School of thought

This article is about the perspective. For other uses, see School of thought (disambiguation).

A school of thought, or intellectual tradition, is the perspective of a group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy,^[1] discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement.^[2]

History

The phrase has become a common colloquialism which is used to describe those that think alike or those that focus on a common idea.^[3] The term's use is common place.^{[according to whom?][2]}

Schools are often characterized by their currency, and thus classified into "new" and "old" schools. There is a convention, in political and philosophical fields of thought, to have "modern" and "classical" schools of thought. An example is the modern and classical liberals. This dichotomy is often a component of paradigm shift. However, it is rarely the case that there are only two schools in any given field.

Schools are often named after their founders such as the "Rinzai school" of Zen, named after Linji Yixuan; and the Asharite school of early Muslim philosophy, named after Abu l'Hasan al-Ashari. They are often also named after their places of origin, such as the Ionian school of philosophy, which originated in Ionia; the Chicago school of architecture, which originated in Chicago, Illinois; the Prague school of linguistics, named after a linguistic circle founded in Prague; and the Tartu–Moscow Semiotic School, whose representatives lived in Tartu and Moscow.

An example of a school of thought in Christianity (and Gnosticism) is Neoplatonism, which has massively influenced Christian thought, from Augustinianism to Renaissance/Humanism to the present day.^[4]

See also

• Commentary of a philosophical text
• List of philosophies
• Mindset
• Paradigm
• Philosophical movement
• Worldview

References

1. "school of thought". Dictionary Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
2. Hattangadi, Vidya (17 June 2019). "Evaluating Mintzberg's 10 schools of thoughts for strategy formulation". Indian Express group. Financial Express. from the original on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
3. Solci, Valentina. "Breakdown on the Different Psychological Schools of Thought". valentinasolci. Medium. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
4. "Greek Philosophy—Did It Enrich Christianity?". from the original on 2023-01-16. Retrieved 2022-04-06.