrutalist (East 75th)
Date established1873 (as a congregation)
Completed
  • 1887 (Fifth Avenue)
  • 1907 (Lenox Avenue)
  • 1920 (West 91st Street)
  • 1967 (East 75th Street)
Website
tinyc.org
Temple Israel of the City of New York
(Young Israel of the West Side)
The former synagogue, now Young Israel of the West Side, at 210 West 91st Street
Location of the NRHP-listed synagogue on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City
Location210 West 91st Street, Upper West Side, Manhattan
Coordinates40°47′27″N 73°58′24″W / 40.7908738°N 73.9733124°W / 40.7908738; -73.9733124
Area0.32 acres (1,300 m2)
Built1920 (1920)
ArchitectWilliam Tachau
Architectural styleNeoclassical
NRHP reference No.100009191
Added to NRHPAugust 4, 2023
[1][2][3][4]

It purchased its first synagogue building at Fifth Avenue and 125th Street in 1887, constructed its own at 201 Lenox Avenue and 120th Street in 1907,[7] and constructed another at 210 West 91st Street in 1920.[2] Its current Brutalist-style building, at 112 East 75th Street was completed in 1967.[2]

Since its founding, Temple Israel has been served by only five senior rabbis: Maurice H. Harris (1882–1930), William Rosenblum (1930–1963), Martin Zion (1963–1991), Judith Lewis (1991–2006), and David Gelfand since 2006.[6]

Early history edit

Temple Israel was incorporated in 1873[5] as Yod b'Yod ("Hand in Hand") congregation[2][7] (formally Congregation Hand in Hand of Harlem[8]), the first synagogue in Harlem.[9] The founders were German Jews,[6] typically shopkeepers, traditionally observant, and first worshiped above a printing shop on East 125th Street in Harlem.[7] An early trustee was Cyrus L. Sulzberger, father of New York Times publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger.[2] They soon established a Hebrew school called "Gates of Learning" for the 45 children of the congregation.[7] The congregation rented a larger space on 124th Street in 1874, and in 1876 leased a former church on 116th Street,[7] between First Avenue and Second Avenue.[6] In 1880, the congregation purchased the building on 116th Street.[7]

Temple Israel was initially lay-led, but in 1882 appointed Maurice H. Harris as the congregation's rabbi; at the time, he was still a student at Columbia College, Columbia University and Emanu-El Theological Seminary.[6][7] That year, the congregation changed its name to Temple Israel of Harlem[10] (though the name change wasn't formally legalized until 1894[8]). In 1884, Harris' installation was made official.[7]

First buildings edit

 
201 Lenox Avenue

In 1887, the congregation purchased a building at Fifth Avenue and 125th Street, and the following year re-dedicated it as their synagogue.[7] Designed by John W. Welch, the building had been formerly owned by the Holy Trinity Church, and was constructed in 1869–1870.[2] In 1888 the congregation also re-organized, changing its name to Temple Israel of Harlem.[2][7] In 1898, the congregation celebrated its 25-year anniversary and 10 years in its current home.

 
"TEMPLE ISRAEL" and "TEMPLE HALL" on Lenox Avenue map in 1916

The congregation constructed its own synagogue building at 201 Lenox Avenue, at 120th Street, in 1907.[2][7] The limestone[6] building was not designed in the typical Moorish Revival style of other synagogues of the time; the designer, Arnold Brunner, argued that "synagogues have no traditional lines of architectural expression".[11] According to David W. Dunlap, the building "looks like a Roman temple until you notice the Stars of David in the column capitals, fanlights, and spandrel panels",[11] and "may rank as the single best Neoclassical synagogue in Manhattan".[2] Temple Israel joined the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (now Union for Reform Judaism) in 1909,[7] and a few years later[12] merged with Shaarey Borocho (or Shaaray Beracha), a synagogue of Alsatian Jews.[2][7]

During World War I, the loyalties of the still mostly German-Jewish members were, at first, divided between the Central Powers and the Allied Powers, though Harris supported the Allies.[1]

