Sultan of Terengganu (سلطان ترڠݢانو) is the title of the constitutional head of Terengganu state in Malaysia. The current sultan, Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu, is the 18th sultan and 13th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 2006 to 2011. He is the head of the religion of Islam in the state and the source of all titles, honours and dignities in the state.
Terengganu emerged as an independent sultanate in 1725 with the installation of the first sultan, Zainal Abidin I. In 1741, Sultan Sulaiman appointed Sultan Mansur as the ruler of Terengganu. Popular among his people, Sultan Mansur in the mid-18th century forged a strong alliance among the Malays to counter the growing influence of the Bugis. European accounts of that era lauded the well-organized governance under his leadership.[1]
In 1871, Terengganu became a vassal state of the Thai Rattanakosin Kingdom, and sent tribute every year called bunga mas. This occurred under the reign of Sultan Omar Riayat Shah, who was remembered as a devout ruler who promoted trade and stable government. Under Thai rule, Terengganu prospered, and was largely left alone by the authorities in Bangkok.[2]
Sultan Zainal Abidin III succeeded the death of his father Sultan Ahmad II in 1881, under his reign Terengganu became a British protectorate under the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909. In 1911, the sultan issued Terengganu's first constitution. In 1919, a British advisor was appointed to Sultan Muhammad Shah II, the son of the former sultan. Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah was crowned on 1920, his reign saw the growth of Malay nationalism in Terengganu. During the 1920s, growing anti-British sentiment in Terengganu led to uprisings in 1922, 1925 and 1928 which were led by Haji Abdul Rahman Limbong. Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Terengganu died on 25 September 1942 of blood poisoning. The Japanese Military Administration, which occupied Malaya at that time, proclaimed his son as the 15th Sultan of Terengganu bearing the title Sultan Ali Shah. However, on 1943, the Thai government under prime minister Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsonggram took over the administration of Terengganu from the Japanese and continued to recognise Sultan Ali Shah.[3]
When the British returned after the end of World War II, they declined to recognise Sultan Ali Shah. Allegedly, Sultan Ali was too much in debt and had been too close to the Japanese during their occupation.[4] According to Sultan Ali, the British Military Administration wanted him removed for his refusal to sign the Malayan Union treaty and they also disapproved of his character.[5][6]
On 1945, the Terengganu State Council of thirteen members announced the dismissal of Sultan Ali and the appointment of Tengku Ismail as the 16th Sultan of Terengganu. Tengku Ismail became known as Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah and was installed on 6 June 1949 at Istana Maziah, Kuala Terengganu.[7] Sultan Ali continued to dispute his dismissal until his death on 17 May 1996.[8]
Sultan Mahmud al-Muktafi Billah Shah succeeded his father in 1979 and ruled Terengganu until 1998, when it then passed to his son Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin, who is the current sultan to this day.
List of sultansedit
The sultan of Terengganu's headgear (Solek Belalai Gajah). Worn by the sultan, this songket is folded like a leaf bud pointing upwards, resembling an elephant tusk from which it takes its name. Its folded in three layers with its point wounded to the right, signifying the wearer is a royal.
sultan, terengganu, سلطان, ترڠݢانو, title, constitutional, head, terengganu, state, malaysia, current, sultan, mizan, zainal, abidin, terengganu, 18th, sultan, 13th, yang, pertuan, agong, malaysia, from, 2006, 2011, head, religion, islam, state, source, titles. Sultan of Terengganu سلطان ترڠݢانو is the title of the constitutional head of Terengganu state in Malaysia The current sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu is the 18th sultan and 13th Yang di Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 2006 to 2011 He is the head of the religion of Islam in the state and the source of all titles honours and dignities in the state Sultan of Terengganuسلطان ترڠݢانو StateArms of His Royal Highness the Sultan of TerengganuIncumbentMizan Zainal Abidinsince 15 May 1998Coronation 4 March 1999DetailsStyleHis Royal HighnessHeir apparentTengku Muhammad IsmailFirst monarchZainal Abidin IFormation1725 299 years ago 1725 ResidenceIstana Syarqiyyah Kuala TerengganuContents 1 History 2 List of sultans 3 Gallery 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory editMain article Terengganu History Terengganu emerged as an independent sultanate in 1725 with the installation of the first sultan Zainal Abidin I In 1741 Sultan