New Tai Lue script, also known as Xishuangbanna Dai[4] and Simplified Tai Lue, is an abugida used to write the Tai Lü language. Developed in China in the 1950s, New Tai Lue is based on the traditional Tai Tham alphabet developed c. 1200. The government of China promoted the alphabet for use as a replacement for the older script; teaching the script was not mandatory, however, and as a result many are illiterate in New Tai Lue. In addition, communities in Burma, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam still use the Tai Tham alphabet.
In some words, the symbol ᦰ is just used for distinguishing homonyms or displaying onomatopoeiae.
Generally, vowels in open syllables (without final) become long whereas ones in closed syllables become short (except /aː/ and /uː/).
Tones
New Tai Lue has two tone marks which are written at the end of a syllable: ᧈ and ᧉ.[4] Because consonants come in pairs to denote two tonal registers, the two tone marks allow for representation of six specific tones:
High register
Low register
Mark
ᧈ
ᧉ
ᧈ
ᧉ
Shown with k
ᦂ
ᦂᧈ
ᦂᧉ
ᦅ
ᦅᧈ
ᦅᧉ
IPA
/ka˥/
/ka˧˥/
/ka˩˧/
/ka˥˩/
/ka˧/
/ka˩/
Transcription
ka¹
ka²
ka³
ka⁴
ka⁵
ka⁶
Abbreviations
Two letters are used only for abbreviations:
Syllable ᦶᦟᦰ (/lɛʔ˧/, "and", "or"[5]) can be abbreviated as the character ᧞
Syllable ᦶᦟᧁᧉ (/lɛu˩/, "already") can be abbreviated as the character ᧟
Digits
New Tai Lue has its own set of digits:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
᧐
᧑/᧚
᧒
᧓
᧔
᧕
᧖
᧗
᧘
᧙
An alternative glyph for one (᧚) is used when ᧑ might be confused with the vowel ᦱ.[4]
New Tai Lue script was added to the Unicode Standard in March, 2005 with the release of version 4.1.
In June 2015, New Tai Lue was changed from an ISCII-style logical ordering (where vowel modifiers are always encoded after the base consonants which they modify), as used for most Indic scripts in Unicode, to a TIS-620-style visual ordering model (where a vowel modifier will be encoded before the base consonant if it appears before it in the line, or after it otherwise), as used for the Thai and Lao scripts. This change was made since visual ordering for New Tai Lue was found to be more widespread in practice than the previously-prescribed logical ordering.[4][6][7][8] This change affected the four vowel letters which appear to the left of the initial consonant.
The Unicode block for New Tai Lue is U+1980–U+19DF:
^ abDiringer, David (1948). Alphabet a key to the history of mankind. p. 411.
^Hartmann, John F. (1986). "The spread of South Indic scripts in Southeast Asia". Crossroads: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 3 (1): 6–20. JSTOR 40860228.
^Penth, Hans (1986). "On the History of Thai scripts" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ abcdef"The Unicode Standard, Chapter 16.6: New Tai Lue" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. March 2020.
^Moore, Lisa (2014-11-10). "L2/14-250: UTC #141 Minutes".
^Hosken, Martin (2014-04-23). "L2/14-090: Proposal to Deprecate and add 4 characters to the New Tai Lue block" (PDF).
^Pournader, Roozbeh (2014-08-05). "L2/14-195: Data on the usage of left-side spacing marks in New Tai Lue".
February 27, 2023
alphabet, script, also, known, xishuangbanna, simplified, abugida, used, write, language, developed, china, 1950s, based, traditional, tham, alphabet, developed, 1200, government, china, promoted, alphabet, replacement, older, script, teaching, script, mandato. New Tai Lue script also known as Xishuangbanna Dai 4 and Simplified Tai Lue is an abugida used to write the Tai Lu language Developed in China in the 1950s New Tai Lue is based on the traditional Tai Tham alphabet developed c 1200 The government of China promoted the alphabet for use as a replacement for the older script teaching the script was not mandatory however and as a result many are illiterate in New Tai Lue In addition communities in Burma Laos Thailand and Vietnam still use the Tai Tham alphabet New Tai LueᦟᦲᧅᦷᦎᦺᦑᦟᦹᧉXishuangbanna DaiScript typeAbugidaTime periodsince 1950sDirectionleft to right LanguagesTai LuRelated scriptsParent systemsProto Sinaitic alphabet a Phoenician alphabet a Aramaic alphabet a BrahmiTamil BrahmiKadamba or Pallava alphabet 1 Old Mon 1 2 3 Tai ThamNew Tai LueISO 15924ISO 15924Talu 354 New Tai LueUnicodeUnicode aliasNew Tai LueUnicode rangeU 1980 U 19DF This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA For the distinction