Moves to West 91st Street and East 75th Street edit

In 1920, the members moved to a new Neoclassical building at 210 West 91st Street, designed by William Tachau;[2] the old building on Lenox Avenue was sold to the Seventh-Day Adventist Temple, which in turn sold it in 1925 to the Mount Olivet Baptist Church.[11] Temple Israel elected its first woman trustee in 1921,[6] dedicated its new building in 1922, and in 1924 officially changed its name to Temple Israel of the City of New York.[7] By 1929, membership exceeded 950.[7]

William Franklin Rosenblum succeeded Harris as Temple Israel's second rabbi in 1930, and Harris died just a few months later that year.[7][6] The congregation was active during the Great Depression, and supported Jewish education programs for poor children of the neighborhood.[7] Temple Israel actively supported the war effort during World War II,[7] and afterward Rosenblum opposed the creation of Israel,[6] though he would later become a supporter of the country.[1]

Rosenblum retired in 1963, and Martin Zion succeeded him that year as Temple Israel's third rabbi.[13] At the time, the congregation's trustees had decided to relocate the synagogue from the Upper West Side to the Upper East Side of Manhattan,[6] and in 1964 began construction of a new building at Temple Israel's current location, 112 East 75th Street.[2] Designed by architect Peter Claman of Schuman & Lichtenstein, the Brutalist structure was completed in 1967. The previous building on West 91st Street was sold to the Young Israel of the West Side congregation, who still occupy it.[2] The 1920 building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2023.[14][4]

Events since 1980 edit

Robert Abelson became leader of the congregation's music program in 1980.[6] In 1985, Judith Lewis became Temple Israel's Director of Education, and in 1991 she succeeded Zion as the synagogue's fourth senior rabbi. By 1995, membership was over four hundred families.[13]

In 2006 David Gelfand succeeded Lewis, becoming Temple Israel's fifth Senior Rabbi in 2006,[6][10] after an acrimonious departure from the Jewish Center of the Hamptons.[15][16] Gelfand had previously served as rabbi in Temple Beth-El in Great Neck, New York; Har Sinai Temple in Pennington, New Jersey; and the Fairmount Temple in Beachwood, Ohio. He helped found and served as a national officer of the Interfaith Alliance, and is a member of the National Council of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee.[17]

Irena Altshul joined Temple Israel in 2003,[17] left in 2006, and rejoined as cantor in 2013.[1] Melissa Buyer-Wittman joined the synagogue as Director of Lifelong Learning in 2011, and David Reinhart became Assistant Rabbi in 2019.[17]

In 2022 the congregation launched a $40 million capital campaign to undertake major renovations to the main sanctuary, expansion of the chapel and courtyard enclosure, enhancements to the building's upper levels, and updates to the ballroom. $28 million had been pledged by major benefactors at the time of the launch.[18]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b c d "Our History", Temple of Israel website.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Dunlap (2004), p. 270.
  3. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  4. ^ a b Maxwell Foster, Anne (2022). "Draft Nomination Form: Temple Israel of the City of New York (Young Israel of the West Side)" (PDF). National Register of Historic Places. National Parks Service. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  5. ^ a b Dunlap (2004), p. 270. "About the Temple", Temple Israel website and "Our History", Temple of Israel website give the founding year as 1870.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "About the Temple", Temple Israel website.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 248.
  8. ^ a b Laws of the State of New York, Volume 1 (1894), Chapter 427, p. 871.
  9. ^ Israelowitz (2004), pp.111 113.
  10. ^ a b Montesano (2010).
  11. ^ a b c Dunlap (2004), p. 152.
  12. ^ Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 248 states the merger occurred in 1914. Dunlap (2004), p. 270 gives the year as 1909.
  13. ^ a b Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 249.
  14. ^ "WEEKLY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES: 7/28/2023 THROUGH 8/4/2023". National Park Service. Retrieved August 6, 2023.
  15. ^ Dickter (2006).
  16. ^ Ellin (2006).
  17. ^ a b c "Meet Us", Temple of Israel website.
  18. ^ "Building our future now", Temple of Israel website.