Sulaiman appointed Sultan Mansur as the ruler of Terengganu Popular among his people Sultan Mansur in the mid 18th century forged a strong alliance among the Malays to counter the growing influence of the Bugis European accounts of that era lauded the well organized governance under his leadership 1 In 1871 Terengganu became a vassal state of the Thai Rattanakosin Kingdom and sent tribute every year called bunga mas This occurred under the reign of Sultan Omar Riayat Shah who was remembered as a devout ruler who promoted trade and stable government Under Thai rule Terengganu prospered and was largely left alone by the authorities in Bangkok 2 Sultan Zainal Abidin III succeeded the death of his father Sultan Ahmad II in 1881 under his reign Terengganu became a British protectorate under the Anglo Siamese Treaty of 1909 In 1911 the sultan issued Terengganu s first constitution In 1919 a British advisor was appointed to Sultan Muhammad Shah II the son of the former sultan Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah was crowned on 1920 his reign saw the growth of Malay nationalism in Terengganu During the 1920s growing anti British sentiment in Terengganu led to uprisings in 1922 1925 and 1928 which were led by Haji Abdul Rahman Limbong Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Terengganu died on 25 September 1942 of blood poisoning The Japanese Military Administration which occupied Malaya at that time proclaimed his son as the 15th Sultan of Terengganu bearing the title Sultan Ali Shah However on 1943 the Thai government under prime minister Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsonggram took over the administration of Terengganu from the Japanese and continued to recognise Sultan Ali Shah 3 When the British returned after the end of World War II they declined to recognise Sultan Ali Shah Allegedly Sultan Ali was too much in debt and had been too close to the Japanese during their occupation 4 According to Sultan Ali the British Military Administration wanted him removed for his refusal to sign the Malayan Union treaty and they also disapproved of his character 5 6 On 1945 the Terengganu State Council of thirteen members announced the dismissal of Sultan Ali and the appointment of Tengku Ismail as the 16th Sultan of Terengganu Tengku Ismail became known as Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah and was installed on 6 June 1949 at Istana Maziah Kuala Terengganu 7 Sultan Ali continued to dispute his dismissal until his death on 17 May 1996 8 Sultan Mahmud al Muktafi Billah Shah succeeded his father in 1979 and ruled Terengganu until 1998 when it then passed to his son Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin who is the current sultan to this day List of sultans edit nbsp The sultan of Terengganu s headgear Solek Belalai Gajah Worn by the sultan this songket is folded like a leaf bud pointing upwards resembling an elephant tusk from which it takes its name Its folded in three layers with its point wounded to the right signifying the wearer is a royal 1725 1733 Zainal Abidin Shah I of Terengganu 1733 1793 Mansur Riayat Shah I of Terengganu 1793 1808 Zainal Abidin Shah II of Terengganu 1808 1830 Ahmad Muazzam Shah I of Terengganu 1830 1831 Abdul Rahman Shah jan april 1831 Dzaudd Riayat Shah 1831 jointly Omar Riayat Shah and Mansur Shah II 1831 1837 Mansur Riayat Shah II of Terengganu 1837 1839 Muhammad Muazzam Shah I 1839 1876 Omar Riayat Shah 1876 1877 Mahmud Mustafa Shah 1877 1881 Ahmad Muazzam Shah II 1881 1918 Zainal Abidin Shah III 1918 1920 Muhammad Muazzam Shah II d 1955 1920 1942 Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah 1942 1945 Ali Bhadrul Hasshik Alam Shah 1945 1979 Ismail Nasiruddin Shah 1979 1998 Mahmud al Muktafi Billah Shah 1998 present Mizan Zainal AbidinGallery edit nbsp Sultan Zainal Abidin III reigned 1881 1918 the 12th sultan of Terengganu nbsp Sultan Muhammad Shah II reigned 1918 1920 the 13th sultan of Terengganu then a raja muda crown prince in 1909 nbsp Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu reigned 1965 1970 the 16th sultan nbsp Mahmud of Terengganu reigned 1979 1998 the 17th sultan and the previous sultan to the current oneSee also editFamily tree of Terengganu monarchs Family tree of Malaysian monarchs List of Sunni Muslim dynastiesReferences edit Andaya Barbara Watson 1982 A history of Malaysia New York St Martin s Press p 85 ISBN 978 0 312 38120 2 Andaya Barbara Watson 1982 A history of Malaysia Martin s Press p 121 Willan HC 1945 Interviews with the Malay rulers CAB101 69 CAB HIST B 4 7 Willan 1945 Wan Ramli Wan Mohamad 1993 Pengakuan Tengku Ali Mengapa Saya Diturunkan Dari Takhta Terengganu Fajar Bakti Kuala Lumpur Willan 1945 Buyong Adil 1974 p 205 Wan Ramli Wan Mohamad 1993 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sultan of Terengganu amp oldid 1213777580, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