between and see IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters You may need rendering support to display the uncommon Unicode characters in this article correctly China Post logo with New Tai Lu script reading hoŋ faːk haːi tsoŋ ko in Mohan Yunnan Contents 1 Consonants 1 1 Initials 1 2 Finals 2 Vowels 3 Tones 4 Abbreviations 5 Digits 6 Unicode 7 See also 8 ReferencesConsonants EditInitials Edit Similar to the Thai and Lao scripts consonants come in pairs to denote two tonal registers high and low 4 High ᦀ ᦂ ᦃ ᦄ ᦈ ᦉ ᦊ ᦎ ᦏ ᦐ ᦔLow ᦁ ᦅ ᦆ ᦇ ᦋ ᦌ ᦍ ᦑ ᦒ ᦓ ᦗIPA ʔa ka xa ŋa t sa sa ja ta tʰa na pa High ᦕ ᦖ ᦚ ᦛ ᦜ ᦡ ᦢ ᦠ ᦦ ᦧ ᦪLow ᦘ ᦙ ᦝ ᦞ ᦟ ᦤ ᦥ ᦣ ᦨ ᦩ ᦫIPA pʰa ma fa wa la da ba ha kʷa xʷa sʷa Finals Edit Final consonants do not have an inherent a vowel 4 They are modified forms of initials with a virama like hook Final ᧅ ᧆ ᧇ ᧂ ᧃ ᧄ ᧁ no final with ᦰIPA k t p ŋ n m w ʔ Vowels EditConsonants have a default vowel of a In the table below represents a consonant and is used to indicate the position of the various vowels Short vowels Long vowels Diphthongs with iLetters IPA Letters IPA Letters IPAnot present a ᦺ aj ᦰ aʔ ᦱ aː ᦻ aːj ᦲᦰ iʔ ᦲ i ː ᦵ ᦰ eʔ ᦵ e ː ᦶ ᦰ ɛʔ ᦶ ɛ ː ᦳ u ʔ ᦴ uː ᦼ uj ᦷ ᦰ oʔ ᦷ o ː ᦽ oj ᦸᦰ ɔʔ ᦸ ɔ ː ᦾ ɔj ᦹᦰ ɯʔ ᦹ ɯ ː ᦿ ɯj ᦵ ᦲᦰ ɤʔ ᦵ ᦲ ɤ ː ᦵ ᧀ ɤj In some words the symbol ᦰ is just used for distinguishing homonyms or displaying onomatopoeiae Generally vowels in open syllables without final become long whereas ones in closed syllables become short except aː and uː Tones EditNew Tai Lue has two tone marks which are written at the end of a syllable ᧈ and ᧉ 4 Because consonants come in pairs to denote two tonal registers the two tone marks allow for representation of six specific tones High register Low registerMark ᧈ ᧉ ᧈ ᧉShown with k ᦂ ᦂᧈ ᦂᧉ ᦅ ᦅᧈ ᦅᧉIPA ka ka ka ka ka ka Transcription ka ka ka ka ka ka Abbreviations EditTwo letters are used only for abbreviations Syllable ᦶᦟᦰ lɛʔ and or 5 can be abbreviated as the character Syllable ᦶᦟᧁᧉ lɛu already can be abbreviated as the character Digits EditNew Tai Lue has its own set of digits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9᧐ ᧑ ᧒ ᧓ ᧔ ᧕ ᧖ ᧗ ᧘ ᧙An alternative glyph for one is used when ᧑ might be confused with the vowel ᦱ 4 Unicode EditMain article New Tai Lue Unicode block New Tai Lue script was added to the Unicode Standard in March 2005 with the release of version 4 1 In June 2015 New Tai Lue was changed from an ISCII style logical ordering where vowel modifiers are always encoded after the base consonants which they modify as used for most Indic scripts in Unicode to a TIS 620 style visual ordering model where a vowel modifier will be encoded before the base consonant if it appears before it in the line or after it otherwise as used for the Thai and Lao scripts This change was made since visual ordering for New Tai Lue was found to be more widespread in practice than the previously prescribed logical ordering 4 6 7 8 This change affected the four vowel letters which appear to the left of the initial consonant The Unicode block for New Tai Lue is U 1980 U 19DF New Tai Lue 1 2 Official Unicode Consortium code chart PDF 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E FU 198x ᦀ ᦁ ᦂ ᦃ ᦄ ᦅ ᦆ ᦇ ᦈ ᦉ ᦊ ᦋ ᦌ ᦍ ᦎ ᦏU 199x ᦐ ᦑ ᦒ ᦓ ᦔ ᦕ ᦖ ᦗ ᦘ ᦙ ᦚ ᦛ ᦜ ᦝ ᦞ ᦟU 19Ax ᦠ ᦡ ᦢ ᦣ ᦤ ᦥ ᦦ ᦧ ᦨ ᦩ ᦪ ᦫU 19Bx ᦰ ᦱ ᦲ ᦳ ᦴ ᦵ ᦶ ᦷ ᦸ ᦹ ᦺ ᦻ ᦼ ᦽ ᦾ ᦿU 19Cx ᧀ ᧁ ᧂ ᧃ ᧄ ᧅ ᧆ ᧇ ᧈ ᧉU 19Dx ᧐ ᧑ ᧒ ᧓ ᧔ ᧕ ᧖ ᧗ ᧘ ᧙ Notes 1 As of Unicode version 15 0 2 Grey areas indicate non assigned code pointsSee also EditTai Tham script Tai Le scriptReferences Edit a b Diringer David 1948 Alphabet a key to the history of mankind p 411 Hartmann John F 1986 The spread of South Indic scripts in Southeast Asia Crossroads An Interdisciplinary Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 3 1 6 20 JSTOR 40860228 Penth Hans 1986 On the History of Thai scripts PDF a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help a b c d e f The Unicode Standard Chapter 16 6 New Tai Lue PDF Unicode Consortium March 2020 Dai Lue Dictionary ᦈᦹᧈ ᦶᦑᧃ ᦺᦑ ᦟᦹᧉ 傣泐词典 ᦂᦱᧃᧉ ᦅᧄ Moore Lisa 2014 11 10 L2 14 250 UTC 141 Minutes Hosken Martin 2014 04 23 L2 14 090 Proposal to Deprecate and add 4 characters to the New Tai Lue block PDF Pournader Roozbeh 2014 08 05 L2 14 195 Data on the usage of left side spacing marks in New Tai Lue Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New Tai Lue alphabet amp oldid 1108370336, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