References edit

  • Dickter, Adam. "Embattled Hamptons Rabbi Moving On", The Jewish Week, May 19, 2006.
  • Dunlap, David W. From Abyssinian to Zion: A Guide to Manhattan's Houses of Worship, Columbia University Press, 2004. ISBN 978-0-231-12542-0
  • Ellin, Abby. "It’s Back to Shul For Gelfand", New York, June 23, 2006.
  • Gurock, Jeffrey S. The Jews of Harlem: The Rise, Decline, and Revival of a Jewish Community, New York University Press, 2016. ISBN 9781479801169
  • Israelowitz, Oscar. Oscar Israelowitz's Guide to Jewish New York City, Israelowitz Publishing, 2004. ISBN 9781878741622
  • New York State Legislative Bill Drafting Commission. Laws of the State of New York, Passed at the One Hundred and Seventeenth Session of the Legislature, Volume 1, January 22–April 27, 1894.
  • Montesano, Jessica. "Temple Israel", in Kenneth T. Jackson, Lisa Keller, Nancy Flood (eds.), The Encyclopedia of New York City: Second Edition, Yale University Press, 2010. ISBN 9780300182576
  • Olitzky, Kerry M.; Raphael, Marc Lee. The American Synagogue: A Historical Dictionary and Sourcebook, Greenwood Press, 1996. ISBN 978-0-313-28856-2
  • Temple Israel website:
    • , Temple Israel website. Accessed October 20, 2010.
    • "Meet Us", Temple Israel website. Accessed August 14, 2019.
    • "Our History", Temple Israel website. Accessed August 14, 2019.
    • "Building our future now: Capital Campaign Brochure", Temple Israel website, August 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023.

External links edit

temple, israel, city, york, similarly, named, synagogues, temple, israel, reform, jewish, congregation, synagogue, located, east, 75th, street, upper, east, side, manhattan, york, city, york, united, states, congregation, incorporated, german, jews, 1873, temp. For similarly named synagogues see Temple Israel Temple Israel of the City of New York is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 112 East 75th Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City New York in the United States The congregation was incorporated by German Jews in 1873 5 6 Temple IsraelTemple Israel 1967 building in 2018ReligionAffiliationReform JudaismEcclesiastical or organisational statusSynagogueLeadershipRabbi David J GelfandRabbi Melissa Buyer WhitmanStatusActiveLocationLocation112 East 75th Street Upper East Side Manhattan New York City New YorkCountryUnited StatesLocation of the current synagogue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan New York CityGeographic coordinates40 46 21 N 73 57 42 W 40 7725 N 73 9618 W 40 7725 73 9618ArchitectureArchitect s John W Welch Fifth Avenue Arnold Brunner Lenox Street William Tachau West 91st Street Peter Claman East 75th Schuman amp Lichtenstein TypeSynagogueStyleBrutalist East 75th Date established1873 as a congregation Completed1887 Fifth Avenue 1907 Lenox Avenue 1920 West 91st Street 1967 East 75th Street Websitetinyc wbr orgTemple Israel of the City of New York Young Israel of the West Side U S National Register of Historic PlacesThe former synagogue now Young Israel of the West Side at 210 West 91st StreetLocation of the NRHP listed synagogue on the Upper West Side of Manhattan New York CityLocation210 West 91st Street Upper West Side ManhattanCoordinates40 47 27 N 73 58 24 W 40 7908738 N 73 9733124 W 40 7908738 73 9733124Area0 32 acres 1 300 m2 Built1920 1920 ArchitectWilliam TachauArchitectural styleNeoclassicalNRHP reference No 100009191Added to NRHPAugust 4 2023 1 2 3 4 It purchased its first synagogue building at Fifth Avenue and 125th Street in 1887 constructed its own at 201 Lenox Avenue and 120th Street in 1907 7 and constructed another at 210 West 91st Street in 1920 2 Its current Brutalist style building at 112 East 75th Street was completed in 1967 2 Since its founding Temple Israel has been served by only five senior rabbis Maurice H Harris 1882 1930 William Rosenblum 1930 1963 Martin Zion 1963 1991 Judith Lewis 1991 2006 and David Gelfand since 2006 6 Contents 1 Early history 2 First buildings 3 Moves to West 91st Street and East 75th Street 4 Events since 1980 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksEarly history editTemple Israel was incorporated in 1873 5 as Yod b Yod Hand in Hand congregation 2 7 formally Congregation Hand in Hand of Harlem 8 the first synagogue in Harlem 9 The founders were German Jews 6 typically shopkeepers traditionally observant and first worshiped above a printing shop on East 125th Street in Harlem 7 An early trustee was Cyrus L Sulzberger father of New York Times publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger 2 They soon established a Hebrew school called Gates of Learning for the 45 children of the congregation 7 The congregation rented a larger space on 124th Street in 1874 and in 1876 leased a former church on 116th Street 7 between First Avenue and Second Avenue 6 In 1880 the congregation purchased the building on 116th Street 7 Temple Israel was initially lay led but in 1882 appointed Maurice H Harris as the congregation s rabbi at the time he was still a student at Columbia College Columbia University and Emanu El Theological Seminary 6 7 That year the congregation changed its name to Temple Israel of Harlem 10 though the name change wasn t formally legalized until 1894 8 In 1884 Harris installation was made official 7 First buildings edit nbsp 201 Lenox AvenueIn 1887 the congregation purchased a building at Fifth Avenue and 125th Street and the following year re dedicated it as their synagogue 7 Designed by John W Welch the building had been formerly owned by the Holy Trinity Church and was constructed in 1869 1870 2 In 1888 the congregation also re organized changing its name to Temple Israel of Harlem 2 7 In 1898 the congregation celebrated its 25 year anniversary and 10 years in its current home nbsp TEMPLE ISRAEL and TEMPLE HALL on Lenox Avenue map in 1916The congregation constructed its own synagogue building at 201 Lenox Avenue at 120th Street in 1907 2 7 The limestone 6 building was not designed in the typical Moorish Revival style of other synagogues of the time the designer Arnold Brunner argued that synagogues have no traditional lines of architectural expression 11 According to David W Dunlap the building looks like a Roman temple until you notice the Stars of David in the column capitals fanlights and spandrel panels 11 and may rank as the single best Neoclassical synagogue in Manhattan 2 Temple Israel joined the Union of American Hebrew Congregations now Union for Reform Judaism in 1909 7 and a few years later 12 merged with Shaarey Borocho or Shaaray Beracha a synagogue of Alsatian Jews 2 7 During World War I the loyalties of the still mostly German Jewish members were at first divided between the Central Powers and the Allied Powers though Harris supported the Allies 1 Moves to West 91st Street and East 75th Street editIn 1920 the members moved to a new Neoclassical building at 210 West 91st Street designed by William Tachau 2 the old building on Lenox Avenue was sold to the Seventh Day Adventist Temple which in turn sold it in 1925 to the Mount Olivet Baptist Church 11 Temple Israel elected its first woman trustee in 1921 6 dedicated its new building in 1922 and in 1924 officially changed its name to Temple Israel of the City of New York 7 By 1929 membership exceeded 950 7 William Franklin Rosenblum succeeded Harris as Temple Israel s second rabbi in 1930 and Harris died just a few months later that year 7 6 The congregation was active during the Great Depression and supported Jewish education programs for poor children of the neighborhood 7 Temple Israel actively supported the war effort during World War II 7 and afterward Rosenblum opposed the creation of Israel 6 though he would later become a supporter of the country 1 Rosenblum retired in 1963 and Martin Zion succeeded him that year as Temple Israel s third rabbi 13 At the time the congregation s trustees had decided to relocate the synagogue from the Upper West Side to the Upper East Side of Manhattan 6 and in 1964 began construction of a new building at Temple Israel s current location 112 East 75th Street 2 Designed by architect Peter Claman of Schuman amp Lichtenstein the Brutalist structure was completed in 1967 The previous building on West 91st Street was sold to the Young Israel of the West Side congregation who still occupy it 2 The 1920 building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2023 14 4 Events since 1980 editRobert Abelson became leader of the congregation s music program in 1980 6 In 1985 Judith Lewis became Temple Israel s Director of Education and in 1991 she succeeded Zion as the synagogue s fourth senior rabbi By 1995 membership was over four hundred families 13 In 2006 David Gelfand succeeded Lewis becoming Temple Israel s fifth Senior Rabbi in 2006 6 10 after an acrimonious departure from the Jewish Center of the Hamptons 15 16 Gelfand had previously served as rabbi in Temple Beth El in Great Neck New York Har Sinai Temple in Pennington New Jersey and the Fairmount Temple in Beachwood Ohio He helped found and served as a national officer of the Interfaith Alliance and is a member of the National Council of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee 17 Irena Altshul joined Temple Israel in 2003 17 left in 2006 and rejoined as cantor in 2013 1 Melissa Buyer Wittman joined the synagogue as Director of Lifelong Learning in 2011 and David Reinhart became Assistant Rabbi in 2019 17 In 2022 the congregation launched a 40 million capital campaign to undertake major renovations to the main sanctuary expansion of the chapel and courtyard enclosure enhancements to the building s upper levels and updates to the ballroom 28 million had been pledged by major benefactors at the time of the launch 18 See also editList of synagogues named Temple IsraelNotes edit a b c d Our History Temple of Israel website a b c d e f g h i j k l m Dunlap 2004 p 270 National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service July 9 2010 a b Maxwell Foster Anne 2022 Draft Nomination Form Temple Israel of the City of New York Young Israel of the West Side PDF National Register of Historic Places National Parks Service Retrieved December 31 2023 a b Dunlap 2004 p 270 About the Temple Temple Israel website and Our History Temple of Israel website give the founding year as 1870 a b c d e f g h i j k l About the Temple Temple Israel website a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Olitzky amp Raphael 1996 p 248 a b Laws of the State of New York Volume 1 1894 Chapter 427 p 871 Israelowitz 2004 pp 111 113 a b Montesano 2010 a b c Dunlap 2004 p 152 Olitzky amp Raphael 1996 p 248 states the merger occurred in 1914 Dunlap 2004 p 270 gives the year as 1909 a b Olitzky amp Raphael 1996 p 249 WEEKLY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES 7 28 2023 THROUGH 8 4 2023 National Park Service Retrieved August 6 2023 Dickter 2006 Ellin 2006 a b c Meet Us Temple of Israel website Building our future now Temple of Israel website References editDickter Adam Embattled Hamptons Rabbi Moving On The Jewish Week May 19 2006 Dunlap David W From Abyssinian to Zion A Guide to Manhattan s Houses of Worship Columbia University Press 2004 ISBN 978 0 231 12542 0 Ellin Abby It s Back to Shul For Gelfand New York June 23 2006 Gurock Jeffrey S The Jews of Harlem The Rise Decline and Revival of a Jewish Community New York University Press 2016 ISBN 9781479801169 Israelowitz Oscar Oscar Israelowitz s Guide to Jewish New York City Israelowitz Publishing 2004 ISBN 9781878741622 New York State Legislative Bill Drafting Commission Laws of the State of New York Passed at the One Hundred and Seventeenth Session of the Legislature Volume 1 January 22 April 27 1894 Montesano Jessica Temple Israel in Kenneth T Jackson Lisa Keller Nancy Flood eds The Encyclopedia of New York City Second Edition Yale University Press 2010 ISBN 9780300182576 Olitzky Kerry M Raphael Marc Lee The American Synagogue A Historical Dictionary and Sourcebook Greenwood Press 1996 ISBN 978 0 313 28856 2 Temple Israel website About the Temple Temple Israel website Accessed October 20 2010 Meet Us Temple Israel website Accessed August 14 2019 Our History Temple Israel website Accessed August 14 2019 Building our future now Capital Campaign Brochure Temple Israel website August 2023 Accessed December 31 2023 External links editOfficial website Temple Israel New York City Chapter of the American Guild of Organists Beyer Blinder Belle February 2022 TEMPLE ISRAEL OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK SUBMISSION FOR LANDMARKS PRESERVATION COMMISSION PDF New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission NYC LPC Public Hearing Meeting 3 1 2022 Part 2 on YouTube William F Rosenblum Papers Boston MA and New York NY American Jewish Historical Society p 327 for additional information on Temple Israel during Willam Rosenblum s tenure as rabbi 1930 1963 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Temple Israel of the City of New York amp oldid 1195857365, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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